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Zhao Q, Shao T, Huang S, Zhang J, Zong G, Zhuo L, Xu Y, Hong W. The insulin-like growth factor binding protein-microfibrillar associated protein-sterol regulatory element binding protein axis regulates fibroblast-myofibroblast transition and cardiac fibrosis. Br J Pharmacol 2024; 181:2492-2508. [PMID: 38586912 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Excessive fibrogenesis is associated with adverse cardiac remodelling and heart failure. The myofibroblast, primarily derived from resident fibroblast, is the effector cell type in cardiac fibrosis. Megakaryocytic leukaemia 1 (MKL1) is considered the master regulator of fibroblast-myofibroblast transition (FMyT). The underlying transcriptional mechanism is not completely understood. Our goal was to identify novel transcriptional targets of MKL1 that might regulate FMyT and contribute to cardiac fibrosis. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) performed in primary cardiac fibroblasts identified insulin-like growth factor binding protein 5 (IGFBP5) as one of the genes most significantly up-regulated by constitutively active (CA) MKL1 over-expression. IGFBP5 expression was detected in heart failure tissues using RT-qPCR and western blots. KEY RESULTS Once activated, IGFBP5 translocated to the nucleus to elicit a pro-FMyT transcriptional programme. Consistently, IGFBP5 knockdown blocked FMyT in vitro and dampened cardiac fibrosis in mice. Of interest, IGFBP5 interacted with nuclear factor of activated T-cell 4 (NFAT4) to stimulate the transcription of microfibril-associated protein 5 (MFAP5). MFAP5 contributed to FMyT and cardiac fibrosis by enabling sterol response element binding protein 2 (SREBP2)-dependent cholesterol synthesis. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS Our data unveil a previously unrecognized transcriptional cascade, initiated by IGFBP5, that promotes FMyT and cardiac fibrosis. Screening for small-molecule compounds that target this axis could yield potential therapeutics against adverse cardiac remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianwen Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Tinghui Shao
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shan Huang
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Tropical Cardiovascular Diseases Research and Key Laboratory of Emergency and Trauma of Ministry of Education, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hainan Medical University, Haikou, China
| | - Junjie Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Genjie Zong
- Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Translational Medicine, Department of Pathophysiology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lili Zhuo
- Department of Geriatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yong Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Pharmacology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenxuan Hong
- Department of Cardiology, Zhongshan Hospital Affiliated with Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Li X, González-Maroto C, Tavassoli M. Crosstalk between CAFs and tumour cells in head and neck cancer. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:303. [PMID: 38926351 PMCID: PMC11208506 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-02053-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs) are amongst the most aggressive, complex, and heterogeneous malignancies. The standard of care treatments for HNC patients include surgery, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or their combination. However, around 50% do not benefit while suffering severe toxic side effects, costing the individuals and society. Decades have been spent to improve HNSCC treatment outcomes with only limited success. Much of the research in HNSCC treatment has focused on understanding the genetics of the HNSCC malignant cells, but it has become clear that tumour microenvironment (TME) plays an important role in the progression as well as treatment response in HNSCC. Understanding the crosstalk between cancer cells and TME is crucial for inhibiting progression and treatment resistance. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), the predominant component of stroma in HNSCC, serve as the primary source of extra-cellular matrix (ECM) and various pro-tumoral composites in TME. The activation of CAFs in HNSCC is primarily driven by cancer cell-secreted molecules, which in turn induce phenotypic changes, elevated secretive status, and altered ECM production profile. Concurrently, CAFs play a pivotal role in modulating the cell cycle, stemness, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and resistance to targeted and chemoradiotherapy in HNSCC cells. This modulation occurs through interactions with secreted molecules or direct contact with the ECM or CAF. Co-culture and 3D models of tumour cells and other TME cell types allows to mimic the HNSCC tumour milieu and enable modulating tumour hypoxia and reprograming cancer stem cells (CSC). This review aims to provide an update on the development of HNSCC tumour models comprising CAFs to obtain better understanding of the interaction between CAFs and tumour cells, and for providing preclinical testing platforms of current and combination with emerging therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyang Li
- Head and Neck Oncology Group, Centre for Host Microbiome Interaction, King's College London, Hodgkin Building, London, SE1 1UL, UK
| | - Celia González-Maroto
- Head and Neck Oncology Group, Centre for Host Microbiome Interaction, King's College London, Hodgkin Building, London, SE1 1UL, UK
- Blizard Institute, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - Mahvash Tavassoli
- Head and Neck Oncology Group, Centre for Host Microbiome Interaction, King's College London, Hodgkin Building, London, SE1 1UL, UK.
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Schneider P, Zhang H, Simic L, Dai Z, Schrörs B, Akilli-Öztürk Ö, Lin J, Durak F, Schunke J, Bolduan V, Bogaert B, Schwiertz D, Schäfer G, Bros M, Grabbe S, Schattenberg JM, Raemdonck K, Koynov K, Diken M, Kaps L, Barz M. Multicompartment Polyion Complex Micelles Based on Triblock Polypept(o)ides Mediate Efficient siRNA Delivery to Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts for Antistromal Therapy of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2404784. [PMID: 38958110 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202404784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most frequent type of primary liver cancer and the third leading cause for cancer-related death worldwide. The tumor is difficult-to-treat due to its inherent resistance to chemotherapy. Antistromal therapy is a novel therapeutic approach, targeting cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) in the tumor microenvironment. CAF-derived microfibrillar-associated protein 5 (MFAP-5) is identified as a novel target for antistromal therapy of HCC with high translational relevance. Biocompatible polypept(o)ide-based polyion complex micelles (PICMs) constructed with a triblock copolymer composed of a cationic poly(l-lysine) complexing anti-MFAP-5 siRNA (siMFAP-5) via electrostatic interaction, a poly(γ-benzyl-l-glutamate) block loading cationic amphiphilic drug desloratatine (DES) via π-π interaction as endosomal escape enhancer and polysarcosine poly(N-methylglycine) for introducing stealth properties, are generated for siRNA delivery. Intravenous injection of siMFAP-5/DES PICMs significantly reduces the hepatic tumor burden in a syngeneic implantation model of HCC, with a superior MFAP-5 knockdown effect over siMFAP-5 PICMs or lipid nanoparticles. Transcriptome and histological analysis reveal that MFAP-5 knockdown inhibited CAF-related tumor vascularization, suggesting the anti-angiogenic effect of RNA interference therapy. In conclusion, multicompartment PICMs combining siMFAP-5 and DES in a single polypept(o)ide micelle induce a specific knockdown of MFAP-5 and demonstrate a potent antitumor efficacy (80% reduced tumor burden vs untreated control) in a clinically relevant HCC model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul Schneider
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Heyang Zhang
- Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, Leiden, 2333CC, Netherlands
| | - Leon Simic
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, 55128, Mainz, Germany
- Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, Leiden, 2333CC, Netherlands
| | - Zhuqing Dai
- Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, Leiden, 2333CC, Netherlands
| | - Barbara Schrörs
- Biosampling Unit, TRON gGmbH - Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Freiligrathstr. 12, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Özlem Akilli-Öztürk
- Biosampling Unit, TRON gGmbH - Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Freiligrathstr. 12, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jian Lin
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Physics at Interphases, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Feyza Durak
- Biosampling Unit, TRON gGmbH - Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Freiligrathstr. 12, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jenny Schunke
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Vanessa Bolduan
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Bram Bogaert
- Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - David Schwiertz
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, 55128, Mainz, Germany
- Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, Leiden, 2333CC, Netherlands
| | - Gabriela Schäfer
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, 55128, Mainz, Germany
- Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, Leiden, 2333CC, Netherlands
| | - Matthias Bros
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stephan Grabbe
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Jörn Markus Schattenberg
- Department of Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Center, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Koen Raemdonck
- Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, 9000, Belgium
| | - Kaloian Koynov
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Physics at Interphases, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Mustafa Diken
- Biosampling Unit, TRON gGmbH - Translational Oncology at the University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Freiligrathstr. 12, 55131, Mainz, Germany
| | - Leonard Kaps
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, 55128, Mainz, Germany
- Department of Medicine II, Saarland University Medical Center, Saarland University, 66421, Homburg, Germany
| | - Matthias Barz
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, 55128, Mainz, Germany
- Division of BioTherapeutics, Leiden Academic Centre for Drug Research (LACDR), Leiden University, Leiden, 2333CC, Netherlands
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Ning L, Quan C, Wang Y, Wu Z, Yuan P, Xie N. scRNA-seq characterizing the heterogeneity of fibroblasts in breast cancer reveals a novel subtype SFRP4 + CAF that inhibits migration and predicts prognosis. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1348299. [PMID: 38686196 PMCID: PMC11056562 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1348299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are a diverse group of cells that significantly impact the tumor microenvironment and therapeutic responses in breast cancer (BC). Despite their importance, the comprehensive profile of CAFs in BC remains to be fully elucidated. Methods To address this gap, we utilized single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to delineate the CAF landscape within 14 BC normal-tumor paired samples. We further corroborated our findings by analyzing several public datasets, thereby validating the newly identified CAF subtype. Additionally, we conducted coculture experiments with BC cells to assess the functional implications of this CAF subtype. Results Our scRNA-seq analysis unveiled eight distinct CAF subtypes across five tumor and six adjacent normal tissue samples. Notably, we discovered a novel subtype, designated as SFRP4+ CAFs, which was predominantly observed in normal tissues. The presence of SFRP4+ CAFs was substantiated by two independent scRNA-seq datasets and a spatial transcriptomics dataset. Functionally, SFRP4+ CAFs were found to impede BC cell migration and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) process by secreting SFRP4, thereby modulating the WNT signaling pathway. Furthermore, we established that elevated expression levels of SFRP4+ CAF markers correlate with improved survival outcomes in BC patients, yet paradoxically, they predict a diminished response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in cases of triple-negative breast cancer. Conclusion This investigation sheds light on the heterogeneity of CAFs in BC and introduces a novel SFRP4+ CAF subtype that hinders BC cell migration. This discovery holds promise as a potential biomarker for refined prognostic assessment and therapeutic intervention in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lvwen Ning
- Biobank, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
- Shenzhen Institute of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chuntao Quan
- Biobank, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yue Wang
- Biobank, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhijie Wu
- Biobank, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Peixiu Yuan
- College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ni Xie
- Biobank, Shenzhen Second People’s Hospital, First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
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Ma X, Yang R, Li H, Zhang X, Zhang X, Li X. Role of exosomes in the communication and treatment between OSCC and normal cells. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28148. [PMID: 38560136 PMCID: PMC10981056 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is a prevalent cancer that needs new therapeutic targets due to the poor postoperative prognosis in patients. Exosomes are currently one of important research areas owing to their unique properties. Exosomes are capable of acting as drug transporters, as well as facilitating interactions between OSCC and normal cells. Exosomes can be detected in body fluids such as blood, urine, cerebrospinal fluid, and bile. When exosomes are released from donor cells, they can carry various bioactive molecules to recipient cells, where these molecules participate in biological processes. This review highlights the mechanisms of exosome transfer between normal and OSCC cells. Exosomes isolated from donor OSCC cells can carry circular RNAs (circRNAs), long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), and microRNAs (miRNAs) and play a role in signaling processes in the recipient OSCC cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cells, and macrophages. Exosomes secreted by carcinoma-associated fibroblasts, macrophages, and stem cells can also enter the recipient OSCC cells and modulate signaling events in these cells. Exosomes isolated from OSCC plasma, serum, and saliva are also associated with OSCC prognosis. Furthermore, while exosomes were shown to be associated with chemotherapy resistance in OSCC, they can also be used for drug delivery during OSCC treatment. In this paper, we reviewed the molecular mechanisms and functions of exosomes from different cell sources in OSCC cells, providing a basis for diagnosis and prognosis prediction in OSCC patients, and offering guidance for the design of molecular targets carried by exosomes in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyue Ma
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Ruisi Yang
- Hebei Medical University, Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Haiyang Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
| | - Xiangjun Li
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Stomatology, Hebei Medical University, Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Hebei Province, Shijiazhuang, 050017, China
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Jin Y, Li T, Wu S, Liu Z, Li Y. MFAP5 variant-induced multiple giant thoracic aortic aneurysm. Cardiol Young 2024; 34:212-217. [PMID: 38031457 DOI: 10.1017/s1047951123004122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Heritable thoracic aortic aneurysms are complex conditions characterised by the dilation or rupture of the thoracic aorta, often occurring as an autosomal-dominant disorder associated with life-threatening complications. In this case report, we present a de novo variant, MFAP5 c.236_237insA (p.N79Kfs9), which is implicated in the development of inherited thoracic aortic aneurysm. The proband, a 15-year-old male, presented with recurrent cough, dull chest pain, chest distress, vomiting, and reduced activity tolerance, leading to the diagnosis of heritable thoracic aortic aneurysms. Whole-exome sequencing identified a novel heterozygous variant in MFAP5 (NM_003480, c.236_237insA, and p.N79Kfs9). MutationTester and PolyPhen-s predicted this variant to be damaging and disease-causing (probability = 1), while the SFIT score indicated protein damage (0.001). Structural analysis using the AlphaFold Protein structure database revealed that this mutation disrupted the N-linked glycosylation site, resulting in a frameshift, amino acid sequence alteration, and truncation of an essential protein site. To our knowledge, this is the first case report describing a young patient with heritable thoracic aortic aneurysm carrying the novel MFAP5 c.236_237insA (p.N79Kfs*9) variant. This variant represents the third identified mutation site associated with heritable thoracic aortic aneurysm. Given the high mortality and morbidity rates associated with thoracic aortic aneurysms, the prevention of severe and fatal complications is crucial in the clinical management of this condition. Our case highlights the importance of whole-exome sequencing and genetic screening in identifying potential pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants, particularly in early-onset patients with aortic dilation, to inform appropriate management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Jin
- Department of Pediatrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, SC, China
| | - Tiange Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, SC, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, SC, China
| | - Shaoying Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second People's Hospital of Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Xichang, SC, China
| | - Zhongqiang Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, SC, China
| | - Yifei Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of MOE, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, SC, China
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Jumaniyazova E, Lokhonina A, Dzhalilova D, Kosyreva A, Fatkhudinov T. Role of Microenvironmental Components in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1616. [PMID: 38003931 PMCID: PMC10672525 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13111616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell cancer (HNSCC) is one of the ten most common malignant neoplasms, characterized by an aggressive course, high recurrence rate, poor response to treatment, and low survival rate. This creates the need for a deeper understanding of the mechanisms of the pathogenesis of this cancer. The tumor microenvironment (TME) of HNSCC consists of stromal and immune cells, blood and lymphatic vessels, and extracellular matrix. It is known that HNSCC is characterized by complex relationships between cancer cells and TME components. TME components and their dynamic interactions with cancer cells enhance tumor adaptation to the environment, which provides the highly aggressive potential of HNSCC and resistance to antitumor therapy. Basic research aimed at studying the role of TME components in HNSCC carcinogenesis may serve as a key to the discovery of both new biomarkers-predictors of prognosis and targets for new antitumor drugs. This review article focuses on the role and interaction with cancer of TME components such as newly formed vessels, cancer-associated fibroblasts, and extracellular matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enar Jumaniyazova
- Research Institute of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 117198 Moscow, Russia; (A.L.); (A.K.); (T.F.)
| | - Anastasiya Lokhonina
- Research Institute of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 117198 Moscow, Russia; (A.L.); (A.K.); (T.F.)
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of FSBSI Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, 3 Tsyurupy Street, 117418 Moscow, Russia
- National Medical Research Center for Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology Named after Academician V.I. Kulakov of Ministry of Healthcare of Russian Federation, 4 Oparina Street, 117997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dzhuliia Dzhalilova
- Research Institute of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 117198 Moscow, Russia; (A.L.); (A.K.); (T.F.)
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of FSBSI Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, 3 Tsyurupy Street, 117418 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna Kosyreva
- Research Institute of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 117198 Moscow, Russia; (A.L.); (A.K.); (T.F.)
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of FSBSI Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, 3 Tsyurupy Street, 117418 Moscow, Russia
| | - Timur Fatkhudinov
- Research Institute of Molecular and Cellular Medicine, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), 6 Miklukho-Maklaya Street, 117198 Moscow, Russia; (A.L.); (A.K.); (T.F.)
- Avtsyn Research Institute of Human Morphology of FSBSI Petrovsky National Research Centre of Surgery, 3 Tsyurupy Street, 117418 Moscow, Russia
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Bano A, Vats R, Verma D, Yadav P, Kamboj M, Bhardwaj R. Exploring salivary exosomes as early predictors of oral cancer in susceptible tobacco consumers: noninvasive diagnostic and prognostic applications. J Cancer Res Clin Oncol 2023; 149:15781-15793. [PMID: 37668794 DOI: 10.1007/s00432-023-05343-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salivary exosome analysis provides a noninvasive and comprehensive approach with potential applications in oral cancer diagnosis and prognosis. The early detection of oral cancer has remained a critical concern in enhancing the quality of life, especially for individuals who consume tobacco and are at greater risk of developing the disease. The current study investigates the potential of salivary exosomes in screening smokers for early signs and transformations of oral cancer. METHODS Morphological characterization of salivary exosomes among three study groups (non-smokers as control, smokers as high-risk tobacco consumers, and Oral cancer) (n = 120) was carried out through dynamic light scattering, and nanoparticle tracking analysis. For molecular characterization, EXOCET and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy methods were utilized. The expression of the exosomal surface protein CD63 was evaluated using Western blotting. RESULTS Salivary exosomes exhibit noticeable differences in size between control group and tobacco consumers. The differentiation extended beyond exosome size and included variations in concentration and bio-molecular composition, as determined by FTIR screening. Tobacco consumers and oral cancer groups showed significantly larger and more concentrated exosomes compared to the healthy group. CONCLUSION Our study provides strong evidence that the properties of salivary exosomes can serve as reliable noninvasive biomarkers for distinguishing tobacco consumers from non-smokers and oral cancer patients. Our results underscore the potential of exosome-based diagnostics in early oral cancer detection for high-risk individuals. The larger size and higher concentration of exosomes in tobacco consumers indicate early changes in cell secretions associated with the transformation from healthy to abnormal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsareen Bano
- Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 122001, India
| | - Ravina Vats
- Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 122001, India
| | - Deepika Verma
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Pooja Yadav
- Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 122001, India
| | - Mala Kamboj
- Department of Oral Pathology, Postgraduate Institute of Dental Sciences, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India
| | - Rashmi Bhardwaj
- Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 122001, India.
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Axemaker H, Plesselova S, Calar K, Jorgensen M, Wollman J, de la Puente P. Normal Uterine Fibroblast Are Reprogramed into Ovarian Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts by Ovarian Tumor-derived Conditioned Media. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.09.29.560158. [PMID: 37873479 PMCID: PMC10592803 DOI: 10.1101/2023.09.29.560158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are key contributors to ovarian cancer (OC) progression and therapeutic resistance through dysregulation of the extracellular matrix (ECM). CAFs are a heterogenous population derived from different cell types through activation and reprogramming. Current studies rely on uncharacterized heterogenous primary CAFs or normal fibroblasts that fail to recapitulate CAF-like tumor behavior. Here, we present a translatable-based approach for the reprogramming of normal uterine fibroblasts into ovarian CAFs using ovarian tumor-derived conditioned media to establish two well-characterized ovarian conditioned CAF lines. Phenotypic and functional characterization demonstrated that the conditioned CAFs expressed a CAF-like phenotype, strengthened proliferation, secretory, contractility, and ECM remodeling properties when compared to resting normal fibroblasts, consistent with an activated fibroblast status. Moreover, conditioned CAFs significantly enhanced drug resistance and tumor progression and resembled a CAF-like subtype associated with worse prognosis. The present study provides a reproducible, cost-effective, and clinically relevant protocol to reprogram normal fibroblasts into CAFs using tumor-derived conditioned media. Using these resources, further development of therapeutics that possess potentiality and specificity towards CAF-mediated chemoresistance in OC are further warranted.
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10
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Raudenska M, Balvan J, Hanelova K, Bugajova M, Masarik M. Cancer-associated fibroblasts: Mediators of head and neck tumor microenvironment remodeling. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188940. [PMID: 37331641 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are involved in critical aspects of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) pathogenesis, such as the formation of a tumor-permissive extracellular matrix structure, angiogenesis, or immune and metabolic reprogramming of the tumor microenvironment (TME), with implications for metastasis and resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. The pleiotropic effect of CAFs in TME is likely to reflect the heterogeneity and plasticity of their population, with context-dependent effects on carcinogenesis. The specific properties of CAFs provide many targetable molecules that could play an important role in the future therapy of HNSCC. In this review article, we will focus on the role of CAFs in the TME of HNSCC tumors. We will also discuss clinically relevant agents targeting CAFs, their signals, and signaling pathways, which are activated by CAFs in cancer cells, with the potential for repurposing for HNSCC therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Raudenska
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University / Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University / Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Balvan
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University / Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Klara Hanelova
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University / Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Maria Bugajova
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University / Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michal Masarik
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University / Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University / Kamenice 5, CZ-625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; Institute of Pathophysiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, / U Nemocnice 5, CZ-128 53 Prague, Czech Republic.
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11
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Budi HS, Farhood B. Targeting oral tumor microenvironment for effective therapy. Cancer Cell Int 2023; 23:101. [PMID: 37221555 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-023-02943-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral cancers are among the common head and neck malignancies. Different anticancer therapy modalities such as chemotherapy, immunotherapy, radiation therapy, and also targeted molecular therapy may be prescribed for targeting oral malignancies. Traditionally, it has been assumed that targeting malignant cells alone by anticancer modalities such as chemotherapy and radiotherapy suppresses tumor growth. In the last decade, a large number of experiments have confirmed the pivotal role of other cells and secreted molecules in the tumor microenvironment (TME) on tumor progression. Extracellular matrix and immunosuppressive cells such as tumor-associated macrophages, myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), and regulatory T cells (Tregs) play key roles in the progression of tumors like oral cancers and resistance to therapy. On the other hand, infiltrated CD4 + and CD8 + T lymphocytes, and natural killer (NK) cells are key anti-tumor cells that suppress the proliferation of malignant cells. Modulation of extracellular matrix and immunosuppressive cells, and also stimulation of anticancer immunity have been suggested to treat oral malignancies more effectively. Furthermore, the administration of some adjuvants or combination therapy modalities may suppress oral malignancies more effectively. In this review, we discuss various interactions between oral cancer cells and TME. Furthermore, we also review the basic mechanisms within oral TME that may cause resistance to therapy. Potential targets and approaches for overcoming the resistance of oral cancers to various anticancer modalities will also be reviewed. The findings for targeting cells and potential therapeutic targets in clinical studies will also be reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Setia Budi
- Department of Oral Biology, Dental Pharmacology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya, Indonesia.
| | - Bagher Farhood
- Department of Medical Physics and Radiology, Faculty of Paramedical Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
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12
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Hu C, Zhang Y, Wu C, Huang Q. Heterogeneity of cancer-associated fibroblasts in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: opportunities and challenges. Cell Death Discov 2023; 9:124. [PMID: 37055382 PMCID: PMC10102018 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01428-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is among the most severe and complex malignant diseases with a high level of heterogeneity and, as a result, a wide range of therapeutic responses, regardless of clinical stage. Tumor progression depends on ongoing co-evolution and cross-talk with the tumor microenvironment (TME). In particular, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), embedded in the extracellular matrix (ECM), induce tumor growth and survival by interacting with tumor cells. Origin of CAFs is quite varied, and the activation patterns of CAFs are also heterogeneous. Crucially, the heterogeneity of CAFs appears to play a key role in ongoing tumor expansion, including facilitating proliferation, enhancing angiogenesis and invasion, and promoting therapy resistance, through the production of cytokines, chemokines, and other tumor-promotive molecules in the TME. This review describes the various origin and heterogeneous activation mechanisms of CAFs, and biological heterogeneity of CAFs in HNSCC is also included. Moreover, we have highlighted versatility of CAFs heterogeneity in HNSCC progression, and have discussed different tumor-promotive functions of CAFs respectively. In the future, it is a promising strategy for the therapy of HNSCC that specifically targeting tumor-promoting CAF subsets or the tumor-promoting functional targets of CAFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Hu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing TongRen Hospital, Capital Medical University, 100730, Beijing, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, 200031, Shanghai, China
| | - Chunping Wu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, 200031, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qiang Huang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, 200031, Shanghai, China.
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13
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Zhang T, Li H, Sun S, Zhou W, Zhang T, Yu Y, Wang Q, Wang M. Microfibrillar-associated protein 5 suppresses adipogenesis by inhibiting essential coactivator of PPARγ. Sci Rep 2023; 13:5589. [PMID: 37020143 PMCID: PMC10076305 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-32868-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Femoral head necrosis is responsible for severe pain and its incidence is increasing. Abnormal adipogenic differentiation and fat cell hypertrophy of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells increase intramedullary cavity pressure, leading to osteonecrosis. By analyzing gene expression before and after adipogenic differentiation, we found that Microfibril-Associated Protein 5 (MFAP5) is significantly down-regulated in adipogenesis whilst the mechanism of MFAP5 in regulating the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells is unknown. The purpose of this study was to clarify the role of MAFP5 in adipogenesis and therefore provide a theoretical basis for future therapeutic options of osteonecrosis. By knockdown or overexpression of MFAP5 in C3H10 and 3T3-L1 cells, we found that MFAP5 was significantly down-regulated as a key regulator of adipogenic differentiation, and identified the underlying downstream molecular mechanism. MFAP5 directly bound to and inhibited the expression of Staphylococcal Nuclease And Tudor Domain Containing 1, an essential coactivator of PPARγ, exerting an important regulatory role in adipogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianlong Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, No128. Ruili Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Center of Community-Based Health Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haoran Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, No128. Ruili Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Department of Anatomy and Stem Cells and Metabolism Research Program, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Shiwei Sun
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, No128. Ruili Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Center of Community-Based Health Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wuling Zhou
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, No128. Ruili Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Center of Community-Based Health Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tieqi Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, No128. Ruili Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Center of Community-Based Health Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yueming Yu
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, No128. Ruili Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Center of Community-Based Health Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, No128. Ruili Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China.
- Center of Community-Based Health Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Minghai Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Fudan University, No128. Ruili Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200240, China.
- Center of Community-Based Health Research, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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14
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Starska-Kowarska K. The Role of Different Immunocompetent Cell Populations in the Pathogenesis of Head and Neck Cancer-Regulatory Mechanisms of Pro- and Anti-Cancer Activity and Their Impact on Immunotherapy. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:1642. [PMID: 36980527 PMCID: PMC10046400 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15061642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the most aggressive and heterogeneous groups of human neoplasms. HNSCC is characterized by high morbidity, accounting for 3% of all cancers, and high mortality with ~1.5% of all cancer deaths. It was the most common cancer worldwide in 2020, according to the latest GLOBOCAN data, representing the seventh most prevalent human malignancy. Despite great advances in surgical techniques and the application of modern combinations and cytotoxic therapies, HNSCC remains a leading cause of death worldwide with a low overall survival rate not exceeding 40-60% of the patient population. The most common causes of death in patients are its frequent nodal metastases and local neoplastic recurrences, as well as the relatively low response to treatment and severe drug resistance. Much evidence suggests that the tumour microenvironment (TME), tumour infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and circulating various subpopulations of immunocompetent cells, such regulatory T cells (CD4+CD25+Foxp3+Tregs), cytotoxic CD3+CD8+ T cells (CTLs) and CD3+CD4+ T helper type 1/2/9/17 (Th1/Th2/Th9/Th17) lymphocytes, T follicular helper cells (Tfh) and CD56dim/CD16bright activated natural killer cells (NK), carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs), tumour-associated neutrophils (N1/N2 TANs), as well as tumour-associated macrophages (M1/M2 phenotype TAMs) can affect initiation, progression and spread of HNSCC and determine the response to immunotherapy. Rapid advances in the field of immuno-oncology and the constantly growing knowledge of the immunosuppressive mechanisms and effects of tumour cancer have allowed for the use of effective and personalized immunotherapy as a first-line therapeutic procedure or an essential component of a combination therapy for primary, relapsed and metastatic HNSCC. This review presents the latest reports and molecular studies regarding the anti-tumour role of selected subpopulations of immunocompetent cells in the pathogenesis of HNSCC, including HPV+ve (HPV+) and HPV-ve (HPV-) tumours. The article focuses on the crucial regulatory mechanisms of pro- and anti-tumour activity, key genetic or epigenetic changes that favour tumour immune escape, and the strategies that the tumour employs to avoid recognition by immunocompetent cells, as well as resistance mechanisms to T and NK cell-based immunotherapy in HNSCC. The present review also provides an overview of the pre- and clinical early trials (I/II phase) and phase-III clinical trials published in this arena, which highlight the unprecedented effectiveness and limitations of immunotherapy in HNSCC, and the emerging issues facing the field of HNSCC immuno-oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Starska-Kowarska
- Department of Physiology, Pathophysiology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Clinical Physiology, Medical University of Lodz, Żeligowskiego 7/9, 90-752 Lodz, Poland; ; Tel.: +48-604-541-412
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, EnelMed Center Expert, Drewnowska 58, 91-001 Lodz, Poland
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15
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Li J, Wu X, Ni X, Li Y, Xu L, Hao X, Zhao W, Zhu X, Yin X. Angiotensin receptor blockers retard the progression and fibrosis via inhibiting the viability of AGTR1+ CAFs in intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma. Clin Transl Med 2023; 13:e1213. [PMID: 36855786 PMCID: PMC9975461 DOI: 10.1002/ctm2.1213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (iCCA) is a highly lethal malignancy characterized by massive fibrosis and has ineffective adjuvant therapies. Here, we demonstrate the potential of angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) in targeting iCCA. METHODS Masson's trichrome staining was used to assess the effect of ARBs in iCCA specimens, CCK8 and gel contraction assays in vitro and in xenograft models in vivo. RNA-seq and ATAC-seq were used for mechanistic investigations. RESULTS Patients with iCCA who were administered ARBs had a better prognosis and a lower proportion of tumour stroma, indicating alleviated fibrosis. The presence of AGTR1, the ARBs receptor, is associated with a poor prognosis of iCCA and is highly expressed in tumour tissues and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs). The ARBs strongly attenuated the viability of AGTR1+ CAFs in vitro and retarded tumour progression and fibrosis in xenograft models of co-cultured CAFs and iCCA cells. Still, they did not have a significant effect on AGTR1- CAFs. Moreover, ARBs decreased the secretion of AGTR1+ CAF-derived MFAP5 via the Hippo pathway, weakened the interaction between CAFs and iCCA cells, and impaired the aggressiveness of iCCA cells by attenuating the activation of the Notch1 pathway in iCCA cells. CONCLUSIONS ARBs exhibit anti-fibrotic function by inhibiting the viability of AGTR1+ CAFs. These findings support using ARBs as a novel therapeutic option for targeting iCCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian‐Hui Li
- Department of Pancreato‐Biliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Xiao Wu
- Department of Pancreato‐Biliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Xuhao Ni
- Department of Pancreato‐Biliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Ya‐Xiong Li
- Department of Pancreato‐Biliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Long Xu
- Key Laboratory of Stem Cells and Tissue EngineeringSun Yat‐sen UniversityMinistry of EducationGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Xiao‐Yi Hao
- Lau Luen Hung Private Medical CenterUnit 3 (Surgery)The First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Wei Zhao
- Department of Physiology, Zhongshan School of MedicineSun Yat‐Sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Xiao‐Xu Zhu
- Department of Pancreato‐Biliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
| | - Xiao‐Yu Yin
- Department of Pancreato‐Biliary SurgeryThe First Affiliated HospitalSun Yat‐sen UniversityGuangzhouGuangdongChina
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16
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Secretome of Stromal Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts (CAFs): Relevance in Cancer. Cells 2023; 12:cells12040628. [PMID: 36831295 PMCID: PMC9953839 DOI: 10.3390/cells12040628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The cancer secretome reflects the assortment of proteins released by cancer cells. Investigating cell secretomes not only provides a deeper knowledge of the healthy and transformed state but also helps in the discovery of novel biomarkers. Secretomes of cancer cells have been studied in the past, however, the secretome contribution of stromal cells needs to be studied. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are one of the predominantly present cell populations in the tumor microenvironment (TME). CAFs play key role in functions associated with matrix deposition and remodeling, reciprocal exchange of nutrients, and molecular interactions and signaling with neighboring cells in the TME. Investigating CAFs secretomes or CAFs-secreted factors would help in identifying novel CAF-specific biomarkers, unique druggable targets, and an improved understanding for personalized cancer diagnosis and prognosis. In this review, we have tried to include all studies available in PubMed with the keywords "CAFs Secretome". We aim to provide a comprehensive summary of the studies investigating role of the CAF secretome on cancer development, progression, and therapeutic outcome. However, challenges associated with this process have also been addressed in the later sections. We have highlighted the functions and clinical relevance of secretome analysis in stromal CAF-rich cancer types. This review specifically discusses the secretome of stromal CAFs in cancers. A deeper understanding of the components of the CAF secretome and their interactions with cancer cells will help in the identification of personalized biomarkers and a more precise treatment plan.
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17
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Karve K, Poon S, Prinos P, Ailles L. 3D Spheroid Invasion Assay for High-Throughput Screening of Small-Molecule Libraries. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2706:201-214. [PMID: 37558951 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3397-7_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
Cancer metastasis is a complex cascade that involves the activation of cancer cell migration and invasion of the extracellular space. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are known inducers of cancer cell invasion. However, current in vitro invasion assays such as the Boyden chamber assay are cumbersome and low throughput. Therefore, there is an urgent need for new ex vivo, surrogate invasion assays that can faithfully recapitulate the cancer cell invasion process in vitro and are amenable to large-scale screening of small-molecule libraries in a high-throughput fashion. Here, we describe a well-established high-throughput three-dimensional (3D) spheroid invasion assay as a powerful tool to identify novel molecular targets that can potentially mediate CAF-dependent cancer cell invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunal Karve
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Stephanie Poon
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Panagiotis Prinos
- Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Laurie Ailles
- Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, ON, Canada.
- Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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18
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Xiao L, Zhu J, Liu Z, Wu B, Zhou X, Wei Y, Sun F, Wang Z, Quan S, Li Q, Wang J, Huang L, Ma Y. Different transcriptional profiles of human embryonic stem cells grown in a feeder-free culture system and on human foreskin fibroblast feeder layers. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:7443-7454. [PMID: 36103219 PMCID: PMC9550256 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Feeder cells provide an optimal microenvironment for the propagation of human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) by supplying currently known or unknown factors. However, the hESCs grown on feeder cells are not suitable for the purpose of clinical application because of the risk of contamination. In recent years, the feeder-free culture method has been developed to eliminate contamination, but some studies show that hESCs exhibit poor growth patterns in a feeder-free culture system. Regarding this phenomenon, we speculate that some genes related to hESC propagation were differently expressed in hESCs grown on feeder cells. To test this hypothesis, 3 hESC lines (NF4, NF5 and P096) were efficiently expanded in a feeder-free culture system or on human foreskin fibroblast (HFF) cells. The different gene expression patterns of hESCs in these 2 conditions were analyzed through microarrays. The results revealed that the hESCs cultured in both conditions maintained the expression of stemness markers and the ability to spontaneously differentiate into the 3 germ layers. The analysis of gene expression profiles revealed that 23 lncRNA and 15 genes were significantly differentially expressed in these two culture conditions. Furthermore, GO analyses showed that these genes were involved in such biological processes as growth factor stimuli, cell growth, and stem cell maintenance. To summarize, our study demonstrated that the hESCs grown on the HFF showed different gene expression patterns compared to those grown in a feeder-free culture system, suggesting that these differently expressed lncRNAs and genes played important roles in maintaining hESC propagation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Xiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Juan Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Reproductive Medicine and Genetic Research, Reproductive Medical Center, Hainan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Thalassemia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570102, Hainan, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570102, Hainan, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- College of Medical Laboratory Science, Guilin Medical University, Guilin 541004, Guangxi, China
| | - Bangyong Wu
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Reproductive Medicine and Genetic Research, Reproductive Medical Center, Hainan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Thalassemia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570102, Hainan, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570102, Hainan, China
| | - Xiaohua Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanxing Wei
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Fei Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhijian Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Song Quan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Qi Li
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Reproductive Medicine and Genetic Research, Reproductive Medical Center, Hainan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Thalassemia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570102, Hainan, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570102, Hainan, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Center for Molecular Development and Disease, Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A&M Health Science Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - Liping Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanlin Ma
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
- Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Reproductive Medicine and Genetic Research, Reproductive Medical Center, Hainan Provincial Clinical Research Center for Thalassemia, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570102, Hainan, China
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Translational Medicine of Ministry of Education, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 570102, Hainan, China
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19
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Bano A, Vats R, Yadav P, Bhardwaj R. Exosomics in oral cancer diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutics - An emergent and imperative non-invasive natural nanoparticle-based approach. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2022; 178:103799. [PMID: 36031170 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2022.103799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Exosomes- the natural nanoparticles belonging to heterogeneous vesicles are released via nearly all sorts of cells, including tumour cells, to oprate intercellular communication. Selective packaging of exosomes amid nucleic acids, phospholipids, and proteins makes them ideal for intercellular communications occurring among different cells. The existence of exosomes has been validated in various biofluids, including saliva. Being non-invasive and in direct contact with oral malignant cells, saliva establishes itself as a preeminent source of early cancer biomarkers. In context, the role and providence of both recipient and donor secreting cells are persuaded through exosomal cargo.Several studies have emphasized the influence of exosomal contents in different stages of cancer development, reconciling interactions between tumour cells and their surrounding niche. More explicitly, a transformation of exosomal contents such as nucleic acids, lipids, and proteins can endorse tumour progression and help ascertain a secluded pre-metastatic niche crammed with substances that errand cancer cell proliferation,angiogenesis, metastasis, and drug resistance. The blooming field of exosomes has directed the evolution of high-end isolation and characterization techniques along with the development of an entirely new field- exosomics that comprises complete analysis of exosomal cargo in various physiological conditions, including oral cancer. Researchers have discovered multiple pathways involved in exosome biogenesis to understand numerous events associated with cancer progression. Tissue-specific packaging of exosomes makes them a novel source of prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets. The extent of the current review confers the contemporary perception of the versatile task of exosomes, especially salivary exosomes, as potential biomarkers in the progression and diagnosis as well as therapeutics of oral cancers and their potential employment in clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsareen Bano
- Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India.
| | - Ravina Vats
- Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India.
| | - Pooja Yadav
- Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India.
| | - Rashmi Bhardwaj
- Centre for Medical Biotechnology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India.
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20
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Li Y, Gao S, Hu Q, Wu F. Functional Properties of Cancer Epithelium and Stroma-Derived Exosomes in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12050757. [PMID: 35629423 PMCID: PMC9145061 DOI: 10.3390/life12050757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Stroma–cancer cell crosstalk involves a complex signaling network that contributes to tumor progression, including carcinogenesis, angiogenesis, migration, invasion, and therapy resistance in cancers. Exosomes, as extracellular membranous nanovesicles released by almost all types of cells, including tumor cells and stromal cells, play a critical role in signal delivery and material communication, in which the characteristics of their parent cells are reflected. The tumor or stroma-derived exosomes mediate cell–cell communication in the tumor microenvironment by transporting DNA, RNA, proteins, lipids, and metabolites. Recent studies on head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) have demonstrated that tumor-derived exosomes support various tumor biological behaviors, whereas the functional roles of stroma-derived exosomes remain largely unknown. Although these exosomes are emerging as promising targets in early diagnosis, prognostic prediction, and pharmaceutical carriers for antitumor therapy, there are still multiple hurdles to be overcome before they can be used in clinical applications. Herein, we systematically summarize the promotive roles of the epithelium and stroma-derived exosomes in HNSCC and highlight the potential clinical applications of exosomes in the treatment of HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- Department of Oral Pathology, College of Stomatology, Ningxia Medical University, South Sheng Li Street 804, Yinchuan 750004, China;
- Key Laboratory of Stomatology of Fujian Province, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Fujian Medical University, Yang Qiao Middle Road 246, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Shengtao Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, South Renmin Road, Sec. 3, No. 14, Chengdu 610041, China;
| | - Qi Hu
- College of Public Health and Management, Ningxia Medical University, South Sheng Li Street 1160, Yinchuan 750004, China;
| | - Fanglong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Frontier Innovation Center for Dental Medicine Plus, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, South Renmin Road, Sec. 3, No. 14, Chengdu 610041, China
- Correspondence:
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21
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GLIS1 in Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts Regulates the Migration and Invasion of Ovarian Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23042218. [PMID: 35216340 PMCID: PMC8874490 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23042218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the most important players that modulate tumor aggressiveness. In this study, we aimed to identify CAF-related genes in ovarian serous carcinomas (OSC) that account for the high incidence and mortality of ovarian cancers (OCs) and to develop therapeutic targets for tumor microenvironment modulation. Here, we performed a microarray analysis of CAFs isolated from three metastatic and three nonmetastatic OSC tissues and compared their gene expression profiles. Among the genes increased in metastatic CAFs (mCAFs), GLIS1 (Glis Family Zinc Finger 1) showed a significant increase in both the gene mRNA and protein expression levels. Knockdown of GLIS1 in mCAFs significantly inhibited migration, invasion, and wound healing ability of OC cells. In addition, an in vivo study demonstrated that knockdown of GLIS1 in CAFs reduced peritoneal metastasis. Taken together, these results suggest that CAFs support migration and metastasis of OC cells by GLIS1 overexpression. It also indicates GLIS1 in CAFs might be a potential therapeutic target to inhibit OC metastasis.
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22
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den bossche VV, Zaryouh H, Vara-Messler M, Vignau J, Machiels JP, Wouters A, Schmitz S, Corbet C. Microenvironment-driven intratumoral heterogeneity in head and neck cancers: clinical challenges and opportunities for precision medicine. Drug Resist Updat 2022; 60:100806. [DOI: 10.1016/j.drup.2022.100806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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23
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Villegas-Pineda JC, Lizarazo-Taborda MDR, Ramírez-de-Arellano A, Pereira-Suárez AL. Exosomal miRNAs and lncRNAs: The Modulator Keys of Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts in the Genesis and Progression of Malignant Neoplasms. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:717478. [PMID: 34912797 PMCID: PMC8667074 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.717478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment is made up of a universe of molecular and cellular components that promote or inhibit the development of neoplasms. Among the molecular elements are cytokines, metalloproteinases, proteins, mitochondrial DNA, and nucleic acids, within which the ncRNAs: miRNAs and lncRNAs stand out due to their direct modulating effects on the genesis and progression of various cancers. Regarding cellular elements, the solid tumor microenvironment is made up of tumor cells, healthy adjacent epithelial cells, immune system cells, endothelial cells, and stromal cells, such as cancer-associated fibroblasts, which are capable of generating a modulating communication network with the other components of the tumor microenvironment through, among other mechanisms, the secretion of exosomal vesicles loaded with miRNAs and lncRNAs. These ncRNAs are key pieces in developing neoplasms since they have diverse effects on cancer cells and healthy cells, favoring or negatively regulating protumoral cellular events, such as migration, invasion, proliferation, metastasis, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and resistance to treatment. Due to the growing number of relevant evidence in recent years, this work focused on reviewing, analyzing, highlighting, and showing the current state of research on exosomal ncRNAs derived from cancer-associated fibroblasts and their effects on different neoplasms. A future perspective on using these ncRNAs as real therapeutic tools in the treatment of cancer patients is also proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio César Villegas-Pineda
- Doctorado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico.,Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | | | - Adrián Ramírez-de-Arellano
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Ana Laura Pereira-Suárez
- Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Biomédicas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico.,Departamento de Microbiología y Patología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
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24
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Li C, Teixeira AF, Zhu HJ, Ten Dijke P. Cancer associated-fibroblast-derived exosomes in cancer progression. Mol Cancer 2021; 20:154. [PMID: 34852849 PMCID: PMC8638446 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-021-01463-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
To identify novel cancer therapies, the tumor microenvironment (TME) has received a lot of attention in recent years in particular with the advent of clinical successes achieved by targeting immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). The TME consists of multiple cell types that are embedded in the extracellular matrix (ECM), including immune cells, endothelial cells and cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs), which communicate with cancer cells and each other during tumor progression. CAFs are a dominant and heterogeneous cell type within the TME with a pivotal role in controlling cancer cell invasion and metastasis, immune evasion, angiogenesis and chemotherapy resistance. CAFs mediate their effects in part by remodeling the ECM and by secreting soluble factors and extracellular vesicles. Exosomes are a subtype of extracellular vesicles (EVs), which contain various biomolecules such as nucleic acids, lipids, and proteins. The biomolecules in exosomes can be transmitted from one to another cell, and thereby affect the behavior of the receiving cell. As exosomes are also present in circulation, their contents can also be explored as biomarkers for the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer patients. In this review, we concentrate on the role of CAFs-derived exosomes in the communication between CAFs and cancer cells and other cells of the TME. First, we introduce the multiple roles of CAFs in tumorigenesis. Thereafter, we discuss the ways CAFs communicate with cancer cells and interplay with other cells of the TME, and focus in particular on the role of exosomes. Then, we elaborate on the mechanisms by which CAFs-derived exosomes contribute to cancer progression, as well as and the clinical impact of exosomes. We conclude by discussing aspects of exosomes that deserve further investigation, including emerging insights into making treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitor blockade more efficient.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Li
- Oncode Institute and Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Adilson Fonseca Teixeira
- Department of Surgery, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Hong-Jian Zhu
- Department of Surgery, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Peter Ten Dijke
- Oncode Institute and Department of Cell and Chemical Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.
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25
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He C, Wang L, Li L, Zhu G. Extracellular vesicle-orchestrated crosstalk between cancer-associated fibroblasts and tumors. Transl Oncol 2021; 14:101231. [PMID: 34601397 PMCID: PMC8493591 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 09/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
EVs mediate the interaction between tumor and stromal cells in the TME. Tumors mediate CAF-like activation of stromal cells through EVs. CAF-derived EVs promote tumor proliferation, metastasis and therapeutic resistance.
Communication networks in the tumor microenvironment (TME) play a crucial role in tumor progression. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are among the most abundant stromal cells in the TME. Bidirectional signal transduction between cancer cells and CAFs within the TME is important for cancer development and treatment responsiveness. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) carrying proteins, miRNAs, and other biomolecules are secreted into the extracellular matrix (ECM), which has been demonstrated to be an important communication medium between tumors and CAFs. Tumors regulate the activation of CAFs by secreting EVs. Conversely, CAFs can also affect tumor proliferation, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance through EVs. Here, we will classify EV cargoes and discuss the role of EV-mediated interactions between CAFs and tumors, reviewing current knowledge in combination with our confirmed results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuanshi He
- Department of Stomatology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital, Sichuan Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Linlin Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital, Sichuan Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Stomatology, Sichuan Cancer Hospital, Sichuan Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Guiquan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, Department of Head and Neck Oncology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, Section 3, Renmin South Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China.
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26
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Bienkowska KJ, Hanley CJ, Thomas GJ. Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts in Oral Cancer: A Current Perspective on Function and Potential for Therapeutic Targeting. FRONTIERS IN ORAL HEALTH 2021; 2:686337. [PMID: 35048030 PMCID: PMC8757746 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2021.686337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of the tumour microenvironement (TME) in cancer progression and resistance to therapies is now widely recognized. The most prominent non-immune cell type in the microenvironment of oral cancer (OSCC) is cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF). Although CAF are a poorly characterised and heterogenous cell population, those with an "activated" myofibroblastic phenotype have been shown to support OSCC progression, promoting growth, invasion and numerous other "hallmarks of malignancy." CAF also confer broad resistance to different types of therapy, including chemo/radiotherapy and EGFR inhibitors; consistent with this, CAF-rich OSCC are associated with poor prognosis. In recent years, much CAF research has focused on their immunological role in the tumour microenvironment, showing that CAF shield tumours from immune attack through multiple mechanisms, and particularly on their role in promoting resistance to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 checkpoint inhibitors, an exciting development for the treatment of recurrent/metastatic oral cancer, but which fails in most patients. This review summarises our current understanding of CAF subtypes and function in OSCC and discusses the potential for targeting these cells therapeutically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila J. Bienkowska
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | | | - Gareth J. Thomas
- School of Cancer Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom
- Cancer Research UK and National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Southampton Experimental Cancer Medicine Centre, Southampton, United Kingdom
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27
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Cui SH, Hu XD, Yan Y. Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway participates in the effect of miR-626 on oral squamous cell carcinoma by targeting RASSF4. J Oral Pathol Med 2021; 50:1005-1017. [PMID: 34121238 DOI: 10.1111/jop.13216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The role of miR-626 in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) was investigated by targeting RASSF4. METHODS The miR-626 and RASSF4 expression was detected in normal oral mucosa or OSCC tissues and OSCC or normal cells. The methylation status of RASSF4 was analyzed using methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The cytoplasmic/nuclear ratios (C/N ratios) targeted by miR-626 were examined using microarray, followed by a dual-luciferase reporter assay. The subcellular localization of RASSF4 and miR-626 in OSCC cells was determined using RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and immunocytochemistry (ICC), respectively. Ca9-22 and HSC2 cells were divided into mock, inhibitor NC, miR-626 inhibitor, scramble, RASSF4 and miR-626 mimic + RASSF4 groups, and then CCK-8, Annexin V-FITC/PI, wound healing, Transwell, qRT-PCR and western blotting assays were performed. RESULTS OSCC tissues and cells had increased miR-626 expression and decreased RASSF4 expression. Patients with RASSF4 methylation had lower RASSF4 expression than those without methylation. In addition, a negative correlation between miR-626 and RASSF4 was found in OSCC tissues, both of which were correlated with the pathological grade, pathological stage, lymph node metastasis and patient prognosis. MiR-626 targeted RASSF4 in OSCC cells. Overexpressed RASSF4 inhibited the proliferation, invasion, migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of OSCC cells, promoted cell apoptosis, and blocked the Wnt/β-Catenin pathway, which was reversed by miR-626 overexpression. CONCLUSIONS Inhibiting miR-626 can regulate the biological characteristics of OSCC cells, including proliferation, invasion, migration, EMT and apoptosis, by targeting RASSF4, which may be related to the Wnt/β-Catenin pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Hai Cui
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Yantai Stomatological Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Xiao-Di Hu
- Department of Stomatology, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Yan Yan
- Department of Stomatology, Yantaishan Hospital, Yantai, China
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28
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Wu F, Yang J, Liu J, Wang Y, Mu J, Zeng Q, Deng S, Zhou H. Signaling pathways in cancer-associated fibroblasts and targeted therapy for cancer. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2021; 6:218. [PMID: 34108441 PMCID: PMC8190181 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-021-00641-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 251] [Impact Index Per Article: 83.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
To flourish, cancers greatly depend on their surrounding tumor microenvironment (TME), and cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) in TME are critical for cancer occurrence and progression because of their versatile roles in extracellular matrix remodeling, maintenance of stemness, blood vessel formation, modulation of tumor metabolism, immune response, and promotion of cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and therapeutic resistance. CAFs are highly heterogeneous stromal cells and their crosstalk with cancer cells is mediated by a complex and intricate signaling network consisting of transforming growth factor-beta, phosphoinositide 3-kinase/AKT/mammalian target of rapamycin, mitogen-activated protein kinase, Wnt, Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription, epidermal growth factor receptor, Hippo, and nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells, etc., signaling pathways. These signals in CAFs exhibit their own special characteristics during the cancer progression and have the potential to be targeted for anticancer therapy. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of these signaling cascades in interactions between cancer cells and CAFs is necessary to fully realize the pivotal roles of CAFs in cancers. Herein, in this review, we will summarize the enormous amounts of findings on the signals mediating crosstalk of CAFs with cancer cells and its related targets or trials. Further, we hypothesize three potential targeting strategies, including, namely, epithelial-mesenchymal common targets, sequential target perturbation, and crosstalk-directed signaling targets, paving the way for CAF-directed or host cell-directed antitumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fanglong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Junjiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingtian Mu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingxiang Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuzhi Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongmei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center of Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.
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29
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Sá JDO, Trino LD, Oliveira AK, Lopes AFB, Granato DC, Normando AGC, Santos ES, Neves LX, Carnielli CM, Paes Leme AF. Proteomic approaches to assist in diagnosis and prognosis of oral cancer. Expert Rev Proteomics 2021; 18:261-284. [PMID: 33945368 DOI: 10.1080/14789450.2021.1924685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) ranks among the top 10 leading causes of cancer worldwide, with 5-year survival rate of about 50%, high lymph node metastasis, and relapse rates. The OSCC diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment are mostly based on the clinical TNM classification. There is an urgent need for the discovery of biomarkers and therapeutic targets to assist in the clinical decision-making process.Areas covered: We summarize proteomic studies of the OSCC tumor, immune microenvironment, potential liquid biopsy sites, and post-translational modifications trying to retrieve information in the discovery and verification or (pre)validation phases. The search strategy was based on the combination of MeSH terms and expert refinement.Expert opinion: Untargeted combined with targeted proteomics are strategies that provide reliable and reproducible quantitation of proteins and are the methods of choice of many groups worldwide. Undoubtedly, proteomics has been contributing to the understanding of OSCC progression and uncovers potential candidates as biomarker or therapeutic targets. Nevertheless, none of these targets are available in the clinical practice yet. The scientific community needs to overcome the limitations by investing in robust experimental designs to strengthen the value of the findings, leveraging the translation of knowledge, and further supporting clinical decisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jamile De Oliveira Sá
- Laboratório Nacional De Biociências (Lnbio), Centro Nacional De Pesquisa Em Energia E Materiais (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil.,Departamento De Diagnóstico Oral, Faculdade De Odontologia De Piracicaba, Universidade Estadual De Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Luciana Daniele Trino
- Laboratório Nacional De Biociências (Lnbio), Centro Nacional De Pesquisa Em Energia E Materiais (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Ana Karina Oliveira
- Laboratório Nacional De Biociências (Lnbio), Centro Nacional De Pesquisa Em Energia E Materiais (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Ariane Fidelis Busso Lopes
- Laboratório Nacional De Biociências (Lnbio), Centro Nacional De Pesquisa Em Energia E Materiais (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Daniela Campos Granato
- Laboratório Nacional De Biociências (Lnbio), Centro Nacional De Pesquisa Em Energia E Materiais (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Ana Gabriela Costa Normando
- Laboratório Nacional De Biociências (Lnbio), Centro Nacional De Pesquisa Em Energia E Materiais (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil.,Departamento De Diagnóstico Oral, Faculdade De Odontologia De Piracicaba, Universidade Estadual De Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Erison Santana Santos
- Laboratório Nacional De Biociências (Lnbio), Centro Nacional De Pesquisa Em Energia E Materiais (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil.,Departamento De Diagnóstico Oral, Faculdade De Odontologia De Piracicaba, Universidade Estadual De Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - Leandro Xavier Neves
- Laboratório Nacional De Biociências (Lnbio), Centro Nacional De Pesquisa Em Energia E Materiais (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Carolina Moretto Carnielli
- Laboratório Nacional De Biociências (Lnbio), Centro Nacional De Pesquisa Em Energia E Materiais (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Adriana Franco Paes Leme
- Laboratório Nacional De Biociências (Lnbio), Centro Nacional De Pesquisa Em Energia E Materiais (CNPEM), Campinas, Brazil
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30
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Berzaghi R, Islam A, Hellevik T, Martinez-Zubiaurre I. Secretion rates and protein composition of extracellular vesicles released by cancer-associated fibroblasts after radiation. JOURNAL OF RADIATION RESEARCH 2021; 62:401-413. [PMID: 33899109 PMCID: PMC8127688 DOI: 10.1093/jrr/rrab018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Reciprocal communication between the malignant and non-malignant cellular elements in tumors is essential for cancer sustainability and plays an important role in the response of cancers to treatments. Some of this cellular crosstalk takes place via secretion of vesicles that are actively released into the extracellular space by most cell types in tumors. Recent studies have demonstrated radiation-induced changes in the secretion rate and composition of extracellular vesicles (EVs), with impact on radiation-related cellular communication. However, little is known about the effects of different radiation regimens on the release of EVs by cells of the tumor microenvironment. In this study, we provide a comprehensive molecular characterization of EVs released by cultured primary lung tumor fibroblasts. We explore the quantitative and morphological changes triggered by ionizing radiation (IR), delivered as a single dose of 18 Gy or three consecutive daily medium-doses of 6 Gy. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) secrete EVs with sizes ranging from 80 to 200 nm, expressing some of the classical exosome markers. Exposing CAFs to a single-high radiation dose (1 × 18 Gy) or fractionated medium-dose did not alter the release of CAF-EVs. The protein composition of CAF-EVs was analyzed by LC-MS/MS proteomics and revealed that CAF-EVs are enriched with heat shock proteins, integrins, tetraspanins, proteinases, collagens, growth factors and an array of molecules involved in the regulation of cell migration and the immune system. Quantitative proteomic analyses revealed minor changes in the protein composition of CAF-EVs after radiation exposure. Taken together, this study presents original data on lung tumor CAF-EV composition and reveals that release and protein cargo of CAF-EVs are largely unaltered after exposing CAFs to IR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Berzaghi
- Corresponding author. Rodrigo Berzaghi, PhD, Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Tromsø, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway. E-mail:
| | - Ashraful Islam
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, 9037, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Turid Hellevik
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital of Northern Norway, Tromsø, Norway
| | - Inigo Martinez-Zubiaurre
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, 9037, Tromsø, Norway
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31
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Using proteomic and transcriptomic data to assess activation of intracellular molecular pathways. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2021; 127:1-53. [PMID: 34340765 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2021.02.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Analysis of molecular pathway activation is the recent instrument that helps to quantize activities of various intracellular signaling, structural, DNA synthesis and repair, and biochemical processes. This may have a deep impact in fundamental research, bioindustry, and medicine. Unlike gene ontology analyses and numerous qualitative methods that can establish whether a pathway is affected in principle, the quantitative approach has the advantage of exactly measuring the extent of a pathway up/downregulation. This results in emergence of a new generation of molecular biomarkers-pathway activation levels, which reflect concentration changes of all measurable pathway components. The input data can be the high-throughput proteomic or transcriptomic profiles, and the output numbers take both positive and negative values and positively reflect overall pathway activation. Due to their nature, the pathway activation levels are more robust biomarkers compared to the individual gene products/protein levels. Here, we review the current knowledge of the quantitative gene expression interrogation methods and their applications for the molecular pathway quantization. We consider enclosed bioinformatic algorithms and their applications for solving real-world problems. Besides a plethora of applications in basic life sciences, the quantitative pathway analysis can improve molecular design and clinical investigations in pharmaceutical industry, can help finding new active biotechnological components and can significantly contribute to the progressive evolution of personalized medicine. In addition to the theoretical principles and concepts, we also propose publicly available software for the use of large-scale protein/RNA expression data to assess the human pathway activation levels.
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32
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Abstract
Secretory proteins in tumor tissues are important components of the tumor microenvironment. Secretory proteins act on tumor cells or stromal cells or mediate interactions between tumor cells and stromal cells, thereby affecting tumor progression and clinical treatment efficacy. In this paper, recent research advances in secretory proteins in malignant tumors are reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Center for Cancer Precision Medicine, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Jiajie Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Center for Cancer Precision Medicine, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Yan Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Center for Cancer Precision Medicine, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Mingrong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Oncology, Center for Cancer Precision Medicine, National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China
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Linares J, Marín-Jiménez JA, Badia-Ramentol J, Calon A. Determinants and Functions of CAFs Secretome During Cancer Progression and Therapy. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:621070. [PMID: 33553157 PMCID: PMC7862334 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.621070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple lines of evidence are indicating that cancer development and malignant progression are not exclusively epithelial cancer cell-autonomous processes but may also depend on crosstalk with the surrounding tumor microenvironment (TME). Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are abundantly represented in the TME and are continuously interacting with cancer cells. CAFs are regulating key mechanisms during progression to metastasis and response to treatment by enhancing cancer cells survival and aggressiveness. The latest advances in CAFs biology are pointing to CAFs-secreted factors as druggable targets and companion tools for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. Especially, extensive research conducted in the recent years has underscored the potential of several cytokines as actionable biomarkers that are currently evaluated in the clinical setting. In this review, we explore the current understanding of CAFs secretome determinants and functions to discuss their clinical implication in oncology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenniffer Linares
- Cancer Research Program, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan A. Marín-Jiménez
- Department of Medical Oncology, Catalan Institute of Oncology (ICO) - L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jordi Badia-Ramentol
- Cancer Research Program, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alexandre Calon
- Cancer Research Program, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain
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Wang X, Guo J, Yu P, Guo L, Mao X, Wang J, Miao S, Sun J. The roles of extracellular vesicles in the development, microenvironment, anticancer drug resistance, and therapy of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2021; 40:35. [PMID: 33478586 PMCID: PMC7819156 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-01840-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the main malignant tumours affecting human health, mainly due to delayed diagnosis and high invasiveness. Extracellular vehicles (EVs) are membranous vesicles released by cells into the extracellular matrix that carry important signalling molecules and stably and widely exist in various body fluids, such as plasma, saliva, cerebrospinal fluid, breast milk, urine, semen, lymphatic fluid, synovial fluid, amniotic fluid, and sputum. EVs transport almost all types of bioactive molecules (DNA, mRNAs, microRNAs (miRNAs), proteins, metabolites, and even pharmacological compounds). These "cargoes" can act on recipient cells, reshaping the surrounding microenvironment and altering distant targets, ultimately affecting their biological behaviour. The extensive exploration of EVs has deepened our comprehensive understanding of HNSCC biology. In this review, we not only summarized the effect of HNSCC-derived EVs on the tumour microenvironment but also described the role of microenvironment-derived EVs in HNSCC and discussed how the "mutual dialogue" between the tumour and microenvironment mediates the growth, metastasis, angiogenesis, immune escape, and drug resistance of tumours. Finally, the clinical application of EVS in HNSCC was assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Wang
- Department of Head and Neck Tumors, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, No. 150, Haping Road, Nangang District, 150000, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Junnan Guo
- The First Department of Colorectal Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, No. 150, Haping Road, Nangang District, 150000, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Pingyang Yu
- Department of Head and Neck Tumors, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, No. 150, Haping Road, Nangang District, 150000, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Lunhua Guo
- Department of Head and Neck Tumors, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, No. 150, Haping Road, Nangang District, 150000, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Xionghui Mao
- Department of Head and Neck Tumors, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, No. 150, Haping Road, Nangang District, 150000, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Junrong Wang
- Department of Head and Neck Tumors, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, No. 150, Haping Road, Nangang District, 150000, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China
| | - Susheng Miao
- Department of Head and Neck Tumors, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, No. 150, Haping Road, Nangang District, 150000, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China.
| | - Ji Sun
- Department of Head and Neck Tumors, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, No. 150, Haping Road, Nangang District, 150000, Harbin, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China.
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Leung LL, Riaz MK, Qu X, Chan J, Meehan K. Profiling of extracellular vesicles in oral cancer, from transcriptomics to proteomics. Semin Cancer Biol 2021; 74:3-23. [PMID: 33460766 DOI: 10.1016/j.semcancer.2021.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Oral cancers occurring in different subsites can have distinct etiologies' and are a significant problem worldwide. In general, the incidence of oral cancers has declined over the last decade due to improvements in modifiable risk factors (tobacco and alcohol consumption). However, recent data suggest that the incidence of squamous cell carcinomas in the oral tongue and oropharynx are increasing. Human papilloma virus (HPV) is an important risk factor for oropharyngeal cancer and is associated with better treatment responses when compared with HPV-unrelated oropharyngeal cancer. Regardless of the subsite, there are no clinically available biomarkers for the early detection of these cancers and many are detected at an advanced stage and are associated with poor 5-year survival rates. Tumor tissue and serial needle biopsies are used to diagnose and prognosticate oral cancers but have important limitations. Besides being invasive and physically painful, these types of biopsies offer a limited view of a complex tumor due to inter- and intra-tumoral heterogeneity and a dynamic tumor microenvironment. Liquid biopsies offer a promising and alternative way to measure disease in real-time. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are small particles that are secreted by all cells types and can be readily isolated from a wide range of biofluids. EVs are structurally stable and can horizontally transfer bioactive molecules to distant sites throughout the body in concentrated forms that exceed what can be delivered in a soluble format. As EVs represent their cell of origin, biofluid derived EVs are heterogeneous and are comprised of a complex repertoire of host- and cancer-derived particles. This review article has focused on studies that have used transcriptomics and proteomics to explore the function and clinical significance of EVs in oral cavity and oropharyngeal cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leanne L Leung
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Muhammad Kashif Riaz
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Xinyu Qu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Jason Chan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong
| | - Katie Meehan
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong.
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Zhao C, Zhang G, Liu J, Zhang C, Yao Y, Liao W. Exosomal cargoes in OSCC: current findings and potential functions. PeerJ 2020; 8:e10062. [PMID: 33194377 PMCID: PMC7646305 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.10062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most prevalent malignancy in head and neck cancer, with high recurrence and mortality. Early diagnosis and efficient therapeutic strategies are vital for the treatment of OSCC patients. Exosomes can be isolated from a broad range of different cell types, implicating them as important factors in the regulation of human physiological and pathological processes. Due to their abundant cargo including proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids, exosomes have played a valuable diagnostic and therapeutic role across multiple diseases, including cancer. In this review, we summarize recent findings concerning the content within and participation of exosomes relating to OSCC and their roles in tumorigenesis, proliferation, migration, invasion, metastasis, and chemoresistance. We conclude this review by looking ahead to their potential utility in providing new methods for treating OSCC to inspire further research in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengzhi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Geru Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jialing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chenghao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yang Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Oral Implantology, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wen Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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Louault K, Li RR, DeClerck YA. Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts: Understanding Their Heterogeneity. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12113108. [PMID: 33114328 PMCID: PMC7690906 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12113108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2020] [Revised: 10/12/2020] [Accepted: 10/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play an important contributory role in the microenvironment of tumors. They originate from different cells, have multiple pro-and anti-tumorigenic functions in tumors and their presence is variable among cancer types. Recently, there has been evidence that CAFs represent a highly heterogeneous group of cells that can now be characterized and identified at the single cell level. This review article summarizes our recent understanding of the highly heterogeneous nature of the origin, phenotype and function of CAFs and how such understanding will lead to a more precise approach to target or use CAFs and their precursor cells in the treatment of cancer. Abstract The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays a critical role in tumor progression. Among its multiple components are cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) that are the main suppliers of extracellular matrix molecules and important contributors to inflammation. As a source of growth factors, cytokines, chemokines and other regulatory molecules, they participate in cancer progression, metastasis, angiogenesis, immune cell reprogramming and therapeutic resistance. Nevertheless, their role is not fully understood, and is sometimes controversial due to their heterogeneity. CAFs are heterogeneous in their origin, phenotype, function and presence within tumors. As a result, strategies to target CAFs in cancer therapy have been hampered by the difficulties in better defining the various populations of CAFs and by the lack of clear recognition of their specific function in cancer progression. This review discusses how a greater understanding of the heterogeneous nature of CAFs could lead to better approaches aimed at their use or at their targeting in the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kévin Louault
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
- The Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
- Correspondence: or (K.L); (Y.A.D.); Tel.: +1-323-361-5649 (Y.A.D.); Fax: +1-323-361-4902 (Y.A.D.)
| | - Rong-Rong Li
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA;
| | - Yves A. DeClerck
- Division of Hematology, Oncology and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
- The Saban Research Institute, Children’s Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90027, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
- Correspondence: or (K.L); (Y.A.D.); Tel.: +1-323-361-5649 (Y.A.D.); Fax: +1-323-361-4902 (Y.A.D.)
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Custódio M, Biddle A, Tavassoli M. Portrait of a CAF: The story of cancer-associated fibroblasts in head and neck cancer. Oral Oncol 2020; 110:104972. [PMID: 33011636 DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2020.104972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Complex interactions take place during cancer formation and progression. In this regard, there has been increasing focus on the non-malignant cells that make up the tumour microenvironment (TME), and how they interact with malignant tumour cells. TME is highly heterogeneous and has a major influence on tumour behaviour and therapy response. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), one of the main components of the TME, establish dangerous liaisons with cancer cells and other components of the TME to shape a tumour-supportive environment in many types of cancer. Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) encompass the malignant neoplasms arising from the mucosal lining of the oral cavity, pharynx and larynx. The TME of HNSCC contributes to tumour progression and this stromal compartment may be an interesting target for treatment. There is an emerging picture of the behaviour of CAFs in HNSCC; how they affect and are affected by the TME. We aim to summarise and discuss the current understanding of CAFs in head and neck cancer, exploring CAF activation and heterogeneity, and interaction with cancer cells and other cells within the TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcos Custódio
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil.
| | - Adrian Biddle
- Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 2AT, UK.
| | - Mahvash Tavassoli
- Head and Neck Oncology Group, Centre for Host Microbiome Interaction, King's College London, Hodgkin Building, London SE1 1UL, UK.
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Shoucair I, Weber Mello F, Jabalee J, Maleki S, Garnis C. The Role of Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts and Extracellular Vesicles in Tumorigenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21186837. [PMID: 32957712 PMCID: PMC7555043 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21186837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) play a key role in the communication between cancer cells and stromal components of the tumor microenvironment (TME). In this context, cancer cell-derived EVs can regulate the activation of a CAF phenotype in TME cells, which can be mediated by several EV cargos (e.g., miRNA, proteins, mRNA and lncRNAs). On the other hand, CAF-derived EVs can mediate several processes during tumorigenesis, including tumor growth, invasion, metastasis, and therapy resistance. This review aimed to discuss the molecular aspects of EV-based cross-talk between CAFs and cancer cells during tumorigenesis, in addition to assessing the roles of EV cargo in therapy resistance and pre-metastatic niche formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Issraa Shoucair
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada; (I.S.); (F.W.M.); (J.J.); (S.M.)
| | - Fernanda Weber Mello
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada; (I.S.); (F.W.M.); (J.J.); (S.M.)
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis 88.040-370, Brazil
| | - James Jabalee
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada; (I.S.); (F.W.M.); (J.J.); (S.M.)
| | - Saeideh Maleki
- Department of Integrative Oncology, British Columbia Cancer Research Centre, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada; (I.S.); (F.W.M.); (J.J.); (S.M.)
| | - Cathie Garnis
- Department of Surgery, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada
- Correspondence:
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40
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Zhao L, Xu L, Hemmerich A, Ferguson NL, Guy CD, McCall SJ, Cardona DM, Westerhoff M, Pai RK, Xiao SY, Liu B, Green CL, Hart J, Zhang X. Reduced MFAP5 expression in stroma of gallbladder adenocarcinoma and its potential diagnostic utility. Virchows Arch 2020; 478:427-434. [PMID: 32895766 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-020-02925-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The diagnosis of invasive adenocarcinoma of the gallbladder can sometimes be challenging. The presence of true desmoplastic reaction facilitates the diagnosis of invasion. However, desmoplasia-like changes can be observed in benign gallbladder conditions, and recognition of desmoplasia may be challenging based on morphology. In this study, we tested the expression pattern of microfibril-associated protein 5 (MFAP5), a promising immunohistochemical marker for desmoplasia, in benign gallbladders with desmoplasia-like reaction and gallbladders with invasive adenocarcinoma. We also evaluated the diagnostic utility of MFAP5 in challenging cases with an interobserver agreement study. The results showed that all benign cases retained intact/positive MFAP5 staining pattern in periglandular connective tissue, whereas 79.3% (23 out of 29) of cases of adenocarcinomas demonstrated diffuse and complete loss of MFAP5 staining in the tumor stroma. Interobserver agreement was improved by 2.66 times when images of MFAP5 immunohistochemistry were provided. In conclusion, MFAP5 expression is downregulated in the desmoplastic stroma of gallbladder adenocarcinoma and may provide a useful diagnostic marker in difficult cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhao
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Liyan Xu
- Department of Pathology, St. Luke's University Health Network, Bethlehem, PA, USA
| | - Amanda Hemmerich
- Department of Pathology, Foundation Medicine, Inc., Morrisville, NC, USA
| | - N Lynn Ferguson
- Department of Pathology, Foundation Medicine, Inc., Morrisville, NC, USA
| | - Cynthia D Guy
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Shannon J McCall
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Diana M Cardona
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Maria Westerhoff
- Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Rish K Pai
- Department of Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ, USA
| | - Shu-Yuan Xiao
- Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Beiyu Liu
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Cynthia L Green
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - John Hart
- Department of Pathology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Xuefeng Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC, USA. .,Department of Anatomic Pathology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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Zhu S, Ye L, Bennett S, Xu H, He D, Xu J. Molecular structure and function of microfibrillar-associated proteins in skeletal and metabolic disorders and cancers. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:41-48. [PMID: 32572962 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Microfibrillar-associated proteins (MFAPs) are extracellular matrix glycoproteins, which play a role in microfibril assembly, elastinogenesis, and tissue homeostasis. MFAPs consist of five subfamily members, including MFAP1, MFAP2, MFAP3, MFAP4, and MFAP5. Among these, MFAP2 and MFAP5 are most closely related, and exhibit very limited amino acid sequence homology with MFAP1, MFAP3, and MFAP4. Gene expression profiling analysis reveals that MFAP2, MFAP5, and MFAP4 are specifically expressed in osteoblastic like cells, whereas MFAP1 and MFAP3 are more ubiquitously expressed, indicative of their diverse role in the tropism of tissues. Molecular structural analysis shows that each MFAP family member has distinct features, and functional evidence reveals discrete purposes of individual MFAPs. Animal studies indicate that MFAP2-deficient mice exhibit progressive osteopenia with elevated receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) expression, whereas MFAP5-deficient mice are neutropenic, and MFAP4-deficient mice displayed emphysema-like pathology and the impaired formation of neointimal hyperplasia. Emerging data also suggest that MFAPs are involved in cancer progression and fat metabolism. Further understanding of tissue-specific pathophysiology of MFAPs might offer potential novel therapeutic targets for related diseases, such as skeletal and metabolic disorders, and cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sipin Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Division of Regenerative Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Lin Ye
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Samuel Bennett
- Division of Regenerative Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Huazi Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dengwei He
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Lishui Municipal Central Hospital, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Lishui, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiake Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.,Division of Regenerative Biology, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
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Harsha C, Banik K, Ang HL, Girisa S, Vikkurthi R, Parama D, Rana V, Shabnam B, Khatoon E, Kumar AP, Kunnumakkara AB. Targeting AKT/mTOR in Oral Cancer: Mechanisms and Advances in Clinical Trials. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093285. [PMID: 32384682 PMCID: PMC7246494 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral cancer (OC) is a devastating disease that takes the lives of lots of people globally every year. The current spectrum of treatment modalities does not meet the needs of the patients. The disease heterogeneity demands personalized medicine or targeted therapies. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify potential targets for the treatment of OC. Abundant evidence has suggested that the components of the protein kinase B (AKT)/ mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway are intrinsic factors for carcinogenesis. The AKT protein is central to the proliferation and survival of normal and cancer cells, and its downstream protein, mTOR, also plays an indispensable role in the cellular processes. The wide involvement of the AKT/mTOR pathway has been noted in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). This axis significantly regulates the various hallmarks of cancer, like proliferation, survival, angiogenesis, invasion, metastasis, autophagy, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Activated AKT/mTOR signaling is also associated with circadian signaling, chemoresistance and radio-resistance in OC cells. Several miRNAs, circRNAs and lncRNAs also modulate this pathway. The association of this axis with the process of tumorigenesis has culminated in the identification of its specific inhibitors for the prevention and treatment of OC. In this review, we discussed the significance of AKT/mTOR signaling in OC and its potential as a therapeutic target for the management of OC. This article also provided an update on several AKT/mTOR inhibitors that emerged as promising candidates for therapeutic interventions against OC/head and neck cancer (HNC) in clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Choudhary Harsha
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India; (C.H.); (K.B.); (S.G.); (R.V.); (D.P.); (V.R.); (B.S.); (E.K.)
| | - Kishore Banik
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India; (C.H.); (K.B.); (S.G.); (R.V.); (D.P.); (V.R.); (B.S.); (E.K.)
| | - Hui Li Ang
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore;
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
| | - Sosmitha Girisa
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India; (C.H.); (K.B.); (S.G.); (R.V.); (D.P.); (V.R.); (B.S.); (E.K.)
| | - Rajesh Vikkurthi
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India; (C.H.); (K.B.); (S.G.); (R.V.); (D.P.); (V.R.); (B.S.); (E.K.)
| | - Dey Parama
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India; (C.H.); (K.B.); (S.G.); (R.V.); (D.P.); (V.R.); (B.S.); (E.K.)
| | - Varsha Rana
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India; (C.H.); (K.B.); (S.G.); (R.V.); (D.P.); (V.R.); (B.S.); (E.K.)
| | - Bano Shabnam
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India; (C.H.); (K.B.); (S.G.); (R.V.); (D.P.); (V.R.); (B.S.); (E.K.)
| | - Elina Khatoon
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India; (C.H.); (K.B.); (S.G.); (R.V.); (D.P.); (V.R.); (B.S.); (E.K.)
| | - Alan Prem Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117600, Singapore;
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Correspondence: (A.P.K.); (A.B.K.); Tel.: +65-6516-5456 (A.P.K.); +91-361-258-2231 (A.B.K.); Fax: +65-6873-9664 (A.P.K.); +91-361-258-2249 (A.B.K.)
| | - Ajaikumar B. Kunnumakkara
- Cancer Biology Laboratory and DBT-AIST International Center for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India; (C.H.); (K.B.); (S.G.); (R.V.); (D.P.); (V.R.); (B.S.); (E.K.)
- Correspondence: (A.P.K.); (A.B.K.); Tel.: +65-6516-5456 (A.P.K.); +91-361-258-2231 (A.B.K.); Fax: +65-6873-9664 (A.P.K.); +91-361-258-2249 (A.B.K.)
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Zhou Z, Cui D, Sun MH, Huang JL, Deng Z, Han BM, Sun XW, Xia SJ, Sun F, Shi F. CAFs-derived MFAP5 promotes bladder cancer malignant behavior through NOTCH2/HEY1 signaling. FASEB J 2020; 34:7970-7988. [PMID: 32293074 DOI: 10.1096/fj.201902659r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are an important component of the tumor microenvironment and contribute to tumor cell proliferation and metastasis. Microfibrillar-associated protein 5 (MFAP5), a component of elastic microfibers and an oncogenic protein in several types of tumors, is secreted by CAFs. However, the role of MFAP5 in the bladder cancer remains unclear. Here, we report that MFAP5 is upregulated in bladder cancer and is associated with poor patient survival. Downregulation of MFAP5 in CAFs led to an impairment in proliferation and invasion of bladder cancer cells. Luciferase reporter assays and electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) showed QKI directly downregulates MFAP5 in CAFs. In addition, CAFs-derived MFAP5 led to an activation of the NOTCH2/HEY1 signaling pathway through direct interaction with the NOTCH2 receptor, thereby stimulating the N2ICD release. RNA-sequencing revealed that MFAP5-mediated PI3K-AKT signaling activated the DLL4/NOTCH2 pathway axis in bladder cancer. Moreover, downregulation of NOTCH2 by short hairpin RNA or the inactivating anti-body NRR2Mab was able to reverse the adverse effects of MFAP5 stimulation in vitro and in vivo. Together, these results demonstrate CAFs-derived MFAP5 promotes the bladder cancer proliferation and metastasis and provides new insight for targeting CAFs as novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Zhou
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Di Cui
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Urology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng-Hao Sun
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing-Lang Huang
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Deng
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Bang-Min Han
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Urology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao-Wen Sun
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Urology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shu-Jie Xia
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Urology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Sun
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Urology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fei Shi
- Department of Urology, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Urology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
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Zheng J, Zhang YW, Li TK, Bao Y, Zhang SX. [Effect of miR-204-5p on the proliferation, migration, and invasion on tongue squamous cell carcinoma SCC25 cells by targeting bromodomain-containing protein 4]. HUA XI KOU QIANG YI XUE ZA ZHI = HUAXI KOUQIANG YIXUE ZAZHI = WEST CHINA JOURNAL OF STOMATOLOGY 2020; 38:185-192. [PMID: 32314893 PMCID: PMC7184279 DOI: 10.7518/hxkq.2020.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to explore the target relationship between miR-204-5p and bromodomain-containing protein (BRD) 4, as well as their effects on cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in tongue squamous cell carcinoma SCC25. METHODS Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was performed to detect miR-204-5p and BRD4 expression levels in tongue squamous cell carcinoma and different cell lines. TargetScan and dual luciferase reporter assay were used to confirm the target relationship between miR-204-5p and BRD4. The effects of miR-204-5p on SCC25 cell proliferation were examined by cell counting kit (CCK) 8 assay, whereas those on SCC25 cell migration and invasion were determined by Transwell assay. RT-qPCR and Western blot were used to detect the effects of miR-204-5p mimics and inhibitors on BRD4 expression. Transwell and CCK8 assays were used to detect the effects of miR-204-5p on proliferation, migration, and invasion through BRD4 regulation. RESULTS miR-204-5p was significantly downregulated in the tissues and cells of squamous cell carcinoma, and BRD4 showed the opposite result. The increase in miR-204-5p expression can inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion of SCC25 cells. TargetScan and luciferase test confirmed that miR-204-5p and BRD4 had a negative regulatory relationship with BRD4, respectively. Moreover, miR-204-5p mimics can inhibit BRD4 expression, and miR-204-5p inhibitors can promote BRD4 expression upregulation. When miR-204-5p and BRD4 were overexpressed in SCC25 cells, BRD4 can make up for the inhibitory effect of miR-204-5p on SCC25 cells. CONCLUSIONS miR-204-5p could inhibit proliferation, migration and invasion in tongue squamous cell carcinoma SCC25 cells by targeting BRD4 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zheng
- Dept. of Stomatology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Yu-Wen Zhang
- Dept. of Stomatology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Tian-Ke Li
- Dept. of Stomatology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Yang Bao
- Dept. of Stomatology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
| | - Su-Xin Zhang
- Dept. of Stomatology, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, China
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45
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A Novel Model of Cancer Drug Resistance: Oncosomal Release of Cytotoxic and Antibody-Based Drugs. BIOLOGY 2020; 9:biology9030047. [PMID: 32150875 PMCID: PMC7150871 DOI: 10.3390/biology9030047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs), such as exosomes or oncosomes, often carry oncogenic molecules derived from tumor cells. In addition, accumulating evidence indicates that tumor cells can eject anti-cancer drugs such as chemotherapeutics and targeted drugs within EVs, a novel mechanism of drug resistance. The EV-releasing drug resistance phenotype is often coupled with cellular dedifferentiation and transformation in cells undergoing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and the adoption of a cancer stem cell phenotype. The release of EVs is also involved in immunosuppression. Herein, we address different aspects by which EVs modulate the tumor microenvironment to become resistant to anticancer and antibody-based drugs, as well as the concept of the resistance-associated secretory phenotype (RASP).
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46
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Feifei W, Hui G, Ruiqiang Z, Qunxiang J, Yu'an X. MAGP2, a Component of Extracellular Matrix, Is Upregulated in Colorectal Cancer and Negatively Modulated by miR-200b-3p. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2020; 18:1533033819870777. [PMID: 31426719 PMCID: PMC6702771 DOI: 10.1177/1533033819870777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Colorectal cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death worldwide, but its mechanism has not been clarified clearly. Microfibrial-associated glycoprotein 2 is mainly located in extracellular matrix, and its role in colorectal cancer is obscure. Methods: Immunohistochemical staining and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction were used to compare the expression level of microfibrial-associated glycoprotein 2 in colorectal cancer tissues and adjacent tissues. Western blot was used to detect the expression of microfibrial-associated glycoprotein 2 in colorectal cancer cell lines and normal colonic epithelium cell line. Kaplan-Meier analysis and χ2 test were applied to evaluate the potential of microfibrial-associated glycoprotein 2 to function as cancer biomarker. Lentiviral transduction was used to induce microfibrial-associated glycoprotein 2 overexpression in HCT116 cells and NCM460 cells, followed by detecting cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction was used to investigate the changes in downstream genes after microfibrial-associated glycoprotein 2 overexpression. Luciferase assay was conducted to validate whether miR-200b-3p can directly target microfibrial-associated glycoprotein 2. Results: We validated that microfibrial-associated glycoprotein 2 was upregulated in colorectal cancer samples and cells. We also demonstrated its upregulation was associated with several clinicopathologic features such as Dukes stage (P = .048), differentiation status (P = .034), and local lymphatic metastasis (P = .036) of patients with colorectal cancer, and its high expression indicated shorter overall survival of the patients. Microfibrial-associated glycoprotein 2 overexpression remarkably promoted cell proliferation and metastasis via regulating the downstream genes of Notch, including hes family bHLH transcription factor 1 (HES1), Slug, Snail, matrix metalloproteinase 2, matrix metalloproteinase 9, and Kruppel-like factor 4. We also identified miR-200b-3p as a posttranscriptional regulator of microfibrial-associated glycoprotein 2, which partly explain the high expression mechanism of microfibrial-associated glycoprotein 2 in cancer tissues. Conclusion: Microfibrial-associated glycoprotein 2, negatively modulated by miR-200b-3p, is an oncogene of colorectal cancer associated with patients’ prognosis. It may function as a potential biomarker and therapeutic target for colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Feifei
- 1 Department of Experimental Research, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Guo Hui
- 1 Department of Experimental Research, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhao Ruiqiang
- 2 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Jiang Qunxiang
- 1 Department of Experimental Research, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
| | - Xie Yu'an
- 1 Department of Experimental Research, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China
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Nurmik M, Ullmann P, Rodriguez F, Haan S, Letellier E. In search of definitions: Cancer-associated fibroblasts and their markers. Int J Cancer 2020; 146:895-905. [PMID: 30734283 PMCID: PMC6972582 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.32193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 366] [Impact Index Per Article: 91.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment has been identified as one of the driving factors of tumor progression and invasion. Inside this microenvironment, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), a type of perpetually activated fibroblasts, have been implicated to have a strong tumor-modulating effect and play a key role in areas such as drug resistance. Identification of CAFs has typically been carried based on the expression of various "CAF markers", such as fibroblast activation protein alpha (FAP) and alpha smooth muscle actin (αSMA), which separates them from the larger pool of fibroblasts present in the body. However, as outlined in this Review, the expression of various commonly used fibroblast markers is extremely heterogeneous and varies strongly between different CAF subpopulations. As such, novel selection methods based on cellular function, as well as further characterizing research, are vital for the standardization of CAF identification in order to improve the cross-applicability of different research studies in the field. The aim of this review is to give a thorough overview of the commonly used fibroblast markers in the field and their various strengths and, more importantly, their weaknesses, as well as to highlight potential future avenues for CAF identification and targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Nurmik
- Molecular Disease Mechanisms Group, Life Sciences Research UnitUniversity of LuxembourgBelvauxLuxembourg
| | - Pit Ullmann
- Molecular Disease Mechanisms Group, Life Sciences Research UnitUniversity of LuxembourgBelvauxLuxembourg
| | - Fabien Rodriguez
- Molecular Disease Mechanisms Group, Life Sciences Research UnitUniversity of LuxembourgBelvauxLuxembourg
| | - Serge Haan
- Molecular Disease Mechanisms Group, Life Sciences Research UnitUniversity of LuxembourgBelvauxLuxembourg
| | - Elisabeth Letellier
- Molecular Disease Mechanisms Group, Life Sciences Research UnitUniversity of LuxembourgBelvauxLuxembourg
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Yap T, Pruthi N, Seers C, Belobrov S, McCullough M, Celentano A. Extracellular Vesicles in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma and Oral Potentially Malignant Disorders: A Systematic Review. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1197. [PMID: 32054041 PMCID: PMC7072764 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21041197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are secreted from most cell types and utilized in a complex network of near and distant cell-to-cell communication. Insight into this complex nanoscopic interaction in the development, progression and treatment of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and precancerous oral mucosal disorders, termed oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs), remains of interest. In this review, we comprehensively present the current state of knowledge of EVs in OSCC and OPMDs. A systematic literature search strategy was developed and updated to December 17, 2019. Fifty-five articles were identified addressing EVs in OSCC and OPMDs with all but two articles published from 2015, highlighting the novelty of this research area. Themes included the impact of OSCC-derived EVs on phenotypic changes, lymph-angiogenesis, stromal immune response, mechanisms of therapeutic resistance as well as utility of EVs for drug delivery in OSCC and OPMD. Interest and progress of knowledge of EVs in OSCC and OPMD has been expanding on several fronts. The oral cavity presents a unique and accessible microenvironment for nanoparticle study that could present important models for other solid tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tami Yap
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, 720 Swanston Street, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia; (N.P.); (C.S.); (S.B.); (M.M.); (A.C.)
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Xu Q, Chang H, Tian X, Lou C, Ma H, Yang X. Hypoxia-induced MFAP5 Promotes Tumor Migration and Invasion via AKT Pathway in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma. J Cancer 2020; 11:1596-1605. [PMID: 32047565 PMCID: PMC6995394 DOI: 10.7150/jca.38217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Microfibrillar-associated protein 5 (MFAP5) is highly expressed in many types of cancers. Our previous study has observed that overexpression of MFAP5 was correlated with lymph nodes metastasis and poor prognosis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), but the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. Materials and methods: The MFAP5 expression is detected under hypoxia condition. HNSCC cell lines are transfected with MFAP5-expressing lentivirus vector to establish stable overexpression model. Wound-healing, migration and invasion assay are used to determine the effect of MFAP5 on HNSCC and metastasis-related proteins are examined by Western blot. In vivo lung metastasis assays are conducted by the tail vein injection. In addition, immunohistochemistry is applied to analyze the correlation of MFAP5, hypoxia-induced factor-1 α (HIF-1α), and vimentin in 84 HNSCC patients' tissue samples. Results: Firstly, MFAP5 expression can be markedly induced under hypoxia condition in HNSCC cell lines. Cell lines with MFAP5 overexpression has a significant higher ability of migration and invasion. In addition, in vivo assay observes that overexpression of MFAP5 can promote tumor lung metastasis. Furthermore, MFAP5 facilitates this process by activating epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) program via AKT pathway in HNSCC cell lines. The pro-metastatic effect of MFAP5 can be reversed by MK2206, an AKT phosphorylation inhibitor. Lastly, the positive correlation among HIF-1α, MFAP5 and vimentin from tissue samples and TCGA dataset are also observed in HNSCC. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates MFAP5 plays a critical role in hypoxia-induced EMT program via AKT pathway in HNSCC, which would be a very promising therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoshi Xu
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No 639, Zhizaoju Rd, Shanghai 200011, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai 200011, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Hanyue Chang
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No 639, Zhizaoju Rd, Shanghai 200011, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai 200011, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China.,Key Laboratory of Oral Medicine, Guangzhou Institute of Oral Disease, Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510140, China
| | - Xuerui Tian
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No 639, Zhizaoju Rd, Shanghai 200011, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai 200011, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Chao Lou
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No 639, Zhizaoju Rd, Shanghai 200011, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai 200011, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Hailong Ma
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No 639, Zhizaoju Rd, Shanghai 200011, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai 200011, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
| | - Xi Yang
- Department of Oral Maxillofacial-Head and Neck Oncology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No 639, Zhizaoju Rd, Shanghai 200011, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai 200011, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology & Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai 200011, China
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50
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Swietlik JJ, Sinha A, Meissner F. Dissecting intercellular signaling with mass spectrometry-based proteomics. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2020; 63:20-30. [PMID: 31927463 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2019.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2019] [Revised: 11/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Physiological functions depend on a coordinated interplay of numerous different cell types. Proteins serve as major signaling molecules between cells; however, their comprehensive investigation in physiologically relevant settings has remained challenging. Mass spectrometry (MS)-based shotgun proteomics is emerging as a powerful technology for the systematic analysis of protein-mediated intercellular signaling and regulated post-translational modifications. Here, we discuss recent advancements in cell biological, chemical, and biochemical MS-based approaches for the profiling of cellular messengers released by sending cells, receptors expressed on the cell surface, and their interactions. We highlight methods tailored toward the mapping of dynamic signal transduction mechanisms at cellular interfaces and approaches to dissect communication cell specifically in heterocellular systems. Thereby, MS-based proteomics contributes a unique systems biology perspective for the identification of intercellular signaling pathways deregulated in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan J Swietlik
- Experimental Systems Immunology Laboratory, Max-Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany
| | - Ankit Sinha
- Experimental Systems Immunology Laboratory, Max-Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany; Institute of Translational Cancer Research and Experimental Cancer Therapy, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, TU München, Munich, Germany
| | - Felix Meissner
- Experimental Systems Immunology Laboratory, Max-Planck Institute of Biochemistry, Martinsried, Germany.
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