1
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Gao C, Wang J, Li X, Ye CH, Zheng X, Wang J, Wang Z, Dai R, Zhang Z. Pressure-induced luminescence evolution of 3,3'-diamino-4,4'-azofurazan: Role of restricting chemical bond vibration and conformational modification. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 310:123878. [PMID: 38241935 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.123878] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
The luminescence and electronic structure of 3,3'-Diamino-4,4'-azofurazan (DAAzF) were studied under high pressure conditions through experimental and calculation approaches. The transition of π* → π was primarily responsible for DAAzF's broad light emission. Upon applying pressure to DAAzF, high-pressure-stiffened hydrogen-bond interactions enable the restriction of the stretching vibration of NH2 group. The reduced energy loss through nonradiative rotational relaxation and molecular motions lead to a ∼20 times luminescent enhancement of DAAzF from 1 atm to 8.9 GPa. With the further strengthening of interlayer hydrogen bond interactions at higher pressure, the deviation of hydrogen atoms in amino groups from the molecular plane lessens the radiation transition efficiency. In addition, the bending of the C-C-N=N bond further leads to molecular conformation changes at approximately 20.7 GPa, which induces an abrupt redshift and moderate quenching of the luminescence. Furthermore, the band gap of DAAzF is significantly influenced by pressure. As the color undergoes a transition from yellow to red, and becomes darker as the pressure increases, the absorption edge shifted towards red. At 3.4, 9, and 21 GPa, three conformational variations were identified in conjunction with electronic structural alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Gao
- College of Mathematics and Physics, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China.
| | - Junke Wang
- Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Xiangdong Li
- Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Chun Hui Ye
- Department of Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Xu Zheng
- College of Mathematics and Physics, Chengdu University of Technology, Chengdu, Sichuan 610059, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics, Mianyang, Sichuan 621900, China
| | - Zhongping Wang
- The Centre for Physical Experiments, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Rucheng Dai
- The Centre for Physical Experiments, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China; School of Deep Space Exploration, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Zengming Zhang
- The Centre for Physical Experiments, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China; School of Deep Space Exploration, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China.
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2
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Zeng Y, Shi W, Peng Q, Niu Y, Ma Z, Zheng X. Pressure effects on both fluorescent emission and charge transport properties of organic semiconductors: a computational study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:1303-1313. [PMID: 38108089 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp03852a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
External pressure can regulate the photophysical property and charge transport performance of organic semiconductors, however, the underlying mechanism at the microscopic level is still elusive. Using thermal vibrational correlation function coupled quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics and full quantum charge transfer rate theory, we systematically explore the influence of pressure on fluorescence emission and charge transport behaviours of representative cyclooctatetrathiophene (COTh). It is found that, upon pressurization, the intramolecular configurations of COTh became more twisted, leading to the blue-shifted emission. The fluorescence quantum efficiency (FQE) of COTh crystals decreases monotonically in a wide pressure range of 0-4.38 GPa, because the increase of intermolecular electronic energy transfer rate constant (keet) is larger than the decrease of internal conversion rate constant (kic), and the variation of keet is dominant. The decrease in kic is attributed to the decreasing reorganization energy, reflecting the suppression of the low-frequency flipping vibrations of four thiophene rings and the high-frequency stretching vibrations of central cyclooctatetraene, while the keet increase is due to the simultaneous increase in exciton coupling and spectra overlap. Moreover, we predicted that the hole mobility of COTh increases monotonically by nearly an order of magnitude from 0.39 to 3.00 cm2 V-1 s-1 upon compression, because of the increase in transfer integral and the decrease of charged reorganization energy. Furthermore, its hole mobility exhibits obvious anisotropy. Our work systematically builds the external pressure, molecular packing, luminescence and transport properties relationships of organic semiconductors and provides theoretical guidance for the rational design of pressure responsive organic semiconductors with excellent photoelectric performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electro-photonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Wen Shi
- School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Qian Peng
- Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science (BNLMS), Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yingli Niu
- School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China
| | - Zhiying Ma
- Engineering Research Center for Nanomaterials, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electro-photonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China.
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3
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Fu Z, Yang Z, Yang X, Wang K, Zou B. Multiple responses of 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene to mechanical stimulation: emission enhancement, piezochromism and negative linear compressibility. Chem Sci 2023; 14:4817-4823. [PMID: 37181776 PMCID: PMC10171183 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc00482a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The properties of mechanoresponsive materials are mainly affected by intermolecular interaction, in which anisotropic grinding and hydrostatic high-pressure compression are the powerful tools used for modulation. Upon applying high pressure to 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH), the reduced molecular symmetry results in the originally forbidden S0 → S1 transition to become allowed that then leads to a 13-times emission enhancement, and π-π interactions result in piezochromism (red-shifted up to 100 nm). With increasing pressure, high-pressure-stiffened H⋯C/C⋯H and H⋯H interactions enable the DPH molecules to generate a NLC mechanical response (9-15 GPa) with Kb = -5.8764 TPa-1 along the b-axis. As a contrast, upon destroying the intermolecular interactions by grinding, the DPH luminescence blue-shifts from cyan to blue. Based on this research, we investigate a new pressure-induced emission enhancement (PIEE) mechanism and enabled NLC phenomena by controlling weak intermolecular interactions. In-depth research of the evolution of intermolecular interactions has important reference value for developing new fluorescence materials and structural materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Xinyi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University Changchun 130012 P. R. China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Optical Communication Science and Technology, School of Physics Science and Information Technology, Liaocheng University Liaocheng 252000 P. R. China
| | - Bo Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University Changchun 130012 P. R. China
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4
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Gao FF, Song H, Li ZG, Qin Y, Li X, Yao ZQ, Fan JH, Wu X, Li W, Bu XH. Pressure-Tuned Multicolor Emission of 2D Lead Halide Perovskites with Ultrahigh Color Purity. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202218675. [PMID: 36656542 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202218675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Revised: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The chemical diversity and structural flexibility of lead halide perovskites (LHPs) offer tremendous opportunities to tune their optical properties through internal molecular engineering and external stimuli. Herein, we report the wide-range and ultrapure photoluminescence emissions in a family of homologous 2D LHPs, [MeOPEA]2 PbBr4-4x I4x (MeOPEA=4-methoxyphenethylammonium; x=0, 0.2, 0.425, 0.575, 1) enabled through internal chemical pressure and external hydrostatic pressure. The chemical pressure, induced by the C-H⋅⋅⋅π interactions and halogen doping/substitution strengthens the structural rigidity to give sustained narrow emissions, and regulates the emission energy, respectively. Further manipulation of physical pressure leads to wide-range emission tuning from 412 to 647 nm in a continuous and reversible manner. This work could open up new pathways for developing 2D LHP emitters with ultra-wide color gamut and high color purity which are highly useful for pressure sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Fei Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Nankai University & TKL of Metal and Molecule Based Material Chemistry, 300350, Tianjin, China
| | - Haipeng Song
- State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), 430074, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhi-Gang Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Nankai University & TKL of Metal and Molecule Based Material Chemistry, 300350, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Qin
- Ordered Matter Science Research Center, Nanchang University, 330031, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Institut für Mineralogie, Universität Münster, Corrensstraße 24, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Zhao-Quan Yao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Nankai University & TKL of Metal and Molecule Based Material Chemistry, 300350, Tianjin, China
| | - Jia-Hui Fan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Nankai University & TKL of Metal and Molecule Based Material Chemistry, 300350, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), 430074, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Nankai University & TKL of Metal and Molecule Based Material Chemistry, 300350, Tianjin, China
| | - Xian-He Bu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Smart Sensing Interdisciplinary Science Center, Nankai University & TKL of Metal and Molecule Based Material Chemistry, 300350, Tianjin, China
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5
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Fang Y, Wang J, Zhang L, Niu G, Sui L, Wu G, Yuan K, Wang K, Zou B. Tailoring the high-brightness "warm" white light emission of two-dimensional perovskite crystals via a pressure-inhibited nonradiative transition. Chem Sci 2023; 14:2652-2658. [PMID: 36908947 PMCID: PMC9993844 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc06982b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Efficient warm white light emission is an ideal characteristic of single-component materials for light-emitting applications. Although two-dimensional hybrid perovskites are promising candidates for light-emitting diodes, as they possess broadband self-trapped emission and outstanding stability, they rarely achieve a high photoluminescence quantum yield of warm white light emissions. Here, an unusual pressure-induced warm white emission enhancement phenomenon from 2.1 GPa to 9.9 GPa was observed in two-dimensional perovskite (2meptH2)PbCl4, accompanied by a large increase in the relative quantum yield of photoluminescence. The octahedral distortions, accompanied with the evolution of organic cations, triggered the structural collapse, which caused the sudden emission enhancement at 2.1 GPa. Afterwards, the further intra-octahedral collapse promotes the formation of self-trapped excitons and the substantial suppression of nonradiative transitions are responsible for the continuous pressure-induced photoluminescence enhancement. This study not only clearly illustrates the relationship between crystal structure and photoluminescence, but also provides an experimental basis for the synthesis of high-quality warm white light-emitting 2D metal halide perovskite materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Fang
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University Changchun 130012 China
| | - Jingtian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University Changchun 130012 China
| | - Long Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University Changchun 130012 China
| | - Guangming Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences 457 Zhongshan Road Dalian 116023 China
| | - Laizhi Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences 457 Zhongshan Road Dalian 116023 China
| | - Guorong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences 457 Zhongshan Road Dalian 116023 China
| | - Kaijun Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences 457 Zhongshan Road Dalian 116023 China
| | - Kai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University Changchun 130012 China
- Shandong Key Laboratory of Optical Communication Science and Technology, School of Physics Science and Information Technology, Liaocheng University Liaocheng 252000 China
| | - Bo Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University Changchun 130012 China
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6
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Blue Emission of Tetrafluorobenzocarbazole Under the Interactions of Nitrogen–oxygen Saturated hydrogen Bonds with Aggregated Proton Acid. J Fluoresc 2022; 33:895-910. [PMID: 36520363 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-022-03114-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Two novel tetrafluorobenzocarbazole and containing the amino branch introduced at the end of the molecule are synthesized by a simple method. The tetrafluorobenzocarbazole as the electron donor with electron-rich fluoride ions connected by π-benzyl ring conjugation structure, which affects the overall electron cloud density. Moreover, the amino branch introduced at the end of the molecule, which makes it easy to form intermolecular hydrogen bonds and affected photophysical properties. Meanwhile, the photophysical property of both compounds are discussed under different acidic conditions. The UV-absorption show that around ~286 nm is mainly attributed to the strong structural absorption band peak of the π-π ∗ transition of the carbazole moiety, and the irregular absorption band around ~314 nm and ~326 nm are mainly attributed to the n-π ∗ transition of the carbazole group conjugate with the adjacent molecule. The emission spectrum of both compounds showed that the intensity of fluorescence decreased in different degrees after the addition of the acidic solution. Furthermore, the electrochemical properties were evidenced by cyclic voltammetry (CV) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, and the orbital conformation (HOMOs-LUMOs) was simulated by Gaussian 09 software and its crystal structure was observed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results exhibited that both compounds are electrochemically stable blue small-molecule fluorescent substances, and expected that both compounds can be novel and stable acid-sensitive organic blue-light materials.
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7
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Guo CS, Su XL, Yin YT, Zhang BX, Liu XY, Wang RP, Chen P, Feng HT, Tang BZ. Mechanical Force-Induced Blue-Shifted and Enhanced Emission for AIEgens. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:1055. [PMID: 36421173 PMCID: PMC9688405 DOI: 10.3390/bios12111055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Mechanochromic (MC) luminescence of organic molecules has been emerging as a promising smart material for optical recording and memory devices. At the same time, pressure-induced blue-shifted and enhanced luminescence are rarely reported now. Herein, a series of cyanostilbene-based AIEgens with different substituents were synthesized to evaluate the influence of morphology transformation and push-pull electronic effect on the MC luminescence. Among these luminophores, compound 1 with one cyano group and diethylamino group was more susceptible to mechanical stimuli and obtained blue-shifted and enhanced fluorescence in response to anisotropic grinding. Powder X-ray diffraction patterns indicated that the MC behaviors were ascribed to the solid-state morphology transition from crystal-to-crystal. Analysis of crystal structures revealed that loose molecular packing is a key factor for high high-contrast MC luminescence. The smart molecular design, together with the excellent performance, verified that luminophores with twisted structures are ideal candidates for MC luminogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Sheng Guo
- AIE Research Center, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji 721013, China
| | - Xiao-Long Su
- AIE Research Center, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji 721013, China
| | - Yu-Ting Yin
- AIE Research Center, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji 721013, China
| | - Bo-Xuan Zhang
- AIE Research Center, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji 721013, China
| | - Xin-Yi Liu
- AIE Research Center, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji 721013, China
| | - Rui-Peng Wang
- AIE Research Center, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji 721013, China
| | - Pu Chen
- AIE Research Center, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji 721013, China
| | - Hai-Tao Feng
- AIE Research Center, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji 721013, China
| | - Ben-Zhong Tang
- School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Molecular Aggregate Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen 518172, China
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8
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Fluorescence-based monitoring of the pressure-induced aggregation microenvironment evolution for an AIEgen under multiple excitation channels. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5234. [PMID: 36068224 PMCID: PMC9448794 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-32968-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of organic solid-state luminescent materials, especially those sensitive to aggregation microenvironment, is critical for their applications in devices such as pressure-sensitive elements, sensors, and photoelectric devices. However, it still faces certain challenges and a deep understanding of the corresponding internal mechanisms is required. Here, we put forward an unconventional strategy to explore the pressure-induced evolution of the aggregation microenvironment, involving changes in molecular conformation, stacking mode, and intermolecular interaction, by monitoring the emission under multiple excitation channels based on a luminogen with aggregation-induced emission characteristics of di(p-methoxylphenyl)dibenzofulvene. Under three excitation wavelengths, the distinct emission behaviors have been interestingly observed to reveal the pressure-induced structural evolution, well consistent with the results from ultraviolet-visible absorption, high-pressure angle-dispersive X-ray diffraction, and infrared studies, which have rarely been reported before. This finding provides important insights into the design of organic solid luminescent materials and greatly promotes the development of stimulus-responsive luminescent materials.
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9
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Zeng Y, Niu Y, Peng Q, Zheng X. Origin of Nonmonotonical Variation of Luminescence Efficiency under Pressure in Organic Molecule. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:4147-4155. [PMID: 35749652 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c01358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The nonmonotonical variation of luminescence efficiency under extra pressure occurs frequently in organic molecules; however, the mechanism behind this is still elusive. Using a theoretical protocol combining thermal vibration function rate formalism coupled quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics models, we explored the relationship between extra pressure, molecular packing, and fluorescent quantum efficiency (FQE) of the representative 1,2,3,4-tetraphenyl-1,3-cyclopentadiene (TPC). It is found that the first increase and then decrease of FQE in TPC crystalline aggregates upon pressurization is cooperatively attributed to the continuous reduction of the radiative decay rate constant and nonmonotonical change of the nonradiative decay rate constant (kic). The initial decrease of kic originates from the effective suppression of electron-vibration coupling and the Duschinsky rotation effect by extra pressure, whereas the following increase of kic comes from the surge of nonadiabatic electronic coupling and the reduction of adiabatic excitation energy upon further compression. This study can provide a theoretical basis for the rational design and performance control of the piezochromic luminescent materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing Key laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electro-photonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yingli Niu
- Department of Physics, School of Science, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing, 100044, China
| | - Qian Peng
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Medicinal Molecule Science and Pharmaceutics Engineering of Ministry of Industry and Information Technology, Beijing Key laboratory of Photoelectronic/Electro-photonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates (South China University of Technology), Guangzhou 510640, China
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10
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Wu M, Liu H, Liu H, Lu T, Wang S, Niu G, Sui L, Bai F, Yang B, Wang K, Yang X, Zou B. Pressure-Induced Restricting Intermolecular Vibration of a Herringbone Dimer for Significantly Enhanced Multicolor Emission in Rotor-Free Truxene Crystals. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:2493-2499. [PMID: 35274529 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Organic solid-state luminescent materials exhibit numerous exciting photoelectric properties that are central to emergent organic light-emitting diodes, smart sensors, and data encryption. However, the luminescence of pure organic rotor-free materials has been afflicted with strong intermolecular π-π stacking interactions. Herein, an unprecedented pressure-induced emission enhancement (PIEE) is realized in a system of rigid planar pure polycyclic aromatics, i.e., truxene crystals. The emission intensity is enhanced 7-fold below 3.0 GPa with a photoluminescence quantum yield increased to 10.17% compared with the initial value of 1.78%, and the emission colors change from green (520 nm) to red (640 nm) within 11.8 GPa. Spectral characterizations and first-principles calculations reveal that the PIEE and piezochromism can mainly be attributed to the restricted intermolecular vibration and the decreased energy gap. Our findings enrich the PIEE mechanism and provide a new guideline for designing pressure-responsive luminescent materials in advancing their photoelectric applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Hao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Haichao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Tong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Shiping Wang
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China
| | - Guangming Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Laizhi Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Fuquan Bai
- Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130023, China
| | - Bing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Kai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xinyi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Bo Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
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11
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Hu S, Yao Z, Ma X, Yue L, Chen L, Liu R, Wang P, Li H, Zhang ST, Yao D, Cui T, Zou B, Zou G. Pressure-Induced Local Excitation Promotion: New Route toward High-Efficiency Aggregate Emission Based on Multimer Excited State Modulation. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:1290-1299. [PMID: 35099978 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c04214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Achieving high-efficiency solid state emission is essential for practical applications of organic luminescent materials. However, intermolecular interactions generally induce formation of multimeric aggregate excited states with deficient emissive ability, making it extremely challenging to enhance emission in aggregated states. Here we demonstrate a novel strategy of continuously regulating multimeric excitation constituents with a high-pressure technique successfully enhancing the emission in a representative organic charge-transfer material, Laurdan (6-lauroyl-N,N-dimethyl-2-naphthylamine). The Laurdan crystal exhibits distinct emission enhancement up to 4.1 GPa accompanied by a shift in the emission color from blue to cyan. Under compression, the π-π interplanar distance in Laurdan multimers is reduced, and intermolecular wave function diffusion is demonstrated to be improved simultaneously, which results in local excitation promotion and thus enhanced emission. Our findings not only provide new insights into multimeric excited state emission modulation but also pave the way for the further design of high-performance aggregated luminophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhe Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Zhen Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xuan Ma
- South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, 164 West Xingang Road, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Lei Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Luyao Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Ran Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Haiyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Shi-Tong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Dong Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Tian Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- School of Physical Science and Technology, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
| | - Bo Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Guangtian Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
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12
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Aziz A, Sidat A, Talati P, Crespo-Otero R. Understanding the solid state luminescence and piezochromic properties in polymorphs of an anthracene derivative. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:2832-2842. [PMID: 35050275 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05192j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Luminescent molecular crystals have gained significant research interest for optoelectronic applications. However, fully understanding their structural and electronic relationships in the condensed phase and under external stimuli remains a significant challenge. Here, piezochromism in the molecular crystal 9,10-bis((E)-2-(pyridin-4-yl)vinyl)anthracene (BP4VA) is studied using a combination of density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent TD-DFT. We investigate the effects that molecular packing and geometry have on the electronic and phonon structure and the excited state properties in this archetypal system. We find that the luminescence properties are red-shifted with the transition from a herringbone to a sheet packing arrangement. An almost continuous red-shift in the band gap is found with the application of an external pressure through the enhancement of π-π and CH-π interactions, and is a mechanism in fine tuning an emissive response. The analysis of the phonon structure of the molecular crystal suggests restriction of motion in the herringbone packing arrangement, with motion restricted at higher pressure. This is supported by the Huang-Rhys factors which show a decrease in the reorganisation energy with the application of pressure. Ultimately, a balance between the decrease in reorganisation energies and the increase in exciton coupling will determine whether nonradiative decay is enhanced or decreased with the increase in pressure in these systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex Aziz
- Department of Chemistry, Queen Mary University of London, School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK.
| | - Amir Sidat
- Department of Chemistry, Queen Mary University of London, School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK.
| | - Priyesh Talati
- Department of Chemistry, Queen Mary University of London, School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK.
| | - Rachel Crespo-Otero
- Department of Chemistry, Queen Mary University of London, School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK.
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13
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Xie X, Wen M, Dong H, Long H, Zhang X, Wu F, Mu Z. Semiconductors with Chiral Crystal Structure in Group IVB Transition Metal Pernitrides. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:22046-22056. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp02627a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Group IVB transition metal (TM) nitrides rarely exhibit semiconductor phase, except for TM3N4 (TM = Ti, Zr, and Hf) compounds. In this study, using the ab-initio calculations based on density...
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14
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Han J, Cui J, Zheng Q, Yan Z, Li Y, Chen J, Yao X, Dai G, Wang S, Liu Y, Wang HL, Zhao Y, Zhu J. Pressure-induced polymerization and bandgap-adjustment of TPEPA. RSC Adv 2022; 12:11996-12001. [PMID: 35481090 PMCID: PMC9017093 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra01144a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Organic solar cells have become an important development direction in solar cell materials because of their low cost, light weight, and good flexibility. However, the size of their bandgap is difficult to continuously regulate, resulting in a low power conversion efficiency. In this work, an organic molecule TPEPA was synthesized, and its luminescence performance and polymerization under high pressure were studied by performing in situ Raman, IR, fluorescence, and UV-vis spectroscopy. The Raman and IR spectroscopic results show that single bonds (C–H, C–Ph) and long chains (C–C
Created by potrace 1.16, written by Peter Selinger 2001-2019
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C–C) are more unstable and prone to amorphization under high pressure. At 10 GPa, the TPEPA molecule undergoes a transition of amorphization accompanied by a few polymerizations in the CC bond structure. After holding pressure at 20 GPa for one day and releasing to ambient pressure, the other peaks almost disappeared, while the new peak of C(sp3)–H from the polymerization of the benzene ring was observed, indicating that the irreversible amorphization and polymerization did occur. UV-vis spectra results show that the bandgap is reduced from 2.9 eV to 1.3 eV, which is just in the maximum conversion efficiency bandgap range (1.3–1.4 eV) of p–n junction solar cell materials. This pressure is within the working pressure range of a large volume press, which is favorable in applications of large-scale synthesis. Our strategy may provide a method for the large-scale synthesis of novel organic solar cell materials. Organic solar cells have become an important development direction in solar cell materials because of their low cost, light weight, and good flexibility.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Han
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jieshun Cui
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Qunfei Zheng
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Zhipeng Yan
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yun Li
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jian Chen
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xiaodong Yao
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Guangyang Dai
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Shanmin Wang
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Hsing-Lin Wang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yusheng Zhao
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jinlong Zhu
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
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15
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Syntheses, crystal structures, luminescence, Hirshfeld surface analyses and thermal properties of biphenyl carbazole derivatives. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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16
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Yamashita M, Nagai S, Ito S, Tachikawa T. In Situ Exploration of Stimulus-Induced Emission Changes in Mechanochromic Dyes. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:7826-7831. [PMID: 34378940 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c02015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The development of in situ analysis techniques for visualizing and linking macro- and nanoscopic features of external stimulus-responsive materials is crucial for their rational design and applications. Herein, we investigate the mechanical stress-induced emission changes in electron donor-acceptor type organic dye molecules in solid states through in situ single-particle fluorescence spectroscopy combined with macroscopic and nanoscopic stimulation systems. The change in emission color from green to yellow was attributed to repeated rubbing or scratching of the crystal surface, and not to simple cutting. This change was due to partial amorphization, which changed the intra- and intermolecular charge-transfer interactions of stacked molecules near the surface. We believe that this study will facilitate the efficient design of mechano-responsive materials with finely controlled and responsive properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maho Yamashita
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Sayaka Nagai
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - Suguru Ito
- Department of Advanced Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Yokohama National University, 79-5 Tokiwadai, Hodogaya-ku, Yokohama 240-8501, Japan
| | - Takashi Tachikawa
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
- Molecular Photoscience Research Center, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkodai-cho, Nada-ku, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
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17
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Kachwal V, Laskar IR. Mechanofluorochromism with Aggregation-Induced Emission (AIE) Characteristics: A Perspective Applying Isotropic and Anisotropic Force. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2021; 379:28. [PMID: 34105028 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-021-00341-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Organic mechanofluorochromic (MFC) materials (that change their emission under anisotropic and isotropic pressure) have attracted a great attention in recent years due to their promising applications in sensing pressure, storage devices, security inks, three-dimensional (3D) printing, etc. Stimuli-responsive organic materials with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics would be an interesting class of materials to enrich the chemistry of MFC compounds. A diamond anvil cell (DAC) is a small tool that is employed to generate high and uniform pressure on materials over a small area. This article discusses the relationship between the chemical structure of AIE compounds and the change in emission properties under anisotropic (mechanical grinding) and isotropic (hydrostatic) pressure. The luminescent properties of such materials depend on the molecular rearrangement in the lattice, conformational changes, excited state transitions and weak intermolecular interactions. Hence, studying the change in luminescent property of these compounds under varying pressure will provide a deeper understanding of the excited-state properties of various emissive compounds with stress. The development of such materials and studies into the effect of pressure on their luminescence properties are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Kachwal
- Department of Chemistry, BITS PILANI, Pilani campus, Pilani, India
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18
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Mane JY, Michaelian KH, Stoyanov SR, Billinghurst BE, Zhao J. Computational and infrared spectroscopic investigations of N-substituted carbazoles. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2021; 23:8426-8438. [PMID: 33876006 DOI: 10.1039/d0cp03879b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The carbazole moiety is a commonly identified structural motif in the high-molecular-weight components of petroleum, known as asphaltenes. Detailed characterization of carbazoles is important for understanding the structure of asphaltenes and addressing challenges in the areas of heavy oil recovery, transportation, upgrading, and oil spills, arising from asphaltene properties and composition. In this work we study carbazole and the four N-substituted carbazoles 9-methylcarbazole, 9-ethylcarbazole, 9-vinylcarbazole and 9-phenylcarbazole. Experimental far- and mid-infrared spectra of these five carbazoles are measured using transmission and photoacoustic techniques. The molecular structures of the monomers and the respective dimers, optimized at the ωB97X-D/6-311++G(d,p) level of the density functional theory (DFT), are subjected to harmonic vibrational frequency calculations. The effect of changing substituents on the N-H bond, π-π stacking distances, and angles between monomers within the dimers, in addition to intermolecular interactions, is investigated. Noncovalent interaction analysis is employed to highlight the areas of attractive and repulsive interactions in the dimers. Thermochemistry calculations show that the formation of dimers of all carbazoles is spontaneous at 298 K. Comparison of the calculated vibrational spectra of these compounds with experimental spectra indicates that the existence of both monomers and dimers must be invoked to account for the observed bands in the infrared spectra. Excellent correlations between the experimentally-determined and calculated harmonic vibrational energies are obtained, with an experimental-to-calculated scaling factor of 0.95-0.96. These findings highlight the coupled computational-experimental approach for the interpretation of vibrational spectra and are essential for improving the spectroscopic characterization of N-substituted carbazoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan Y Mane
- Natural Resources Canada, CanmetENERGY Devon, 1 Oil Patch Drive, Devon, Alberta T9G 1A8, Canada.
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19
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Lu X, Sun Y, Zhang Z, Shuai Z, Hu W. Simultaneous studies of pressure effect on charge transport and photophysical properties in organic semiconductors: A theoretical investigation. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2020.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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20
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Takishima R, Nishii Y, Miura M. Synthesis and Optical Properties of Axially Chiral Bibenzo[ b]carbazole Derivatives. Org Lett 2021; 23:1349-1354. [PMID: 33533627 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.1c00011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Pure organic materials with the circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) property have attracted significant research interest over the past few decades. In this study, a series of axially chiral bibenzo[b]carbazole derivatives were synthesized by adopting palladium- and iridium-catalyzed direct C-H functionalization reactions as the key steps. These compounds exhibited CPL characteristics with considerably large dissymmetry factors up to 2.81 × 10-2 in the solid state, indicating the formation of well-ordered aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Takishima
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuji Nishii
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Masahiro Miura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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21
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Wang X, Qi C, Fu Z, Zhang H, Wang J, Feng HT, Wang K, Zou B, Lam JWY, Tang BZ. A synergy between the push-pull electronic effect and twisted conformation for high-contrast mechanochromic AIEgens. MATERIALS HORIZONS 2021; 8:630-638. [PMID: 34821280 DOI: 10.1039/d0mh01251c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Mechanochromic (MC) luminogens in response to external stimulus have shown promising applications as pressure sensors and memory devices. Meanwhile, research on their underlying mechanism is still in the initial stage. Here, three pyridinium-functionalized tetraphenylethylenes bearing n-pentyloxy, hydrogen and nitro groups, namely TPE-OP, TPE-H and TPE-NO, are designed to systematically investigate the influence of the push-pull electronic effect and molecular conformation on MC luminescence. Upon anisotropic grinding and isotropic hydrostatic compression, TPE-OP with strong intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) affords the best MC behavior among them. Analysis of three polymorphs of TPE-H clearly indicates that planarization of the molecular conformation plays an important role in their bathochromic shifts under mechanical stimuli. Theoretical calculations also verify that high twisting stress of AIEgens can be released under high pressure. This study presents a mechanistic insight into MC behaviour and an effective strategy to achieve high-contrast MC luminescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxuan Wang
- AIE Research Center, Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Baoji University of Arts and Sciences, Baoji 721013, China
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22
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Xie M, Chen XR, Wu K, Lu Z, Wang K, Li N, Wei RJ, Zhan SZ, Ning GH, Zou B, Li D. Pressure-induced phosphorescence enhancement and piezochromism of a carbazole-based cyclic trinuclear Cu(i) complex. Chem Sci 2021; 12:4425-4431. [PMID: 34163707 PMCID: PMC8179561 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc07058k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Interest in piezochromic luminescence has increased in recent decades, even though it is mostly limited to pure organic compounds and fluorescence. In this work, a Cu3Pz3 (Cu3, Pz: pyrazolate) cyclic trinuclear complex (CTC) with two different crystalline polymorphs, namely 1a and 1b, was synthesized. The CTC consists of two functional moieties: carbazole (Cz) chromophore and Cu3 units. In crystals of 1a, discrete Cz-Cu3-Cu3-Cz stacking was found, showing abnormal pressure-induced phosphorescence enhancement (PIPE), which was 12 times stronger at 2.23 GPa compared to under ambient conditions. This novel observation is ascribed to cooperation between heavy-atom effects (i.e., from Cu atoms) and metal-ligand charge-transfer promotion. The infinite π-π stacking of Cz motifs was observed in 1b and it exhibited good piezochromism as the pressure increased. This work demonstrates a new concept in the design of piezochromic materials to achieve PIPE via combining organic chromophores and metal-organic phosphorescence emitters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo Xie
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University Guangzhou Guangdong 510632 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Ru Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Shantou University Shantou Guangdong 515063 People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Wu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University Guangzhou Guangdong 510632 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhou Lu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University Guangzhou Guangdong 510632 People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University Changchun 130012 People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University Changchun 130012 People's Republic of China
| | - Rong-Jia Wei
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University Guangzhou Guangdong 510632 People's Republic of China
| | - Shun-Ze Zhan
- Department of Chemistry, Shantou University Shantou Guangdong 515063 People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Hong Ning
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University Guangzhou Guangdong 510632 People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University Changchun 130012 People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Li
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Supramolecular Coordination Materials and Applications, Jinan University Guangzhou Guangdong 510632 People's Republic of China
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23
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Prusti B, Chakravarty M. Mechanofluorochromic Anthryl Phosphonate/Benzoic Acid Cocrystals with a Large Blue Shift: The Role of P=O⋅⋅⋅H Interactions. Chempluschem 2020; 85:2652-2656. [PMID: 33305906 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202000689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Organophosphonates have a rich and diverse chemistry, but their mechanofluorochromic features have rarely been documented. Herein, we report on cocrystals of anthranylphosphonate with (E)-4-(2-(anthracen-9-yl)vinyl)benzoic acid that exhibit reversible mechanofluorochromic properties with large blue shifts. Anisotropic grinding (or pressure of just 25 kPa) maintains the co-crystals emission features but leads to a pronounced 59 nm (2087 cm-1 ) blue-shift. Such an impressive blue-shift for a cocrystal has not been reported to date. The underlying causes for the blue-shift were validated by X-ray diffraction (powder and single crystal) studies and Hirshfeld surface analysis. Twisted molecular conformations and P=O⋅⋅⋅ H/C=O⋅⋅⋅H/C⋅⋅⋅H noncovalent interactions afford molecular arrangements via slip-stacks with two different pitch angles and relatively larger interlayer distances. The new compound was established as a potential medium for optical recording and security display.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banchhanidhi Prusti
- Department of Chemistry, BITs-Pilani Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, 500078, India
| | - Manab Chakravarty
- Department of Chemistry, BITs-Pilani Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad, 500078, India
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24
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Zhao D, Wang M, Xiao G, Zou B. Thinking about the Development of High-Pressure Experimental Chemistry. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:7297-7306. [PMID: 32787316 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c02030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
High-pressure chemistry is an interdisciplinary science which uses high-pressure experiments and theories to study the interactions, reactions, and transformations among atoms or molecules. It has been extensively studied thus far and achieved rapid development over the past decades. However, what is next for high-pressure chemistry? In this Perspective, we mainly focus on the development of high-pressure experimental chemistry from our own viewpoint. An overview of the series of topics is as follows: (I) high pressure used as an effective tool to help resolve scientific disputes regarding phenomena observed under ambient conditions; (II) high-pressure reactions of interest to synthetic chemists; (III) utilizing chemical methods to quench the high-pressure phase; (IV) using high pressure to achieve what chemists want to do but could not do; (V) potential applications of in situ properties under high pressure. This Perspective is expected to offer future research opportunities for researchers to develop high-pressure chemistry and to inspire new endeavors in this area to promote the field of compression chemistry science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dianlong Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Meiyi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Guanjun Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Bo Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
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25
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Bhattacharya B, Roy D, Dey S, Puthuvakkal A, Bhunia S, Mondal S, Chowdhury R, Bhattacharya M, Mandal M, Manoj K, Mandal PK, Reddy CM. Mechanical‐Bending‐Induced Fluorescence Enhancement in Plastically Flexible Crystals of a GFP Chromophore Analogue. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202007760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Biswajit Bhattacharya
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata 741246 Nadia, West Bengal India
| | - Debjit Roy
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata 741246 Nadia, West Bengal India
| | - Somnath Dey
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata 741246 Nadia, West Bengal India
| | - Anisha Puthuvakkal
- Photosciences and Photonics Chemical Sciences and Technology Division CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST) Thiruvananthapuram 695019 India
| | - Surojit Bhunia
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata 741246 Nadia, West Bengal India
- Centre for Advanced Functional Materials (CAFM) Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata 741246 Nadia, West Bengal India
| | - Saikat Mondal
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata 741246 Nadia, West Bengal India
- Centre for Advanced Functional Materials (CAFM) Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata 741246 Nadia, West Bengal India
| | - Rituparno Chowdhury
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata 741246 Nadia, West Bengal India
| | - Manjima Bhattacharya
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata 741246 Nadia, West Bengal India
| | - Mrinal Mandal
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata 741246 Nadia, West Bengal India
| | - Kochunnoonny Manoj
- Photosciences and Photonics Chemical Sciences and Technology Division CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST) Thiruvananthapuram 695019 India
| | - Prasun K. Mandal
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata 741246 Nadia, West Bengal India
- Centre for Advanced Functional Materials (CAFM) Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata 741246 Nadia, West Bengal India
| | - C. Malla Reddy
- Department of Chemical Sciences Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata 741246 Nadia, West Bengal India
- Centre for Advanced Functional Materials (CAFM) Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Kolkata 741246 Nadia, West Bengal India
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26
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Bhattacharya B, Roy D, Dey S, Puthuvakkal A, Bhunia S, Mondal S, Chowdhury R, Bhattacharya M, Mandal M, Manoj K, Mandal PK, Reddy CM. Mechanical-Bending-Induced Fluorescence Enhancement in Plastically Flexible Crystals of a GFP Chromophore Analogue. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020; 59:19878-19883. [PMID: 32667123 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202007760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Single crystals of optoelectronic materials that respond to external stimuli, such as mechanical, light, or heat, are immensely attractive for next generation smart materials. Here we report single crystals of a green fluorescent protein (GFP) chromophore analogue with irreversible mechanical bending and associated unusual enhancement of the fluorescence, which is attributed to the strained molecular packing in the perturbed region. Soft crystalline materials with such fluorescence intensity modulations occurring in response to mechanical stimuli under ambient pressure conditions will have potential implications for the design of technologically relevant tunable fluorescent materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biswajit Bhattacharya
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Kolkata, 741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Debjit Roy
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Kolkata, 741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Somnath Dey
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Kolkata, 741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Anisha Puthuvakkal
- Photosciences and Photonics, Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, India
| | - Surojit Bhunia
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Kolkata, 741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India.,Centre for Advanced Functional Materials (CAFM), Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Kolkata, 741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Saikat Mondal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Kolkata, 741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India.,Centre for Advanced Functional Materials (CAFM), Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Kolkata, 741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Rituparno Chowdhury
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Kolkata, 741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Manjima Bhattacharya
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Kolkata, 741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Mrinal Mandal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Kolkata, 741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Kochunnoonny Manoj
- Photosciences and Photonics, Chemical Sciences and Technology Division, CSIR-National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology (CSIR-NIIST), Thiruvananthapuram, 695019, India
| | - Prasun K Mandal
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Kolkata, 741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India.,Centre for Advanced Functional Materials (CAFM), Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Kolkata, 741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - C Malla Reddy
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Kolkata, 741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India.,Centre for Advanced Functional Materials (CAFM), Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Kolkata, 741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India
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27
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Li A, Liu Y, Bi C, Xu W, Ma Z, Cui H, Xu S. Pressure-dependent distinct luminescent evolutions of pyrene and TPA-Py single crystals. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 237:118390. [PMID: 32361518 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The effects of the high pressure on two single crystals, pyrene and N,N-diphenyl-4-(pyren-1-yl)aniline (TPA-Py), were studied by in situ fluorescent and Raman spectroscopies. During the compression, the pyrene with one structureless excimer emission band showed a continuous bathochromic-shift. In contrast, with the pressure increasing to 10.36 GPa, TPA-Py previously dominated with the hybridized local and charge transfer (HLCT) excited state gradually exhibited a new band at longer wavelengths, which is assigned to a new excited state species with the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) state, caused by the pressure-induced changes on its molecular configuration. Accompanied by the spectral changes, a sequential color variation from blue to cyan was observed, giving a change to yellow and then red. The significant broadening of the full-width half-maximum (FWHM) of the TPA-Py is observed due to the enhanced dipole-dipole interaction and the existence of pressure gradient. Both pyrene and TPA-Py showed the delayed recovery of the luminescence in the compression-decompression cycle, which results from the poor reversibility of electronic structure caused by the compression-induced piezochromic effect. Furthermore, the evolutions of the Raman spectra of pyrene and TPA-Py indicated that the pressure-induced reversible transformation is caused by the molecular conformational change. This study is a deeper understanding of the structure-property relation of the HLCT species and will be a helpful reference for the regulation of photoluminescence in these intramolecular electron donor-acceptor crystal materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aisen Li
- College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Yan Liu
- Beijing State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Changjiang Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Weiqing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Zhiyong Ma
- Beijing State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, PR China
| | - Haining Cui
- College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China.
| | - Shuping Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, Institute of Theoretical Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, PR China.
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28
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Gu Y, Li N, Shao G, Wang K, Zou B. Mechanism of Different Piezoresponsive Luminescence of 2,3,4,5-Tetraphenylthiophene and 2,3,4,5-Tetraphenylfuran: A Strategy for Designing Pressure-Induced Emission Enhancement Materials. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:678-682. [PMID: 31912740 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b03592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Mechanoresponsive luminescent materials have attracted widespread attention for their potential applications, especially for these behaving pressure-induced emission enhancement (PIEE). Designing and seeking systems with high-efficiency PIEE are desirable and crucial for material science. Here, the mechanisms of different piezoresponsive luminescence of 2,3,4,5-tetraphenylthiophene (TPT) and 2,3,4,5-tetraphenylfuran (TPF) crystals are explored. The experimental results combined with density functional theory (DFT) theory calculation indicate that the PIEE phenomenon is possibly exhibited in V-shape arrangement for the reason of the weak π-π interactions. This study not only gains deep insight into the relationship between optical properties and structural evolution but also puts forward a strategy for designing PIEE materials from the point of molecular arrangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yarong Gu
- Department of Electronics , Xinzhou Teachers University , Xinzhou 034000 , China
| | - Nan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , China
| | - Guicheng Shao
- Department of Electronics , Xinzhou Teachers University , Xinzhou 034000 , China
| | - Kai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , China
| | - Bo Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , China
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29
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Liu H, Gu Y, Dai Y, Wang K, Zhang S, Chen G, Zou B, Yang B. Pressure-Induced Blue-Shifted and Enhanced Emission: A Cooperative Effect between Aggregation-Induced Emission and Energy-Transfer Suppression. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:1153-1158. [PMID: 31922412 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b11080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Most organic piezochromic materials exhibit red-shifted and quenched emission as pressure increases. However, an abnormal phenomenon of pressure-induced blue-shifted and enhanced emission is observed in a 9-(3-(1,2,2-triphenylvinyl)phenyl)anthracene crystal, which is based on discrete π-π anthracene (AN) dimers stacking with tetraphenylethylene (TPE) as spacer. A blue-shifted emission appears and strengthens when the pressure is more than 1.23 GPa, and it reaches the maximum when the pressure is 4.28 GPa. This phenomenon is ascribed to the cooperative effect between the aggregation-induced emission of TPE units and energy-transfer suppression from TPE to an AN excimer. This work reports a new concept in the piezochromic field and provides a novel strategy to achieve luminescence from a high-lying excited state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haichao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , P. R. China
| | - Yarong Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , P. R. China.,Department of Electronics , Xinzhou Teachers University , Xinzhou 034000 , P. R. China
| | - Yuxiang Dai
- Department of Materials Physics and Chemistry, School of Materials Science and Engineering , Northeastern University , Shenyang 110819 , P. R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , P. R. China
| | - Shitong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , P. R. China
| | - Gang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , P. R. China
| | - Bo Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , P. R. China
| | - Bing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , P. R. China
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30
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Xie Y, Wang Z, Liu X, Liu M, Lei Y, Zhou Y, Gao W, Huang X, Wu H. Synthesis and photophysical and mechanochromic properties of novel 2,3,4,6-tetraaryl-4 H-pyran derivatives. CrystEngComm 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0ce01021a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The crystallization abilities caused by introducing different aromatic groups were found to play a very important role in determining the formation of the mechanochromic activities of 2,3,4,6-tetraaryl-4H-pyran derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Xie
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering
- Wenzhou University
- Wenzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering
- Wenzhou University
- Wenzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering
- Wenzhou University
- Wenzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Miaochang Liu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering
- Wenzhou University
- Wenzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Yunxiang Lei
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering
- Wenzhou University
- Wenzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Yunbing Zhou
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering
- Wenzhou University
- Wenzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Wenxia Gao
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering
- Wenzhou University
- Wenzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Xiaobo Huang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering
- Wenzhou University
- Wenzhou
- P. R. China
| | - Huayue Wu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Engineering
- Wenzhou University
- Wenzhou
- P. R. China
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31
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Fu Z, Wang K, Zou B. Recent advances in organic pressure-responsive luminescent materials. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2019.08.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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32
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Gu Y, Liu H, Qiu R, Liu Z, Wang C, Katsura T, Zhang H, Wu M, Yao M, Zheng H, Li K, Wang Y, Wang K, Yang B, Ma Y, Zou B. Pressure-Induced Emission Enhancement and Multicolor Emission for 1,2,3,4-Tetraphenyl-1,3-cyclopentadiene: Controlled Structure Evolution. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:5557-5562. [PMID: 31475532 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b02206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Mechanoresponsive luminescent (MRL) materials have attracted considerable attention because of their potential applications in mechanical sensors, memory chips, and security inks; MRL materials possessing high efficiency and multicolor emission qualities are especially interesting. In this Letter, we found 1,2,3,4-tetraphenyl-1,3-cyclopentadiene (TPC) crystal exhibited both pressure-induced emission enhancement (PIEE) and multicolor behavior. In addition, infrared spectroscopy analysis indicated that the ring-opening reaction of the phenyl ring occurred when pressure was beyond 24.7 GPa. The reaction was promoted from 24.7 to 35.9 GPa, which resulted in the redder irreversible color change for the sample released from 35.9 GPa than from 24.7 GPa. The results regarding the mechanoresponsive behavior of TPC offered a deep insight into PIEE and multicolor properties from the structural point of view and inspired the idea of capturing different colors by hydrostatic pressure, which will facilitate the design of and search for high-performance MRL materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yarong Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , China
| | - Haichao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , China
| | - Ran Qiu
- Department of Chemistry , University of New Hampshire , Durham , New Hampshire 03824 , United States
| | - Zhaodong Liu
- Bayerisches Geoinstitute , University of Bayreuth , Bayreuth 95440 , Germany
| | - Chunyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , China
| | - Tomoo Katsura
- Bayerisches Geoinstitute , University of Bayreuth , Bayreuth 95440 , Germany
| | - Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , China
| | - Min Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , China
| | - Mingguang Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , China
| | - Haiyan Zheng
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research , Beijing 100094 , China
| | - Kuo Li
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research , Beijing 100094 , China
| | - Yajie Wang
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research , Beijing 100094 , China
| | - Kai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , China
| | - Bing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , China
| | - Yuguo Ma
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Centre for the Soft Matter Science and Engineering and the Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Bo Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics , Jilin University , Changchun 130012 , China
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33
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Wu L, Dong Z, Zhang L, Liu C, Wang K, Zou B. High-Pressure Band-Gap Engineering and Metallization in the Perovskite Derivative Cs 3 Sb 2 I 9. CHEMSUSCHEM 2019; 12:3971-3976. [PMID: 31318167 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201901388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 07/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Among photovoltaic materials, the antimony-based, perovskite-like structure Cs3 Sb2 I9 stands out owing to its low toxicity and air stability. Here, changes in the optoelectronic properties and crystal structure of the lead-free perovskite derivative Cs3 Sb2 I9 are reported, caused by pressure-induced lattice compression. At 20.0 GPa, Cs3 Sb2 I9 with a wide band gap (2.34 eV) successfully broke through the Shockley-Queisser limit (1.34 eV), accompanied by clear piezochromism from orange-yellow to opaque black. Additionally, Cs3 Sb2 I9 experienced completely reversible amorphization at 20.0 GPa. These optical changes could be attributed to atomic-orbital overlap enhancement caused by contraction of the Sb-I bond length and diminution of the Sb-I bond angle. In addition, Cs3 Sb2 I9 underwent a transition from semiconductor to conductor upon compression and obtained metallic properties at 44.3 GPa, indicating new electronic properties. The obtained results may further broaden the research prospects of halide perovskite materials in the field of photovoltaics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianwei Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P.R. China
| | - Zhiying Dong
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P.R. China
| | - Long Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P.R. China
| | - Cailong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P.R. China
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P.R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P.R. China
| | - Bo Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P.R. China
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34
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Preferential Orientation of Crystals and its Influence on the Emission Wavelength of Acrylonitrile Derivatives Treated with Polar Solvents. CRYSTAL RESEARCH AND TECHNOLOGY 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/crat.201800156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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35
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Zhao CM, Wang KR, Wang C, He X, Li XL. Cooling-Induced NIR Emission Enhancement and Targeting Fluorescence Imaging of Biperylene Monoimide and Glycodendrimer Conjugates. ACS Macro Lett 2019; 8:381-386. [PMID: 35651141 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.9b00095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Under high concentrations, strong pressure, and low temperature, fluorophores usually exhibit the fluorescence quenching phenomenon. Of significance, the development of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) and pressure-induced emission (PIE) fluorophores has perfectly prevented fluorescence quenching under high concentrations and strong pressure. However, cooling-induced fluorescence quenching in water is still an urgent problem. In this paper, cooling-induced emission (CIE) enhancement based on a biperylene monoimide (BPMI) derivative, BPMI-18Lac, with a conjugated lactose-based glycodendrimer was developed. BPMI-18Lac, as a non-AIE molecule, exhibited the CIE phenomenon with a fluorescent intensity increasing 7-fold when the temperature decreased from 80 to -40 °C. The mechanism was due to the inhibition of the intramolecular electron interactions between the perylene monoimide moieties linked by the C-C single bond. In addition, BPMI-18Lac, as a multivalent glycodendrimer, showed selective fluorescence imaging for HepG 2 cells through the ASGP receptor on the cell surface. Importantly, this work developed a water-soluble CIE molecule for potential application below freezing temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Miao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Ke-Rang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Chong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Xu He
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Xiao-Liu Li
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
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36
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Geng T, Feng T, Ma Z, Cao Y, Chen Y, Tao S, Xiao G, Lu S, Yang B, Zou B. Insights into supramolecular-interaction-regulated piezochromic carbonized polymer dots. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:5072-5079. [PMID: 30840014 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr00075e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The photoluminescence (PL) mechanism plays a significant role in the study of carbonized polymer dots (CPDs). The supramolecular interaction exists in most materials, which offers innate methods to regulate the optical and physical properties. However, insights into the tunable red- and blue-shifted PL peaks of CPDs by the supramolecular interaction still remain elusive. Herein, the supramolecular interaction-triggered fluorescence change of CPDs is reported by the investigation of the piezochromic behaviors. The π-conjugated system and the hydroxy group are both critical to manipulate the PL of CPDs under high pressure. The π-π stacking of the π-conjugated system was enhanced with increasing pressure, which induces the red-shifting of PL peaks, while the hydroxyl-related hydrogen bond formation eventually causes a blue-shift. In addition, their chemical stability, low toxicity, and the tunable PL properties of CPDs by supramolecular interaction under high pressure would deepen the understanding of the fluorescence mechanism of CPDs, inspiring extensive application prospects in sensing and light-emitting diodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, College of Physics, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.
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37
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Gao D, Huang J, Lin X, Yang D, Wang Y, Zheng H. Phase transitions and chemical reactions of octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine under high pressure and high temperature. RSC Adv 2019; 9:5825-5833. [PMID: 35515943 PMCID: PMC9060800 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra10638j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) is one of the most important energetic materials. Investigations on its phase transitions and chemical reactions under extreme conditions are very important to understand the explosion process and design new energetic materials. By using a diamond anvil cell combined with in situ Raman, IR and X-ray diffraction techniques up to a pressure of ∼40 GPa, we found that β-HMX undergoes four reversible phase transitions without any chemical reaction under external pressure at room temperature. Isostructural phase transitions emerge around 5 GPa (ζ-HMX) and 10–13 GPa (ε-HMX), and another two phases emerge at 16 GPa (η-HMX) and 27 GPa (ϕ-HMX). The unit cells of ζ-HMX and ε-HMX were determined as a = 6.215 Å, b = 10.417 Å, c = 8.272 Å, β = 124.88°, P21/c at 6.2 GPa and a = 6.130 Å, b = 9.846 Å, c = 8.258 Å, β = 125.06°, P21/c at 12.6 GPa, respectively. The crystal structures of β, ζ, and ε-HMX were obtained by Rietveld refinement, based on which the rotations of NO2 groups were found to be related to the phase transition at 5 GPa. Additionally, HMX decomposes at 8.7 GPa and 300 °C. Carbon dioxide, hydroxyl, imino and hydroxyimino groups were detected in the IR spectrum, which indicates that the reaction contains a hydrogen transfer process. Our investigation uncovers the structural variation of β-HMX under external pressure and identifies the decomposition products under extreme conditions, which provides new insight to understand the detonation process of energetic materials. Phase transitions, crystal structures and chemical reactions of β-HMX under extreme conditions were described systematically.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Dexiang Gao
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research
- Beijing
- China
| | - Jin Huang
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research
- Beijing
- China
| | - Xiaohuan Lin
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research
- Beijing
- China
| | - Dongliang Yang
- Institute of High Energy Physics
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing 100049
- China
| | - Yajie Wang
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research
- Beijing
- China
| | - Haiyan Zheng
- Center for High Pressure Science and Technology Advanced Research
- Beijing
- China
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38
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Deng X, Guo H, Meng X, Wang K, Zou B, Ma Y. Visible responses under high pressure in crystals: phenolphthalein and its analogues with adjustable ring-opening threshold pressures. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:4663-4666. [PMID: 30933204 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc01145e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The ring-opening reaction of phenolphthalein (PP) crystals under hydrostatic pressure provided by using a diamond anvil cell (DAC) is described in this paper for the first time. The color of the crystals changed into red from colorless visibly. The ring-opening threshold pressures could be adjusted by changing the substituent groups. Mechanochromic responses under hydrostatic pressure could also be achieved in polymer blends, which contributes to their practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyuan Deng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Key Lab of Polymer Chemistry & Physics of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
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39
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Sun Z, Zang Q, Luo Q, Lv C, Cao F, Song Q, Zhao R, Zhang Y, Wong WY. Emission enhancement and high sensitivity of a π-conjugated dye towards pressure: the synergistic effect of supramolecular interactions and H-aggregation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:4735-4738. [PMID: 30942791 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc00978g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Piezoresponsive fluorescent (PRF) materials are highly promising for applications in deformation, flaw detection and haptic sensing. However, traditional PRF materials generally suffer from low sensitivity and fluorescence quenching processes. This study involved the preparation of H-aggregated dyes with weak supramolecular interactions, which showed enhanced emission under a low pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanghua Sun
- College of Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Technology, Caowang Road No. 18, Hangzhou 310000, P. R. China.
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40
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Yu B, Wang Y, Wang L, Tan X, Zhang YM, Wang K, Li M, Zou B, Zhang SXA. Spontaneous proton transfer in a series of amphoteric molecules under hydrostatic pressure. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:17696-17702. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp02445j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Hydrostatic pressure has induced intermolecular proton transfer in the crystals of a series of amphoteric molecules, which results in significant color changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binhong Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Jilin University
- Changchun
- China
| | - Yi Wang
- Institute of Chemical Materials, China Academy of Engineering Physics (CAEP)
- Mianyang 621000
- China
| | - Lingrui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials
- Jilin University
- Changchun
- China
| | - Xiao Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials
- Jilin University
- Changchun
- China
| | - Yu-Mo Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Jilin University
- Changchun
- China
| | - Kai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Jilin University
- Changchun
- China
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials
| | - Minjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Jilin University
- Changchun
- China
| | - Bo Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials
- Jilin University
- Changchun
- China
| | - Sean Xiao-An Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials
- Jilin University
- Changchun
- China
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Terada H, Imai H, Oaki Y. Visualization and Quantitative Detection of Friction Force by Self-Organized Organic Layered Composites. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1801121. [PMID: 29775505 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201801121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Visualization and quantitative detection of external stimuli are significant challenges in materials science. Quantitative detection of friction force, a mechanical stress, is not easily achieved using conventional stimuli-responsive materials. Here, the quantitative detection of friction force is reported, such as the strength and accumulated ammount, from the visible color of organic layered composites consisting of polydiacetylene (PDA) and organic amines without an excitation light source. The composites of the layered diacetylene monomer crystal and interlayer organic amine are synthesized through self-organization from the precursor solution. After topochemical polymerization, the layered composites based on PDA show tunable temperature-responsive and mechanoresponsive color-change properties depending on the types of interlayer amines. The layered composites are homogeneously coated on a filter paper. The change in color of the paper is quantitatively used to visualize the strength and accumulated amount of the applied friction force. Furthermore, writing pressure is measured by friction force using the paper device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hideto Terada
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Imai
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan
| | - Yuya Oaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan
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Yang H, Sun Z, Lv C, Qile M, Wang K, Gao H, Zou B, Song Q, Zhang Y. Ratiometric Piezochromism of Electrospun Polymer Films: Intermolecular Interactions for Enhanced Sensitivity and Color Difference. Chempluschem 2018; 83:132-139. [DOI: 10.1002/cplu.201800080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Heyi Yang
- College of Chemical Engineering; Zhejiang University of Technology; Caowang Road No. 18 Hangzhou 310000 P. R. China
- Department of Materials Chemistry; Huzhou University; East 2nd Ring Rd. No.759 Huzhou 313000 P. R. China
| | - Zhanghua Sun
- College of Chemical Engineering; Zhejiang University of Technology; Caowang Road No. 18 Hangzhou 310000 P. R. China
| | - Chunyan Lv
- Department of Materials Chemistry; Huzhou University; East 2nd Ring Rd. No.759 Huzhou 313000 P. R. China
| | - Moge Qile
- College of Chemical Engineering; Zhejiang University of Technology; Caowang Road No. 18 Hangzhou 310000 P. R. China
| | - Kai Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Super-hard Materials; Jilin University; Qianjin Street 2699 Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Huiwen Gao
- Department of Materials Chemistry; Huzhou University; East 2nd Ring Rd. No.759 Huzhou 313000 P. R. China
| | - Bo Zou
- State Key Laboratory of Super-hard Materials; Jilin University; Qianjin Street 2699 Changchun 130012 P. R. China
| | - Qingbao Song
- College of Chemical Engineering; Zhejiang University of Technology; Caowang Road No. 18 Hangzhou 310000 P. R. China
| | - Yujian Zhang
- Department of Materials Chemistry; Huzhou University; East 2nd Ring Rd. No.759 Huzhou 313000 P. R. China
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Dai Y, Qi Y. Pressure-induced phase transition of 4-aminobenzonitrile: the formation and enhancement of N–H⋯N weak hydrogen bonds. RSC Adv 2018; 8:4588-4594. [PMID: 35539561 PMCID: PMC9077820 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra00020d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
A reversible pressure-induced structural phase transition of 4-aminobenzonitrile was found at about 0.3 GPa by conducting in situ high-pressure synchrotron angle-dispersive X-ray diffraction (ADXRD) experiments. The discontinuous changes of Raman modes at 0.2 GPa confirmed the occurrence of phase transition. In situ high-pressure Raman spectra indicated that the molecular arrangement and intermolecular interactions changed abruptly. The process of this phase transition continued up to about 1.0 GPa. When the pressure reached 1.1 GPa, the initial N–H⋯N interaction transformed into a new weak hydrogen bond, which was enhanced by further compression. The ab initio calculations and Hirshfeld surfaces were used to illustrate the above views. This study gives an example that demonstrates that the pressure can induce the formation of hydrogen bonds, which contributes to the development of supramolecular chemistry. The initial N–H⋯N interactions in 4-aminobenzonitrile crystals are enhanced and changed into weak hydrogen bonds by high pressure.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Dai
- Institute of Materials Physics and Chemistry
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Northeastern University
- Shenyang 110819
- China
| | - Yang Qi
- Institute of Materials Physics and Chemistry
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Northeastern University
- Shenyang 110819
- China
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