1
|
Malik SA, Mondal S, Atreya HS. Alpha-Synuclein Aggregation Mechanism in the Presence of Nanomaterials. Biochemistry 2024; 63:1162-1169. [PMID: 38668883 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.3c00624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by the toxic oligomeric and fibrillar phases formed by monomeric alpha-synuclein (α-syn). Certain nanoparticles have been demonstrated to promote protein aggregation, while other nanomaterials have been found to prevent the process. In the current work, we use nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in conjunction with isothermal titration calorimetry to investigate the cause and mechanism of these opposing effects at the amino acid protein level. The interaction of α-syn with two types of nanomaterials was considered: citrate-capped gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) and graphene oxide (GO). In the presence of AuNPs, α-syn aggregation is accelerated, whereas in the presence of GO, aggregation is prevented. The study indicates that GO sequesters the NAC region of α-syn monomers through electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions, leading to a reduced elongation rate, and AuNPs leave the NAC region exposed while binding the N-terminus, leading to higher aggregation. The protein's inclination toward quicker aggregation is explained by the binding of the N-terminus of α-syn with the gold nanoparticles. Conversely, a comparatively stronger interaction with GO causes the nucleation and growth phases to be postponed and inhibits intermolecular interactions. Our finding offers novel experimental insights at the residue level regarding the aggregation of α-syn in the presence of various nanomaterials and creates new opportunities for the development of suitably functionalized nanomaterial-based therapeutic reagents against Parkinson's and other neurodegenerative diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shahid A Malik
- Department of Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
- The John Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, United States
| | - Somnath Mondal
- Department of Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
- Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Hanudatta S Atreya
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Galvagnion C, Barclay A, Makasewicz K, Marlet FR, Moulin M, Devos JM, Linse S, Martel A, Porcar L, Sparr E, Pedersen MC, Roosen-Runge F, Arleth L, Buell AK. Structural characterisation of α-synuclein-membrane interactions and the resulting aggregation using small angle scattering. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:10998-11013. [PMID: 38526443 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp05928f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
The presence of amyloid fibrils is a hallmark of several neurodegenerative diseases. Some amyloidogenic proteins, such as α-synuclein and amyloid β, interact with lipids, and this interaction can strongly favour the formation of amyloid fibrils. In particular the primary nucleation step, i.e. the de novo formation of amyloid fibrils, has been shown to be accelerated by lipids. However, the exact mechanism of this acceleration is still mostly unclear. Here we use a range of scattering methods, such as dynamic light scattering (DLS) and small angle X-ray and neutron scattering (SAXS and SANS) to obtain structural information on the binding of α-synuclein to model membranes formed from negatively charged lipids and their co-assembly into amyloid fibrils. We find that the model membranes take an active role in the reaction. The binding of α synuclein to the model membranes immediately induces a major structural change in the lipid assembly, which leads to a break-up into small and mostly disc- or rod-like lipid-protein particles. This transition can be reversed by temperature changes or proteolytic protein removal. Incubation of the small lipid-α-synuclein particles for several hours, however, leads to amyloid fibril formation, whereby the lipids are incorporated into the amyloid fibrils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Céline Galvagnion
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Abigail Barclay
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Katarzyna Makasewicz
- Division of Physical Chemistry, Center for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-22100, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Martine Moulin
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Juliette M Devos
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Sara Linse
- Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Lund University, SE22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Anne Martel
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Lionel Porcar
- Institut Laue-Langevin, 71 avenue des Martyrs, 38042 Grenoble, France
| | - Emma Sparr
- Division of Physical Chemistry, Center for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-22100, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Felix Roosen-Runge
- Division of Physical Chemistry, Center for Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-22100, Lund, Sweden
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biofilms Research Center for Biointerfaces, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Lise Arleth
- Niels Bohr Institute, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Alexander K Buell
- Department of Biotechnology and Biomedicine, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Andersson A, Linse S, Sparr E, Fornasier M, Jönsson P. The density of anionic lipids modulates the adsorption of α-Synuclein onto lipid membranes. Biophys Chem 2024; 305:107143. [PMID: 38100855 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2023.107143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
α-Synuclein is an intrinsically disordered presynaptic protein associated with Parkinson's disease. The physiological role of α-Synuclein is not fully understood, but the protein is known to interact with lipid membranes. We here study how membrane charge affects the adsorption of α-Synuclein to (i) supported lipid bilayers and (ii) small unilamellar vesicles with varying amounts of anionic lipids. The results showed that α-Synuclein adsorbs onto membranes containing ≥5% anionic phosphatidylserine (DOPS) lipids, but not to membranes containing ≤1% DOPS. The density of adsorbed α-Synuclein increased steadily with the DOPS content up to 20% DOPS, after which it leveled off. The vesicles were saturated with α-Synuclein at a 3-5 times higher protein density compared to the supported bilayers, which suggests that a more deformable membrane binds more α-Synuclein. Altogether, the results show that both membrane charge density and flexibility influence the association of α-Synuclein to lipid membranes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sara Linse
- Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Emma Sparr
- Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Peter Jönsson
- Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ramirez J, Pancoe SX, Rhoades E, Petersson EJ. The Effects of Lipids on α-Synuclein Aggregation In Vitro. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1476. [PMID: 37892158 PMCID: PMC10604467 DOI: 10.3390/biom13101476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The small neuronal protein α-synuclein (αS) is found in pre-synaptic terminals and plays a role in vesicle recycling and neurotransmission. Fibrillar aggregates of αS are the hallmark of Parkinson's disease and related neurodegenerative disorders. In both health and disease, interactions with lipids influence αS's structure and function, prompting much study of the effects of lipids on αS aggregation. A comprehensive collection (126 examples) of aggregation rate data for various αS/lipid combinations was presented, including combinations of lipid variations and mutations or post-translational modifications of αS. These data were interpreted in terms of lipid structure to identify general trends. These tabulated data serve as a resource for the community to help in the interpretation of aggregation experiments with lipids and to be potentially used as inputs for computational models of lipid effects on aggregation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Ramirez
- Graduate Group in Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 421 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA;
| | - Samantha X. Pancoe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Elizabeth Rhoades
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 421 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - E. James Petersson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, 231 South 34th Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 421 Curie Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Roeters SJ, Strunge K, Pedersen KB, Golbek TW, Bregnhøj M, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Dong M, Nielsen J, Otzen DE, Schiøtt B, Weidner T. Elevated concentrations cause upright alpha-synuclein conformation at lipid interfaces. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5731. [PMID: 37723164 PMCID: PMC10507035 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-39843-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The amyloid aggregation of α-synuclein (αS), related to Parkinson's disease, can be catalyzed by lipid membranes. Despite the importance of lipid surfaces, the 3D-structure and orientation of lipid-bound αS is still not known in detail. Here, we report interface-specific vibrational sum-frequency generation (VSFG) experiments that reveal how monomeric αS binds to an anionic lipid interface over a large range of αS-lipid ratios. To interpret the experimental data, we present a frame-selection method ("ViscaSelect") in which out-of-equilibrium molecular dynamics simulations are used to generate structural hypotheses that are compared to experimental amide-I spectra via excitonic spectral calculations. At low and physiological αS concentrations, we derive flat-lying helical structures as previously reported. However, at elevated and potentially disease-related concentrations, a transition to interface-protruding αS structures occurs. Such an upright conformation promotes lateral interactions between αS monomers and may explain how lipid membranes catalyze the formation of αS amyloids at elevated protein concentrations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steven J Roeters
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.
- Department of Anatomy and Neurosciences, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1108, 1081 HZ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Kris Strunge
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Kasper B Pedersen
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Thaddeus W Golbek
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Mikkel Bregnhøj
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Yuge Zhang
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Yin Wang
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Mingdong Dong
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Janni Nielsen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Daniel E Otzen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Birgit Schiøtt
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Tobias Weidner
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Stephens AD, Villegas AF, Chung CW, Vanderpoorten O, Pinotsi D, Mela I, Ward E, McCoy TM, Cubitt R, Routh AF, Kaminski CF, Kaminski Schierle GS. α-Synuclein fibril and synaptic vesicle interactions lead to vesicle destruction and increased lipid-associated fibril uptake into iPSC-derived neurons. Commun Biol 2023; 6:526. [PMID: 37188797 PMCID: PMC10185682 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-023-04884-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Monomeric alpha-synuclein (aSyn) is a well characterised protein that importantly binds to lipids. aSyn monomers assemble into amyloid fibrils which are localised to lipids and organelles in insoluble structures found in Parkinson's disease patient's brains. Previous work to address pathological aSyn-lipid interactions has focused on using synthetic lipid membranes, which lack the complexity of physiological lipid membranes. Here, we use physiological membranes in the form of synaptic vesicles (SV) isolated from rodent brain to demonstrate that lipid-associated aSyn fibrils are more easily taken up into iPSC-derived cortical i3Neurons. Lipid-associated aSyn fibril characterisation reveals that SV lipids are an integrated part of the fibrils and while their fibril morphology differs from aSyn fibrils alone, the core fibril structure remains the same, suggesting the lipids lead to the increase in fibril uptake. Furthermore, SV enhance the aggregation rate of aSyn, yet increasing the SV:aSyn ratio causes a reduction in aggregation propensity. We finally show that aSyn fibrils disintegrate SV, whereas aSyn monomers cause clustering of SV using small angle neutron scattering and high-resolution imaging. Disease burden on neurons may be impacted by an increased uptake of lipid-associated aSyn which could enhance stress and pathology, which in turn may have fatal consequences for neurons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amberley D Stephens
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Ana Fernandez Villegas
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Chyi Wei Chung
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Physics, Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Oliver Vanderpoorten
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Physics and Technology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Dorothea Pinotsi
- Scientific Center for Optical and Electron Microscopy, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Ioanna Mela
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Edward Ward
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Thomas M McCoy
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Alexander F Routh
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Clemens F Kaminski
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Qi Z, Wan M, Zhang J, Li Z. Influence of Cholesterol on the Membrane Binding and Conformation of α-Synuclein. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:1956-1964. [PMID: 36812386 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c08077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
The α-Synuclein (α-Syn) plays an important role in the pathology of Parkinson's disease (PD), and its oligomers and fibrils are toxic to the nervous system. As organisms age, the cholesterol content in biological membranes increases, which is a potential cause of PD. Cholesterol may affect the membrane binding of α-Syn and its abnormal aggregation, but the mechanism remains unclear. Here, we present our molecular dynamics simulation studies on the interaction between α-Syn and lipid membranes, with or without cholesterol. It is demonstrated that cholesterol provides additional hydrogen bond interaction with α-Syn; however, the coulomb interaction and hydrophobic interaction between α-Syn and lipid membranes could be weakened by cholesterol. In addition, cholesterol leads to the shrinking of lipid packing defects and the decrease of lipid fluidity, thereby shortening the membrane binding region of α-Syn. Under these multifaceted effects of cholesterol, membrane-bound α-Syn shows signs of forming a β-sheet structure, which may further induce the formation of abnormal α-Syn fibrils. These results provide important information for the understanding of membrane binding of α-Syn, and they are expected to promote the bridging between cholesterol and the pathological aggregation of α-Syn.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziqiang Qi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Menglin Wan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Zhen Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Ma L, Li X, Petersen RB, Peng A, Huang K. Probing the interactions between amyloidogenic proteins and bio-membranes. Biophys Chem 2023; 296:106984. [PMID: 36889133 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2023.106984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
Abstract
Protein misfolding diseases (PMDs) in humans are characterized by the deposition of protein aggregates in tissues, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, type 2 diabetes, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. Misfolding and aggregation of amyloidogenic proteins play a central role in the onset and progression of PMDs, and these processes are regulated by multiple factors, especially the interaction between proteins and bio-membranes. Bio-membranes induce conformational changes in amyloidogenic proteins and affect their aggregation; on the other hand, the aggregates of amyloidogenic proteins may cause membrane damage or dysfunction leading to cytotoxicity. In this review, we summarize the factors that affect the binding of amyloidogenic proteins and membranes, the effects of bio-membranes on the aggregation of amyloidogenic proteins, mechanisms of membrane disruption by amyloidogenic aggregates, technical approaches for detecting these interactions, and finally therapeutic strategies targeting membrane damage caused by amyloidogenic proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liang Ma
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan Mental Health Center, Wuhan, China; Department of Pharmacy, Wuhan Hospital for Psychotherapy, Wuhan, China
| | - Xi Li
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Robert B Petersen
- Foundational Sciences, Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Mount Pleasant, MI, USA
| | - Anlin Peng
- Department of Pharmacy, The Third Hospital of Wuhan, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
| | - Kun Huang
- Tongji School of Pharmacy, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kozlov MM, Taraska JW. Generation of nanoscopic membrane curvature for membrane trafficking. Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol 2023; 24:63-78. [PMID: 35918535 DOI: 10.1038/s41580-022-00511-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Curved membranes are key features of intracellular organelles, and their generation involves dynamic protein complexes. Here we describe the fundamental mechanisms such as the hydrophobic insertion, scaffolding and crowding mechanisms these proteins use to produce membrane curvatures and complex shapes required to form intracellular organelles and vesicular structures involved in endocytosis and secretion. For each mechanism, we discuss its cellular functions as well as the underlying physical principles and the specific membrane properties required for the mechanism to be feasible. We propose that the integration of individual mechanisms into a highly controlled, robust process of curvature generation often relies on the assembly of proteins into coats. How cells unify and organize the curvature-generating factors at the nanoscale is presented for three ubiquitous coats central for membrane trafficking in eukaryotes: clathrin-coated pits, caveolae, and COPI and COPII coats. The emerging theme is that these coats arrange and coordinate curvature-generating factors in time and space to dynamically shape membranes to accomplish membrane trafficking within cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael M Kozlov
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
| | - Justin W Taraska
- Biochemistry and Biophysics Center, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Dubackic M, Liu Y, Kelley EG, Hetherington C, Haertlein M, Devos JM, Linse S, Sparr E, Olsson U. α-Synuclein Interaction with Lipid Bilayer Discs. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:10216-10224. [PMID: 35952001 PMCID: PMC9404543 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c01368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
α-Synuclein (aSyn) is a 140 residue long protein present in presynaptic termini of nerve cells. The protein is associated with Parkinson's disease, in which case it has been found to self-assemble into long amyloid fibrils forming intracellular inclusions that are also rich in lipids. Furthermore, its synaptic function is proposed to involve interaction with lipid membranes, and hence, it is of interest to understand aSyn-lipid membrane interactions in detail. In this paper we report on the interaction of aSyn with model membranes in the form of lipid bilayer discs. Using a combination of cryogenic transmission electron microscopy and small-angle neutron scattering, we show that circular discs undergo a significant shape transition after the adsorption of aSyn. When aSyn self-assembles into fibrils, aSyn molecules desorb from the bilayer discs, allowing them to recover to their original shape. Interestingly, the desorption process has an all-or-none character, resulting in a binary coexistence of circular bilayer discs with no adsorbed aSyn and deformed bilayer discs having a maximum amount of adsorbed protein. The observed coexistence is consistent with the recent finding of cooperative aSyn adsorption to anionic lipid bilayers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marija Dubackic
- Physical
Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lund
University, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Yun Liu
- Center
for Neutron Research, National Institute
of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
- Chemical
and Biomolecular Engineering Department, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Elizabeth G. Kelley
- Center
for Neutron Research, National Institute
of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20878, United States
| | - Crispin Hetherington
- National
Center for High Resolution Electron Microscopy, Centre for Analysis
and Synthesis, Chemistry Centre, Lund University, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | | | | | - Sara Linse
- Biochemistry
and Structural Biology, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Emma Sparr
- Physical
Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lund
University, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| | - Ulf Olsson
- Physical
Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lund
University, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Larsen AH. Molecular Dynamics Simulations of Curved Lipid Membranes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158098. [PMID: 35897670 PMCID: PMC9331392 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotic cells contain membranes with various curvatures, from the near-plane plasma membrane to the highly curved membranes of organelles, vesicles, and membrane protrusions. These curvatures are generated and sustained by curvature-inducing proteins, peptides, and lipids, and describing these mechanisms is an important scientific challenge. In addition to that, some molecules can sense membrane curvature and thereby be trafficked to specific locations. The description of curvature sensing is another fundamental challenge. Curved lipid membranes and their interplay with membrane-associated proteins can be investigated with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. Various methods for simulating curved membranes with MD are discussed here, including tools for setting up simulation of vesicles and methods for sustaining membrane curvature. The latter are divided into methods that exploit scaffolding virtual beads, methods that use curvature-inducing molecules, and methods applying virtual forces. The variety of simulation tools allow researcher to closely match the conditions of experimental studies of membrane curvatures.
Collapse
|
12
|
Improvement of synaptic plasticity by nanoparticles and the related mechanisms: Applications and prospects. J Control Release 2022; 347:143-163. [PMID: 35513209 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.04.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Synaptic plasticity is an important basis of learning and memory and participates in brain network remodelling after different types of brain injury (such as that caused by neurodegenerative diseases, cerebral ischaemic injury, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and psychiatric disorders). Therefore, improving synaptic plasticity is particularly important for the treatment of nervous system-related diseases. With the rapid development of nanotechnology, increasing evidence has shown that nanoparticles (NPs) can cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in different ways, directly or indirectly act on nerve cells, regulate synaptic plasticity, and ultimately improve nerve function. Therefore, to better elucidate the effect of NPs on synaptic plasticity, we review evidence showing that NPs can improve synaptic plasticity by regulating different influencing factors, such as neurotransmitters, receptors, presynaptic membrane proteins and postsynaptic membrane proteins, and further discuss the possible mechanism by which NPs improve synaptic plasticity. We conclude that NPs can improve synaptic plasticity and restore the function of damaged nerves by inhibiting neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, inducing autophagy, and regulating ion channels on the cell membrane. By reviewing the mechanism by which NPs regulate synaptic plasticity and the applications of NPs for the treatment of neurological diseases, we also propose directions for future research in this field and provide an important reference for follow-up research.
Collapse
|
13
|
Jadavi S, Canepa E, Diaspro A, Canale C, Relini A, Dante S. α-Synuclein interacts differently with membranes mimicking the inner and outer leaflets of neuronal membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA. BIOMEMBRANES 2022; 1864:183814. [PMID: 34774499 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2021.183814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The toxicity of α-synuclein (α-syn), the amyloidogenic protein responsible for Parkinson's disease, is likely related to its interaction with the asymmetric neuronal membrane. α-Syn exists as cytoplasmatic and as extracellular protein as well. To shed light on the different interactions occurring at the different α-syn localizations, we have here modelled the external and internal membrane leaflets of the neuronal membrane with two complex lipid mixtures, characterized by phase coexistence and with negative charge confined to either the ordered or the disordered phase, respectively. To this purpose, we selected a five-component (DOPC/SM/DOPE/DOPS/chol) and a four-component (DOPC/SM/GM1/chol) lipid mixtures, which contained the main membrane lipid constituents and exhibited a phase separation with formation of ordered domains. We have compared the action of α-syn in monomeric form and at different concentrations (1 nM, 40 nM, and 200 nM) with respect to lipid systems with different composition and shape by AFM, QCM-D, and vesicle leakage experiments. The experiments coherently showed a higher stability of the membranes composed by the internal leaflet mixture to the interaction with α-syn. Damage to membranes made of the external leaflet mixture was detected in a concentration-dependent manner. Interestingly, the membrane damage was related to the fluidity of the lipid domains and not to the presence of negatively charged lipids.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samira Jadavi
- Nanoscopy, CHT Erzelli, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Enrico Melen 83, Building B, 16152 Genova, Italy; Department of Physics, University of Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Ester Canepa
- Department of Physics, University of Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Alberto Diaspro
- Nanoscopy, CHT Erzelli, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Enrico Melen 83, Building B, 16152 Genova, Italy; Department of Physics, University of Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Claudio Canale
- Department of Physics, University of Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Annalisa Relini
- Department of Physics, University of Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, 16146 Genova, Italy.
| | - Silvia Dante
- Materials Characterization Facility, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Cholesterol plays a decisive role in tetraspanin assemblies during bilayer deformations. Biosystems 2021; 209:104505. [PMID: 34403719 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystems.2021.104505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The tetraspanin family plays key roles in many physiological processes, such as, tumour invasion, cell motility, virus infection, cell attachment and entry. Tetraspanins function as molecular scaffolds organized in microdomains with interesting downstream cellular consequences. However, despite their relevance in human physiology, the precise mechanisms of their various functions remain elusive. In particular, the full-length CD81 tetraspanin has interesting cholesterol-related properties that modulate its activity in cells. In this work, we study the opening transition of CD81 under different conditions. We propose that such conformational change is a collaborative process enhanced by simultaneous interactions between multiple identical CD81 tetraspanins. With molecular dynamics simulations we describe the crucial role of a ternary lipid bilayer with cholesterol in CD81 conformational dynamics, observing two emergent properties: first, clusters of CD81 collectively segregate one tetraspanin while favouring one opening transition, second, cumulative cholesterol sequestering by CD81 tetraspanins inhibits large membrane deformations due to local density variations.
Collapse
|