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Lee D, Lee D, Lee S, Park HJ, Han KN, Choi SJ, Kim YH, Kim J. Electric Field-Assisted Agglomeration of Trace Nanoparticle Impurities for Ultrahigh Purity Chemicals. JACS AU 2024; 4:1031-1038. [PMID: 38559726 PMCID: PMC10976593 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
With the advancement of semiconductor manufacturing technology, the effects of trace impurities in industrial chemicals have grown significantly. In industrial processes, conventional purification methods, such as filtration and distillation, have reached their limits for removing nanoparticles from aqueous and acidic solutions. Especially, silicon and silicate are two fundamental byproducts in semiconductor fabrication processes. Assembly and subsequent removal of these materials at the nanoparticle level have been confronted with significant challenges. Therefore, it is imperative to develop technologies to effectively control and remove these impurities for next-generation manufacturing processes. In this study, we explored the use of electric field-assisted assembly to agglomerate silicate and silicon nanoparticles in industry-standard aqueous and acidic solutions. By applying an alternating current electric field, we induced dipole moments in the nanoparticles, which led to their agglomeration. Notably, nanoparticles smaller than 4 nm grew into significantly larger ones, with submicroparticle sizes exceeding 87 nm for silicate and reaching 130 nm for silicon. Through systematic analysis of the size distribution changes, we identified optimal agglomeration times of 10 min for silicate and 20 min for silicon, revealing effective agglomeration within the frequency range of 1-1000 kHz. The agglomerated particles were stable for 5 days. Our electric field-assisted approach to obtain assembled nanoparticles that can be subsequently removed by conventional purification processes holds promise for enhancing future microfabrication processes, such as semiconductor manufacturing, potentially improving the manufacturing yield and uniformity by reducing the number of trace particles that can act as defective sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongryul Lee
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, South Korea
| | - Donggyu Lee
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
| | - Sungjune Lee
- Material
Technology Team, Samsung Electronics, Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi-do 18448, South Korea
| | - Hee Jeong Park
- Material
Technology Team, Samsung Electronics, Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi-do 18448, South Korea
| | - Kuk Nam Han
- Material
Technology Team, Samsung Electronics, Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi-do 18448, South Korea
| | - Sam-Jong Choi
- Material
Technology Team, Samsung Electronics, Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi-do 18448, South Korea
| | - Yun Ho Kim
- Material
Technology Team, Samsung Electronics, Hwaseong-si, Gyeonggi-do 18448, South Korea
| | - Jihyun Kim
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, South Korea
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Yuan J, Wang Z, Dong J, Gao M, Yang F, Sun H. Effect of resveratrol on SH-SY5Y cells studied by atomic force microscopy. Micron 2024; 177:103577. [PMID: 38141333 DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2023.103577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, the effects of resveratrol on the viability, morphology, biomechanics and bioelectricity of SH-SY5Y cells were studied by atomic force microscopy. MTT assay showed that resveratrol had a dose effect on SH-SY5Y cells, and its activity was related to drug concentration and drug action time. With the increase of resveratrol concentration or the extension of action time, the activity of SH-SY5Y cells decreased obviously. Atomic force microscope (AFM) was employed to quantitatively analyze the physical changes of cells. AFM study shows that resveratrol can transform SH-SY5Y cells from spindle to sphere, and increase the cell height and decrease the cell adhesion. Also, the elastic modulus increases under the action of low concentration of resveratrol decreases under the action of high concentration of resveratrol, and the electric signal decreases. This study reveals the impact of resveratrol on SH-SY5Y cells from the biological and biophysical perspectives, which is helpful for a more comprehensive understanding of the interaction mechanism between resveratrol and SH-SY5Y cells. These techniques have potential applications in evaluating the effects of chemical substances on cells and screening targeted drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayao Yuan
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, China; Centre for Opto/Bio-Nano Measurement and Manufacturing, Zhongshan Institute of Changchun University of Science and Technology, Zhongshan, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, China
| | - Zuobin Wang
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, China; Centre for Opto/Bio-Nano Measurement and Manufacturing, Zhongshan Institute of Changchun University of Science and Technology, Zhongshan, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, China; JR3CN & IRAC, University of Bedfordshire, Luton, UK.
| | - Jianjun Dong
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, China; Centre for Opto/Bio-Nano Measurement and Manufacturing, Zhongshan Institute of Changchun University of Science and Technology, Zhongshan, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, China
| | - Mingyan Gao
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, China; Centre for Opto/Bio-Nano Measurement and Manufacturing, Zhongshan Institute of Changchun University of Science and Technology, Zhongshan, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, China
| | - Fan Yang
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, China; Centre for Opto/Bio-Nano Measurement and Manufacturing, Zhongshan Institute of Changchun University of Science and Technology, Zhongshan, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, China
| | - Hao Sun
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, China; Centre for Opto/Bio-Nano Measurement and Manufacturing, Zhongshan Institute of Changchun University of Science and Technology, Zhongshan, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun, China
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Li R, Madhvacharyula AS, Du Y, Adepu HK, Choi JH. Mechanics of dynamic and deformable DNA nanostructures. Chem Sci 2023; 14:8018-8046. [PMID: 37538812 PMCID: PMC10395309 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc01793a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
In DNA nanotechnology, DNA molecules are designed, engineered, and assembled into arbitrary-shaped architectures with predesigned functions. Static DNA assemblies often have delicate designs with structural rigidity to overcome thermal fluctuations. Dynamic structures reconfigure in response to external cues, which have been explored to create functional nanodevices for environmental sensing and other applications. However, the precise control of reconfiguration dynamics has been a challenge due partly to flexible single-stranded DNA connections between moving parts. Deformable structures are special dynamic constructs with deformation on double-stranded parts and single-stranded hinges during transformation. These structures often have better control in programmed deformation. However, related deformability and mechanics including transformation mechanisms are not well understood or documented. In this review, we summarize the development of dynamic and deformable DNA nanostructures from a mechanical perspective. We present deformation mechanisms such as single-stranded DNA hinges with lock-and-release pairs, jack edges, helicity modulation, and external loading. Theoretical and computational models are discussed for understanding their associated deformations and mechanics. We elucidate the pros and cons of each model and recommend design processes based on the models. The design guidelines should be useful for those who have limited knowledge in mechanics as well as expert DNA designers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixin Li
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University 585 Purdue Mall West Lafayette Indiana 47907 USA
| | - Anirudh S Madhvacharyula
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University 585 Purdue Mall West Lafayette Indiana 47907 USA
| | - Yancheng Du
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University 585 Purdue Mall West Lafayette Indiana 47907 USA
| | - Harshith K Adepu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University 585 Purdue Mall West Lafayette Indiana 47907 USA
| | - Jong Hyun Choi
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University 585 Purdue Mall West Lafayette Indiana 47907 USA
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Gao M, Hu J, Wang J, Liu M, Zhu X, Saeed S, Hu C, Song Z, Xu H, Wang Z. Self-Assembly of DNA molecules in magnetic Fields. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 33:065603. [PMID: 34087806 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac084f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a rich variety of self-assembled DNA patterns were obtained in the magnetic field. Herein, atomic force microscopy (AFM) was utilized to investigate the effects of the concentration of DNA solution, intensity and direction of magnetic field and modification of mica surface by different cations on the self-assembly of DNA molecules. It was found that owning to the change of the DNA concentration, even under the same magnetic field, the DNA self-assembly results were different. Thein situtest results showed that the DNA self-assembly in an magnetic field was more likely to occur in liquid phase than in gas phase. In addition, whether in a horizontal or vertical magnetic field, a single stretched dsDNA was obtained in a certain DNA concentration and magnetic field intensity. Besides, the modification of cations on the mica surface significantly increased the force between the DNA molecules and mica surface, and further changed the self-assembly of DNA molecules under the action of magnetic field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingyan Gao
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Hu
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianfei Wang
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengnan Liu
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaona Zhu
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Sadaf Saeed
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuihua Hu
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengxun Song
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongmei Xu
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Zuobin Wang
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
- JR3CN & IRAC, University of Bedfordshire, Luton LU1 3JU, United Kingdom
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5
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Wang Y, Xie Y, Gao M, Zhang W, Liu L, Qu Y, Wang J, Hu C, Song Z, Wang Z. Electrical conductivity measurement of λDNA molecules by conductive atomic force microscopy. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 33:055301. [PMID: 34134105 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac0be6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Conductive atomic force microscopy (C-AFM) is a powerful tool used in the microelectronics analysis by applying a certain bias voltage between the conducting probe and the sample and obtaining the electrical information of sample. In this work, the surface morphological information and current images of the lambda DNA (λDNA) molecules with different distributions were obtained by C-AFM. The 1 and 10 ngμl-1DNA solutions were dripped onto mica sheets for making randomly distributed DNA and DNA network samples, and another 1 ngμl-1DNA sample was placed in a DC electric field with a voltage of 2 V before being dried for stretching the DNA sample. The results show that the current flowing through DNA networks was significantly higher than the stretched and random distribution of DNA in the experiment. TheI-Vcurve of DNA networks was obtained by changing the bias voltage of C-AFM from -9 to 9 V. The currents flowing through stretched DNA at different pH values were studied. When the pH was 7, the current was the smallest, and the current was gradually increased as the solution became acidic or alkaline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Wang
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Xie
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Mingyan Gao
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenxiao Zhang
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Lanjiao Liu
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingmin Qu
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Cuihua Hu
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengxun Song
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
| | - Zuobin Wang
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, People's Republic of China
- JR3CN & IRAC, University of Bedfordshire, Luton LU1 3JU, United Kingdom
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Yang F, Wang J, Qu K, Yang X, Liu C, Wang Y, Song Z, Xu H, Chen Y, Wang Z. Dynamic mechanics of HK-2 cell reaction to HG stimulation studied by atomic force microscopy. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2020; 12:5055-5060. [PMID: 33043335 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay01470b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Renal tubular cell injury by exposure to high glucose (HG) stimulation mainly accounts for diabetic nephropathy (DN). To understand the mechanism of injury by HG, quantitative characterization has commonly focused on the cells that are already impaired, which ignores the signals for the process of being injured. In this study, the architecture and morphology of HK-2 cells were observed dynamically by multiple imaging methods. AFM (atomic force microscopy)-based single-cell force spectroscopy was employed to investigate the dynamic mechanics quantitatively. The results showed that the Young's modulus increased continuously from 2.44 kPa up to 4.15 kPa for the whole period of injury by HG, while the surface adhesion decreased from 2.43 nN to 1.63 nN between 12 h and 72 h. In addition, the actin filaments of HK-2 cells exposed to HG depolymerized and then nucleated with increasing Young's modulus. The absence of cell pseudopodia coincided with the reduced cell adhesion, strongly suggesting close relationships between the cell architecture, morphology and mechanical properties. Furthermore, the stages of cell reactions were identified and assessed. Overall, the dynamic mechanics of the cells facilitate the identification of injured cells and the assessment of the degree of injury for accurate diagnoses and treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China. and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China. and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Kaige Qu
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China. and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Xue Yang
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China. and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Chuanzhi Liu
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China. and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China and School of Life Sciences, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Ying Wang
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China. and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Zhengxun Song
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China. and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Hongmei Xu
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China. and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Yujuan Chen
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China. and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China and School of Life Sciences, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Zuobin Wang
- International Research Centre for Nano Handling and Manufacturing of China, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China. and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Cross-Scale Micro and Nano Manufacturing, Changchun University of Science and Technology, Changchun 130022, China and JR3CN & IRAC, University of Bedfordshire, Luton LU1 3JU, UK
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