1
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Phan HT, Tsou PK, Hsu PJ, Kuo JL. A first-principles exploration of the conformational space of sodiated di-saccharides assisted by semi-empirical methods and neural network potentials. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:9556-9567. [PMID: 38456454 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05362h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Previous exploration of the conformational space of sodiated mono-saccharides using a random search algorithm leads to ∼103 structurally distinct conformers covering an energy range of ∼150 kJ mol-1. Thus, it is reasonable to expect that the number of distinct conformers for a given disaccharide would be on the order of 106. Efficient identification of distinct conformers at the first-principles level has been demonstrated with the assistance of neural network potential (NNP) with an accuracy of ∼1 kJ mol-1 compared to DFT. Leveraging a local minima database of neutral and sodiated glucose (Glc), we develop algorithms to systematically explore the conformation landscape of 19 Glc-based sodiated disaccharides. To accelerate the exploration, the NNP method is implemented. The NNP achieves an accuracy of ∼2.3 kJ mol-1 compared to DFT, offering a comparable quality to that of DFT. Through a multi-model approach integrating DFTB3, NNP and DFT, we can rapidly locate low-energy disaccharide conformers at the first-principles level. The methodology we show here can be used to efficiently explore the potential energy landscape of any di-saccharides when first-principles accuracy is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huu Trong Phan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
- Molecular Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Kang Tsou
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Po-Jen Hsu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Jer-Lai Kuo
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
- Molecular Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
- International Graduate Program of Molecular Science and Technology (NTU-MST), National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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2
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DeYong AE, Trinidad JC, Pohl NLB. An identification method to distinguish monomeric sugar isomers on glycopeptides. Analyst 2023; 148:4438-4446. [PMID: 37555458 DOI: 10.1039/d3an01036h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
A one-step protocol for the automated flow synthesis of protected glycosylated amino acids is described using pumps with open-source controls in overall yields of 21-50%. The resulting glycosylated amino acids could be used directly in solid-phase peptide synthesis (SPPS) protocols to quickly produce glycopeptide standards. Access to a variety of stereoisomers of the sugar enabled the development of an LC-MS/MS protocol that can distinguish between peptides modified with carbohydrates having the same exact mass. This method could definitively identify fucose in an O-glycosylation site on the transmembrane protein, Notch1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley E DeYong
- Chemistry, Indiana University, 212 S Hawthorne Dr., Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
| | - Jonathan C Trinidad
- Chemistry, Indiana University, 212 S Hawthorne Dr., Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
| | - Nicola L B Pohl
- Chemistry, Indiana University, 212 S Hawthorne Dr., Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
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3
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Phan HT, Tsou PK, Hsu PJ, Kuo JL. A first-principles exploration of the conformational space of sodiated pyranose assisted by neural network potentials. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:5817-5826. [PMID: 36745400 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp04411k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Sampling the conformational space of monosaccharides using the first-principles methods is important and as a database of local minima provides a solid base for interpreting experimental measurements such as infrared photo-dissociation (IRPD) spectroscopy or collision-induced dissociation (CID). IRPD emphasizes low-energy conformers and CID can distinguish conformers with distinct reaction pathways. A typical computational approach is to engage empirical or semi-empirical methods to sample the conformational space first, and only selected minima are reoptimized at first-principles levels. In this work, we propose a computational scheme to explore the configurational space of 12 types of sodiated pyranoses with the assistance of a neural network potential (NNP). We demonstrated that it is possible to train an NNP based on the density functional calculations extracted from a previous study on sodiated glucose (Glc), galactose (Gal), and mannose (Man). This NNP yields a better description of the other five types of aldohexoses than the four types of ketohexoses. We further show that such a discrepancy in the accuracy of NNP can be resolved by an active learning scheme where the NNP model is engaged in generating the data and has itself updated. Through this iterative process, we can locate more than 17 000 distinct local minima at the B3LYP/6-311+G(d,p) level and an NNP with an accuracy of 1 kJ mol-1 was created, which can be used for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huu Trong Phan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan. .,Molecular Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.,Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Kang Tsou
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Po-Jen Hsu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Jer-Lai Kuo
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan. .,Molecular Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.,Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.,International Graduate Program of Molecular Science and Technology (NTU-MST), National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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4
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Tsou PK, Huynh HT, Phan HT, Kuo JL. A self-adapting first-principles exploration on the dissociation mechanism in sodiated aldohexose pyranoses assisted with neural network potentials. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:3332-3342. [PMID: 36633012 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp04421h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the mechanism of collision-induced dissociation (CID) in mono-saccharides with density functional theory (DFT) is challenging because of many possible reaction paths that originate from their high structural diversity. To search for the transition state (TS) from the huge number of conformers, we propose a three-step search scheme with the assistance of neural network potential (NNP). The search starts from a cross-checking of sugars, to a global search of all possible channels, and in the end, an exhaustive exploration around the low-lying channels. The cross-checking step quickly adapts the NNP from the studied molecules to the target ones. The other two steps utilize the adapted NNP to find the available pathways via random sampling of the structures. The study of the CID reactions in all eight types of aldohexose pyranoses was applied using the search scheme. The DFT calculations on AH-0 (Glc, Gal, and Man) in the previous study were utilized to construct an NNP and provide the TS structure database for searching AH-1 (All, Alt, Gul, Ido, and Tal). In total, we identified around 5200 TSs in AH-0 and AH-1, and the final NNP covers an energy range of more than 500 kJ mol-1 with a mean absolute error of energy less than 4 kJ mol-1. The search scheme is useful not only for saccharides but also for highly flexible bio-molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pei-Kang Tsou
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Hai Thi Huynh
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan. .,Molecular Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.,Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Huu Trong Phan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan. .,Molecular Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.,Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Lai Kuo
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan. .,Molecular Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.,Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.,International Graduate Program of Molecular Science and Technology (NTU-MST), National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
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5
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Harvey DJ. Analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry: An update for 2019-2020. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2022:e21806. [PMID: 36468275 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
This review is the tenth update of the original article published in 1999 on the application of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry to the analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates and brings coverage of the literature to the end of 2020. Also included are papers that describe methods appropriate to analysis by MALDI, such as sample preparation techniques, even though the ionization method is not MALDI. The review is basically divided into three sections: (1) general aspects such as theory of the MALDI process, matrices, derivatization, MALDI imaging, fragmentation, quantification and the use of arrays. (2) Applications to various structural types such as oligo- and polysaccharides, glycoproteins, glycolipids, glycosides and biopharmaceuticals, and (3) other areas such as medicine, industrial processes and glycan synthesis where MALDI is extensively used. Much of the material relating to applications is presented in tabular form. The reported work shows increasing use of incorporation of new techniques such as ion mobility and the enormous impact that MALDI imaging is having. MALDI, although invented nearly 40 years ago is still an ideal technique for carbohydrate analysis and advancements in the technique and range of applications show little sign of diminishing.
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Affiliation(s)
- David J Harvey
- Nuffield Department of Medicine, Target Discovery Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, Oxfordshire, United Kingdom
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6
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Huynh HT, Tsai ST, Hsu PJ, Biswas A, Phan HT, Kuo JL, Ni CK, Chiu CC. Collision-induced dissociation of Na +-tagged ketohexoses: experimental and computational studies on fructose. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:20856-20866. [PMID: 36043336 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp02313j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Collision-induced dissociation tandem mass spectrometry (CID-MSn) and computational investigation at the MP2/6-311+G(d,p) level of theory have been employed to study Na+-tagged fructose, an example of a ketohexose featuring four cyclic isomers: α-fructofuranose (αFruf), β-fructofuranose (βFruf), α-fructopyranose (αFrup), and β-fructopyranose (βFrup). The four isomers can be separated by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and they show different mass spectra, indicating that CID-MSn can distinguish the different fructose forms. Based on a simulation using a micro-kinetic model, we have obtained an overview of the mechanisms for the different dissociation pathways. It has been demonstrated that the preference for the C-C cleavage over the competing isomerization of linear fructose is the main reason for the previously reported differences between the CID-MS spectra of aldohexoses and ketohexoses. In addition, the kinetic modeling helped to confirm the assignment of the different measured mass spectra to the different fructose isomers. The previously reported assignment based on the peak intensities in the HPLC chromatogram had left some open questions as the preference for the dehydration channels did not always follow trends previously observed for aldohexoses. Setting up the kinetic model further enabled us to directly compare the computational and experimental results, which indicated that the model can reproduce most trends in the differences between the dissociation pathways of the four cyclic fructose isomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai Thi Huynh
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan. .,Molecular Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.,Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Ting Tsai
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan. .,Department of Applied Chemistry, National Chiayi University, Chiayi, 60004, Taiwan
| | - Po-Jen Hsu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.
| | - Anik Biswas
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan. .,Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai, 400076, India
| | - Huu Trong Phan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan. .,Molecular Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.,Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Jer-Lai Kuo
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan. .,Molecular Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.,Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan.,International Graduate Program of Molecular Science and Technology (NTU-MST), National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Kung Ni
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan. .,Molecular Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan.,Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Chau Chiu
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan. .,Center for Theoretical and Computational Physics, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
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7
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Nguan HS, Tsai ST, Ni CK. Collision-Induced Dissociation of Cellobiose and Maltose. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:1486-1495. [PMID: 35212541 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c10046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Structure determination is a longstanding bottleneck of carbohydrate research. Tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) is one of the most widely used methods for carbohydrate structure determination. However, the effectiveness of MS/MS depends on how the precursor structures are derived from the observed fragments. Understanding the dissociation mechanisms is crucial for MS/MS-based structure determination. Herein, we investigate the collision-induced dissociation mechanism of β-cellobiose and β-maltose sodium adducts using quantum chemical calculations and experimental measurements. Four dissociation channels are studied. Dehydration mainly occurs through the transfer of an H atom to O1 of the sugar at the reducing end, followed by a C1-O1 bond cleavage; cross-ring dissociation starts with a ring-opening reaction, which occurs through the transfer of an H atom from O1 to O5 of the sugar at the reducing end. These two dissociation channels are analogous to that of glucose monosaccharide. The third channel, generation of B1 and Y1 ions, occurs through the transfer of an H atom from O3 (cellobiose) or O2 (maltose) to O1 of the sugar at the nonreducing end, followed by a glycosidic bond cleavage. The fourth channel, C1-Z1 fragmentation, has two mechanisms: (1) the transfer of an H atom from O3 or O2 to O4 of the sugar at the reducing end to generate C ions in the ring form and (2) the transfer of an H atom from O3 of the sugar at the reducing end to O5 of the sugar at the nonreducing end to produce C ions in the linear form. The results of calculations are supported by experimental collision-induced dissociation spectral measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hock-Seng Nguan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Ting Tsai
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Kung Ni
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.,Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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8
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Liew CY, Chan CK, Huang SP, Cheng YT, Tsai ST, Hsu HC, Wang CC, Ni CK. De novo structural determination of oligosaccharide isomers in glycosphingolipids using logically derived sequence tandem mass spectrometry. Analyst 2021; 146:7345-7357. [PMID: 34766961 DOI: 10.1039/d1an01448j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Despite the importance of carbohydrates in biological systems, structural determination of carbohydrates remains difficult because of the large number of isomers. In this study, a new mass spectrometry method, namely logically derived sequence tandem mass spectrometry (LODES/MSn), was developed to characterize oligosaccharide structures. In this approach, sequential collision-induced dissociation (CID) of oligosaccharides is performed in an ion trap mass spectrometer to identify the linkage position, anomeric configuration, and stereoisomers of each monosaccharide in the oligosaccharides. The CID sequences are derived from carbohydrate dissociation mechanisms. LODES/MSn does not require oligosaccharide standards or the prior knowledge of the rules and principles of biosynthetic pathways; thus LODES/MSn is particularly useful for the investigation of undiscovered oligosaccharides. We demonstrated that the structure of core oligosaccharides in glycosphingolipids can be identified from more than 500 000 isomers using LODES/MSn. The same method can be applied for determining the structures of other oligosaccharides, such as N-, and O-glycans, and free oligosaccharides in milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chia Yen Liew
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.,International Graduate Program of Molecular Science and Technology, National Taiwan University (NTU-MST), Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.,an International Graduate Program (TIGP) of Molecular Science and Technology (MST), Academia Sinica, Taiw, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chieh-Kai Chan
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Pei Huang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Cheng
- Institute of Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Ting Tsai
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hsu Chen Hsu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | | | - Chi-Kung Ni
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.,Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan.
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9
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Aissa I, Kilár A, Dörnyei Á. Study on the CID Fragmentation Pathways of Deprotonated 4'-Monophosphoryl Lipid A. Molecules 2021; 26:5961. [PMID: 34641505 PMCID: PMC8512036 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26195961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 09/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid A, the membrane-bound phosphoglycolipid component of bacteria, is held responsible for the clinical syndrome of gram-negative sepsis. In this study, the fragmentation behavior of a set of synthetic lipid A derivatives was studied by electrospray ionization multistage mass spectrometry (ESI-MSn), in conjunction with tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS), using low-energy collision-induced dissociation (CID). Genealogical insight about the fragmentation pathways of the deprotonated 4'-monophosphoryl lipid A structural analogs led to proposals of a number of alternative dissociation routes that have not been reported previously. Each of the fragment ions was interpreted using various possible mechanisms, consistent with the principles of reactions described in organic chemistry. Specifically, the hypothesized mechanisms are: (i) cleavage of the C-3 primary fatty acid leaves behind an epoxide group attached to the reducing sugar; (ii) cleavage of the C-3' primary fatty acid (as an acid) generates a cyclic phosphate connected to the nonreducing sugar; (iii) cleavage of the C-2' secondary fatty acid occurs both in acid and ketene forms; iv) the C-2 and C-2' primary fatty acids are eliminated as an amide and ketene, respectively; (v) the 0,2A2 cross-ring fragment contains a four-membered ring (oxetanose); (vi) the 0,4A2 ion is consecutively formed from the 0,2A2 ion by retro-aldol, retro-cycloaddition, and transesterification; and (vii) formations of H2PO4- and PO3- are associated with the formation of sugar epoxide. An understanding of the relation between 0,2A2 and 0,4A2-type sugar fragments and the different cleavage mechanisms of the two ester-linked primary fatty acids is invaluable for distinguishing lipid A isomers with different locations of a single ester-linked fatty acid (i.e., at C-3 or C-3'). Thus, in addition to a better comprehension of lipid A fragmentation processes in mass spectrometers, our observations can be applied for a more precise elucidation of naturally occurring lipid A structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibrahim Aissa
- Department of Analytical and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Ifjúság útja 6, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary;
| | - Anikó Kilár
- Institute of Bioanalysis, Medical School and Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Szigeti út 12, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary;
| | - Ágnes Dörnyei
- Department of Analytical and Environmental Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Pécs, Ifjúság útja 6, H-7624 Pécs, Hungary;
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10
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Tsai ST, Nguan HS, Ni CK. Identification of Anomericity and Linkage of Arabinose and Ribose through Collision-Induced Dissociation. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:6109-6121. [PMID: 34256570 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c03854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Arabinose and ribose are two common pentoses that exist in both furanose and pyranose forms in plant and bacteria oligosaccharides. In this study, each pentose isomer, namely α-furanose, β-furanose, α-pyranose, and β-pyranose, was first separated through high-performance liquid chromatography followed by an investigation of collision-induced dissociation in an ion trap mass spectrometer. The major dissociation channels, dehydration and cross-ring dissociation, were analyzed by using high-level quantum chemistry calculations and transition state theory. The branching ratio of major dissociation channels was governed by two geometrical features: one being the cis or trans configuration of O1 and O2 atoms determining dehydration preferability and the other being the number of hydroxyl groups on the same side of the ring as the O1 atom determining the preferability of cross-ring dissociation. The relative branching ratios of the major channels were used to identify anomericity and the linkages of arabinose and ribose. Arabinose in the β-configuration and ribose in the α-configuration are predicted to have larger relative dehydration branching ratios than arabinose in the α-configuration and ribose in the β-configuration, respectively. Arabinose and ribose at the reducing end of oligosaccharides with 1 → 2 (pyranose and furanose), 1 → 3 (pyranose and furanose), 1 → 4 (pyranose only), and 1 → 5 (furanose only) linkages are predicted to undergo 0,2X, 0,3X, 0,2A, and 0,2A/0,3A cross-ring dissociation, respectively. Application of the dissociation mechanism to the disaccharide linkage determination is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Ting Tsai
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hock-Seng Nguan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Kung Ni
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P.O. Box 23-166, Taipei 10617, Taiwan.,Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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11
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Nguan HS, Tsai ST, Chen JL, Hsu PJ, Kuo JL, Ni CK. Collision-induced dissociation of xylose and its applications in linkage and anomericity identification. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:3485-3495. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp05868h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Different dehydration barrier heights result in different branching ratio, a simple and fast anomeric configuration identification for xylose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hock-Seng Nguan
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
| | - Shang-Ting Tsai
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
| | - Jien-Lian Chen
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
| | - Po-Jen Hsu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
| | - Jer-Lai Kuo
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
| | - Chi-Kung Ni
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
- Department of Chemistry
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12
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Huang SP, Hsu HC, Liew CY, Tsai ST, Ni CK. Logically derived sequence tandem mass spectrometry for structural determination of Galactose oligosaccharides. Glycoconj J 2020; 38:177-189. [PMID: 32062823 DOI: 10.1007/s10719-020-09915-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2019] [Revised: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry has high sensitivity and is widely used in the identification of molecular structures, however, the structural determination of oligosaccharides through mass spectrometry is still challenging. A novel method, namely the logically derived sequence (LODES) tandem mass spectrometry (MSn), for the structural determination of underivatized oligosaccharides was developed. This method, which is based on the dissociation mechanisms, involves sequential low-energy collision-induced dissociation (CID) of sodium ion adducts, a logical sequence for identifying the structurally decisive product ions for subsequent CID, and a specially prepared disaccharide CID spectrum database. In this work, we reported the assignment of the specially prepared galactose disaccharide CID spectra. We used galactose trisaccharides and tetrasaccharides as examples to demonstrate LODES/MSn is a general method that can be used for the structural determination of hexose oligosaccharides. LODES/MSn has the potential to be extended to oligosaccharides containing other monosaccharides provided the dissociation mechanisms are understood and the corresponding disaccharide database is available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shih-Pei Huang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P. O. Box 23-166, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Hsu Chen Hsu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P. O. Box 23-166, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chia Yen Liew
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P. O. Box 23-166, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan.,Molecular Science and Technology, Taiwan International Graduate Program, Academia Sinica and National Taiwan University, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Ting Tsai
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P. O. Box 23-166, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Kung Ni
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, P. O. Box 23-166, Taipei, 10617, Taiwan. .,Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan.
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13
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Chiu CC, Lin CK, Kuo JL. Improved agreement between experimental and computational results for collision-induced dissociation mass spectrometry of cation-tagged hexoses. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:6928-6941. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp00286k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Low exact exchange DFT methods underestimate the dehydration barriers as the charge localization in such transition states is challenging to describe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-chau Chiu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei City 10617
- Taiwan
| | - Chih-Kai Lin
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei City 10617
- Taiwan
| | - Jer-Lai Kuo
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences
- Academia Sinica
- Taipei City 10617
- Taiwan
| |
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