1
|
Gallop NP, Maslennikov DR, Mondal N, Goetz KP, Dai Z, Schankler AM, Sung W, Nihonyanagi S, Tahara T, Bodnarchuk MI, Kovalenko MV, Vaynzof Y, Rappe AM, Bakulin AA. Ultrafast vibrational control of organohalide perovskite optoelectronic devices using vibrationally promoted electronic resonance. NATURE MATERIALS 2024; 23:88-94. [PMID: 37985838 PMCID: PMC10769873 DOI: 10.1038/s41563-023-01723-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Vibrational control (VC) of photochemistry through the optical stimulation of structural dynamics is a nascent concept only recently demonstrated for model molecules in solution. Extending VC to state-of-the-art materials may lead to new applications and improved performance for optoelectronic devices. Metal halide perovskites are promising targets for VC due to their mechanical softness and the rich array of vibrational motions of both their inorganic and organic sublattices. Here, we demonstrate the ultrafast VC of FAPbBr3 perovskite solar cells via intramolecular vibrations of the formamidinium cation using spectroscopic techniques based on vibrationally promoted electronic resonance. The observed short (~300 fs) time window of VC highlights the fast dynamics of coupling between the cation and inorganic sublattice. First-principles modelling reveals that this coupling is mediated by hydrogen bonds that modulate both lead halide lattice and electronic states. Cation dynamics modulating this coupling may suppress non-radiative recombination in perovskites, leading to photovoltaics with reduced voltage losses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel P Gallop
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Dmitry R Maslennikov
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Navendu Mondal
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Katelyn P Goetz
- Chair for Emerging Electronic Technologies, Technical University of Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Zhenbang Dai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Aaron M Schankler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Woongmo Sung
- Molecular Spectroscopy Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Nihonyanagi
- Molecular Spectroscopy Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics (RAP), RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Tahei Tahara
- Molecular Spectroscopy Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan
- RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics (RAP), RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan
| | - Maryna I Bodnarchuk
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Maksym V Kovalenko
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Thin Films and Photovoltaics, Empa, Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf, Switzerland
| | - Yana Vaynzof
- Chair for Emerging Electronic Technologies, Technical University of Dresden, Dresden, Germany
- Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Andrew M Rappe
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Artem A Bakulin
- Department of Chemistry and Centre for Processable Electronics, Imperial College London, London, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Tong J, Li X, Wang J, He H, Xu T, Zhu K. Bioinspired stability enhancement in deuterium-substituted organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells. PNAS NEXUS 2023; 2:pgad160. [PMID: 37255848 PMCID: PMC10226519 DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In hybrid perovskite solar cells (PSCs), the reaction of hydrogens (H) located in the amino group of the organic A-site cations with their neighboring halides plays a central role in degradation. Inspired by the retarded biological activities of cells in heavy water, we replaced the light H atom with its abundant, twice-as-heavy, nonradioactive isotope, deuterium (D) to hamper the motion of H. This D substitution retarded the formation kinetics of the detrimental H halides in Pb-based PSCs, as well as the H bond-mediated oxidation of Sn2+ in Sn-Pb-based narrow-bandgap PSCs, evidenced by accelerated stability studies. A computational study indicated that the zero point energy of D-based formamidinium (FA) is lower than that of pristine FA. In addition, the smaller increase in entropy in D-based FA than in pristine FA accounts for the increased formation free energy of the Sn2+ vacancies, which leads to the retarded oxidation kinetics of Sn2+. In this study, we show that substituting active H with D in organic cations is an effective way to enhance the stability of PSCs without sacrificing photovoltaic (PV) performance. This approach is also adaptable to other stabilizing methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jianxin Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115, USA
| | - Haiying He
- To whom correspondence should be addressed: (K.Z.); (T.X.); (H.H.)
| | - Tao Xu
- To whom correspondence should be addressed: (K.Z.); (T.X.); (H.H.)
| | - Kai Zhu
- To whom correspondence should be addressed: (K.Z.); (T.X.); (H.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Gallop NP, Ye J, Greetham GM, Jansen TLC, Dai L, Zelewski SJ, Arul R, Baumberg JJ, Hoye RLZ, Bakulin AA. The effect of caesium alloying on the ultrafast structural dynamics of hybrid organic-inorganic halide perovskites. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY. A 2022; 10:22408-22418. [PMID: 36352854 PMCID: PMC9624371 DOI: 10.1039/d2ta05207e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Hybrid inorganic-organic perovskites have attracted considerable attention over recent years as promising processable electronic materials. In particular, the rich structural dynamics of these 'soft' materials has become a subject of investigation and debate due to their direct influence on the perovskites' optoelectronic properties. Significant effort has focused on understanding the role and behaviour of the organic cations within the perovskite, as their rotational dynamics may be linked to material stability, heterogeneity and performance in (opto)electronic devices. To this end, we use two-dimensional IR spectroscopy (2DIR) to understand the effect of partial caesium alloying on the rotational dynamics of the methylammonium cation in the archetypal hybrid perovskite CH3NH3PbI3. We find that caesium incorporation primarily inhibits the slower 'reorientational jump' modes of the organic cation, whilst a smaller effect on the fast 'wobbling time' may be due to distortions and rigidisation of the inorganic cuboctahedral cage. 2DIR centre-line-slope analysis further reveals that while static disorder increases with caesium substitution, the dynamic disorder (reflected in the phase memory of the N-H stretching mode of methylammonium) is largely independent of caesium addition. Our results contribute to the development of a unified model of cation dynamics within organohalide perovskites.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel P Gallop
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub 83 Wood Lane London W12 0BZ UK
| | - Junzhi Ye
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge JJ Thomson Avenue Cambridge CB3 0HE UK
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London Exhibition Road London SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Gregory M Greetham
- Central Laser Facility, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Harwell Campus Didcot OX11 0QX UK
| | - Thomas L C Jansen
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen Nijenborgh 4 9747 AG Groningen Netherlands
| | - Linjie Dai
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge JJ Thomson Avenue Cambridge CB3 0HE UK
| | - Szymon J Zelewski
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge JJ Thomson Avenue Cambridge CB3 0HE UK
- Department of Semiconductor Materials Engineering, Faculty of Fundamental Problems of Technology, Wrocław University of Science and Technology Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27 50-370 Wrocław Poland
| | - Rakesh Arul
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge JJ Thomson Avenue Cambridge CB3 0HE UK
| | - Jeremy J Baumberg
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge JJ Thomson Avenue Cambridge CB3 0HE UK
| | - Robert L Z Hoye
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London Exhibition Road London SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Artem A Bakulin
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, Molecular Sciences Research Hub 83 Wood Lane London W12 0BZ UK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Landi N, Maurina E, Marongiu D, Simbula A, Borsacchi S, Calucci L, Saba M, Carignani E, Geppi M. Solid-State Nuclear Magnetic Resonance of Triple-Cation Mixed-Halide Perovskites. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:9517-9525. [PMID: 36200785 PMCID: PMC9575147 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c02313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Mixed-cation lead mixed-halide perovskites are the best candidates for perovskite-based photovoltaics, thanks to their higher efficiency and stability compared to the single-cation single-halide parent compounds. TripleMix (Cs0.05MA0.14FA0.81PbI2.55Br0.45 with FA = formamidinium and MA = methylammonium) is one of the most efficient and stable mixed perovskites for single-junction solar cells. The microscopic reasons why triple-cation perovskites perform so well are still under debate. In this work, we investigated the structure and dynamics of TripleMix by exploiting multinuclear solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (SSNMR), which can provide this information at a level of detail not accessible by other techniques. 133Cs, 13C, 1H, and 207Pb SSNMR spectra confirmed the inclusion of all ions in the perovskite, without phase segregation. Complementary measurements showed a peculiar longitudinal relaxation behavior for the 1H and 207Pb nuclei in TripleMix with respect to single-cation single-halide perovskites, suggesting slower dynamics of both organic cations and halide anions, possibly related to the high photovoltaic performances.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Noemi Landi
- Department
of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University
of Pisa, via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124Pisa, Italy
| | - Elena Maurina
- Department
of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University
of Pisa, via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124Pisa, Italy
| | - Daniela Marongiu
- Department
of Physics, University of Cagliari, S.P. Monserrato-Sestu Km. 0700, 09042Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Angelica Simbula
- Department
of Physics, University of Cagliari, S.P. Monserrato-Sestu Km. 0700, 09042Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Silvia Borsacchi
- Institute
for the Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds - ICCOM, Italian National Research Council - CNR, via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124Pisa, Italy
- Center
for Instrument Sharing, University of Pisa
(CISUP), 56126Pisa, Italy
| | - Lucia Calucci
- Institute
for the Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds - ICCOM, Italian National Research Council - CNR, via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124Pisa, Italy
- Center
for Instrument Sharing, University of Pisa
(CISUP), 56126Pisa, Italy
| | - Michele Saba
- Department
of Physics, University of Cagliari, S.P. Monserrato-Sestu Km. 0700, 09042Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Elisa Carignani
- Institute
for the Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds - ICCOM, Italian National Research Council - CNR, via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124Pisa, Italy
| | - Marco Geppi
- Department
of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University
of Pisa, via G. Moruzzi 13, 56124Pisa, Italy
- Institute
for the Chemistry of OrganoMetallic Compounds - ICCOM, Italian National Research Council - CNR, via G. Moruzzi 1, 56124Pisa, Italy
- Center
for Instrument Sharing, University of Pisa
(CISUP), 56126Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lin CC, Huang SJ, Wu PH, Chen TP, Huang CY, Wang YC, Chen PT, Radeva D, Petrov O, Gelev VM, Sankar R, Chen CC, Chen CW, Yu TY. Direct investigation of the reorientational dynamics of A-site cations in 2D organic-inorganic hybrid perovskite by solid-state NMR. Nat Commun 2022; 13:1513. [PMID: 35314691 PMCID: PMC8938534 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-29207-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Limited methods are available for investigating the reorientational dynamics of A-site cations in two-dimensional organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites (2D OIHPs), which play a pivotal role in determining their physical properties. Here, we describe an approach to study the dynamics of A-site cations using solid-state NMR and stable isotope labelling. 2H NMR of 2D OIHPs incorporating methyl-d3-ammonium cations (d3-MA) reveals the existence of multiple modes of reorientational motions of MA. Rotational-echo double resonance (REDOR) NMR of 2D OIHPs incorporating 15N- and ¹³C-labeled methylammonium cations (13C,15N-MA) reflects the averaged dipolar coupling between the C and N nuclei undergoing different modes of motions. Our study reveals the interplay between the A-site cation dynamics and the structural rigidity of the organic spacers, so providing a molecular-level insight into the design of 2D OIHPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Chieh Lin
- International Graduate Program of Molecular Science and Technology (NTU-MST), National Taiwan University, 10617, Taipei, Taiwan
- Molecular Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program (TIGP), Academia Sinica, 11529, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Shing-Jong Huang
- Instrumentation Center, National Taiwan University, 10617, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Hao Wu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, 10617, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Pei Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, 10617, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Ying Huang
- International Graduate Program of Molecular Science and Technology (NTU-MST), National Taiwan University, 10617, Taipei, Taiwan
- Molecular Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program (TIGP), Academia Sinica, 11529, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chiao Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, 10617, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Po-Tuan Chen
- Department of Vehicle Engineering, National Taipei University of Technology, 10608, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Denitsa Radeva
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Sofia University, 1 James Bourchier Boulevard, 1164, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Ognyan Petrov
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Sofia University, 1 James Bourchier Boulevard, 1164, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Vladimir M Gelev
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Sofia University, 1 James Bourchier Boulevard, 1164, Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Raman Sankar
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, 115201, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Chun Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, 11677, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Wei Chen
- International Graduate Program of Molecular Science and Technology (NTU-MST), National Taiwan University, 10617, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Taiwan University, 10617, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Center of Atomic Initiative for New Materials (AI-MAT), National Taiwan University, 10617, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Tsyr-Yan Yu
- International Graduate Program of Molecular Science and Technology (NTU-MST), National Taiwan University, 10617, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Molecular Science and Technology Program, Taiwan International Graduate Program (TIGP), Academia Sinica, 11529, Taipei, Taiwan.
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, 10617, Taipei, Taiwan.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Gong J, Hao M, Zhang Y, Liu M, Zhou Y. Layered 2D Halide Perovskites beyond the Ruddlesden–Popper Phase: Tailored Interlayer Chemistries for High‐Performance Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202112022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jue Gong
- School of Materials and Energy University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu 611731 China
| | - Mingwei Hao
- Department of Physics Hong Kong Baptist University Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Yalan Zhang
- Department of Physics Hong Kong Baptist University Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Mingzhen Liu
- School of Materials and Energy University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu 611731 China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhou
- Department of Physics Hong Kong Baptist University Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR China
- Smart Society Lab Hong Kong Baptist University Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Qiao WC, Dong W, Fu XB, Ma K, Liang JQ, Wang XL, Yao YF. A-Site Mixing to Adjust the Photovoltaic Performance of a Double-Cation Perovskite: It Is Not Always the Simple Way. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:11206-11213. [PMID: 34761925 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c03095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Considerable progress has been made in improving the performance of optoelectronic devices based on hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites of the form ABX3. However, the influences of A-site doping on the structure and dynamics of the inorganic perovskite crystal lattice and, in turn, on the optoelectronic performance of the resulting devices remain poorly understood at an atomic level. This work addresses this issue by combining the results of several experimental characterization methods for three-dimensional MA1-xDMAxPbBr3 perovskite single crystals (MA, methylammonium; DMA, dimethylammonium). The results reveal a two-stage change in lattice with an increase in DMA content, which has completely opposite effects on the optoelectronic performance of the double-cation perovskite. At low DMA concentrations, fast reorientation of incorporated DMA cations strengthens the interaction between MA cations and the lattice without significant lattice distortion, which could suppress lattice fluctuation and thus improve the photovoltaic performance. At high DMA concentrations, the lattice get a severe distortion, leading to poorer photovoltaic performance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Cheng Qiao
- Physics Department and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, North Zhongshan Road 3663, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Wei Dong
- Physics Department and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, North Zhongshan Road 3663, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Bin Fu
- Department of Molten Salt Chemistry and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201800, China
| | - Kaiyang Ma
- Physics Department and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, North Zhongshan Road 3663, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Jia-Qi Liang
- Physics Department and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, North Zhongshan Road 3663, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Xue Lu Wang
- Physics Department and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, North Zhongshan Road 3663, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| | - Ye-Feng Yao
- Physics Department and Shanghai Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, School of Physics and Electronic Science, East China Normal University, North Zhongshan Road 3663, Shanghai 200062, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Gong J, Hao M, Zhang Y, Liu M, Zhou Y. Layered 2D Halide Perovskites beyond Ruddlesden-Popper Phase: Tailored Interlayer Chemistries for High-Performance Solar Cells. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202112022. [PMID: 34761495 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202112022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Layered halide perovskites (LHPs) with crystallographically 2D structures have gained increasing interest for photovoltaic applications due to their superior chemical stability and intriguing anisotropic properties, as compared to their conventional 3D perovskite counterparts. The mostly studied LHPs are Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) phases, which suffer from a carrier-transport bottleneck due to the van der Waals gap associated with their intrinsic organic interlayer structures. To address this issue, Dion-Jacobson (DJ) and alternating-cation-interlayer (ACI) LHPs have rapidly emerged, which exhibit unique structural and (opto)electronic characteristics that may resemble the 3D counterparts owing to the eliminated or reduced van der Waals gap. Improved photophyiscal properties have been achieved in DJ and ACI LHPs, leading towards better photovoltaic performance. Here we provide a comprehensive discussion on the merits and promise of DJ and ACI LHPs from a chemistry perspective. Then, we review recent progress on synthesis and tailoring of DJ and ACI LHP crystals and thin films, as well as their optoelectronic properties and photovoltaic performance. Finally, we discuss future directions to realize the full potential of DJ and ACI LHPs for high-performance solar cells and beyond.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jue Gong
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Mingwei Hao
- Department of Physics, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yalan Zhang
- Department of Physics, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Mingzhen Liu
- School of Materials and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 611731, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhou
- Department of Physics, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Smart Society Lab, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Buffeteau T, Hirsch L, Bassani DM. Comment on "Eppur si Muove: Proton Diffusion in Halide Perovskite Single Crystals": Eppur Non si Muove: A Critical Evaluation of Proton Diffusion in Halide Perovskite Single Crystals. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2007715. [PMID: 34308561 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202007715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A recent report by Cahen and co-workers is examined that finds the diffusion constant for proton migration in methylammonium lead triiodide single crystals to be 2 × 105 -fold greater than that previously reported by Sadhu et al. By comparing the conversion of single crystals versus microcrystalline samples, it is concluded that proton diffusion in macroscopic single crystals is accelerated by the presence of defects acting as high-diffusivity paths.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thierry Buffeteau
- Univ. de Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, Talence, F-33405, France
| | - Lionel Hirsch
- Univ. de Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, IMS, UMR 5218, ENSCBP, Talence, F-33405, France
| | - Dario M Bassani
- Univ. de Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, Talence, F-33405, France
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Grüninger H, Bokdam M, Leupold N, Tinnemans P, Moos R, De Wijs GA, Panzer F, Kentgens APM. Microscopic (Dis)order and Dynamics of Cations in Mixed FA/MA Lead Halide Perovskites. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2021; 125:1742-1753. [PMID: 33542781 PMCID: PMC7848893 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.0c10042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Recent developments in the field of high efficiency perovskite solar cells are based on stabilization of the perovskite crystal structure of FAPbI3 while preserving its excellent optoelectronic properties. Compositional engineering of, for example, MA or Br mixed into FAPbI3 results in the desired effects, but detailed knowledge of local structural features, such as local (dis)order or cation interactions of formamidinium (FA) and methylammonium (MA), is still limited. This knowledge is, however, crucial for their further development. Here, we shed light on the microscopic distribution of MA and FA in mixed perovskites MA1-x FA x PbI3 and MA0.15FA0.85PbI2.55Br0.45 by combining high-resolution double-quantum 1H solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy with state-of-the-art near-first-principles accuracy molecular dynamics (MD) simulations using machine-learning force-fields (MLFFs). We show that on a small local scale, partial MA and FA clustering takes place over the whole MA/FA compositional range. A reasonable driving force for the clustering might be an increase of the dynamical freedom of FA cations in FA-rich regions. While MA0.15FA0.85PbI2.55Br0.45 displays similar MA and FA ordering as the MA1-x FA x PbI3 systems, the average cation-cation interaction strength increased significantly in this double mixed material, indicating a restriction of the space accessible to the cations or their partial immobilization upon Br- incorporation. Our results shed light on the heterogeneities in cation composition of mixed halide perovskites, helping to exploit their full optoelectronic potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Helen Grüninger
- Institute
for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- H.G.: email,
| | - Menno Bokdam
- Faculty
of Physics and Center for Computational Materials Sciences, University of Vienna, Sensengasse 8/12, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Faculty
of Science and Technology and MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
- M.G.: email,
| | - Nico Leupold
- Department
of Functional Materials, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Paul Tinnemans
- Institute
for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Ralf Moos
- Department
of Functional Materials, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Gilles A. De Wijs
- Institute
for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Fabian Panzer
- Department
of Functional Materials, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
- Soft
Matter Optoelectronics, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Arno P. M. Kentgens
- Institute
for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- A.P.M.K.: email,
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Zhao X, Long R. Isotopic Exchange Extends Charge Carrier Lifetime in Metal Lead Perovskites by Quantum Dynamics Simulations. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:10298-10305. [PMID: 33227211 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c03289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
One may expect that isotopic exchange has no influence on charge carrier lifetime and perovskite solar cell performance because isotopic effects do not affect the fundamental electronic structure of materials. Experiments defy this expectation. By performing nonadiabatic (NA) molecular dynamics simulations, we demonstrate that hydrogen and deuterium exchange significantly enhances the excited-state lifetime and stability of CH3NH3PbI3. Replacing lighter hydrogen with heavier deuterium suppresses the collective motions of organic and inorganic components, thus enhancing lattice stiffness and decreasing the NA coupling. Isotopic exchange further reduces NA coupling by localizing electron wave functions for separation of electrons and holes, which beats the extended coherence time, slowing down nonradiative electron-hole recombination from CH3ND3PbI3 to CD3ND3PbI3 with respect to the pristine system. The unchanged fundamental electronic structure together with the prolonged carrier lifetime and enhanced stability rationalize the improvement of the deuterated CH3NH3PbI3 solar cells. Our work provides valuable insights into isotope effects for the design of high-performance perovskite photovoltaic and optoelectronic devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Zhao
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| | - Run Long
- College of Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Theoretical & Computational Photochemistry of Ministry of Education, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Han X, Zhang G, Li B, Yang C, Guo W, Bai X, Huang P, Chen R, Qin C, Hu J, Ma Y, Zhong H, Xiao L, Jia S. Blinking Mechanisms and Intrinsic Quantum-Confined Stark Effect in Single Methylammonium Lead Bromide Perovskite Quantum Dots. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2005435. [PMID: 33236844 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202005435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Lead halide perovskite quantum dots (QDs) are promising materials for next-generation photoelectric devices because of their low preparation costs and excellent optoelectronic properties. In this study, the blinking mechanisms and the intrinsic quantum-confined Stark effect (IQCSE) in single organic-inorganic hybrid CH3 NH3 PbBr3 perovskite QDs using single-dot photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy is investigated. The PL quantum yield-recombination rates distribution map allows the identification of different PL blinking mechanisms and their respective contributions to the PL emission behavior. A strong correlation between the excitation power and the blinking mechanisms is reported. Most single QDs exhibit band-edge carrier blinking under a low excitation photon fluence. While under a high excitation photon fluence, different proportions of Auger-blinking emerge in their PL intensity trajectories. In particular, significant IQCSEs in the QDs that exhibit more pronounced Auger-blinking are observed. Based on these findings, an Auger-induced IQCSE model to explain the observed IQCSE phenomena is observed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Han
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Guofeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Bin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
- Key Laboratory of Spectral Measurement and Analysis of Shanxi Province, College of Physics and Information Engineering, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen, 041004, China
| | - Changgang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Wenli Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Xiuqing Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Peng Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Ruiyun Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Chengbing Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Jianyong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Yifei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Haizheng Zhong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems, School of Materials Science & Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Liantuan Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Suotang Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Laser Spectroscopy, Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Piveteau L, Morad V, Kovalenko MV. Solid-State NMR and NQR Spectroscopy of Lead-Halide Perovskite Materials. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:19413-19437. [PMID: 32986955 PMCID: PMC7677932 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c07338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Two- and three-dimensional lead-halide perovskite (LHP) materials are novel semiconductors that have generated broad interest owing to their outstanding optical and electronic properties. Characterization and understanding of their atomic structure and structure-property relationships are often nontrivial as a result of the vast structural and compositional tunability of LHPs as well as the enhanced structure dynamics as compared with oxide perovskites or more conventional semiconductors. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy contributes to this thrust through its unique capability of sampling chemical bonding element-specifically (1/2H, 13C, 14/15N, 35/37Cl, 39K, 79/81Br, 87Rb, 127I, 133Cs, and 207Pb nuclei) and locally and shedding light onto the connectivity, geometry, topology, and dynamics of bonding. NMR can therefore readily observe phase transitions, evaluate phase purity and compositional and structural disorder, and probe molecular dynamics and ionic motion in diverse forms of LHPs, in which they can be used practically, ranging from bulk single crystals (e.g., in gamma and X-ray detectors) to polycrystalline films (e.g., in photovoltaics, photodetectors, and light-emitting diodes) and colloidal nanocrystals (e.g., in liquid crystal displays and future quantum light sources). Herein we also outline the immense practical potential of nuclear quadrupolar resonance (NQR) spectroscopy for characterizing LHPs, owing to the strong quadrupole moments, good sensitivity, and high natural abundance of several halide nuclei (79/81Br and 127I) combined with the enhanced electric field gradients around these nuclei existing in LHPs as well as the instrumental simplicity. Strong quadrupole interactions, on one side, make 79/81Br and 127I NMR rather impractical but turn NQR into a high-resolution probe of the local structure around halide ions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Piveteau
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH
Zürich, Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5, Zurich CH-8093, Switzerland
- Empa-Swiss
Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, Dübendorf CH-8600, Switzerland
- CNRS,
UPR 3079, CEMHTI, Orléans, 45071 Cedex 02, France
| | - Viktoriia Morad
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH
Zürich, Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5, Zurich CH-8093, Switzerland
- Empa-Swiss
Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, Dübendorf CH-8600, Switzerland
| | - Maksym V. Kovalenko
- Department
of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH
Zürich, Vladimir Prelog Weg 1-5, Zurich CH-8093, Switzerland
- Empa-Swiss
Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Überlandstrasse 129, Dübendorf CH-8600, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Solanki A, Tavakoli MM, Xu Q, Dintakurti SSH, Lim SS, Bagui A, Hanna JV, Kong J, Sum TC. Heavy Water Additive in Formamidinium: A Novel Approach to Enhance Perovskite Solar Cell Efficiency. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e1907864. [PMID: 32350935 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201907864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 03/09/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Heavy water or deuterium oxide (D2 O) comprises deuterium, a hydrogen isotope twice the mass of hydrogen. Contrary to the disadvantages of deuterated perovskites, such as shorter recombination lifetimes and lower/invariant efficiencies, the serendipitous effect of D2 O as a beneficial solvent additive for enhancing the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of triple-A cation (cesium (Cs)/methylammonium (MA)/formaminidium (FA)) perovskite solar cells from ≈19.2% (reference) to 20.8% (using 1 vol% D2 O) with higher stability is reported. Ultrafast optical spectroscopy confirms passivation of trap states, increased carrier recombination lifetimes, and enhanced charge carrier diffusion lengths in the deuterated samples. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and solid-state NMR spectroscopy validate the N-H2 group as the preferential isotope exchange site. Furthermore, the NMR results reveal the induced alteration of the FA to MA ratio due to deuteration causes a widespread alteration to several dynamic processes that influence the photophysical properties. First-principles density functional theory calculations reveal a decrease in PbI6 phonon frequencies in the deuterated perovskite lattice. This stabilizes the PbI6 structures and weakens the electron-LO phonon (Fröhlich) coupling, yielding higher electron mobility. Importantly, these findings demonstrate that selective isotope exchange potentially opens new opportunities for tuning perovskite optoelectronic properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ankur Solanki
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
- Department of Science, School of Technology, Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University, Gandhinagar, 382007, India
| | - Mohammad Mahdi Tavakoli
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Qiang Xu
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Sai S H Dintakurti
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
- Department of Physics, The University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Swee Sien Lim
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Anirban Bagui
- Centre of Excellence for Green Energy and Sensors Systems, Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology, Shibpur, Howrah, 711103, India
| | - John V Hanna
- Department of Physics, The University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK
- School of Materials Science & Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Ave, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Jing Kong
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA
| | - Tze Chien Sum
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ghosh D, Welch E, Neukirch AJ, Zakhidov A, Tretiak S. Polarons in Halide Perovskites: A Perspective. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:3271-3286. [PMID: 32216360 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c00018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Metal halide perovskites (MHPs) have rapidly emerged as leading contenders in photovoltaic technology and other optoelectronic applications owing to their outstanding optoelectronic properties. After a decade of intense research, an in-depth understanding of the charge carrier transport in MHPs is still an active topic of debate. In this Perspective, we discuss the current state of the field by summarizing the most extensively studied carrier transport mechanisms, such as electron-phonon scattering limited dynamics, ferroelectric effects, Rashba-type band splitting, and polaronic transport. We further extensively discuss the emerging experimental and computational evidence for dominant polaronic carrier dynamics in MHPs. Focusing on both small and large polarons, we explore the fundamental aspects of their motion through the lattice, protecting the photogenerated charge carriers from the recombination process. Finally, we outline different physical and chemical approaches considered recently to study and exploit the polaron transport in MHPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dibyajyoti Ghosh
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
- Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Eric Welch
- Material Science, Engineering and Commercialization Department, Texas State University, Texas 78666, United States
- Department of Physics, Texas State University, Texas 78666, United States
| | - Amanda J Neukirch
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Alex Zakhidov
- Material Science, Engineering and Commercialization Department, Texas State University, Texas 78666, United States
- Department of Physics, Texas State University, Texas 78666, United States
| | - Sergei Tretiak
- Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
- Center for Nonlinear Studies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
- Center for Integrated Nanotechnologies, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Kumar GS, Sarkar PK, Pradhan B, Hossain M, Rao KDM, Acharya S. Large-area transparent flexible guanidinium incorporated MAPbI 3 microstructures for high-performance photodetectors with enhanced stability. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2020; 5:696-704. [PMID: 32226965 DOI: 10.1039/c9nh00774a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Unveiling the transparency and flexibility in perovskite-based photodetectors with superior photoresponse and environmental stability remains an open challenge. Here we report on guanidinium incorporated metal halide perovskite (MA1-xGuaxPbI3, x = 0 to 0.65) random percolative microstructure (RPM) fabrication using an ultra-fast spray coating technique. Remarkably, RPMs over a large area of 5 × 5 cm2 on flexible substrates with a transparency of ∼50% can be achieved with enriched environmental stability. Transparent photodetectors based on MA1-xGuaxPbI3 (x = 0.12) RPMs manifest excellent performance with a responsivity of 187 A W-1, a detectivity of 2.23 × 1012 Jones and an external quantum efficiency of 44 115%. Additionally, the photodetectors exhibited superior mechanical flexibility under a wide range of bending angles and large number of binding cycles. Integrating features including transparency, high performance, stability, flexibility and scalability within a photodetector is unmatched and holds potential for novel applications in transparent and wearable optoelectronic devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gundam Sandeep Kumar
- School of Applied & Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700032, India.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Franssen WMJ, van Heumen CMM, Kentgens APM. Structural Investigations of MA 1-xDMA xPbI 3 Mixed-Cation Perovskites. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:3730-3739. [PMID: 32118409 PMCID: PMC7252946 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.9b03380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Recently, a number of variations to the hybrid perovskite structure have been suggested in order to improve on the properties of methylammonium lead iodide, the archetypical hybrid halide perovskite material. In particular, with respect to the chemical stability of the material, steps should be taken. We performed an in-depth analysis of the structure of MAPbI3 upon incorporation of dimethylammonium (DMA) in order to probe the integrity of the perovskite lattice in relation to changes in the organic cation. This material, with formula MA1-xDMAxPbI3, adopts a 3D perovskite structure for 0 < x < 0.2, while a nonperovskite yellow phase is formed for 0.72 < x < 1. In the perovskite phase, the methylammonium and dimethylammonium ions are distributed randomly throughout the lattice. For 0.05 < x < 0.2, the phase-transition temperature of the material is lowered when compared to that of pure MAPbI3 (x = 0). The material, although disordered, has apparent cubic symmetry at room temperature. This leads to a small increase in the band gap of the material of about 20 meV. Using 14N NMR relaxation experiments, the reorientation times of the MA and DMA cations in MA0.8DMA0.2PbI3 were established to be 1.6 and 2.6 ps, respectively, indicating that both ions are very mobile in this material, on par with the MA ions in MAPbI3. All of the produced MA1-xDMAxPbI3 materials were richer in DMA than the precursor solution from which they were crystallized, indicating that DMA incorporation is energetically favorable and suggesting a higher thermodynamic stability of these materials when compared to that of pure MAPbI3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wouter M J Franssen
- Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Cathy M M van Heumen
- Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Arno P M Kentgens
- Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Hu X, Zhang D, Chen T, Chen AZ, Holmgren EN, Zhang Q, Pajerowski DM, Yoon M, Xu G, Choi JJ, Lee SH. Crystal structures and rotational dynamics of a two-dimensional metal halide perovskite (OA)2PbI4. J Chem Phys 2020; 152:014703. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5131667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Hu
- Department of Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - Depei Zhang
- Department of Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - Tianran Chen
- Department of Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - Alexander Z. Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - Eric N. Holmgren
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Daniel M. Pajerowski
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Mina Yoon
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Guangyong Xu
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| | - Joshua J. Choi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - Seung-Hun Lee
- Department of Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
deQuilettes DW, Frohna K, Emin D, Kirchartz T, Bulovic V, Ginger DS, Stranks SD. Charge-Carrier Recombination in Halide Perovskites. Chem Rev 2019; 119:11007-11019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dane W. deQuilettes
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Box 351700, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Kyle Frohna
- Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| | - David Emin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Mexico, 1919 Lomas Boulevard NE, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, United States
| | - Thomas Kirchartz
- IEK5-Photovoltaik, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
- Faculty of Engineering and CENIDE, University of Duisburg-Essen, Carl-Benz-Strasse 199, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Vladimir Bulovic
- Research Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - David S. Ginger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Box 351700, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Samuel D. Stranks
- Cavendish Laboratory, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Franssen WMJ, Kentgens APM. Solid-state NMR of hybrid halide perovskites. SOLID STATE NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE 2019; 100:36-44. [PMID: 30927717 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssnmr.2019.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in the development of perovskite based solar cells have increased the demand for in-depth characterisation of the perovskite structures and the dynamics of their various constituents in relation to the potential impact on the photovoltaic performance. NMR can play an important role in this respect; NMR has been used to study the incorporation of different ionic species, characterize their internal dynamics and diffusion, and monitor the chemical stability of these technologically relevant materials, including upcoming lower dimensional perovskite materials. Furthermore, the flexibility of NMR allows the study of the materials under relevant conditions e.g. under illumination. Here we present an overview of the recent literature on NMR of (hybrid) halide perovskites, focusing on the insights that NMR can provide.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wouter M J Franssen
- Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525, AJ, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Arno P M Kentgens
- Magnetic Resonance Research Center, Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525, AJ, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Geng W, Hu Q, Tong C, Tang Z, Liu L. The Influence of Dipole Moments Induced by Organic Molecules and Domain Structures on the Properties of CH
3
NH
3
PbI
3
Perovskite. ADVANCED THEORY AND SIMULATIONS 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/adts.201900041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Geng
- School of Materials Science & EngineeringPCFM Lab, Sun Yat‐sen University Guangzhou 510275 P. R. China
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center Beijing 100094 China
| | - Qi Hu
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center Beijing 100094 China
| | - Chuan‐Jia Tong
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center Beijing 100094 China
| | - Zhen‐Kun Tang
- Beijing Computational Science Research Center Beijing 100094 China
| | - Li‐Min Liu
- School of PhysicsBeihang University P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Wang Z, Kamarudin MA, Huey NC, Yang F, Pandey M, Kapil G, Ma T, Hayase S. Interfacial Sulfur Functionalization Anchoring SnO 2 and CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 for Enhanced Stability and Trap Passivation in Perovskite Solar Cells. CHEMSUSCHEM 2018; 11:3941-3948. [PMID: 30225914 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201801888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Trap states at the interface or in bulk perovskite materials critically influence perovskite solar cells performance and long-term stability. Here, a strategy for efficiently passivating charge traps and mitigating interfacial recombination by SnO2 surface sulfur functionalization is reported, which utilizes xanthate decomposition on the SnO2 surface at low temperature. The results show that functionalized sulfur atoms can coordinate with under-coordinated Pb2+ ions near the interface. After device fabrication under more than 60 % humidity in ambient air, the efficiency of methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3 ) perovskite solar cells based on sulfur-functionalized SnO2 increased from 16.56 % to 18.41 % with suppressed hysteresis, which resulted from the accelerated interfacial charge transport kinetics and decreased traps in bulk perovskite by interfacial sulfur functionalization. Additionally, thermally stimulated current studies show the decreased trap density in the shallow trap area after interfacial sulfur functionalization. The interfacial sulfur functionalized solar cells without sealing also exhibited considerable retardation of solar cell degradation with only 10 % degradation after 70 days air storage. This work demonstrates a facile sulfur functionalization strategy by using xanthate decomposition on SnO2 surfaces to obtain highly efficient perovskite solar cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Wang
- Faculty of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 808-0196, Japan
| | - Muhammad Akmal Kamarudin
- Faculty of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 808-0196, Japan
| | - Ng Chi Huey
- Faculty of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 808-0196, Japan
| | - Fu Yang
- Faculty of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 808-0196, Japan
| | - Manish Pandey
- Faculty of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 808-0196, Japan
| | - Gaurav Kapil
- Faculty of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 808-0196, Japan
| | - Tingli Ma
- Faculty of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 808-0196, Japan
| | - Shuzi Hayase
- Faculty of Life Science and Systems Engineering, Kyushu Institute of Technology, 2-4 Hibikino, Wakamatsu-ku, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, 808-0196, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Gallop NP, Selig O, Giubertoni G, Bakker HJ, Rezus YLA, Frost JM, Jansen TLC, Lovrincic R, Bakulin AA. Rotational Cation Dynamics in Metal Halide Perovskites: Effect on Phonons and Material Properties. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:5987-5997. [PMID: 30260646 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b02227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The dynamics of organic cations in metal halide hybrid perovskites (MHPs) have been investigated using numerous experimental and computational techniques because of their suspected effects on the properties of MHPs. In this Perspective, we summarize and reconcile key findings and present new data to synthesize a unified understanding of the dynamics of the cations. We conclude that theory and experiment collectively paint a relatively complete picture of rotational dynamics within MHPs. This picture is then used to discuss the consequences of structural dynamics for electron-phonon interactions and their effect on material properties by providing a brief account of key studies that correlate cation dynamics with the dynamics of the inorganic sublattice and overall device properties.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nathaniel P Gallop
- Ultrafast Optoelectronics Group, Department of Chemistry , Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ , U.K
| | - Oleg Selig
- AMOLF , Science Park 104 , 1098 XG Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | | | - Huib J Bakker
- AMOLF , Science Park 104 , 1098 XG Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Yves L A Rezus
- AMOLF , Science Park 104 , 1098 XG Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Jarvist M Frost
- Department of Physics , Kings College London , London WC2R 2LS , U.K
| | - Thomas L C Jansen
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials , University of Groningen , Nijenborgh 4 , 9747 AG Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Robert Lovrincic
- InnovationLab Heidelberg and TU Braunschweig , Speyerer Str. 4 , 69115 Heidelberg , Germany
| | - Artem A Bakulin
- Ultrafast Optoelectronics Group, Department of Chemistry , Imperial College London , London SW7 2AZ , U.K
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Senocrate A, Moudrakovski I, Maier J. Short-range ion dynamics in methylammonium lead iodide by multinuclear solid state NMR and 127I NQR. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:20043-20055. [PMID: 30022194 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp01535j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We explore the short-range ion dynamics in methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3, the archetypal halide perovskite) by means of solid-state NMR (1H, 13C, 14N, 15N and 207Pb) and Nuclear Quadrupolar Resonance (127I NQR), in combination with molecular dynamics simulations. We focus on the rotational motion of the methylammonium (MA) cation, and on the interaction between MA and the inorganic lattice, since these processes are linked to electronic carrier lifetimes, optical and electronic properties and even structural stability of this promising solar cell material. We show that the motion of the MA cation can be described by a bi-axial rotation, with similar interactions of CH3 and NH3+ groups with the inorganic framework. This motion becomes nearly isotropic above the cubic phase transition, dominating the spin-lattice relaxation of 1H, 13C and 15N through spin-rotational interactions. In addition, we observe strong cross-relaxation between 207Pb and 127I, which fully controls spin-spin and spin-lattice relaxation in 207Pb.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Senocrate
- Department of Physical Chemistry of Solids, Max Planck Institute for Solid State Research, Heisenbergstr. 1, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
25
|
Guo P, Gong J, Sadasivam S, Xia Y, Song TB, Diroll BT, Stoumpos CC, Ketterson JB, Kanatzidis MG, Chan MKY, Darancet P, Xu T, Schaller RD. Slow thermal equilibration in methylammonium lead iodide revealed by transient mid-infrared spectroscopy. Nat Commun 2018; 9:2792. [PMID: 30022022 PMCID: PMC6052157 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-05015-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites are emerging semiconductors for cheap and efficient photovoltaics and light-emitting devices. Different from conventional inorganic semiconductors, hybrid perovskites consist of coexisting organic and inorganic sub-lattices, which present disparate atomic masses and bond strengths. The nanoscopic interpenetration of these disparate components, which lack strong electronic and vibrational coupling, presents fundamental challenges to the understanding of charge and heat dissipation. Here we study phonon population and equilibration processes in methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) by transiently probing the vibrational modes of the organic sub-lattice following above-bandgap optical excitation. We observe inter-sub-lattice thermal equilibration on timescales ranging from hundreds of picoseconds to a couple of nanoseconds. As supported by a two-temperature model based on first-principles calculations, the slow thermal equilibration is attributable to the sequential phonon populations of the inorganic and organic sub-lattices, respectively. The observed long-lasting thermal non-equilibrium offers insights into thermal transport and heat management of the emergent hybrid material class.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peijun Guo
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Jue Gong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, 1425W. Lincoln Hwy., DeKalb, IL, 60115, USA
| | - Sridhar Sadasivam
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Yi Xia
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Tze-Bin Song
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Benjamin T Diroll
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Constantinos C Stoumpos
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - John B Ketterson
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Mercouri G Kanatzidis
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA
| | - Maria K Y Chan
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Pierre Darancet
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, 1425W. Lincoln Hwy., DeKalb, IL, 60115, USA
| | - Richard D Schaller
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, 9700 South Cass Avenue, Lemont, IL, 60439, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL, 60208, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Gong J, Yang M, Rebollar D, Rucinski J, Liveris Z, Zhu K, Xu T. Divalent Anionic Doping in Perovskite Solar Cells for Enhanced Chemical Stability. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1800973. [PMID: 29984441 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201800973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Revised: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The chemical stabilities of hybrid perovskite materials demand further improvement toward long-term and large-scale photovoltaic applications. Herein, the enhanced chemical stability of CH3 NH3 PbI3 is reported by doping the divalent anion Se2- in the form of PbSe in precursor solutions to enhance the hydrogen-bonding-like interactions between the organic cations and the inorganic framework. As a result, in 100% humidity at 40 °C, the 10% w/w PbSe-doped CH3 NH3 PbI3 films exhibited >140-fold stability improvement over pristine CH3 NH3 PbI3 films. As the PbSe-doped CH3 NH3 PbI3 films maintained the perovskite structure, a top efficiency of 10.4% with 70% retention after 700 h aging in ambient air is achieved with an unencapsulated 10% w/w PbSe:MAPbI3 -based cell. As a bonus, the incorporated Se2- also effectively suppresses iodine diffusion, leading to enhanced chemical stability of the silver electrodes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jue Gong
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, 60115, USA
| | - Mengjin Yang
- Chemistry and Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Dominic Rebollar
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, 60115, USA
| | - Jordan Rucinski
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, 60115, USA
| | - Zachary Liveris
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, 60115, USA
| | - Kai Zhu
- Chemistry and Nanoscience Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL, 60115, USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Kubicki DJ, Prochowicz D, Hofstetter A, Saski M, Yadav P, Bi D, Pellet N, Lewiński J, Zakeeruddin SM, Grätzel M, Emsley L. Formation of Stable Mixed Guanidinium–Methylammonium Phases with Exceptionally Long Carrier Lifetimes for High-Efficiency Lead Iodide-Based Perovskite Photovoltaics. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:3345-3351. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b12860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dominik J. Kubicki
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Prochowicz
- Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Albert Hofstetter
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marcin Saski
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Pankaj Yadav
- Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Department of Solar Energy, School of Technology, Pandit Deendayal Petroleum University, Gandhinagar 382 007, Gujarat, India
| | - Dongqin Bi
- Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Norman Pellet
- Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Janusz Lewiński
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Shaik M. Zakeeruddin
- Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michael Grätzel
- Laboratory of Photonics and Interfaces, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lyndon Emsley
- Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Bernard GM, Wasylishen RE, Ratcliffe CI, Terskikh V, Wu Q, Buriak JM, Hauger T. Methylammonium Cation Dynamics in Methylammonium Lead Halide Perovskites: A Solid-State NMR Perspective. J Phys Chem A 2018; 122:1560-1573. [PMID: 29337561 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b11558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
In light of the intense recent interest in the methylammonium lead halides, CH3NH3PbX3 (X = Cl, Br, and I) as sensitizers for photovoltaic cells, the dynamics of the methylammonium (MA) cation in these perovskite salts has been reinvestigated as a function of temperature via 2H, 14N, and 207Pb NMR spectroscopy. In the cubic phase of all three salts, the MA cation undergoes pseudoisotropic tumbling (picosecond time scale). For example, the correlation time, τ2, for the C-N axis of the iodide salt is 0.85 ± 0.30 ps at 330 K. The dynamics of the MA cation are essentially continuous across the cubic ↔ tetragonal phase transition; however, 2H and 14N NMR line shapes indicate that subtle ordering of the MA cation occurs in the tetragonal phase. The temperature dependence of the cation ordering is rationalized using a six-site model, with two equivalent sites along the c-axis and four equivalent sites either perpendicular or approximately perpendicular to this axis. As the cubic ↔ tetragonal phase transition temperature is approached, the six sites are nearly equally populated. Below the tetragonal ↔ orthorhombic phase transition, 2H NMR line shapes indicate that the C-N axis is essentially frozen.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guy M Bernard
- Gunning-Lemieux Chemistry Centre, University of Alberta , 11227 Saskatchewan Drive NW, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Roderick E Wasylishen
- Gunning-Lemieux Chemistry Centre, University of Alberta , 11227 Saskatchewan Drive NW, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2
| | | | - Victor Terskikh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Ottawa , 10 Marie Curie Private, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Qichao Wu
- Gunning-Lemieux Chemistry Centre, University of Alberta , 11227 Saskatchewan Drive NW, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Jillian M Buriak
- Gunning-Lemieux Chemistry Centre, University of Alberta , 11227 Saskatchewan Drive NW, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2
| | - Tate Hauger
- Gunning-Lemieux Chemistry Centre, University of Alberta , 11227 Saskatchewan Drive NW, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G2
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Fabini DH, Siaw TA, Stoumpos CC, Laurita G, Olds D, Page K, Hu JG, Kanatzidis MG, Han S, Seshadri R. Universal Dynamics of Molecular Reorientation in Hybrid Lead Iodide Perovskites. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:16875-16884. [PMID: 29094934 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b09536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The role of organic molecular cations in the high-performance perovskite photovoltaic absorbers, methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3) and formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI3), has been an enigmatic subject of great interest. Beyond aiding in the ease of processing of thin films for photovoltaic devices, there have been suggestions that many of the remarkable properties of the halide perovskites can be attributed to the dipolar nature and the dynamic behavior of these cations. Here, we establish the dynamics of the molecular cations in FAPbI3 between 4 K and 340 K and the nature of their interaction with the surrounding inorganic cage using a combination of solid state nuclear magnetic resonance and dielectric spectroscopies, neutron scattering, calorimetry, and ab initio calculations. Detailed comparisons with the reported temperature dependence of the dynamics of MAPbI3 are then carried out which reveal the molecular ions in the two different compounds to exhibit very similar rotation rates (≈8 ps) at room temperature, despite differences in other temperature regimes. For FA, rotation about the N···N axis, which reorients the molecular dipole, is the dominant motion in all phases, with an activation barrier of ≈21 meV in the ambient phase, compared to ≈110 meV for the analogous dipole reorientation of MA. Geometrical frustration of the molecule-cage interaction in FAPbI3 produces a disordered γ-phase and subsequent glassy freezing at yet lower temperatures. Hydrogen bonds suggested by atom-atom distances from neutron total scattering experiments imply a substantial role for the molecules in directing structure and dictating properties. The temperature dependence of reorientation of the dipolar molecular cations systematically described here can clarify various hypotheses including those of large-polaron charge transport and fugitive electron spin polarization that have been invoked in the context of these unusual materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Douglas H Fabini
- Materials Department and Materials Research Laboratory, University of California , Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Ting Ann Siaw
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California , Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Constantinos C Stoumpos
- Department of Chemistry and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research Center, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Geneva Laurita
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Bates College , Lewiston, Maine 04240, United States
| | - Daniel Olds
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Katharine Page
- Neutron Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Jerry G Hu
- Materials Department and Materials Research Laboratory, University of California , Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Mercouri G Kanatzidis
- Department of Chemistry and Argonne-Northwestern Solar Energy Research Center, Northwestern University , Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Songi Han
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California , Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States.,Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California , Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| | - Ram Seshadri
- Materials Department and Materials Research Laboratory, University of California , Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States.,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California , Santa Barbara, California 93106, United States
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Aphrham S, Pan Q, Zaccarine SF, Felter KM, Thieme J, van den Nieuwenhuijzen KJH, Ten Elshof JE, Huijser A. Effect of Water Addition during Preparation on the Early-Time Photodynamics of CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 Perovskite Layers. Chemphyschem 2017; 18:3320-3324. [PMID: 29024345 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201700896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The effect of water addition during preparation of a CH3 NH3 PbI3 layer on the photodynamics is studied by femtosecond transient absorption. Both the regular perovskite and the aqueous analogue show charge thermalisation on a timescale of about 500 fs. This process is, however, less pronounced in the latter layer. The spectral feature associated with hot charges does not fully decay on this timescale, but also shows a long-lived (sub-ns) component. As water molecules may interfere with the hydrogen bonding between the CH3 NH3+ cations and the inorganic cage, this effect is possibly caused by immobilisation of cation motion, suggesting a key role of CH3 NH3+ dipole reorientation in charge thermalisation. This effect shows the possibility of controlling hot charge carrier cooling to overcome the Shockley-Queisser limit.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Aphrham
- MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, 7500, AE, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Q Pan
- MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, 7500, AE, Enschede, The Netherlands.,Institute of Molecules and Materials, Radboud University Nijmegen, 6525, AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - S F Zaccarine
- MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, 7500, AE, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - K M Felter
- Chemical Engineering department, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, 2600, GA, Delft, The Netherlands
| | - J Thieme
- Chemical Engineering department, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, 2600, GA, Delft, The Netherlands
| | | | - J E Ten Elshof
- MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, 7500, AE, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - A Huijser
- MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, 7500, AE, Enschede, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Miyata K, Atallah TL, Zhu XY. Lead halide perovskites: Crystal-liquid duality, phonon glass electron crystals, and large polaron formation. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2017; 3:e1701469. [PMID: 29043296 PMCID: PMC5640380 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1701469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 09/14/2017] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Lead halide perovskites have been demonstrated as high performance materials in solar cells and light-emitting devices. These materials are characterized by coherent band transport expected from crystalline semiconductors, but dielectric responses and phonon dynamics typical of liquids. This "crystal-liquid" duality implies that lead halide perovskites belong to phonon glass electron crystals, a class of materials believed to make the most efficient thermoelectrics. We show that the crystal-liquid duality and the resulting dielectric response are responsible for large polaron formation and screening of charge carriers, leading to defect tolerance, moderate charge carrier mobility, and radiative recombination properties. Large polaron formation, along with the phonon glass character, may also explain the marked reduction in hot carrier cooling rates in these materials.
Collapse
|
32
|
Monahan DM, Guo L, Lin J, Dou L, Yang P, Fleming GR. Room-Temperature Coherent Optical Phonon in 2D Electronic Spectra of CH 3NH 3PbI 3 Perovskite as a Possible Cooling Bottleneck. J Phys Chem Lett 2017; 8:3211-3215. [PMID: 28661142 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.7b01357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
A hot phonon bottleneck may be responsible for slow hot carrier cooling in methylammonium lead iodide hybrid perovskite, creating the potential for more efficient hot carrier photovoltaics. In room-temperature 2D electronic spectra near the band edge, we observe amplitude oscillations due to a remarkably long lived 0.9 THz coherent phonon population at room temperature. This phonon (or set of phonons) is assigned to angular distortions of the Pb-I lattice, not coupled to cation rotations. The strong coupling between the electronic transition and the 0.9 THz mode(s), together with relative isolation from other phonon modes, makes it likely to cause a phonon bottleneck. The pump frequency resolution of the 2D spectra also enables independent observation of photoinduced absorptions and bleaches independently and confirms that features due to band gap renormalization are longer-lived than in transient absorption spectra.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniele M Monahan
- Department of Chemistry, University of California , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute at Berkeley , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Liang Guo
- Department of Chemistry, University of California , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute at Berkeley , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jia Lin
- Department of Chemistry, University of California , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute at Berkeley , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Letian Dou
- Department of Chemistry, University of California , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute at Berkeley , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Peidong Yang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute at Berkeley , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Graham R Fleming
- Department of Chemistry, University of California , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Molecular Biophysics and Integrated Bioimaging Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Kavli Energy NanoSciences Institute at Berkeley , Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Kubicki DJ, Prochowicz D, Hofstetter A, Péchy P, Zakeeruddin SM, Grätzel M, Emsley L. Cation Dynamics in Mixed-Cation (MA)x(FA)1–xPbI3 Hybrid Perovskites from Solid-State NMR. J Am Chem Soc 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b04930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dominik J. Kubicki
- Laboratory
of Magnetic Resonance, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Daniel Prochowicz
- Laboratory
of Photonics and Interfaces, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Albert Hofstetter
- Laboratory
of Magnetic Resonance, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Péter Péchy
- Laboratory
of Photonics and Interfaces, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Shaik M. Zakeeruddin
- Laboratory
of Photonics and Interfaces, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Michael Grätzel
- Laboratory
of Photonics and Interfaces, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Lyndon Emsley
- Laboratory
of Magnetic Resonance, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Hailili R, Dong G, Ma Y, Jin S, Wang C, Xu T. Layered Perovskite Pb2Bi4Ti5O18 for Excellent Visible Light-Driven Photocatalytic NO Removal. Ind Eng Chem Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.6b04706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Reshalaiti Hailili
- Laboratory of Environmental Sciences and Technology, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
- The Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guohui Dong
- Laboratory of Environmental Sciences and Technology, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Yichi Ma
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb Illinois 60115, United States
| | - Si Jin
- Laboratory of Environmental Sciences and Technology, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Chuanyi Wang
- Laboratory of Environmental Sciences and Technology, Xinjiang Technical Institute of Physics & Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Functional Materials and Devices for Special Environments, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi 830011, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb Illinois 60115, United States
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Wang HY, Hao MY, Han J, Yu M, Qin Y, Zhang P, Guo ZX, Ai XC, Zhang JP. Adverse Effects of Excess Residual PbI2
on Photovoltaic Performance, Charge Separation, and Trap-State Properties in Mesoporous Structured Perovskite Solar Cells. Chemistry 2017; 23:3986-3992. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201605668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Yi Wang
- Department of Chemistry; Renmin University of China; Beijing 100872 P.R. China
| | - Ming-Yang Hao
- Department of Chemistry; Renmin University of China; Beijing 100872 P.R. China
| | - Jun Han
- Department of Chemistry; Renmin University of China; Beijing 100872 P.R. China
| | - Man Yu
- Department of Chemistry; Renmin University of China; Beijing 100872 P.R. China
| | - Yujun Qin
- Department of Chemistry; Renmin University of China; Beijing 100872 P.R. China
| | - Pu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry; Renmin University of China; Beijing 100872 P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Xin Guo
- Department of Chemistry; Renmin University of China; Beijing 100872 P.R. China
| | - Xi-Cheng Ai
- Department of Chemistry; Renmin University of China; Beijing 100872 P.R. China
| | - Jian-Ping Zhang
- Department of Chemistry; Renmin University of China; Beijing 100872 P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|