1
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Horniichuk OY, Vendier L, Salmon L, Bousseksou A. Gradual spin crossover behavior encompasing room temperature in an iron(II) complex based on a heteroscorpionate ligand. Dalton Trans 2024. [PMID: 39363738 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt02244k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2024]
Abstract
In this paper, we report the synthesis of six novel triazole-based heteroscorpionate ligands based on heterocycle metathesis reactions and their iron(II) complexes. Single crystal structure analyses were performed, the spectroscopic and magnetic properties of the obtained complexes were studied and their spin crossover-structural relationships were compared to those obtained for their pyrazole-based analogues reported in the literature. In particular, the amino derivative complex bis[hydrobis(pyrazol-1-yl)(3-amino-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)]iron(II) obtained by post-synthetic catalytic nitro-group reduction under pressure of hydrogen in an autoclave presents a scarce gradual spin crossover behavior at room temperature. The profile of the SCO curve can be explained by the presence of only relatively weak H bonds, spreading only in one dimension. Among the interesting spin transition behaviors observed for the different complexes, such stable, complete and gradual spin crossover at room temperature makes this neutral complex a good candidate for sublimation and future investigation as an active element notably for thermoreflectance-based surface microthermometry applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandr Ye Horniichuk
- LCC, CNRS and Université de Toulouse (UPS, INP), 205 Route de Narbonne, F-31077 Toulouse, France.
| | - Laure Vendier
- LCC, CNRS and Université de Toulouse (UPS, INP), 205 Route de Narbonne, F-31077 Toulouse, France.
| | - Lionel Salmon
- LCC, CNRS and Université de Toulouse (UPS, INP), 205 Route de Narbonne, F-31077 Toulouse, France.
| | - Azzedine Bousseksou
- LCC, CNRS and Université de Toulouse (UPS, INP), 205 Route de Narbonne, F-31077 Toulouse, France.
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2
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Gavara-Edo M, Valverde-Muñoz FJ, Muñoz MC, Elidrissi Moubtassim S, Marques-Moros F, Herrero-Martín J, Znovjyak K, Seredyuk M, Real JA, Coronado E. Design and Processing as Ultrathin Films of a Sublimable Iron(II) Spin Crossover Material Exhibiting Efficient and Fast Light-Induced Spin Transition. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2023; 35:9591-9602. [PMID: 38047182 PMCID: PMC10687866 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.3c01704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Materials based on spin crossover (SCO) molecules have centered the attention in molecular magnetism for more than 40 years as they provide unique examples of multifunctional and stimuli-responsive materials, which can be then integrated into electronic devices to exploit their molecular bistability. This process often requires the preparation of thermally stable SCO molecules that can sublime and remain intact in contact with surfaces. However, the number of robust sublimable SCO molecules is still very scarce. Here, we report a novel example of this kind. It is based on a neutral iron(II) coordination complex formulated as [Fe(neoim)2], where neoimH is the ionogenic ligand 2-(1H-imidazol-2-yl)-9-methyl-1,10-phenanthroline. In the first part, a comprehensive study, which covers the synthesis and magnetostructural characterization of the [Fe(neoim)2] complex as a bulk microcrystalline material, is reported. Then, in the second part, we investigate the suitability of this material to form thin films through high-vacuum sublimation. Finally, the retainment of all present SCO capabilities in the bulk when the material is processed is thoroughly studied by means of X-ray absorption spectroscopy. In particular, a very efficient and fast light-induced spin transition (LIESST effect) has been observed, even for ultrathin films of 15 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Gavara-Edo
- Instituto
de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, Catedrático José Beltrán
2, Paterna 46980, Spain
| | | | - M. Carmen Muñoz
- Departamento
de Fisica Aplicada, Universitat Politècnica
de València, Camino de Vera s/n, Valencia 46022, Spain
| | - Safaa Elidrissi Moubtassim
- Instituto
de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, Catedrático José Beltrán
2, Paterna 46980, Spain
| | - Francisco Marques-Moros
- Instituto
de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, Catedrático José Beltrán
2, Paterna 46980, Spain
| | | | - Kateryna Znovjyak
- Department
of Chemistry, Taras Shevchenko National
University of Kyiv, 64/13,
Volodymyrska Street, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
| | - Maksym Seredyuk
- Instituto
de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, Catedrático José Beltrán
2, Paterna 46980, Spain
- Department
of Chemistry, Taras Shevchenko National
University of Kyiv, 64/13,
Volodymyrska Street, Kyiv 01601, Ukraine
| | - José Antonio Real
- Instituto
de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, Catedrático José Beltrán
2, Paterna 46980, Spain
| | - Eugenio Coronado
- Instituto
de Ciencia Molecular, Universidad de Valencia, Catedrático José Beltrán
2, Paterna 46980, Spain
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3
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Johannsen S, Gruber M, Barreteau C, Seredyuk M, Antonio Real J, Markussen T, Berndt R. Spin-Crossover and Fragmentation of Fe(neoim) 2 on Silver and Gold. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:7814-7823. [PMID: 37623823 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c01551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
The neutral spin crossover complex Fe(neoim)2, neoim being the deprotonated form of the ionogenic ligand 2-(1H-imidazol-2-yl)-9-methyl-1,10-phenanthroline (neoimH), is investigated on the (111) surfaces of Au and Ag using scanning tunneling microscopy and density functional theory calculations. The complex sublimates and adsorbs intact on Ag(111), where it exhibits an electron-induced spin crossover. However, it fragments on Au. According to density functional theory calculations, the adsorbed complex is drastically distorted by the interactions with the substrates, in particular by van der Waals forces. Dispersion interaction is also decisive for the relative stabilities of the low- and high-spin states of the adsorbed complex. The unexpected instability of the complex on the gold substrate is attributed to enhanced covalent bonding of the fragments to the substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Johannsen
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Manuel Gruber
- Faculty of Physics and CENIDE, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Cyrille Barreteau
- Université Paris-Saclay CEA, CNRS SPEC, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Maksym Seredyuk
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol)/Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Valencia, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
- Department of Chemistry, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, 64/13 Volodymyrska Street 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - José Antonio Real
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular (ICMol)/Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad de Valencia, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Richard Berndt
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, 24098 Kiel, Germany
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4
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Martínez Serra A, Dhingra A, Asensio MC, Real JA, Francisco Sánchez Royo J. Is the surface of Hofmann-like spin-crossover {Fe(pz)[Pt(CN) 4]} the same as its bulk? Dalton Trans 2023; 52:10305-10309. [PMID: 37469273 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt01955a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Temperature dependent X-ray photoemission spectroscopy (XPS) has been employed to examine the spin-crossover (SCO) transition in the nanocrystals of 3D Hoffman-like {Fe(pz)[Pt(CN)4]}. Consistent with the existing literature, the temperature-dependent variations in the Fe 2p core-level spectrum provide unambiguous evidence of the spin-state transition in this SCO complex. One of the many possible reasons behind a lack of discernible temperature-driven shifts in the binding energies of both the N 1s core-level components could be the immunity of its HS electronic configuration to thermal fluctuations. The high-spin fraction versus temperature plot, extrapolated from the XPS measurements, reveals that the surface of the nanocrystals of {Fe(pz)[Pt(CN)4]} is in the high-spin state at room temperature, rendering it promising for room-temperature spintronics and quantum information science applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Martínez Serra
- Institut de Ciència dels Materials de la Universitat de València (ICMUV), University of Valencia, Carrer del Catedrátic José Beltrán Martinez, 2, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain.
| | - Archit Dhingra
- Institut de Ciència dels Materials de la Universitat de València (ICMUV), University of Valencia, Carrer del Catedrátic José Beltrán Martinez, 2, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain.
| | - María Carmen Asensio
- Materials Science Institute of Madrid (ICMM/CSIC), Cantoblanco, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
- MATINÉE, the CSIC Associated Unit between the Materials Science Institute (ICMUV) and the ICMM, Cantoblanco, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - José Antonio Real
- Institut de Ciència Molecular (ICMol), University of Valencia, Carrer del Catedrátic José Beltrán Martinez, 2, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain
| | - Juan Francisco Sánchez Royo
- Institut de Ciència dels Materials de la Universitat de València (ICMUV), University of Valencia, Carrer del Catedrátic José Beltrán Martinez, 2, 46980 Paterna, Valencia, Spain.
- MATINÉE, the CSIC Associated Unit between the Materials Science Institute (ICMUV) and the ICMM, Cantoblanco, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
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5
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Grunwald J, Torres J, Buchholz A, Näther C, Kämmerer L, Gruber M, Rohlf S, Thakur S, Wende H, Plass W, Kuch W, Tuczek F. Defying the inverse energy gap law: a vacuum-evaporable Fe(ii) low-spin complex with a long-lived LIESST state. Chem Sci 2023; 14:7361-7380. [PMID: 37416721 PMCID: PMC10321519 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc00561e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The novel vacuum-evaporable complex [Fe(pypypyr)2] (pypypyr = bipyridyl pyrrolide) was synthesised and analysed as bulk material and as a thin film. In both cases, the compound is in its low-spin state up to temperatures of at least 510 K. Thus, it is conventionally considered a pure low-spin compound. According to the inverse energy gap law, the half time of the light-induced excited high-spin state of such compounds at temperatures approaching 0 K is expected to be in the regime of micro- or nanoseconds. In contrast to these expectations, the light-induced high-spin state of the title compound has a half time of several hours. We attribute this behaviour to a large structural difference between the two spin states along with four distinct distortion coordinates associated with the spin transition. This leads to a breakdown of single-mode behaviour and thus drastically decreases the relaxation rate of the metastable high-spin state. These unprecedented properties open up new strategies for the development of compounds showing light-induced excited spin state trapping (LIESST) at high temperatures, potentially around room temperature, which is relevant for applications in molecular spintronics, sensors, displays and the like.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Grunwald
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel 24098 Kiel Germany +49 431 880 1520 +49 431 880 1410
| | - Jorge Torres
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin Arnimallee 14 14195 Berlin Germany +49 30 838 452098 +49 30 838 52098
| | - Axel Buchholz
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Christian Näther
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel 24098 Kiel Germany +49 431 880 1520 +49 431 880 1410
| | - Lea Kämmerer
- Fakultät für Physik and CENIDE, Universität Duisburg-Essen 47048 Duisburg Germany
| | - Manuel Gruber
- Fakultät für Physik and CENIDE, Universität Duisburg-Essen 47048 Duisburg Germany
| | - Sebastian Rohlf
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel 24098 Kiel Germany
| | - Sangeeta Thakur
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin Arnimallee 14 14195 Berlin Germany +49 30 838 452098 +49 30 838 52098
| | - Heiko Wende
- Fakultät für Physik and CENIDE, Universität Duisburg-Essen 47048 Duisburg Germany
| | - Winfried Plass
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena 07743 Jena Germany
| | - Wolfgang Kuch
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin Arnimallee 14 14195 Berlin Germany +49 30 838 452098 +49 30 838 52098
| | - Felix Tuczek
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel 24098 Kiel Germany +49 431 880 1520 +49 431 880 1410
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6
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Yazdani S, Phillips J, Ekanayaka TK, Cheng R, Dowben PA. The Influence of the Substrate on the Functionality of Spin Crossover Molecular Materials. Molecules 2023; 28:3735. [PMID: 37175145 PMCID: PMC10180229 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Spin crossover complexes are a route toward designing molecular devices with a facile readout due to the change in conductance that accompanies the change in spin state. Because substrate effects are important for any molecular device, there are increased efforts to characterize the influence of the substrate on the spin state transition. Several classes of spin crossover molecules deposited on different types of surface, including metallic and non-metallic substrates, are comprehensively reviewed here. While some non-metallic substrates like graphite seem to be promising from experimental measurements, theoretical and experimental studies indicate that 2D semiconductor surfaces will have minimum interaction with spin crossover molecules. Most metallic substrates, such as Au and Cu, tend to suppress changes in spin state and affect the spin state switching process due to the interaction at the molecule-substrate interface that lock spin crossover molecules in a particular spin state or mixed spin state. Of course, the influence of the substrate on a spin crossover thin film depends on the molecular film thickness and perhaps the method used to deposit the molecular film.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Yazdani
- Department of Physics, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (S.Y.); (J.P.)
| | - Jared Phillips
- Department of Physics, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (S.Y.); (J.P.)
| | - Thilini K. Ekanayaka
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Jorgensen Hall, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588-0299, USA;
| | - Ruihua Cheng
- Department of Physics, Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA; (S.Y.); (J.P.)
| | - Peter A. Dowben
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Jorgensen Hall, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68588-0299, USA;
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7
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Kelai M, Tauzin A, Railean A, Repain V, Lagoute J, Girard Y, Rousset S, Otero E, Mallah T, Boillot ML, Enachescu C, Bellec A. Interface versus Bulk Light-Induced Switching in Spin-Crossover Molecular Ultrathin Films Adsorbed on a Metallic Surface. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:1949-1954. [PMID: 36787373 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c03733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Spin-crossover molecules present the unique property of having two spin states that can be controlled by light excitation at low temperature. Here, we report on the photoexcitation of [FeII((3, 5-(CH3)2Pz)3BH)2] (Pz = pyrazolyl) ultrathin films, with thicknesses ranging from 0.9 to 5.3 monolayers, adsorbed on Cu(111) substrate. Using X-ray absorption spectroscopy measurements, we confirm the anomalous light-induced spin-state switching observed for sub-monolayer coverage and demonstrate that it is confined to the first molecular layer in contact with the metallic substrate. For higher coverages, the well-known light-induced excited spin-state trapping effect is recovered. Combining continuous light excitation with thermal cycling, we demonstrate that at low temperature light-induced thermal hysteresis is measured for the thicker films, while for sub-monolayer coverage, the light enables extension of the thermal conversion over a large temperature range. Mechanoelastic simulations underline that, due to the intermolecular interactions, opposite behaviors are observed in the different layers composing the films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Massine Kelai
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Arthur Tauzin
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay, CNRS, UMR 8182, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Anastasia Railean
- Faculty of Physics, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Iasi 700506, Romania
| | - Vincent Repain
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Jérôme Lagoute
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Yann Girard
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Sylvie Rousset
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, F-75013 Paris, France
| | - Edwige Otero
- Synchrotron SOLEIL, L'Orme des Merisiers, Saint-Aubin, 91192 Gif sur Yvette, France
| | - Talal Mallah
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay, CNRS, UMR 8182, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Marie-Laure Boillot
- Université Paris-Saclay, Institut de Chimie Moléculaire et des Matériaux d'Orsay, CNRS, UMR 8182, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - Cristian Enachescu
- Faculty of Physics, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Iasi 700506, Romania
| | - Amandine Bellec
- Université Paris Cité, CNRS, Laboratoire Matériaux et Phénomènes Quantiques, F-75013 Paris, France
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8
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Magnetic molecules on surfaces: SMMs and beyond. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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9
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Li R, Kalita VM, Fylymonov H, Xu W, Li Q, Real JA, Liu B, Levchenko G. Pressure-Induced Mixed States Caused by Spin-Elastic Interactions during First-Order Spin Phase Transition in Spin Crossover Compounds. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:14752-14760. [PMID: 36074955 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c02124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Recently, the possibility of exploiting the phenomenon of spin transition (ST) has been intensively investigated; therefore, it is particularly important to study the behavior of ST under various stimuli. Here, the shape and content of the intermediate phase of ST in Hoffmann-like compounds [Fe(Fpz)2M(CN)4] (M = Pt, Pd) under external stimuli are studied. For this purpose, magnetic and Raman spectroscopy studies were carried out. In pressure-induced spin transition (PIST), a mixture of high-spin and low-spin states appears, while in temperature-induced spin transition (TIST), a homogeneous state occurs. The first-order ST induced by pressure has a hysteresis but is not abrupt. However, the temperature-induced spin transition at ambient pressure is hysteretic and abrupt. To investigate this difference, we discuss using a thermodynamic model that considers elastic interactions, showing that the slope of the hysteresis loop is related to the appearance of internal pressure, which is related to the difference in sample compressibility under high-spin and low-spin states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, International Centre of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Viktor M Kalita
- Institute of Magnetism of NAS of Ukraine and MES of Ukraine, 36-b Vernadsky Boulevard, Kyiv 03142, Ukraine.,National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute", Prospekt Peremohy 37, Kyiv 03056, Ukraine.,Institute of Physics, NAS of Ukraine, Prospekt Nauky 46, Kyiv 03028, Ukraine
| | - Hennadii Fylymonov
- Donetsk Institute of Physics and Engineering Named after A.A. Galkin, Kyiv 03028, Ukraine
| | - Wei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Quanjun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, International Centre of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - José Antonio Real
- Institut de Ciència Molecular, Departament de Química Inorgànica, Universitat de València, València E-46980, Spain
| | - Bingbing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, International Centre of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Georgiy Levchenko
- State Key Laboratory of Superhard Materials, International Centre of Future Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China.,Donetsk Institute of Physics and Engineering Named after A.A. Galkin, Kyiv 03028, Ukraine
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10
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Li P, Zhou L, Zhao C, Ju H, Gao Q, Si W, Cheng L, Hao J, Li M, Chen Y, Jia C, Guo X. Single-molecule nano-optoelectronics: insights from physics. REPORTS ON PROGRESS IN PHYSICS. PHYSICAL SOCIETY (GREAT BRITAIN) 2022; 85:086401. [PMID: 35623319 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6633/ac7401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Single-molecule optoelectronic devices promise a potential solution for miniaturization and functionalization of silicon-based microelectronic circuits in the future. For decades of its fast development, this field has made significant progress in the synthesis of optoelectronic materials, the fabrication of single-molecule devices and the realization of optoelectronic functions. On the other hand, single-molecule optoelectronic devices offer a reliable platform to investigate the intrinsic physical phenomena and regulation rules of matters at the single-molecule level. To further realize and regulate the optoelectronic functions toward practical applications, it is necessary to clarify the intrinsic physical mechanisms of single-molecule optoelectronic nanodevices. Here, we provide a timely review to survey the physical phenomena and laws involved in single-molecule optoelectronic materials and devices, including charge effects, spin effects, exciton effects, vibronic effects, structural and orbital effects. In particular, we will systematically summarize the basics of molecular optoelectronic materials, and the physical effects and manipulations of single-molecule optoelectronic nanodevices. In addition, fundamentals of single-molecule electronics, which are basic of single-molecule optoelectronics, can also be found in this review. At last, we tend to focus the discussion on the opportunities and challenges arising in the field of single-molecule optoelectronics, and propose further potential breakthroughs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peihui Li
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Zhou
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Zhao
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongyu Ju
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Tianjin University, 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Qinghua Gao
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Si
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Cheng
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Hao
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Mengmeng Li
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Yijian Chen
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuancheng Jia
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, National Biomedical Imaging Center, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, 292 Chengfu Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuefeng Guo
- Center of Single-Molecule Sciences, Institute of Modern Optics, Frontiers Science Center for New Organic Matter, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Micro-Scale Optical Information Science and Technology, College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Nankai University, 38 Tongyan Road, Jinnan District, Tianjin 300350, People's Republic of China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, National Biomedical Imaging Center, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, 292 Chengfu Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
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11
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Horniichuk OY, Ridier K, Molnár G, Kotsyubynsky VO, Shova S, Amirkhanov VM, Gural'skiy IA, Salmon L, Bousseksou A. Solvatomorphism, polymorphism and spin crossover in bis[hydrotris(1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)borate]iron( ii). NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj01471h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We describe a detailed characterization of the spin crossover bis[hydrotris(1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)borate]iron(ii) complex ([Fe(HB(1,2,3-tz)3)2]) and solvatomorphs obtained by recrystallisation or single crystal to single crystal transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleksandr Ye. Horniichuk
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Department of Chemistry, 64 Volodymyrska St., 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine
- LCC, CNRS and Université de Toulouse (UPS, INP), 205 route de Narbonne, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Karl Ridier
- LCC, CNRS and Université de Toulouse (UPS, INP), 205 route de Narbonne, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Gábor Molnár
- LCC, CNRS and Université de Toulouse (UPS, INP), 205 route de Narbonne, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Volodymyr O. Kotsyubynsky
- Department of Material Science and New Technology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk 76018, Ukraine
| | - Sergiu Shova
- “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Aleea Gr. Ghica Voda, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Vladimir M. Amirkhanov
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Department of Chemistry, 64 Volodymyrska St., 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Il’ya A. Gural'skiy
- Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Department of Chemistry, 64 Volodymyrska St., 01601 Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Lionel Salmon
- LCC, CNRS and Université de Toulouse (UPS, INP), 205 route de Narbonne, F-31077 Toulouse, France
| | - Azzedine Bousseksou
- LCC, CNRS and Université de Toulouse (UPS, INP), 205 route de Narbonne, F-31077 Toulouse, France
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12
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Zhao Y, Gobbi M, Hueso LE, Samorì P. Molecular Approach to Engineer Two-Dimensional Devices for CMOS and beyond-CMOS Applications. Chem Rev 2021; 122:50-131. [PMID: 34816723 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Two-dimensional materials (2DMs) have attracted tremendous research interest over the last two decades. Their unique optical, electronic, thermal, and mechanical properties make 2DMs key building blocks for the fabrication of novel complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) and beyond-CMOS devices. Major advances in device functionality and performance have been made by the covalent or noncovalent functionalization of 2DMs with molecules: while the molecular coating of metal electrodes and dielectrics allows for more efficient charge injection and transport through the 2DMs, the combination of dynamic molecular systems, capable to respond to external stimuli, with 2DMs makes it possible to generate hybrid systems possessing new properties by realizing stimuli-responsive functional devices and thereby enabling functional diversification in More-than-Moore technologies. In this review, we first introduce emerging 2DMs, various classes of (macro)molecules, and molecular switches and discuss their relevant properties. We then turn to 2DM/molecule hybrid systems and the various physical and chemical strategies used to synthesize them. Next, we discuss the use of molecules and assemblies thereof to boost the performance of 2D transistors for CMOS applications and to impart diverse functionalities in beyond-CMOS devices. Finally, we present the challenges, opportunities, and long-term perspectives in this technologically promising field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuda Zhao
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, F-67000 Strasbourg, France.,School of Micro-Nano Electronics, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Centre, Zhejiang University, 38 Zheda Road, 310027 Hangzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Marco Gobbi
- Centro de Fisica de Materiales (CSIC-UPV/EHU), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, E-20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain.,CIC nanoGUNE, E-20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Luis E Hueso
- CIC nanoGUNE, E-20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque Country, Spain.,IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, 48009 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Paolo Samorì
- University of Strasbourg, CNRS, ISIS UMR 7006, 8 allée Gaspard Monge, F-67000 Strasbourg, France
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13
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Johannsen S, Ossinger S, Markussen T, Tuczek F, Gruber M, Berndt R. Electron-Induced Spin-Crossover in Self-Assembled Tetramers. ACS NANO 2021; 15:11770-11778. [PMID: 34133115 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c02698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The spin crossover compound Fe(H2B(pyrazole)(pyridylpyrazole))2 was investigated in detail on Ag(111) with scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). A large fraction of the deposited molecules condenses into gridlike tetramers. Two molecules of each tetramer may be converted between two states by current injection. We attribute this effect to a spin transition. This interpretation is supported by control experiments on the analogous, magnetically passive Zn compound that forms virtually identical tetramers but exhibits no switching. The switching yields were studied for various electron energies, and the resulting values exceed those reported from other SCO systems by 2 orders of magnitude. The other two molecules of a tetramer were immutable. However, they may be used as contacts for current injection that leads to conversion of one of their neighbors. This "remote" switching is fairly efficient with yields reduced by only one to two orders of magnitude compared to direct excitation of a switchable molecule. We present a model of the tetramer structure that reproduces key observations from the experiments. In particular, sterical blocking prevents spin crossover of two molecules of a tetramer. Density functional theory calculations show that the model indeed represents a minimum energy structure. They also reproduce STM images and corroborate a remote-switching mechanism that is based on electron transfer between molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sven Johannsen
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Sascha Ossinger
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Troels Markussen
- Synopsys Denmark, Fruebjergvej 3, Postbox 4, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Felix Tuczek
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - Manuel Gruber
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, 24098 Kiel, Germany
- Faculty of Physics, University of Duisburg-Essen, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Richard Berndt
- Institut für Experimentelle und Angewandte Physik, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, 24098 Kiel, Germany
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14
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Kipgen L, Bernien M, Tuczek F, Kuch W. Spin-Crossover Molecules on Surfaces: From Isolated Molecules to Ultrathin Films. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2008141. [PMID: 33963619 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202008141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2020] [Revised: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Molecular spintronics seeks to use single or few molecules as functional building blocks for spintronic applications, directly relying on molecular properties or properties of interfaces between molecules and inorganic electrodes. Spin-crossover molecules (SCMs) are one of the most promising classes of candidates for molecular spintronics due to their bistability deriving from the existence of two spin states that can be reversibly switched by temperature, light, electric fields, etc. Building devices based on single or few molecules would entail connecting the molecule(s) with solid surfaces and understanding the fundamental behavior of the resulting assemblies. Herein, the investigations of SCMs on solid surfaces, ranging from isolated single molecules (submonolayers) to ultrathin films (mainly in the sub-10 nm range) are summarized. The achievements, challenges and prospects in this field are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lalminthang Kipgen
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Bernien
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Felix Tuczek
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Max-Eyth-Straße 2, 24118, Kiel, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Kuch
- Institut für Experimentalphysik, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 14, 14195, Berlin, Germany
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15
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Kumar KS, Ruben M. Sublimable Spin-Crossover Complexes: From Spin-State Switching to Molecular Devices. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:7502-7521. [PMID: 31769131 PMCID: PMC8048919 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201911256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Spin-crossover (SCO) active transition metal complexes are an important class of switchable molecular materials due to their bistable spin-state switching characteristics at or around room temperature. Vacuum-sublimable SCO complexes are a subclass of SCO complexes suitable for fabricating ultraclean spin-switchable films desirable for applications, especially in molecular electronics/spintronics. Consequently, on-surface SCO of thin-films of sublimable SCO complexes have been studied employing spectroscopy and microscopy techniques, and results of fundamental and technological importance have been obtained. This Review provides complete coverage of advances made in the field of vacuum-sublimable SCO complexes: progress made in the design and synthesis of sublimable functional SCO complexes, on-surface SCO of molecular and multilayer thick films, and various molecular and thin-film device architectures based on the sublimable SCO complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuppusamy Senthil Kumar
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS)CNRS-Université de Strasbourg23, rue du Loess, BP 4367034Strasbourg cedex 2France
| | - Mario Ruben
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS)CNRS-Université de Strasbourg23, rue du Loess, BP 4367034Strasbourg cedex 2France
- Institute of NanotechnologyKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 176344Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany
- Institute of Quantum Materials and -TechnologyKarlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 176344Eggenstein-LeopoldshafenGermany
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16
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Kumar KS, Ruben M. Sublimierbare Spin‐Crossover‐Komplexe: Vom Schalten des Spinzustands zu molekularen Bauelementen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201911256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kuppusamy Senthil Kumar
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS) CNRS-Université de Strasbourg 23, rue du Loess, BP 43 67034 Strasbourg cedex 2 Frankreich
| | - Mario Ruben
- Institut de Physique et Chimie des Matériaux de Strasbourg (IPCMS) CNRS-Université de Strasbourg 23, rue du Loess, BP 43 67034 Strasbourg cedex 2 Frankreich
- Institut für Nanotechnologie Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Deutschland
- Institut für Quantenmaterialien und -technologien Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Deutschland
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17
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Zhang Y. Surface effects on temperature-driven spin crossover in Fe(phen) 2(NCS) 2. J Chem Phys 2020; 153:134704. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0027641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yachao Zhang
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Nano-Material Science, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang 550018, China
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18
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Abstract
The transfer of the inherent bistability of spin crossover compounds to surfaces has attracted considerable interest in recent years. The deposition of the complexes on surfaces allows investigating them individually and to further understand the microscopic mechanisms at play. Moreover, it offers the prospect of engineering switchable functional surfaces. We review recent progress in the field with a particular focus on the challenges and limits associated with the dominant experimental techniques used, namely near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). One of the main difficulties in NEXAFS-based experiments is to ascertain that the complexes are in direct contact with the surfaces. We show that molecular coverage determination based on the amplitude of the edge-jump of interest is challenging because the latter quantity depends on the substrate. Furthermore, NEXAFS averages the signals of a large number of molecules, which may be in different states. In particular, we highlight that the signal of fragmented molecules is difficult to distinguish from that of intact and functional ones. In contrast, STM allows investigating individual complexes, but the identification of the spin states is at best done indirectly. As quite some of the limits of the techniques are becoming apparent as the field is gaining maturity, their detailed descriptions will be useful for future investigations and for taking a fresh look at earlier reports.
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19
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Wang JY, Luo YH, Xing FH, Jin XW, Guo LH, Zhai LH, Zhang L, Fang WX, Sun BW. Build 3D Nanoparticles by Using Ultrathin 2D MOF Nanosheets for NIR Light-Triggered Molecular Switching. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:15573-15578. [PMID: 32155041 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c00324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The coordination interactions between transition-metal ions (Cu2+, Ag+) and sulfur atoms on ultrathin two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets of spin-crossover (SCO) metal-organic frameworks {[Fe(1,3-bpp)2(NCS)2]2}n (1,3-bpp = 1,3-di(4-pyridyl)propane), which constructed the ultrathin 2D nanosheets into three-dimensional (3D) nanoparticles, have made a profound effect on the SCO performance. Compared with 2D nanosheets, both the intraligand π-π* transition band and the metal-to-ligand charge transition band from the d(Fe) + π(NCS) to π*(1,3-bpp), for the 3D nanoparticles, have shown dramatic blue-shifts; meanwhile, the d-d transition band for the high-spin (HS) state Fe(II) ions has been generated, suggesting significantly the influence of 3D assemble-caused dimensional changes on the solid-state SCO performance of ultrathin 2D nanosheets. More importantly, by loading on the ytterbium ion (Yb3+)-sensitized hexagonal phase upconverting nanoparticles in the aqueous colloidal suspension, the near infrared (NIR) light (980 nm) triggered HS (high spin) to LS (low spin) state transitions have been observed, demonstrating the achievement of challenging target of NIR light-triggered molecular conversion under environment conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia-Ying Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China
| | - Yang-Hui Luo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China
| | - Feng-Hao Xing
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Wei Jin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China
| | - Li-Hong Guo
- Lunan Pharmaceutical Company Ltd., Linyi, 276000 Shandong, China
| | - Li-Hai Zhai
- Lunan Pharmaceutical Company Ltd., Linyi, 276000 Shandong, China
| | - Lan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Xia Fang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China
| | - Bai-Wang Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, P. R. China
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20
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Ossinger S, Kipgen L, Naggert H, Bernien M, Britton AJ, Nickel F, Arruda LM, Kumberg I, Engesser TA, Golias E, Näther C, Tuczek F, Kuch W. Effect of ligand methylation on the spin-switching properties of surface-supported spin-crossover molecules. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2020; 32:114003. [PMID: 31778990 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab5c92] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
X-ray absorption spectroscopy investigations of the spin-state switching of spin-crossover (SCO) complexes adsorbed on a highly-oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) surface have shown so far that HOPG is a promising candidate to realize applications such as spintronic devices because of the stability of SCO complexes on HOPG and the possibility of highly efficient thermal and light-induced spin-state switching. Herein, we present the spin switching of several Fe(II) SCO complexes adsorbed on an HOPG surface with particular emphasis on the thermally induced spin transition behaviour with respect to different structural modifications. The complexes of the type [Fe(bpz)2(L)] (bpz = dihydrobis(pyrazolyl)borate, L = 1,10-phenanthroline, 2,2'-bipyridine) and their methylated derivatives exhibit SCO in the solid state with some differences regarding cooperative effects. However, in the vacuum-deposited thick films on quartz, complete and more gradual spin transition behavior is observable via UV/vis spectroscopy. In contrast to that, all complexes show large differences upon direct contact with HOPG. Whereas the unmodified complexes show thermal and light-induced SCO, the addition of e.g. two or four methyl groups leads to a partial or a complete loss of the SCO on the surface. The angle-dependent measurement of the N K-edge compared to calculations indicates that the complete SCO and HS-locked molecules on the surface exhibit a similar preferential orientation, whereas complexes undergoing an incomplete SCO exhibit a random orientation on the surface. These results are discussed in the light of molecule-substrate interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sascha Ossinger
- Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel, Max-Eyth-Straße 2, 24118 Kiel, Germany
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21
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Cini A, Poggini L, Chumakov AI, Rüffer R, Spina G, Wattiaux A, Duttine M, Gonidec M, Fittipaldi M, Rosa P, Mannini M. Synchrotron-based Mössbauer spectroscopy characterization of sublimated spin crossover molecules. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:6626-6637. [PMID: 32159166 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp04464g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The spin crossover (SCO) efficiency of [57Fe(bpz)2(phen)] (where bpz = bis(pyrazol-1-yl)borohydride and phen = 9,10-phenantroline) molecules deposited on gold substrates was investigated by means of synchrotron Mössbauer spectroscopy. The spin transition was driven thermally, or light induced via the LIESST (light induced excited spin-state trapping) effect. Both sets of measurements show that, once deposited on a gold substrate, the efficiency of the SCO mechanism is modified with respect to molecules in the bulk phase. A correlation in the distribution of hyperfine parameters in the sublimated films, not evidenced so far in the bulk phase, is reported. This translates into geometrical distortions of the first coordination sphere of the iron atom that seem to correlate with the decreased spin conversion. The work reported clearly shows the potentiality of synchrotron Mössbauer spectroscopy for the characterization of nanostructured Fe-based SCO systems, thus resulting as a key tool in view of their applications in innovative nanoscale devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Cini
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Florence and INSTM Research Unit of Florence, via Sansone 1, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino (FI), Italy.
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22
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Nanocrystalline Polymer Impregnated [Fe(pz)Pt(CN)
4
] Thin Films Prepared by Matrix‐Assisted Pulsed Laser Evaporation. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201900231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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23
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Rubio-Giménez V, Bartual-Murgui C, Galbiati M, Núñez-López A, Castells-Gil J, Quinard B, Seneor P, Otero E, Ohresser P, Cantarero A, Coronado E, Real JA, Mattana R, Tatay S, Martí-Gastaldo C. Effect of nanostructuration on the spin crossover transition in crystalline ultrathin films. Chem Sci 2019; 10:4038-4047. [PMID: 31015944 PMCID: PMC6460953 DOI: 10.1039/c8sc04935a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Mastering the nanostructuration of molecular materials onto solid surfaces and understanding how this process affects their properties are of utmost importance for their integration into solid-state electronic devices. This is even more important for spin crossover (SCO) systems, in which the spin transition is extremely sensitive to size reduction effects. These bi-stable materials have great potential for the development of nanotechnological applications provided their intrinsic properties can be successfully implemented in nanometric films, amenable to the fabrication of functional nanodevices. Here we report the fabrication of crystalline ultrathin films (<1-43 nm) of two-dimensional Hofmann-type coordination polymers by using an improved layer-by-layer strategy and a close examination of their SCO properties at the nanoscale. X-ray absorption spectroscopy data in combination with extensive atomic force microscopy analysis reveal critical dependence of the SCO transition on the number of layers and the microstructure of the films. This originates from the formation of segregated nanocrystals in early stages of the growth process that coalesce into a continuous film with an increasing number of growth cycles for an overall behaviour reminiscent of the bulk. As a result, the completeness of the high spin/low spin transition is dramatically hindered for films of less than 15 layers revealing serious limitations to the ultimate thickness that might be representative of the performance of the bulk when processing SCO materials as ultrathin films. This unprecedented exploration of the particularities of the growth of SCO thin films at the nanoscale should encourage researchers to put a spotlight on these issues when contemplating their integration into devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Rubio-Giménez
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular , Universitat de València , Catedrático José Beltrán 2 , 46980 Paterna , Spain . ; ;
| | - Carlos Bartual-Murgui
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular , Universitat de València , Catedrático José Beltrán 2 , 46980 Paterna , Spain . ; ;
| | - Marta Galbiati
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular , Universitat de València , Catedrático José Beltrán 2 , 46980 Paterna , Spain . ; ;
| | - Alejandro Núñez-López
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular , Universitat de València , Catedrático José Beltrán 2 , 46980 Paterna , Spain . ; ;
| | - Javier Castells-Gil
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular , Universitat de València , Catedrático José Beltrán 2 , 46980 Paterna , Spain . ; ;
| | - Benoit Quinard
- Unité Mixte de Physique , CNRS , Thales , University Paris Sud , Université Paris-Saclay , 91767 Palaiseau , France
| | - Pierre Seneor
- Unité Mixte de Physique , CNRS , Thales , University Paris Sud , Université Paris-Saclay , 91767 Palaiseau , France
| | - Edwige Otero
- Synchrotron SOLEIL , L'Orme des Merisiers , 91190 Saint Aubin , France
| | - Philippe Ohresser
- Synchrotron SOLEIL , L'Orme des Merisiers , 91190 Saint Aubin , France
| | - Andrés Cantarero
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular , Universitat de València , Catedrático José Beltrán 2 , 46980 Paterna , Spain . ; ;
| | - Eugenio Coronado
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular , Universitat de València , Catedrático José Beltrán 2 , 46980 Paterna , Spain . ; ;
| | - José Antonio Real
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular , Universitat de València , Catedrático José Beltrán 2 , 46980 Paterna , Spain . ; ;
| | - Richard Mattana
- Unité Mixte de Physique , CNRS , Thales , University Paris Sud , Université Paris-Saclay , 91767 Palaiseau , France
| | - Sergio Tatay
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular , Universitat de València , Catedrático José Beltrán 2 , 46980 Paterna , Spain . ; ;
| | - Carlos Martí-Gastaldo
- Instituto de Ciencia Molecular , Universitat de València , Catedrático José Beltrán 2 , 46980 Paterna , Spain . ; ;
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24
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Hong DL, Luo YH, He XT, Wang C, Wang JY, Chen FH, Wu HS, Chen C, Sun BW. Ultralarge Dielectric Relaxation and Self-Recovery Triggered by Hydrogen-Bonded Polar Components. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:7272-7279. [PMID: 30696243 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b18883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Subtle integration of rotatable polar components into dielectric crystals can contribute significantly to adjustable switching temperatures ( Ts) and dielectric relaxation behaviors. Currently, one of the biggest challenges lies in the design of optimal polar components with moderate motion resistance in a crystalline system. In this work, we demonstrate that under refrigerator conditions, rotatable hydrogen-bonded one-dimensional (1D) cationic chains, {[C2H6N5]+} n (C2H6N5 = 3,5-diamino-1,2,4-triazolinium), and two-dimensional (2D) anionic layers, {[(H2O)2·SO4]2-} n, can be generated in an organic salt, 3 ([C2H6N5]2·[(H2O)2·SO4]). Compared with the nonhydrated precursor, 2 ([C2H7N5]·[SO4]), the rotation of these 1D and 2D ionic species triggers a reversible phase transition and dielectric switching in 3. In addition, the significantly sluggish rotation of the 1D cationic chains from parallel to unparallel stacking and the counter-clockwise rotation of the 2D anionic layers, compared with their reverse processes, induce a frequency-dependent dielectric response with a more highly adjustable heating Ts↑ than the cooling Ts↓. More importantly, 3 possesses excellent self-recovery ability attributed to the highly dynamic character of the hydrogen-bonded ionic species. The strategy here can provide a fairly good model for designing dielectric crystals with desired rotatable polar components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan-Li Hong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Southeast University , Nanjing 211189 , P. R. China
| | - Yang-Hui Luo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Southeast University , Nanjing 211189 , P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Tong He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Southeast University , Nanjing 211189 , P. R. China
| | - Cong Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Southeast University , Nanjing 211189 , P. R. China
| | - Jia-Ying Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Southeast University , Nanjing 211189 , P. R. China
| | - Fang-Hui Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Southeast University , Nanjing 211189 , P. R. China
| | - Hong-Shuai Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Southeast University , Nanjing 211189 , P. R. China
| | - Chen Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Southeast University , Nanjing 211189 , P. R. China
| | - Bai-Wang Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Southeast University , Nanjing 211189 , P. R. China
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Zhang Y. Electric-field control of spin orientation of manganocene: An insight into molecule-substrate interactions. J Chem Phys 2019; 150:014701. [PMID: 30621402 DOI: 10.1063/1.5064687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The manipulation of spin orientations in molecular nanomagnets assembled on surfaces is essential for the development of memory devices. These properties are dominated by interactions with the substrate. Here, we show that individual manganocene molecules deposited on Cu(111) exhibit different easy magnetization directions in an applied electric-field due to different contact geometries. Using Hubbard-U corrected density-functional theory to describe strong correlation effects and a non-self-consistent diagonalization method to treat spin-orbit coupling, we demonstrate that the field-induced spin reorientation transition occurs in the standing-up molecule in both high-spin (HS) and low-spin states, while the transition only occurs in the HS state for the flat-lying molecule. We propose plausible mechanisms in terms of charge polarization at the interface as well as modifications of the electronic states near the Fermi level E F. We show that the molecule largely preserves its arrangement of 3d orbitals in the standing configuration due to the "insulating layer" (bridging ligand), whereas direct contact of the Mn ion with the substrate in the lying configuration induces an orbital degeneracy around E F, thus preventing the electrical modulation of magnetic anisotropies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yachao Zhang
- Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory of Computational Nano-Material Science, Guizhou Education University, Guiyang 550018, China
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26
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Luo YH, Chen C, Lu GW, Hong DL, He XT, Wang C, Wang JY, Sun BW. Atomically Thin Two-Dimensional Nanosheets with Tunable Spin-Crossover Properties. J Phys Chem Lett 2018; 9:7052-7058. [PMID: 30509071 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.8b03298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Combining the fascinating advantages of ultrathin two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets with the nanostructuration of spin-crossover (SCO) materials represents an attractive target of controlled fabrication of SCO nano-objects at the device level. Here, we demonstrate that through facile-operating ultrasonic force-assisted liquid exfoliation technology the three-dimensional (3D) van der Waals SCO bulk precursor {[Fe(1,3-bpp)2(NCS)2]2 (1, 1,3-bpp = 1,3-di(4-pyridyl)-propane)} can be exfoliated into single-layered 2D nanosheets (NS-1). As a consequence, the magnetism has been tuned from complete paramagnetic (bulk precursors) to SCO transition at around 250 K (2D nanosheets). In addition, the metal-to-ligand charge transition (MLCT), the intraligand π-π* transition and the color display also have been altered both in colloidal suspension and in the solid state. These dramatic changes of physical-chemical properties at different forms and states can be attributed to the efficient cooperativity derived from the interlayer van der Waals interactions within the curly or vertically stacked 2D building blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang-Hui Luo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Southeast University , Nanjing 211189 , People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Southeast University , Nanjing 211189 , People's Republic of China
| | - Guo-Wei Lu
- Institute of Innovative Science and Technology , Tokai University , Kanagawa 259-1292 , Japan
| | - Dan-Li Hong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Southeast University , Nanjing 211189 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Tong He
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Southeast University , Nanjing 211189 , People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Southeast University , Nanjing 211189 , People's Republic of China
| | - Jia-Ying Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Southeast University , Nanjing 211189 , People's Republic of China
| | - Bai-Wang Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Southeast University , Nanjing 211189 , People's Republic of China
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