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Bai FY, Liu ZY, Ni S, Yang YS, Yu Z, Wang GH, Zhao Z, Pan XM. Metal-free catalysis for the reaction of nitrogen dioxide dimer with phenol: An unexpected favorable source of nitrate and aerosol precursors in vehicle exhaust. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:132705. [PMID: 34710448 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.132705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2021] [Revised: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Atmospheric reaction mechanism and dynamics of phenol with nitrogen dioxide dimer were explored by the density functional theory and high-level quantum chemistry combined with statistical kinetic calculations within 220-800 K. The nitric acid and phenyl nitrite, the typical aerosol precursors, are the preponderant products because of the low formation free energy barrier (∼8.7 kcal/mol) and fast rate constants (∼10-15 cm3 molecule-1 s-1 at 298 K). Phenyl nitrate is the minor product and it would be also formed from the transformation of phenyl nitrite in NO2-rich environment. More importantly, kinetic effects and catalytic mechanism of a series of metal-free catalysts (H2O, NH3, CH3NH2, CH3NHCH3, HCOOH, and CH3COOH) on the title reaction were investigated at the same level. The results indicate that CH3NH2 and CH3NHCH3 can not only catalyze the title reaction by lowering the free energy barrier (about 1.4-6.5 kcal/mol) but also facilitate the production of organic ammonium nitrate via acting as a donor-acceptor of hydrogen. Conversely, the other species are non-catalytic upon the title reaction. The stabilization energies and donor-acceptor interactions in alkali-catalyzed product complexes were explored, which can provide new insights to the properties of aerosol precursors. Moreover, the lifetime of phenol determined by nitrogen dioxide dimer in the presence of dimethylamine may compete with that of determined by OH radicals, indicating that nitrogen dioxide dimer is responsible for the elimination of phenol in the polluted atmosphere. This work could help us thoroughly understand the removal of nitrogen oxides and phenol as well as new aerosol precursor aggregation in vehicle exhaust.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Yang Bai
- Institute of Catalysis for Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, 110034, People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Yu Liu
- Institute of Catalysis for Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, 110034, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Ni
- Institute of Catalysis for Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, 110034, People's Republic of China; Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, National & Local United Engineering Lab for Power Battery, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, People's Republic of China
| | - Yong-Sheng Yang
- Institute of Catalysis for Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, 110034, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhou Yu
- Institute of Catalysis for Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, 110034, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Hui Wang
- Department of Automation, Innovation and Entrepreneurship Center, Shenyang Ligong University, Shenyang, 110159, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Zhao
- Institute of Catalysis for Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, 110034, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Chang Ping, Beijing, 102249, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiu-Mei Pan
- Institute of Functional Material Chemistry, National & Local United Engineering Lab for Power Battery, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, People's Republic of China.
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Synthesis of methanediol [CH 2(OH) 2]: The simplest geminal diol. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:2111938119. [PMID: 34969838 PMCID: PMC8740743 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2111938119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Methanediol [CH2(OH)2] represents a pivotal atmospheric volatile organic compound and plays a fundamental role in aerosol growth. Although sought for decades, methanediol has never been identified due to the inherent dehydration tendency of two adjacent hydroxyl groups (OH) at the same carbon atom. Here, we prepare and identify methanediol via processing of low-temperature ices followed by sublimation into the gas phase. These findings open up a concept to synthesize and characterize unstable geminal diols—critical organic transients in Earth’s atmosphere. The excited state dynamics of oxygen may also lead to methanediol in methanol-rich interstellar ices in cold molecular clouds, followed by sublimation in star-forming regions and prospective detection of these reactive intermediates in the gas phase by radiotelescopes. Geminal diols—organic molecules carrying two hydroxyl groups at the same carbon atom—have been recognized as key reactive intermediates by the physical (organic) chemistry and atmospheric science communities as fundamental transients in the aerosol cycle and in the atmospheric ozonolysis reaction sequence. Anticipating short lifetimes and their tendency to fragment to water plus the aldehyde or ketone, free geminal diols represent one of the most elusive classes of organic reactive intermediates. Here, we afford an exceptional glance into the preparation of the previously elusive methanediol [CH2(OH)2] transient—the simplest geminal diol—via energetic processing of low-temperature methanol–oxygen ices. Methanediol was identified in the gas phase upon sublimation via isomer-selective photoionization reflectron time-of-flight mass spectrometry combined with isotopic substitution studies. Electronic structure calculations reveal that methanediol is formed via excited state dynamics through insertion of electronically excited atomic oxygen into a carbon–hydrogen bond of the methyl group of methanol followed by stabilization in the icy matrix. The first preparation and detection of methanediol demonstrates its gas-phase stability as supported by a significant barrier hindering unimolecular decomposition to formaldehyde and water. These findings advance our perception of the fundamental chemistry and chemical bonding of geminal diols and signify their role as an efficient sink of aldehydes and ketones in atmospheric environments eventually coupling the atmospheric chemistry of geminal diols and Criegee intermediates.
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Arathala P, Musah RA. Catalytic effect of water and formic acid on the reaction of carbonyl sulfide with dimethyl amine under tropospheric conditions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:8752-8766. [PMID: 33876034 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp00180a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
CCSD(T)/aug-cc-pVTZ//M06-2X/aug-cc-pVTZ calculations were performed on the addition of amines [i.e. ammonia (NH3), methyl amine (MA), and dimethyl amine (DMA)] to carbonyl sulfide (OCS), followed by transfer of the amine H-atom to either the S-atom or O-atom of OCS, assisted by a single water (H2O) or a formic acid (FA) molecule, leading to the formation of the corresponding carbamothioic S- or O acids. For the OCS + NH3 and OCS + MA reactions with or without the H2O or FA, very high barriers were observed, making these reactions unfeasible. Interestingly, the barrier heights for the OCS + DMA reaction, involving H-atom transfer to either the S-atom or O-atom of OCS and assisted by a FA, were found to be -4.2 kcal mol-1 and -3.9 kcal mol-1, respectively, relative to those of the separated reactants. The barrier height values suggest that FA lowers the reaction barriers by ∼28.4 kcal mol-1 and ∼35.9 kcal mol-1 compared to the OCS + DMA reaction without the catalyst. Rate coefficient calculations were performed on the OCS + DMA reaction both without a catalyst, and assisted by a H2O and a FA molecule using canonical variational transition state theory and small curvature tunneling at the temperatures between 200 and 300 K. The rate data show that the OCS + DMA + FA reaction proceeds through H-atom transfer to the S-atom of OCS, which was found to be ∼103-1011 and 103-1010 times faster than the OCS + DMA and OCS + DMA + H2O reactions, respectively, in the studied temperature range. For the same temperature range, the rate of the OCS + DMA + FA reaction was found to be ∼108-1016 and 103-1012 times faster than the OCS + DMA and OCS + DMA + H2O reactions in which H-atom transfer to the O-atom of OCS occurred. This suggests that the OCS + DMA reaction that is assisted by FA is more efficient than the H2O assisted reaction. In addition, the rate of the OCS + DMA + FA reaction was found to be ∼1010 times slower than the OCS + ˙OH reaction at 298 K. This clarifies that the OCS + DMA + FA reaction may be feasible for the atmospheric removal of OCS under night-time forest fire conditions when the OCS and DMA concentrations are high and the ˙OH concentration is low.
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Affiliation(s)
- Parandaman Arathala
- University at Albany-State University of New York, Department of Chemistry, 1400 Washington Avenue, Albany, NY 12222, USA.
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Foley BL, Bhan A. Transient and Steady-State Kinetic Studies of Formaldehyde Alkylation of Benzene to Form Diphenylmethane on HZSM-5 Catalysts. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c02991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Brandon L. Foley
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota—Twin Cities, 421 Washington Avenue SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Aditya Bhan
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota—Twin Cities, 421 Washington Avenue SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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Bai FY, Ni S, Ren Y, Tang YZ, Zhao Z, Pan XM. DFT analysis on the removal of dimethylbenzoquinones in atmosphere and water environments: ·OH-initiated oxidation and captured by (TiO 2) n clusters (n=1-6). JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 386:121636. [PMID: 31753671 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2019] [Revised: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The elimination mechanisms and the dynamics of 2,5-dimethylbenzoquinone/2,6-dimethylbenzoquinone are performed by DFT under the presence of ·OH radical and TiO2-clusters. The rate coefficients, calculated within the atmospheric and combustion temperature range of 200-2000 K, agree well with the experimental data. The subsequent reactions including the bond cleavage of quinone ring, O2 addition or abstraction, the reactions of peroxy radical with NO yielding the precursor of organic aerosol are studied. Gaseous water molecule plays an important role in the transformation of alkoxy radical and exhibits a catalytic performance in the enol-ketone tautomerism. The lifetimes of 2,5-dimethylbenzoquinone/2,6-dimethylbenzoquinone are about 12.04-12.86 h at 298 K, which are in favor of the medium range transport of them in the atmosphere. Significantly, the water environment plays a negative role on the ·OH-degradation of dimethylbenzoquinone. Compared to the quinone ring, 2,5-dimethylbenzoquinone onto (TiO2)n clusters (n = 1-6) is easier to be absorbed by TiO2-clusters through its oxygen site because of its strong chemisorption, which indicates that TiO2-clusters are capable of trapping dimethylbenzoquinones effectively. The water environment could weaken the adsorption of 2,5-dimethylbenzoquinone onto (TiO2)n clusters (n = 1-6) by increasing the adsorption energy. This work reveals the removal of dimethylbenzoquinones and the formation of organic aerosol under polluted environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Yang Bai
- Institute of Catalysis for Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, 110034, People's Republic of China.
| | - Shuang Ni
- National & Local United Engineering Lab for Power Battery, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Chang Ping, Beijing 102249, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi-Zhen Tang
- School of Environmental and Municipal Engineering, Qingdao Technological University, Qingdao 266033, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen Zhao
- Institute of Catalysis for Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shenyang Normal University, Shenyang, 110034, People's Republic of China; State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, China University of Petroleum, Chang Ping, Beijing 102249, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiu-Mei Pan
- National & Local United Engineering Lab for Power Battery, Faculty of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, 130024, People's Republic of China.
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Gannouni A, Michel C, Delbecq F, Zina MS, Sautet P. DFT investigations for the catalytic reaction mechanism of methane combustion occurring on Pd(ii)/Al-MCM-41. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:25377-25386. [PMID: 30264067 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp04178d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a theoretical analysis was carried out on the mechanism of methane combustion occurring on single site palladium oxide species [Pd]2+ supported on Al-MCM-41 silica. Single site Pd-oxo and PdO2-superoxo structures were used to represent the active centers. Activation energies for all the elementary steps involved in the oxidation of methane into formaldehyde are presented. The competition of methane/methanol substrates on active sites was examined. It was found that the formation of methanol via the reaction of methane with the superoxo species, formed via the adsorption of O2 on reduced Pd(ii) centers, facilitates the production of the very active Pd-oxo catalytic sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anis Gannouni
- Université de Tunis El Manar, Faculté des Sciences de Tunis, Laboratoire de Chimie des Matériaux et Catalyse, Campus Universitaire, Tunis 2092, Tunisia
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Parandaman A, Kumar M, Francisco JS, Sinha A. Organic Acid Formation from the Atmospheric Oxidation of Gem Diols: Reaction Mechanism, Energetics, and Rates. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:6266-6276. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.8b01773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arathala Parandaman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California—San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska—Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Joseph S. Francisco
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska—Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Amitabha Sinha
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California—San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
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Liu L, Kupiainen-Määttä O, Zhang H, Li H, Zhong J, Kurtén T, Vehkamäki H, Zhang S, Zhang Y, Ge M, Zhang X, Li Z. Clustering mechanism of oxocarboxylic acids involving hydration reaction: Implications for the atmospheric models. J Chem Phys 2018; 148:214303. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5030665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ling Liu
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Oona Kupiainen-Määttä
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64 (Gustaf Hällströmin katu 2a), FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Haijie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Hao Li
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jie Zhong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, USA
| | - Theo Kurtén
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Chemistry, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64 (Gustaf Hällströmin katu 2a), FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Hanna Vehkamäki
- Institute for Atmospheric and Earth System Research/Physics, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 64 (Gustaf Hällströmin katu 2a), FI-00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Shaowen Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yunhong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Maofa Ge
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiuhui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zesheng Li
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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Hirvonen V, Myllys N, Kurtén T, Elm J. Closed-Shell Organic Compounds Might Form Dimers at the Surface of Molecular Clusters. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:1771-1780. [PMID: 29364673 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b11970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The role of covalently bound dimer formation is studied using high-level quantum chemical methods. Reaction free energy profiles for dimer formation between common oxygen-containing functional groups are calculated, and based on the Gibbs free energy differences between transition states and reactants, we show that none of the studied two-component gas-phase reactions are kinetically feasible at 298.15 K and 1 atm. Therefore, the catalyzing effect of water, base, or acid molecules is calculated, and sulfuric acid is identified to lower the activation free energies significantly. We find that the reactions yielding hemiacetal, peroxyhemiacetal, α-hydroxyester, and geminal diol products occur with activation free energies of less than 10 kcal/mol with sulfuric acid as a catalyst, indicating that these reactions could potentially take place on the surface of sulfuric acid clusters. Additionally, the formed dimer products bind stronger onto the pre-existing cluster than the corresponding reagent monomers do. This implies that covalent dimerization reactions stabilize the existing cluster thermodynamically and make it less likely to evaporate. However, the studied small organic compounds, which contain only one functional group, are not able to form dimer products that are stable against evaporation at atmospheric conditions. Calculations of dimer formation onto a cluster surface and the clustering ability of dimer products should be extended to large terpene oxidation products in order to estimate the real atmospheric significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viivi Hirvonen
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki , 00100 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Nanna Myllys
- Department of Physics, University of Helsinki , 00100 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Theo Kurtén
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki , 00100 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jonas Elm
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University , 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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Parandaman A, Tangtartharakul CB, Kumar M, Francisco JS, Sinha A. A Computational Study Investigating the Energetics and Kinetics of the HNCO + (CH3)2NH Reaction Catalyzed by a Single Water Molecule. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:8465-8473. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b08657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arathala Parandaman
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California−San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Chanin B. Tangtartharakul
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California−San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Joseph S. Francisco
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
| | - Amitabha Sinha
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California−San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
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Bao JL, Truhlar DG. Variational transition state theory: theoretical framework and recent developments. Chem Soc Rev 2017; 46:7548-7596. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00602k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
This article reviews the fundamentals of variational transition state theory (VTST), its recent theoretical development, and some modern applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Lucas Bao
- Department of Chemistry
- Chemical Theory Center, and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute
- University of Minnesota
- Minneapolis
- USA
| | - Donald G. Truhlar
- Department of Chemistry
- Chemical Theory Center, and Minnesota Supercomputing Institute
- University of Minnesota
- Minneapolis
- USA
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