1
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Li Q, Liu QY, Zhao YX, He SG. Conversion of Methane at Room Temperature Mediated by the Ta-Ta σ-Bond. JACS AU 2024; 4:1824-1832. [PMID: 38818048 PMCID: PMC11134373 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.4c00032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/01/2024]
Abstract
Metal-metal bonds constitute an important type of reactive centers for chemical transformation; however, the availability of active metal-metal bonds being capable of converting methane under mild conditions, the holy grail in catalysis, remains a serious challenge. Herein, benefiting from the systematic investigation of 36 metal clusters of tantalum by using mass spectrometric experiments complemented with quantum chemical calculations, the dehydrogenation of methane at room temperature was successfully achieved by 18 cluster species featuring σ-bonding electrons localized in single naked Ta-Ta centers. In sharp contrast, the other 18 remaining clusters, either without naked Ta-Ta σ-bond or with σ-bonding electrons delocalized over multiple Ta-Ta centers only exhibit molecular CH4-adsorption reactivity or inertness. Mechanistic studies revealed that changing cluster geometric configurations and tuning the number of simple inorganic ligands (e.g., oxygen) could flexibly manipulate the presence or absence of such a reactive Ta-Ta σ-bond. The discovery of Ta-Ta σ-type bond being able to exhibit outstanding activity toward methane conversion not only overturns the traditional recognition that only the metal-metal π- or δ-bonds of early transition metals could participate in bond activation but also opens up a new access to design of promising metal catalysts with dual-atom as reactive sites for chemical transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Li
- State
Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species,
Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy
of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and CAS Research/Education
Centre of Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Qing-Yu Liu
- State
Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species,
Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy
of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and CAS Research/Education
Centre of Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Yan-Xia Zhao
- State
Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species,
Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy
of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and CAS Research/Education
Centre of Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Sheng-Gui He
- State
Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species,
Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy
of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
- University
of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and CAS Research/Education
Centre of Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
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2
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Wang M, Zhang FX, Chen ZY, Ma JB. Activation and Transformation of Methane on Boron-Doped Cobalt Oxide Cluster Cations CoBO 2. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:1537-1542. [PMID: 38181068 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c03112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2024]
Abstract
The cleavage of inert C-H bonds in methane at room temperature and the subsequent conversion into value-added products are quite challenging. Herein, the reactivity of boron-doped cobalt oxide cluster cations CoBO2+ toward methane under thermal collision conditions was studied by mass spectrometry experiments and quantum-chemical calculations. In this reaction, one H atom and the CH3 unit of methane were transformed separately to generate the product metaboric acid (HBO2) and one CoCH3+ ion, respectively. Theoretical calculations strongly suggest that a catalytic cycle can be completed by the recovery of CoBO2+ through the reaction of CoCH3+ with sodium perborate (NaBO3), and this reaction generates sodium methoxide (CH3ONa) as the other value-added product. This study shows that boron-doped cobalt oxide species are highly reactive to facilitate thermal methane transformation and may open a way to develop more effective approaches for methane (CH4) activation and conversion under mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Feng-Xiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Zhi-Ying Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Jia-Bi Ma
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 102488, China
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3
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Parker K, Bollis NE, Ryzhov V. Ion-molecule reactions of mass-selected ions. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2024; 43:47-89. [PMID: 36447431 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Gas-phase reactions of mass-selected ions with neutrals covers a very broad area of fundamental and applied mass spectrometry (MS). Oftentimes, ion-molecule reactions (IMR) can serve as a viable alternative to collision-induced dissociation and other ion dissociation techniques when using tandem MS. This review focuses on the literature pertaining applications of IMR since 2013. During the past decade considerable efforts have been made in analytical applications of IMR, including advances in one of the major techniques for characterization of unsaturated fatty acids and lipids, ozone-induced dissociation, and the development of a new technique for sequencing of large ions, hydrogen atom attachment/abstraction dissociation. Many advances have also been made in identifying gas-phase chemistry specific to a functional group in organic and biological compounds, which are useful in structure elucidation of analytes and differentiation of isomers/isobars. With "soft" ionization techniques like electrospray ionization having become mainstream for quite some time now, the efforts in the area of metal ion catalysis have firmly moved into exploring chemistry of ligated metal complexes in their "natural" oxidation states allowing to model individual steps of mechanisms in homogeneous catalysis, especially in combination with high-level DFT calculations. Finally, IMR continue to contribute to the body of knowledge in the area of chemistry of interstellar processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Parker
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois, USA
| | - Nicholas E Bollis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois, USA
| | - Victor Ryzhov
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, Illinois, USA
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4
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Liu Z, Yan Y, Yang Y, Zhang F, Jia J, Li Y. Coordination-induced bond weakening in NiC3: An experimental and theoretical investigation. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:114304. [PMID: 37721325 DOI: 10.1063/5.0168717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Mass-selected photoelectron velocity-map imaging spectroscopy in conjunction with the density functional theory calculations was employed to investigate the geometrical and chemical bonding properties of NiC3-/0. Both the photoelectron spectrum and photoelectron angular distribution were measured from the spectra, yielding useful geometrical and electronic information about NiC3-/0. The complementary theoretical calculations suggest that the linear and fan-like structures were both populated experimentally in the cluster beam. Further comparative study on the synergistic donor-acceptor interactions in both isomers revealed the side-on coordination-induced bond weakening in the fan-like isomer as compared to the linear isomer. These findings will shed light on the structure-dependent reactivity of transition metal carbides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiling Liu
- School of Chemical and Material Science, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules & Magnetic Information Materials, the Ministry of Education, Shanxi Normal University, No. 339, Taiyu Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030031, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonghong Yan
- School of Chemical and Material Science, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules & Magnetic Information Materials, the Ministry of Education, Shanxi Normal University, No. 339, Taiyu Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030031, People's Republic of China
| | - Yufeng Yang
- School of Chemical and Material Science, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules & Magnetic Information Materials, the Ministry of Education, Shanxi Normal University, No. 339, Taiyu Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030031, People's Republic of China
| | - Fuqiang Zhang
- School of Chemical and Material Science, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules & Magnetic Information Materials, the Ministry of Education, Shanxi Normal University, No. 339, Taiyu Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030031, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianfeng Jia
- School of Chemical and Material Science, Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules & Magnetic Information Materials, the Ministry of Education, Shanxi Normal University, No. 339, Taiyu Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030031, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya Li
- School of Geographical Sciences, Shanxi Normal University, No. 339, Taiyu Road, Taiyuan, Shanxi 030031, People's Republic of China
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5
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Li S, Wu XN, Zhou S. Methane Activation by [OsC 3] +: Implications for Catalyst Design. J Phys Chem Lett 2023:5236-5240. [PMID: 37262342 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c00982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Gas-phase reactions of [OsC3]+ with methane at ambient temperature have been studied by using quadrupole-ion trap mass spectrometry combined with quantum chemical calculations. The comparison of [OsC3]+ with the product clusters revealed significant changes in cluster reactivity. In particular, with different ligands, the cluster may produce multiple products or, alternatively, just a single product. Theoretical calculations reveal the influence of electronic features such as molecular polarity index, charge and spin distribution, and HOMO-LUMO gap on the reactivity of the Os complexes. Fundamentally, it is the polarity of the clusters that leads to the cluster reactivity in the methane activation. Furthermore, reducing the local polarity of the catalyst active site may be one means of reducing the number of byproducts in the reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shihan Li
- College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Chemical Engineering Manufacture Technology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Nan Wu
- Institute of Zhejiang University - Quzhou, Zheda Road #99, Quzhou 324000, P. R. China
| | - Shaodong Zhou
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Med-X Research Institute, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, P. R. China
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6
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Yuan B, Liu Z, Wu XN, Zhou S. On the distinct reactivity of two isomers of [IrC4H2]+ toward methane and water. Sci China Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-022-1342-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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7
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Yang Y, Zhao Y, He S. Conversion of CH
4
Catalyzed by Gas Phase Ions Containing Metals. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202200062. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202200062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Yang
- Green Catalysis Center and College of Chemistry Zhengzhou University Zhengzhou 450001 P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Yan‐Xia Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and CAS Research/Education Centre of Excellence in Molecular Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Sheng‐Gui He
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 P. R. China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and CAS Research/Education Centre of Excellence in Molecular Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
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8
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Kumar M, Dar MA, Katiyar A, Agrawal R, Shenai P, Srinivasan V. Role of Magnetization on Catalytic Pathways of Non-Oxidative Methane Activation on Neutral Iron Carbide Clusters. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:11668-11679. [DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05769c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Methane has emerged as a promising fuel due to its abundance and clean combustion properties. It is also a raw material for various value added chemicals. However, the conversion of...
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9
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Liu Z, Lin Q, Li Y, He J, Jiao J, Li L, Yan Y, Wu H, Zhang F, Jia J, Xie H. Photoelectron velocity-map imaging spectroscopy of nickel carbide: Examination of the low-lying electronic states. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj01564a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The photoelectron detachment of nickel carbide anion has been characterized using the photoelectron velocity-map imaging spectroscopy, allowing for a precise assignment of the electron affinity, vibrational frequencies, energy spacing and...
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10
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High throughput computational screening of tantalum based small metal clusters for nitrogen fixation. Inorganica Chim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2021.120700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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11
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Wu H, Wu XN, Jin X, Zhou Y, Li W, Ji C, Zhou M. Quadruple C-H Bond Activations of Methane by Dinuclear Rhodium Carbide Cation [Rh 2C 3] . JACS AU 2021; 1:1631-1638. [PMID: 34723266 PMCID: PMC8549038 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The structure of the [Rh2C3]+ ion and its reaction with CH4 in the gas phase have been studied by infrared photodissociation spectroscopy and mass spectrometry in conjunction with quantum chemical calculations. The [Rh2C3]+ ion is characterized to have an unsymmetrical linear [Rh-C-C-C-Rh]+ structure existing in two nearly isoenergetic spin states. The [Rh2C3]+ ion reacts with CH4 at room temperature to form [Rh2C]+ + C3H4 and [Rh2C2H2]+ + C2H2 as the major products. In addition to the [Rh2C]+ ion, the [Rh2 13C]+ ion is formed at about one-half of the [Rh2C]+ intensity when the isotopic-labeled 13CH4 sample is used. The production of [Rh2 13C]+ indicates that the linear C3 moiety of [Rh2C3]+ can be replaced by the bare carbon atom of methane with all four C-H bonds being activated. The calculations suggest that the overall reactions are thermodynamically exothermic, and that the two Rh centers are the reactive sites for C-H bond activation and hydrogen atom transfer reactions.
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12
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Lu SJ, Wang K. Structural Determination and Bonding Properties of Gas-Phase Ternary [O, Ta, 2C] - Anions. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:8907-8911. [PMID: 34601877 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c07412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A combined anion photoelectron spectroscopic and quantum chemical investigation was performed to explore the structures and bonding properties of ternary [O, Ta, 2C]- anions. The atomic bonding connectivity of the ternary anion was found to be (O-Ta-C2)- rather than (Ta-O-C2)-. The photoelectron spectrum using 266 nm photons was measured, and the theoretical simulated spectrum was calculated, with good agreement between experimental and theoretical results being found. Computations obtained electronic energies and low-energy structures and enabled chemical bonding analyses. The experimental vertical detachment energies of OTaC2- were measured to be 2.85 ± 0.08 eV. OTaC2- exhibits π aromaticity with two delocalized π electrons and σ antiaromaticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Jie Lu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Heze University, Heze, Shandong 274015, China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Kang Wang
- College of Physics and Electronic Engineering, Heze University, Heze, Shandong Province 274015, China
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13
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The Reactive Sites of Methane Activation: A Comparison of IrC 3+ with PtC 3. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26196028. [PMID: 34641573 PMCID: PMC8512126 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26196028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The activation reactions of methane mediated by metal carbide ions MC3+ (M = Ir and Pt) were comparatively studied at room temperature using the techniques of mass spectrometry in conjunction with theoretical calculations. MC3+ (M = Ir and Pt) ions reacted with CH4 at room temperature forming MC2H2+/C2H2 and MC4H2+/H2 as the major products for both systems. Besides that, PtC3+ could abstract a hydrogen atom from CH4 to generate PtC3H+/CH3, while IrC3+ could not. Quantum chemical calculations showed that the MC3+ (M = Ir and Pt) ions have a linear M-C-C-C structure. The first C-H activation took place on the Ir atom for IrC3+. The terminal carbon atom was the reactive site for the first C-H bond activation of PtC3+, which was beneficial to generate PtC3H+/CH3. The orbitals of the different metal influence the selection of the reactive sites for methane activation, which results in the different reaction channels. This study investigates the molecular-level mechanisms of the reactive sites of methane activation.
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14
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Megha, Banerjee A, Ghanty TK. Adsorption and activation of CO2 molecule on subnanometer-sized anionic vanadium carbide clusters V C4− (n = 1–6): A theoretical study. MOLECULAR CATALYSIS 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mcat.2021.111871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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15
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Eckhard JF, Masubuchi T, Tschurl M, Barnett RN, Landman U, Heiz U. Room-Temperature Methane Activation Mediated by Free Tantalum Cluster Cations: Size-by-Size Reactivity. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:5289-5302. [PMID: 34128681 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c02384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The energetics of small cationic tantalum clusters and their gas-phase adsorption and dehydrogenation reaction pathways with methane are investigated with ion-trap experiments and spin-density-functional-theory calculations. Tan+ clusters are exposed to methane under multicollision conditions in a cryogenic ring electrode ion-trap. The cluster size affects the reaction efficiency and the number of consecutively dehydrogenated methane molecules. Small clusters (n = 1-4) dehydrogenate CH4 and concurrently eliminate H2, while larger clusters (n > 4) demonstrate only molecular adsorption of methane. Unique behavior is found for the Ta+ cation, which dehydrogenates consecutively up to four CH4 molecules and is predicted theoretically to promote formation of a [Ta(CH2-CH2-CH2)(CH2)]+ product, exhibiting C-C coupled groups. Underlying mechanisms, including reaction-enhancing couplings between potential energy surfaces of different spin-multiplicities, are uncovered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan F Eckhard
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie, Chemistry Department & Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Tsugunosuke Masubuchi
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie, Chemistry Department & Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Martin Tschurl
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie, Chemistry Department & Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Robert N Barnett
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0430, United States
| | - Uzi Landman
- School of Physics, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0430, United States
| | - Ueli Heiz
- Lehrstuhl für Physikalische Chemie, Chemistry Department & Catalysis Research Center, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstrasse 4, 85748 Garching, Germany
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16
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Liu YZ, Chen JJ, Li XN, He SG. Activation of Carbon Dioxide by CoCD n- ( n = 0-4) Anions. J Phys Chem A 2021; 125:3710-3717. [PMID: 33899469 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.1c02229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Laser ablation generated CoCDn- (n = 0-4) anions were mass selected and then reacted with CO2 in an ion trap reactor. The reactions were characterized by mass spectrometry and quantum chemical calculations. The experimental results demonstrated that the CoC- anion can convert CO2 into CO. In contrast, the bare Co- anion is inert toward CO2. Coordinated D ligands can modify the reactivity of CoCD1-4- in which CoCD1-3- can reduce CO2 into CO selectively and CoCD4- can only adsorb CO2. The crucial roles of the coordinated C and D ligands to tune the reactivity of CoCDn- (n = 0-4) toward CO2 were rationalized by theoretical calculations. Note that the hydrogenation process that is usually observed in the reactions of gas-phase metal hydrides with CO2 is completely suppressed for the reactions CoCDn- + CO2. This study provides insights into the molecular-level origin for the observations that CO can be selectively generated from CO2 catalyzed by cobalt-containing carbides in heterogeneous catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun-Zhu Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and CAS Research/Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jiao-Jiao Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and CAS Research/Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiao-Na Li
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and CAS Research/Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Sheng-Gui He
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and CAS Research/Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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17
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Bhumla P, Kumar M, Bhattacharya S. Theoretical insights into C-H bond activation of methane by transition metal clusters: the role of anharmonic effects. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2021; 3:575-583. [PMID: 36131731 PMCID: PMC9417659 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00669f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In heterogeneous catalysis, the determination of active phases has been a long-standing challenge, as materials' properties change under operational conditions (i.e. temperature (T) and pressure (p) in an atmosphere of reactive molecules). As a first step towards materials design for methane activation, we study the T and p dependence of the composition, structure, and stability of metal oxide clusters in a reactive atmosphere at thermodynamic equilibrium using a prototypical model catalyst having wide practical applications: free transition metal (Ni) clusters in a combined oxygen and methane atmosphere. A robust methodological approach is employed, where the starting point is systematic scanning of the potential energy surface (PES) to obtain the global minimum structures using a massively parallel cascade genetic algorithm (cGA) at the hybrid density functional level. The low energy clusters are further analyzed to estimate their thermodynamic stability at realistic T, p O2 and p CH4 using ab initio atomistic thermodynamics (aiAT). To incorporate the anharmonicity in the vibrational free energy contribution to the configurational entropy, we evaluate the excess free energy of the clusters numerically by a thermodynamic integration method with ab initio molecular dynamics (aiMD) simulation inputs. By analyzing a large dataset, we show that the conventional harmonic approximation miserably fails for this class of materials, and capturing the anharmonic effects on the vibration free energy contribution is indispensable. The latter has a significant impact on detecting the activation of the C-H bond, while the harmonic infrared spectrum fails to capture this, due to the wrong prediction of the vibrational modes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Bhumla
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi New Delhi India +91 11 2658 2037 +91 11 2659 1359
| | - Manish Kumar
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi New Delhi India +91 11 2658 2037 +91 11 2659 1359
| | - Saswata Bhattacharya
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi New Delhi India +91 11 2658 2037 +91 11 2659 1359
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18
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Li Y, Wang M, Ding YQ, Zhao CY, Ma JB. Consecutive methane activation mediated by single metal boride cluster anions NbB 4. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:12592-12599. [PMID: 34047332 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp01418h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cleavage of all C-H bonds in two methane molecules by gas-phase cluster ions at room temperature is a challenging task. Herein, mass spectrometry and quantum chemical calculations have been used to identify one single metal boride cluster anions NbB4- that can activate eight C-H bonds in two methane molecules and release one H2 molecule each time under thermal collision conditions. In these consecutive reactions, the loaded Nb atoms and the support B4 units play different roles but act synergistically to activate CH4, which is responsible for the interesting reactivity of NbB4-. Moreover, there are some mechanistic differences in these two reactions, including the mechanisms for the first C-H bond activation steps, dihydrogen desorption sites, and major electron donors. This study shows that non-noble metal boride species are reactive enough to facilitate thermal C-H bond cleavages, and boron-based materials may be one kind of potential support material facilitating surface hydrogen transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Li
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 102488, P. R. China.
| | - Ming Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 102488, P. R. China.
| | - Yong-Qi Ding
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 102488, P. R. China.
| | - Chong-Yang Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 102488, P. R. China.
| | - Jia-Bi Ma
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electrophotonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 102488, P. R. China.
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19
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Li XN, Jiang LX, Liu QY, Ren Y, Wei GP. Hydrogen-assisted C-C coupling on reaction of CuC3H−Cluster anion with CO. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2020. [DOI: 10.1063/1674-0068/cjcp2006094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-na Li
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Li-xue Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Qing-yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yi Ren
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Gong-ping Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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20
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-hui Mou
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and CAS Research/Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Gui-duo Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and CAS Research/Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Zi-yu Li
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and CAS Research/Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Sheng-gui He
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences and CAS Research/Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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21
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Zhong RL, Sakaki S. Methane Borylation Catalyzed by Ru, Rh, and Ir Complexes in Comparison with Cyclohexane Borylation: Theoretical Understanding and Prediction. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:16732-16747. [PMID: 32894944 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c07239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Methane borylation catalyzed by Cp*M(Bpin)n (M = Ru or Rh; HBpin = pinacolborane; n = 2 or 3) and (TMPhen)Ir(Bpin)3 (TMPhen = 3,4,7,8-tetramethyl-1,10-phenanthroline) was investigated by DFT in comparison with cyclohexane borylation. Because Ru-catalyzed borylation has not been theoretically investigated yet, its reaction mechanism was first elucidated; Cp*Ru(Bpin)3 1-Ru is an active species, and Cp*Ru(Bpin)3(H)(CH3) 4-Ru is a key intermediate. In 4-Ru, the Ru is understood to have an ambiguous oxidation state between +IV and +VI because it has a H··Bpin bonding interaction with a bond order of about 0.5. Methane borylation occurs through oxidative addition of methane C-H bond followed by reductive elimination of borylmethane in all of these catalysts. The catalytic activity for methane borylation increases following the order Cp*Ru(Bpin)3 < (TMPhen)Ir(Bpin)3 < Cp*Rh(Bpin)2. Cyclohexane borylation occurs in the same mechanism except for the presence of isomerization of a key intermediate. Chemoselectivity of methane over cyclohexane increases following the order Ir < Ru < Rh. In all of these catalysts, the rate-determining step (RDS) of cyclohexane borylation needs a larger ΔG°‡ than the RDS of methane borylation because the more bulky cyclohexyl group induces larger steric repulsion with the ligand than methyl. One reason for the worse chemoselectivity of the Ir catalyst is its less congested transition state of the reductive elimination of borylcyclohexane. Herein, use of a strongly electron-donating ligand consisting of pyridine and N-heterocyclic carbene with bulky substituents is computationally proposed as a good ligand for the Ir catalyst; actually, the Ir complex of this ligand is calculated to be more active and more chemoselective than Cp*Rh(Bpin)2 for methane borylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rong-Lin Zhong
- Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, P. R. China
| | - Shigeyoshi Sakaki
- Element Strategy Initiative for Catalysts and Batteries, Kyoto University, Goryo-Ohara 1-30, Nishikyo-ku, Kyoto 615-8245, Japan
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22
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Li J, Geng C, Weiske T, Zhou M, Li J, Schwarz H. Revisiting the Intriguing Electronic Features of the BeOBeC Carbyne and Some Isomers: A Quantum-Chemical Assessment. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:17261-17265. [PMID: 32568419 PMCID: PMC7540417 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202007990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Extensive high-level quantum-chemical calculations reveal that the rod-shaped molecule BeOBeC, which was recently generated in matrix experiments, exists in two nearly isoenergetic states, the 5 Σ quintet (5 6) and the 3 Σ triplet (3 6). Their IR features are hardly distinguishable at finite temperature. The major difference concerns the mode of spin coupling between the terminal beryllium and carbon atoms. Further, the ground-state potential-energy surface of the [2Be,C,O] system at 4 K is presented and differences between the photochemical and thermal behaviors are highlighted. Finally, a previously not considered, so far unknown C2v -symmetric rhombus-like four-membered ring 3 [Be(O)(C)Be] (3 5) is predicted to represent the global minimum on the potential-energy surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jilai Li
- Institute of Theoretical ChemistryJilin University130023ChangchunChina
- Institut für ChemieTechnische Universität Berlin10623BerlinGermany
| | - Caiyun Geng
- Institut für ChemieTechnische Universität Berlin10623BerlinGermany
| | - Thomas Weiske
- Institut für ChemieTechnische Universität Berlin10623BerlinGermany
| | - Mingfei Zhou
- Department of ChemistryCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysts and Innovative MaterialsFudan University200433ShanghaiChina
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Chemistry & Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of EducationTsinghua University100084BeijingChina
- Department of ChemistrySouthern University of Science and Technology518055ShenzhenChina
| | - Helmut Schwarz
- Institut für ChemieTechnische Universität Berlin10623BerlinGermany
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23
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Li J, Geng C, Weiske T, Zhou M, Li J, Schwarz H. Revisiting the Intriguing Electronic Features of the BeOBeC Carbyne and Some Isomers: A Quantum‐Chemical Assessment. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202007990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jilai Li
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry Jilin University 130023 Changchun China
- Institut für Chemie Technische Universität Berlin 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Caiyun Geng
- Institut für Chemie Technische Universität Berlin 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Thomas Weiske
- Institut für Chemie Technische Universität Berlin 10623 Berlin Germany
| | - Mingfei Zhou
- Department of Chemistry Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials Shanghai Key Laboratory of Molecular Catalysts and Innovative Materials Fudan University 200433 Shanghai China
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Chemistry & Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education Tsinghua University 100084 Beijing China
- Department of Chemistry Southern University of Science and Technology 518055 Shenzhen China
| | - Helmut Schwarz
- Institut für Chemie Technische Universität Berlin 10623 Berlin Germany
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24
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Hirabayashi S, Ichihashi M. Activation of Methane by Tungsten Carbide and Nitride Cluster Cations. J Phys Chem A 2020; 124:5274-5279. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.0c00749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shinichi Hirabayashi
- East Tokyo Laboratory, Genesis Research Institute, Inc., 717-86 Futamata, Ichikawa, Chiba 272-0001, Japan
| | - Masahiko Ichihashi
- Cluster Research Laboratory, Toyota Technological Institute: in East Tokyo Laboratory, Genesis Research Institute, Inc., 717-86 Futamata, Ichikawa, Chiba 272-0001, Japan
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25
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Tran TH, Tran QT, Tran VT. Mechanism of the reaction of VB5+ cluster with methane from density functional theory calculations. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2020.112701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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26
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Lu SJ, Xu XL, Xu HG, Zheng WJ. Structures and bonding properties of CPt 2 -/0 and CPt 2H -/0: Anion photoelectron spectroscopy and quantum chemical calculations. J Chem Phys 2019; 151:224303. [PMID: 31837696 DOI: 10.1063/1.5130589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a combined anion photoelectron spectroscopic and quantum chemical investigation on the structures and bonding properties of CPt2 -/0 and CPt2H-/0. The experimental vertical detachment energies of CPt2 - and CPt2H- are measured to be 1.91 ± 0.08 and 3.54 ± 0.08 eV, respectively. CPt2 - is identified as a C2v symmetric Pt-C-Pt bent structure, and CPt2 has a D∞h symmetric Pt-C-Pt linear structure. Both anionic and neutral CPt2H adopt a Pt-C-Pt-H chain-shaped structure, in which the ∠PtCPt and ∠CPtH bond angles of CPt2H- are larger than those of CPt2H. The Pt-C bonds in CPt2 -/0 and CPt2H-/0 exhibit covalent double bonding characters. The Pt=C bonds are much stronger than the C-H bond that may explain why the C atom CPt2H-/0 prefers to form Pt=C bonds rather than C-H bonds. It may also explain why platinum can insert into the C-H bond to activate the C-H bond as reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Jie Lu
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Heze University, Heze, Shandong 274015, China
| | - Xi-Ling Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Hong-Guang Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Wei-Jun Zheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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27
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Tran VT, Tran QT. Geometric and Electronic Structures of VB 40/+ Clusters and Reactivity of the Cationic Cluster with Methane from Quantum Chemical Calculations. J Phys Chem A 2019; 123:9223-9233. [PMID: 31585037 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.9b08536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Quantum chemical methods have been employed to study the geometric and electronic structures of VB40/+ clusters and the mechanism of the reaction of the cationic clusters with methane. It was found that the ground states of the neutral and cationic clusters were 4A' and 3A' of a planar isomer in Cs symmetry in which vanadium atom side-on binds to the rhombic B4 moiety. The ionization energy of the neutral cluster was calculated to be 7.13 eV at the CCSD(T) level. The reaction pathways on the triplet and quintet potential energy profiles of the dehydrogenation and elimination of V+ in the reaction of VB4+ cluster with methane were established based on the BPW91 functional calculations. Both of the dehydrogenation and elimination of V+ in the reaction of VB4+ cluster with methane were initiated by the B4 moiety of the VB4+ cluster, and these two reaction channels were thermodynamically and kinetically favorable. The dehydrogenation and elimination of V+ in the reaction of VB4+ cluster with methane were exothermic processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Van Tan Tran
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Division , Dong Thap University , 783-Pham Huu Lau , Cao Lanh City , Dong Thap Vietnam
| | - Quoc Tri Tran
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Division , Dong Thap University , 783-Pham Huu Lau , Cao Lanh City , Dong Thap Vietnam
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28
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Li ZY, Mou LH, Wei GP, Ren Y, Zhang MQ, Liu QY, He SG. C–N Coupling in N2 Fixation by the Ditantalum Carbide Cluster Anions Ta2C4–. Inorg Chem 2019; 58:4701-4705. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b03502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Yu Li
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Li-Hui Mou
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Gong-Ping Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yi Ren
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Mei-Qi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Qing-Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Sheng-Gui He
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
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29
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Selective Generation of Free Hydrogen Atoms in the Reaction of Methane with Diatomic Gold Boride Cations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/zpch-2018-1334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
The thermal reaction of diatomic gold boride cation AuB+ with methane has been studied by using state-of-the-art mass spectrometry in conjunction with density functional theory calculations. The AuB+ ion can activate a methane molecule to produce exclusively the free hydrogen atom, an important intermediate in hydrocarbon transformation. This result is different from the reactivity of AuC+ and CuB+ counterparts with methane in previous studies. The AuC+ cation mainly transforms methane into ethylene. The CuB+ reaction system principally generates the free hydrogen atoms, but it also gives rise a portion of ethylene-like product H2B−CH2. The B atom of AuB+ is the active site to activate methane. The strong relativistic effect on gold plays an important role for the product selectivity. The mechanistic insights obtained from this study provide guidance for rational design of active sites with high product selectivity toward methane activation.
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30
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Xu XL, Yang B, Zhang CJ, Xu HG, Zheng WJ. Size-selected anion photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional theory study of MnCn−/0 (n = 3-10): Odd-even alternation and linear-cyclic structure competition. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:074304. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5084310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Xi-Ling Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chao-Jiang Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hong-Guang Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wei-Jun Zheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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31
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Sengupta T, Chung JS, Kang SG. Account of chemical bonding and enhanced reactivity of vanadium-doped rhodium clusters toward C–H activation: a DFT investigation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:9935-9948. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp00444k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The chemical bonding and enhanced reactivity of vanadium-doped rhodium clusters toward C–H activation were investigated using DFT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Turbasu Sengupta
- School of Chemical Engineering
- University of Ulsan
- Ulsan 44610
- South Korea
| | - Jin Suk Chung
- School of Chemical Engineering
- University of Ulsan
- Ulsan 44610
- South Korea
| | - Sung Gu Kang
- School of Chemical Engineering
- University of Ulsan
- Ulsan 44610
- South Korea
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32
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Lu XW, Ren Y, Liu QY, Zhang T, Jiang LX, Wei GP, He SG. Electron Attachment Reaction Ionization of Gas-Phase Methylglyoxal. Anal Chem 2018; 90:13467-13474. [PMID: 30347147 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b03305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MGLY) plays a significant role in atmospheric chemistry by serving as a key contributor to the formation of active free radicals, ozone, and secondary organic aerosol. Detection of MGLY by traditional chemical ionization such as proton-transfer reaction has several shortcomings such as parent molecule fragmentation. In this study, an electron attachment reaction (EAR) ionization method has been developed for the effective detection of MGLY. Almost no fragmentation was observed during the EAR. The generation of MGLY- anion in the EAR was further confirmed by cryogenic photoelectron imaging spectroscopy. The concentration of MGLY can be calibrated by using dibromomethane (CH2Br2) as reference gas. The detection sensitivity of MGLY was estimated to be (100 ± 2) mV/ppbv (parts per billion by volume). The O2, H2O, CO2, and trace gases in ambient air have no obvious effects on the detection of MGLY- anion by the EAR ionization method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Wei Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences , CAS Research/Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
| | - Yi Ren
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences , CAS Research/Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
| | - Qing-Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences , CAS Research/Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
| | - Ting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences , CAS Research/Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
| | - Li-Xue Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences , CAS Research/Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
| | - Gong-Ping Wei
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences , CAS Research/Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
| | - Sheng-Gui He
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences , CAS Research/Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
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33
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Abstract
The increasing supply of natural gas has created a strong demand for developing efficient catalytic processes to upgrade methane, the most stable alkane molecule, into value-added chemicals. Currently, methane conversion in laboratory and industry is mostly performed under high-temperature conditions. A lot of effort has been devoted to exploring chemical entities that are able to activate the C-H bond of methane at lower temperatures, preferably room temperature. Gas phase atomic clusters with limited numbers of atoms are ideal models of active sites on heterogeneous catalysts. The cluster systems are being actively studied to activate methane under room-temperature conditions. State-of-the-art mass spectrometry, photoelectron imaging spectroscopy, and quantum chemistry calculations have been combined in our laboratory to reveal the molecular-level mechanisms of methane activation by atomic clusters. In this Account, we summarize our recent progress on thermal methane activation by metal oxide clusters doped with noble-metal atoms (Au, Pt, and Rh) as well as by oxygen-free species including carbides and borides of base metals (V, Ta, Mo, and Fe). In contrast to the generations of CH3• free radicals in many of the previously reported cluster reactions with methane, the generations of stable products such as formaldehyde, acetylene, and syngas as well as closed-shell species AuCH3 and B3CH3 have been identified for the cluster reaction systems herein. Besides the well recognized mechanisms of methane activation by the O-• radicals through hydrogen atom abstraction and by metal atoms through oxidative addition, the new mechanisms of synergistic methane activation by Lewis acid-base pairs (such as Auδ+-Oδ- and Bδ+-Bδ-) and by dinuclear metal centers (such as Ta-Ta) have been recently revealed. In the reactions between methane and oxide clusters doped with noble-metal atoms, the oxide cluster "supports" can accept the H atoms and the CH x species delivered through the noble-metal atoms and then transform methane into stable oxygenated compounds. The product selectivity (such as formaldehyde versus syngas) can be controlled by different noble-metal atoms (such as Pt versus Rh). The electronic structures of base metal centers can be engineered through carburization so that the low-spin states can be accessible to reduce the C-H bond of methane. Such active base metal centers in low-spin states resemble related noble-metal atoms in methane activation. The boron clusters (such as B3 in VB3+) can be polarized by the metal cations to form the Lewis acid-base pair Bδ+-Bδ- to cleave the C-H bond of methane very easily. These molecular-level mechanisms may well be operative in related heterogeneous catalysis and can be a fundamental basis to design efficient catalysts for activation and conversion of methane under mild conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Xia Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- Beijing National
Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center of
Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Zi-Yu Li
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- Beijing National
Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center of
Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yuan Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- Beijing National
Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center of
Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
| | - Sheng-Gui He
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
- Beijing National
Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center of
Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing 100190, P. R. China
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34
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Affiliation(s)
- John F Berry
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison , 1101 University Avenue, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Connie C Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota , 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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35
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Li HF, Jiang LX, Zhao YX, Liu QY, Zhang T, He SG. Formation of Acetylene in the Reaction of Methane with Iron Carbide Cluster Anions FeC 3- under High-Temperature Conditions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:2662-2666. [PMID: 29359384 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201712463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The underlying mechanism for non-oxidative methane aromatization remains controversial owing to the lack of experimental evidence for the formation of the first C-C bond. For the first time, the elementary reaction of methane with atomic clusters (FeC3- ) under high-temperature conditions to produce C-C coupling products has been characterized by mass spectrometry. With the elevation of temperature from 300 K to 610 K, the production of acetylene, the important intermediate proposed in a monofunctional mechanism of methane aromatization, was significantly enhanced, which can be well-rationalized by quantum chemistry calculations. This study narrows the gap between gas-phase and condensed-phase studies on methane conversion and suggests that the monofunctional mechanism probably operates in non-oxidative methane aromatization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Fang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P.R. China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/ Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P.R. China.,Present address: Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P.R. China
| | - Li-Xue Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P.R. China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/ Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P.R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Xia Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P.R. China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/ Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P.R. China
| | - Qing-Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P.R. China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/ Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P.R. China
| | - Ting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P.R. China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/ Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P.R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
| | - Sheng-Gui He
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P.R. China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/ Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P.R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, P.R. China
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36
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Li HF, Jiang LX, Zhao YX, Liu QY, Zhang T, He SG. Formation of Acetylene in the Reaction of Methane with Iron Carbide Cluster Anions FeC3
−
under High-Temperature Conditions. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201712463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Fang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 P.R. China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; CAS Research/ Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences; Beijing 100190 P.R. China
- Present address: Department of Precision Instrument; Tsinghua University; Beijing 100084 P.R. China
| | - Li-Xue Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 P.R. China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; CAS Research/ Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences; Beijing 100190 P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 P.R. China
| | - Yan-Xia Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 P.R. China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; CAS Research/ Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences; Beijing 100190 P.R. China
| | - Qing-Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 P.R. China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; CAS Research/ Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences; Beijing 100190 P.R. China
| | - Ting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 P.R. China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; CAS Research/ Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences; Beijing 100190 P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 P.R. China
| | - Sheng-Gui He
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry; Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100190 P.R. China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences; CAS Research/ Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences; Beijing 100190 P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences; Beijing 100049 P.R. China
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37
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Abstract
Slow photoelectron velocity-map imaging spectroscopy of cryogenically cooled anions (cryo-SEVI) is a powerful technique for elucidating the vibrational and electronic structure of neutral radicals, clusters, and reaction transition states. SEVI is a high-resolution variant of anion photoelectron spectroscopy based on photoelectron imaging that yields spectra with energy resolution as high as 1-2 cm-1. The preparation of cryogenically cold anions largely eliminates hot bands and dramatically narrows the rotational envelopes of spectral features, enabling the acquisition of well-resolved photoelectron spectra for complex and spectroscopically challenging species. We review the basis and history of the SEVI method, including recent experimental developments that have improved its resolution and versatility. We then survey recent SEVI studies to demonstrate the utility of this technique in the spectroscopy of aromatic radicals, metal and metal oxide clusters, nonadiabatic interactions between excited states of small molecules, and transition states of benchmark bimolecular reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marissa L Weichman
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA; , .,Current affiliation: JILA, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Boulder, Colorado 80305, USA
| | - Daniel M Neumark
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA; , .,Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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38
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Chen Q, Zhao YX, Jiang LX, Li HF, Chen JJ, Zhang T, Liu QY, He SG. Thermal activation of methane by vanadium boride cluster cations VBn+ (n = 3–6). Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:4641-4645. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cp00071a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new type of active species, transition metal boride cluster cations [VBn+ (n = 3–6)], has been experimentally identified to dehydrogenate methane under thermal collision conditions. The B3 unit in VB3+ cluster is polarized by the V+ cation to activate CH4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Yan-Xia Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Li-Xue Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Hai-Fang Li
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Jiao-Jiao Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Ting Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Qing-Yu Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences
- Beijing 100190
| | - Sheng-Gui He
- State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100190
- China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center of Excellence in Molecular Sciences
- Beijing 100190
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39
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Xu XL, Yuan JY, Yang B, Xu HG, Zheng WJ. Structural and Electronic Properties of ConC3−/0and ConC4−/0(n=1−4) Clusters: Mass-Selected Anion Photoelectron Spectroscopy and Density Functional Theory Calculations. CHINESE J CHEM PHYS 2017. [DOI: 10.1063/1674-0068/30/cjcp1710197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xi-ling Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jin-yun Yuan
- School of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Bin Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Hong-guang Xu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wei-jun Zheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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