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Guan Q, Zeng P, Zhang Q, Yu L, Wu G, Hong Y, Wang C. Highly sensitive detection of tryptophan based on Schiff base reaction and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 311:123995. [PMID: 38341934 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.123995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/13/2024]
Abstract
In this study, a simple, rapid and sensitive method combining surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and Schiff base reaction was developed for the detection of tryptophan. This method does not require product separation to obtain a significant Raman signal of the derivatized product, and the derivatization reaction can be controlled by experimental parameters such as reaction temperature, time, concentration of derivatization reagent and concentration of sodium nitrite. The characteristic peak of the derivative of tryptophan (1620 cm-1) was selected for quantitative analysis, and the intensity of the characteristic Raman spectrum peak showed a linear relationship with the concentration of tryptophan (10-8-10-4 mol/L) in the range of with a correlation coefficient R2 of 0.9922. This assay combines surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and Schiff base reaction, which is characterized by high sensitivity and easy operation, and has good application prospects in the detection of tryptophan in food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Guan
- School of Food Science & Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei Zeng
- School of Food Science & Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, People's Republic of China; Technology Center of Nanchang Customs District, Nanchang 330038, People's Republic of China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- School of Food Science & Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, People's Republic of China
| | - Lili Yu
- School of Food Science & Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, People's Republic of China
| | - Guoqiang Wu
- School of Food Science & Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanping Hong
- School of Food Science & Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunrong Wang
- School of Food Science & Engineering, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, People's Republic of China.
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2
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Houghton MC, Kashanian SV, Derrien TL, Masuda K, Vollmer F. Whispering-Gallery Mode Optoplasmonic Microcavities: From Advanced Single-Molecule Sensors and Microlasers to Applications in Synthetic Biology. ACS PHOTONICS 2024; 11:892-903. [PMID: 38523742 PMCID: PMC10958601 DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.3c01570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Optical microcavities, specifically, whispering-gallery mode (WGM) microcavities, with their remarkable sensitivity to environmental changes, have been extensively employed as biosensors, enabling the detection of a wide range of biomolecules and nanoparticles. To push the limits of detection down to the most sensitive single-molecule level, plasmonic nanorods are strategically introduced to enhance the evanescent fields of WGM microcavities. This advancement of optoplasmonic WGM sensors allows for the detection of single molecules of a protein, conformational changes, and even atomic ions, marking significant contributions in single-molecule sensing. This Perspective discusses the exciting research prospects in optoplasmonic WGM sensing of single molecules, including the study of enzyme thermodynamics and kinetics, the emergence of thermo-optoplasmonic sensing, the ultrasensitive single-molecule sensing on WGM microlasers, and applications in synthetic biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew C. Houghton
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Exeter, Exeter
Devon EX4 4QL, United Kingdom
- Department
of Life Sciences, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AX, United Kingdom
| | - Samir Vartabi Kashanian
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Exeter, Exeter
Devon EX4 4QL, United Kingdom
| | - Thomas L. Derrien
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Exeter, Exeter
Devon EX4 4QL, United Kingdom
| | - Koji Masuda
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Exeter, Exeter
Devon EX4 4QL, United Kingdom
| | - Frank Vollmer
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Exeter, Exeter
Devon EX4 4QL, United Kingdom
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3
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Wu M, Flores-Fernandez JM, Wang Y, Ahmed H, Wille H, Stepanova M. SERS probing of fungal HET-s fibrils formed at neutral and acidic pH conditions. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 309:123817. [PMID: 38211445 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Advances in precision medical diagnostics require accurate and sensitive characterization of pathogens. In particular, health conditions associated with protein misfolding require an identification of proteinaceous amyloid fibrils or their precursors. These pathogenic entities express specific molecular structures, which require ultra-sensitive, molecular-level detection methods. A potentially transformative technique termed nanoplasmonics employs electro-optical phenomena in the vicinity of specially engineered metal nanostructures. A signature application of nanoplasmonics exploits enhancement of inelastic scattering of light in specific locations near metallic nanostructures, known as surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). We applied SERS complemented with confocal microscopy imaging for ultra-sensitive, non-invasive, and label-free characterization of the fungal prion HET-s (218-289) as a model for β-sheet rich amyloid structures. This characterization employed Au-coated dielectric supports as plasmonic substrates. After confirming the formation of HET-s fibrils at both pH 7.5 and 2.8 using negative staining transmission electron microscopy, we subjected the fibril-containing solutions to multimodal analysis using confocal microscopy and SERS. The SERS spectral fingerprints from all HET-s samples expressed vibrational markers for β-structure, unstructured backbone, and aromatic side-chains. However, relative intensities of major SERS bands were pronouncedly different for the two pH levels. We have analyzed potential origins of the most pronounced SERS bands and proposed hypothetical mechanistic models that could explain the observed SERS fingerprints from HET-s fibrils grown at pH 7.5 and 2.8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 1H9, AB, Canada
| | - Jose Miguel Flores-Fernandez
- Department of Biochemistry & Centre for Prions and Protein Folding Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2M8, AB, Canada; Department of Research and Innovation, Universidad Tecnológica de Oriental, Oriental 75020, Mexico
| | - YongLiang Wang
- Department of Biochemistry & Centre for Prions and Protein Folding Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2M8, AB, Canada
| | - Haseeb Ahmed
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 1H9, AB, Canada
| | - Holger Wille
- Department of Biochemistry & Centre for Prions and Protein Folding Diseases, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2M8, AB, Canada; Neuroscience and Mental Health Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2E1, AB, Canada
| | - Maria Stepanova
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 1H9, AB, Canada.
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4
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Primera-Pedrozo OM, Mantilla ABC, Myers TL, Gu Y, El-Khoury PZ. Controlling the Fluctuating Tip-Enhanced Raman Spectra of Chloramben on Silver Nanocubes. Anal Chem 2024. [PMID: 38315807 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Tip-enhanced Raman (TER) scattering from molecules residing at plasmonic junctions can be used to detect, identify, and image single molecules. This is most evident for flat molecules interrogated under conditions of extreme temperatures and pressure. It is also the case for (bio)molecular systems that feature preferred orientations/conformations under ambient laboratory conditions. More complex molecules that can adopt multiple conformations and/or feature different protonation or charge states give rise to complex TER spectra. We illustrate how the latter can be controlled in the case of chloramben molecules coated onto plasmonic silver nanocubes. We show that characteristic molecular Raman spectra cannot be obtained when tunneling plasmons are operative, i.e., when the tip is in direct contact with the chemically functionalized plasmonic nanoparticles. We rationalize these observations and propose an approach to less invasive and hence more analytical TER spectral imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliva M Primera-Pedrozo
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Alexander B C Mantilla
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Tanya L Myers
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| | - Yi Gu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Patrick Z El-Khoury
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
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Morder CJ, Scarpitti BT, Balss KM, Schultz ZD. Determination of lentiviral titer by surface enhanced Raman scattering. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2022; 14:1387-1395. [PMID: 35274114 PMCID: PMC8989645 DOI: 10.1039/d2ay00041e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Lentiviruses are commonly used to deliver genetic code into host cells for biomedical applications, such as gene therapy, pharmaceuticals, and vaccine development. Knowing the infectious titer of these virus particles is critical for development in these areas. Current methods of determining viral titer often require cell culture, where a cell is infected and the inserted genetic code is expressed in a known number of cells, which can require days or weeks to prepare and analyze samples. To provide a more rapid method of determining viral titer, the use of surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) was explored. SERS provides both chemical and structural information by using plasmonic metallic nanostructures to amplify the Raman signal. Two different lentiviruses, one with a vector encoding a GFP gene and the same virus without the GFP gene included, were analyzed by SERS in viral production media at various concentrations. The SERS response was demonstrated to be sensitive to the incorporation of the GFP gene into the viral vector. Chemometric analysis using multivariate curve resolution (MCR) was able to identify a component in the observed SERS spectra that correlated with the concentration of GFP containing virus particles. Using the MCR model and the SERS response, the viral titer of lentivirus encoding for GFP was determined. The viral titer determined by SERS agreed well with expression of the GFP in infected cells. The SERS response using different metals and excitation wavelengths was also explored. Overall, this work demonstrates the utility of SERS for rapid determination of lentiviral titer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Courtney J Morder
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Brian T Scarpitti
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
| | - Karin M Balss
- Advanced Technology Center of Excellence, Janssen Supply Chain, Spring House, PA 19477, USA
| | - Zachary D Schultz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
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Bonhommeau S, Cooney GS, Huang Y. Nanoscale chemical characterization of biomolecules using tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:2416-2430. [PMID: 35275147 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs01039e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Nanoscale chemical and structural characterization of single biomolecules and assemblies is of paramount importance for applications in biology and medicine. It aims to describe the molecular structure of biomolecules and their interaction with unprecedented spatial resolution to better comprehend underlying molecular mechanisms of biological processes involved in cell activity and diseases. Tip-enhanced Raman scattering (TERS) spectroscopy appears particularly appealing to reach these objectives. This state-of-the-art TERS technique is as versatile as it is ultrasensitive. To perform a successful TERS experiment, special care and a thorough methodology for the preparation of the TERS system, the TERS probe tip, and sample are needed. Intense efforts have been deployed to characterize nucleic acids, proteins and peptides, lipid membranes, and more complex systems such as cells and viruses using TERS. Although the vast majority of studies have first been performed in dry conditions, they have allowed for several scientific breakthroughs. These include DNA and RNA sequencing, and the determination of relationships between protein structure and biological function by the use of increasingly exploitative chemometric tools for spectral data analysis. The nanoscale determination of the secondary structure of amyloid fibrils, protofibrils and oligomers implicated in neurodegenerative diseases could, for instance, be connected with the toxicity of these species, amyloid formation pathways, and their interaction with phospholipids. Single particles of different viral strains could be distinguished from one another by comparison of their protein and lipid contents. In addition, TERS has allowed for the evermore accurate description of the molecular organization of lipid membranes. Very recent advances also demonstrated the possibility to carry out TERS in aqueous medium, which opens thrilling perspectives for the TERS technique in biological, biomedical, and potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gary S Cooney
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, F-33400 Talence, France.
| | - Yuhan Huang
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, F-33400 Talence, France.
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de Albuquerque CDL, Zoltowski CM, Scarpitti BT, Shoup DN, Schultz ZD. Spectrally Resolved Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Imaging Reveals Plasmon-Mediated Chemical Transformations. ACS NANOSCIENCE AU 2021; 1:38-46. [PMID: 34966910 PMCID: PMC8700175 DOI: 10.1021/acsnanoscienceau.1c00031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Revised: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Challenges investigating
molecules on plasmonic nanostructures
have limited understanding of these interactions. However, the chemically
specific information in the surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS)
spectrum can identify perturbations in the adsorbed molecules to provide
insight relevant to applications in sensing, catalysis, and energy
conversion. Here, we demonstrate spectrally resolved SERS imaging,
to simultaneously image and collect the SERS spectra from molecules
adsorbed on individual nanoparticles. We observe intensity and frequency
fluctuations in the SERS signal on the time scale of tens of milliseconds
from n-mercaptobenzoic acid (MBA) adsorbed to gold
nanoparticles. The SERS signal fluctuations correlate with density
functional theory calculations of radicals generated by the interaction
between MBA and plasmon-generated hot electrons. Applying localization
microscopy to the data provides a super-resolution spectrally resolved
map that indicates the plasmonic-induced molecular charging occurs
on the extremities of the nanoparticles, where the localized electromagnetic
field is reported to be most intense.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chelsea M Zoltowski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Brian T Scarpitti
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Deben N Shoup
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
| | - Zachary D Schultz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio 43210, United States
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Capocefalo A, Deckert-Gaudig T, Brasili F, Postorino P, Deckert V. Unveiling the interaction of protein fibrils with gold nanoparticles by plasmon enhanced nano-spectroscopy. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:14469-14479. [PMID: 34473176 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr03190b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The development of various degenerative diseases is suggested to be triggered by the uncontrolled organisation and aggregation of proteins into amyloid fibrils. For this reason, there are ongoing efforts to develop novel agents and approaches, including metal nanoparticle-based colloids, that dissolve amyloid structures and prevent pathogenic protein aggregation. In this contribution, the role of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in degrading amyloid fibrils of the model protein lysozyme is investigated. The amino acid composition of fibril surfaces before and after the incubation with AuNPs is determined at the single fibril level by exploiting the high spatial resolution and sensitivity provided by tip-enhanced and surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopies. This combined spectroscopic approach allows to reveal the molecular mechanisms driving the interaction between fibrils and AuNPs. Our results provide an important input for the understanding of amyloid fibrils and could have a potential translational impact on the development of strategies for the prevention and treatment of amyloid-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Capocefalo
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, P. le Aldo Moro 5, Roma, Italy
- CNR-ISC, Istituto dei Sistemi Complessi, c/o Sapienza Università di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - Tanja Deckert-Gaudig
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany.
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Francesco Brasili
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, P. le Aldo Moro 5, Roma, Italy
| | - Paolo Postorino
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Sapienza Università di Roma, P. le Aldo Moro 5, Roma, Italy
| | - Volker Deckert
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology (IPHT), Albert-Einstein-Str. 9, 07745 Jena, Germany.
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich-Schiller-University, Jena Helmholtzweg 4, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Institute of Quantum Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-4242, USA
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9
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El-Khoury PZ, Schultz ZD. From SERS to TERS and Beyond: Molecules as Probes of Nanoscopic Optical Fields. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2020; 124:27267-27275. [PMID: 34306295 PMCID: PMC8297906 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.0c08337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A detailed understanding of the interaction between molecules and plasmonic nanostructures is important for several exciting developments in (bio)molecular sensing and imaging, catalysis, as well as energy conversion. While much of the focus has been on the nanostructures that generate enhanced and nano-confined optical fields, we herein highlight recent work from our groups that uses the molecular response in surface and tip enhanced Raman scattering (SERS and TERS, respectively) to investigate different aspects of the local fields. TERS provides access to ultra-confined volumes, and as a result can further explore and explain ensemble-averaged SERS measurements. Exciting and distinct molecular behaviors are observed in the quantum limit of plasmons, including molecular charging, chemical conversion, and optical rectification. Evidence of multipolar Raman scattering from molecules additionally provides insights into the inhomogeneous electric fields that drive SERS and TERS and their spatial and temporal gradients. The time scales of these processes show evidence of cooperative nanoscale phenomena that altogether contribute to SERS and TERS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Z El-Khoury
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, P.O. Box 999, Richland, WA 99352, USA
| | - Zachary D Schultz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
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