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Raman AS, Selloni A. Insights into the structure and dynamics of K+ ions at the muscovite-water interface from machine learning potential simulations. J Chem Phys 2024; 160:244708. [PMID: 38940541 DOI: 10.1063/5.0217720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024] Open
Abstract
The surfaces of many minerals are covered by naturally occurring cations that become partially hydrated and can be replaced by hydronium or other cations when the surface is exposed to water or an aqueous solution. These ion exchange processes are relevant to various chemical and transport phenomena, yet elucidating their microscopic details is challenging for both experiments and simulations. In this work, we make a first step in this direction by investigating the behavior of the native K+ ions at the interface between neat water and the muscovite mica (001) surface with ab-initio-based machine learning molecular dynamics and enhanced sampling simulations. Our results show that the desorption of the surface K+ ions in pure ion-free water has a significant free energy barrier irrespective of their local surface arrangement. In contrast, facile K+ diffusion between mica's ditrigonal cavities characterized by different Al/Si orderings is observed. This behavior suggests that the K+ ions may favor a dynamic disordered surface arrangement rather than complete desorption when exposed to deionized water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhinav S Raman
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
| | - Annabella Selloni
- Department of Chemistry, Princeton University, Princeton, New Jersey 08544, USA
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2
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Franceschi G, Brandstetter S, Balajka J, Sokolović I, Pavelec J, Setvín M, Schmid M, Diebold U. Interaction of surface cations of cleaved mica with water in vapor and liquid forms. Faraday Discuss 2024; 249:84-97. [PMID: 37791454 PMCID: PMC10845011 DOI: 10.1039/d3fd00093a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Natural minerals contain ions that become hydrated when they come into contact with water in vapor and liquid forms. Muscovite mica - a common phyllosilicate with perfect cleavage planes - is an ideal system to investigate the details of ion hydration. The cleaved mica surface is decorated by an array of K+ ions that can be easily exchanged with other ions or protons when immersed in an aqueous solution. Despite the vast interest in the atomic-scale hydration processes of these K+ ions, experimental data under controlled conditions have remained elusive. Here, atomically resolved non-contact atomic force microscopy (nc-AFM) is combined with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to investigate the cation hydration upon dosing water vapor at 100 K in ultra-high vacuum (UHV). The cleaved surface is further exposed to ultra-clean liquid water at room temperature, which promotes ion mobility and partial ion-to-proton substitution. The results offer the first direct experimental views of the interaction of water with muscovite mica under UHV. The findings are in line with previous theoretical predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giada Franceschi
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10/E134, 1040 Wien, Austria.
| | - Sebastian Brandstetter
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10/E134, 1040 Wien, Austria.
| | - Jan Balajka
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10/E134, 1040 Wien, Austria.
| | - Igor Sokolović
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10/E134, 1040 Wien, Austria.
| | - Jiří Pavelec
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10/E134, 1040 Wien, Austria.
| | - Martin Setvín
- Department of Surface and Plasma Science, Charles University in Prague, V Holesovickach 2, 180 00 Praha, Czech Republic
| | - Michael Schmid
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10/E134, 1040 Wien, Austria.
| | - Ulrike Diebold
- Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraße 8-10/E134, 1040 Wien, Austria.
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3
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Marks SM, Vicars Z, Thosar AU, Patel AJ. Characterizing Surface Ice-Philicity Using Molecular Simulations and Enhanced Sampling. J Phys Chem B 2023. [PMID: 37378637 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c01627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
The formation of ice, which plays an important role in diverse contexts ranging from cryopreservation to atmospheric science, is often mediated by solid surfaces. Although surfaces that interact favorably with ice (relative to liquid water) can facilitate ice formation by lowering nucleation barriers, the molecular characteristics that confer icephilicity to a surface are complex and incompletely understood. To address this challenge, here we introduce a robust and computationally efficient method for characterizing surface ice-philicity that combines molecular simulations and enhanced sampling techniques to quantify the free energetic cost of increasing surface-ice contact at the expense of surface-water contact. Using this method to characterize the ice-philicity of a family of model surfaces that are lattice matched with ice but vary in their polarity, we find that the nonpolar surfaces are moderately ice-phobic, whereas the polar surfaces are highly ice-philic. In contrast, for surfaces that display no complementarity to the ice lattice, we find that ice-philicity is independent of surface polarity and that both nonpolar and polar surfaces are moderately ice-phobic. Our work thus provides a prescription for quantitatively characterizing surface ice-philicity and sheds light on how ice-philicity is influenced by lattice matching and polarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean M Marks
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Zachariah Vicars
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Aniket U Thosar
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
| | - Amish J Patel
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, United States
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Yuan T, DeFever RS, Zhou J, Cortes-Morales EC, Sarupria S. RSeeds: Rigid Seeding Method for Studying Heterogeneous Crystal Nucleation. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:4112-4125. [PMID: 37130351 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c00910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Heterogeneous nucleation is the dominant form of liquid-to-solid transition in nature. Although molecular simulations are most uniquely suited to studying nucleation, the waiting time to observe even a single nucleation event can easily exceed the current computational capabilities. Therefore, there exists an imminent need for methods that enable computationally fast and feasible studies of heterogeneous nucleation. Seeding is a technique that has proven to be successful at dramatically expanding the range of computationally accessible nucleation rates in simulation studies of homogeneous crystal nucleation. In this article, we introduce a new seeding method for heterogeneous nucleation called Rigid Seeding (RSeeds). Crystalline seeds are treated as pseudorigid bodies and simulated on a surface with metastable liquid above its melting temperature. This allows the seeds to adapt to the surface and identify favorable seed-surface configurations, which is necessary for reliable predictions of crystal polymorphs that form and the corresponding heterogeneous nucleation rates. We demonstrate and validate RSeeds for heterogeneous ice nucleation on a flexible self-assembled monolayer surface, a mineral surface based on kaolinite, and two model surfaces. RSeeds predicts the correct ice polymorph, exposed crystal plane, and rotation on the surface. RSeeds is semiquantitative and can be used to estimate the critical nucleus size and nucleation rate when combined with classical nucleation theory. We demonstrate that RSeeds can be used to evaluate nucleation rates spanning many orders of magnitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianmu Yuan
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Manchester, Manchester, U.K. M13 9PL
| | - Ryan S DeFever
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | - Jiarun Zhou
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Clemson University, Clemson, South Carolina 29634, United States
| | | | - Sapna Sarupria
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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5
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Franceschi G, Kocán P, Conti A, Brandstetter S, Balajka J, Sokolović I, Valtiner M, Mittendorfer F, Schmid M, Setvín M, Diebold U. Resolving the intrinsic short-range ordering of K + ions on cleaved muscovite mica. Nat Commun 2023; 14:208. [PMID: 36639388 PMCID: PMC9839703 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-35872-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Muscovite mica, KAl2(Si3Al)O10(OH)2, is a common layered phyllosilicate with perfect cleavage planes. The atomically flat surfaces obtained through cleaving lend themselves to scanning probe techniques with atomic resolution and are ideal to model minerals and clays. Despite the importance of the cleaved mica surfaces, several questions remain unresolved. It is established that K+ ions decorate the cleaved surface, but their intrinsic ordering - unaffected by the interaction with the environment - is not known. This work presents clear images of the K+ distribution of cleaved mica obtained with low-temperature non-contact atomic force microscopy (AFM) under ultra-high vacuum (UHV) conditions. The data unveil the presence of short-range ordering, contrasting previous assumptions of random or fully ordered distributions. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations and Monte Carlo simulations show that the substitutional subsurface Al3+ ions have an important role for the surface K+ ion arrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giada Franceschi
- grid.5329.d0000 0001 2348 4034Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraβe 8-10/E134, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Pavel Kocán
- grid.4491.80000 0004 1937 116XDepartment of Surface and Plasma Science, Charles University, V Holesovickach 2, 180 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Andrea Conti
- grid.5329.d0000 0001 2348 4034Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraβe 8-10/E134, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sebastian Brandstetter
- grid.5329.d0000 0001 2348 4034Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraβe 8-10/E134, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Jan Balajka
- grid.5329.d0000 0001 2348 4034Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraβe 8-10/E134, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Igor Sokolović
- grid.5329.d0000 0001 2348 4034Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraβe 8-10/E134, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Valtiner
- grid.5329.d0000 0001 2348 4034Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraβe 8-10/E134, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Florian Mittendorfer
- grid.5329.d0000 0001 2348 4034Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraβe 8-10/E134, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Michael Schmid
- grid.5329.d0000 0001 2348 4034Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraβe 8-10/E134, 1040 Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Setvín
- grid.5329.d0000 0001 2348 4034Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraβe 8-10/E134, 1040 Vienna, Austria ,grid.4491.80000 0004 1937 116XDepartment of Surface and Plasma Science, Charles University, V Holesovickach 2, 180 00 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ulrike Diebold
- grid.5329.d0000 0001 2348 4034Institute of Applied Physics, TU Wien, Wiedner Hauptstraβe 8-10/E134, 1040 Vienna, Austria
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Whale TF. Disordering effect of the ammonium cation accounts for anomalous enhancement of heterogeneous ice nucleation. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:144503. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0084635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Heterogeneous nucleation of ice from supercooled water is the process responsible for triggering nearly all ice formation in the natural environment. Understanding of heterogeneous ice nucleation is particularly key for understanding the formation of ice in clouds, which impacts weather and climate. While many effective ice nucleators are known the mechanisms of their actions remain poorly understood. Some inorganic nucleators have been found to nucleate ice at warmer temperatures in dilute ammonium solution than in pure water. This is surprising, analogous to salty water melting at a warmer temperature than pure water. Here, the magnitude of this effect is rationalized as being due to thermodynamically favorable ammonium-induced disordering of the hydrogen bond network of ice critical clusters formed on inorganic ice nucleators. Theoretical calculations are shown to be consistent with new experimental measurements aimed at finding the maximum magnitude of the effect. The implication of this study is that the ice-nucleating sites and surfaces of many inorganic ice nucleators are either polar or charged and therefore tend to induce formation of hydrogen ordered ice clusters. This work corroborates various literature reports indicating that some inorganic ice nucleators are most effective when nominally neutral and implies a commonality in mechanism between a wide range of inorganic ice nucleators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas F Whale
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, United Kingdom
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Ion-dependent protein-surface interactions from intrinsic solvent response. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:2025121118. [PMID: 34172582 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2025121118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The phyllosilicate mineral muscovite mica is widely used as a surface template for the patterning of macromolecules, yet a molecular understanding of its surface chemistry under varying solution conditions, required to predict and control the self-assembly of adsorbed species, is lacking. We utilize all-atom molecular dynamics simulations in conjunction with an electrostatic analysis based in local molecular field theory that affords a clean separation of long-range and short-range electrostatics. Using water polarization response as a measure of the electric fields that arise from patterned, surface-bound ions that direct the adsorption of charged macromolecules, we apply a Landau theory of forces induced by asymmetrically polarized surfaces to compute protein-surface interactions for two muscovite-binding proteins (DHR10-mica6 and C98RhuA). Comparison of the pressure between surface and protein in high-concentration KCl and NaCl aqueous solutions reveals ion-specific differences in far-field protein-surface interactions, neatly capturing the ability of ions to modulate the surface charge of muscovite that in turn selectively attracts one binding face of each protein over all others.
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Piskulich ZA, Thompson WH. Examining the Role of Different Molecular Interactions on Activation Energies and Activation Volumes in Liquid Water. J Chem Theory Comput 2021; 17:2659-2671. [PMID: 33819026 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jctc.0c01217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
There are a large number of force fields available to model water in molecular dynamics simulations, which each have their own strengths and weaknesses in describing the behavior of the liquid. One particular weakness in many of these models is their description of dynamics away from ambient conditions, where their ability to reproduce measurements is mixed. To investigate this issue, we use the recently developed fluctuation theory for dynamics to directly evaluate measures of the local temperature and pressure dependence: the activation energy and the activation volume. We examine these activation parameters for hydrogen-bond jump exchange times, OH reorientation times, and diffusion coefficients calculated from the SPC/E, SPC/Fw, TIP3P-PME, TIP3P-PME/Fw, OPC3, TIP4P/2005, TIP4P/Ew, E3B2, and E3B3 water models. Activation energy decompositions available through the fluctuation theory approach provide mechanistic insight into the origins of different temperature dependences between the various models, as well as the influence of three-body effects and flexibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeke A Piskulich
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Ward H Thompson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
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Maeda N. Brief Overview of Ice Nucleation. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26020392. [PMID: 33451150 PMCID: PMC7828621 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The nucleation of ice is vital in cloud physics and impacts on a broad range of matters from the cryopreservation of food, tissues, organs, and stem cells to the prevention of icing on aircraft wings, bridge cables, wind turbines, and other structures. Ice nucleation thus has broad implications in medicine, food engineering, mineralogy, biology, and other fields. Nowadays, the growing threat of global warming has led to intense research activities on the feasibility of artificially modifying clouds to shift the Earth’s radiation balance. For these reasons, nucleation of ice has been extensively studied over many decades and rightfully so. It is thus not quite possible to cover the whole subject of ice nucleation in a single review. Rather, this feature article provides a brief overview of ice nucleation that focuses on several major outstanding fundamental issues. The author’s wish is to aid early researchers in ice nucleation and those who wish to get into the field of ice nucleation from other disciplines by concisely summarizing the outstanding issues in this important field. Two unresolved challenges stood out from the review, namely the lack of a molecular-level picture of ice nucleation at an interface and the limitations of classical nucleation theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nobuo Maeda
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, School of Mining and Petroleum Engineering, University of Alberta, 7-207 Donadeo ICE, 9211-116 Street NW, Edmonton, AB T6G1H9, Canada
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