1
|
Bao Y, Oluwafemi A. Recent advances in surface modified gold nanorods and their improved sensing performance. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:469-481. [PMID: 38105689 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc04056a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanorods (AuNRs) have received tremendous attention recently in the fields of sensing and detection applications due to their unique characteristic of surface plasmon resonance. Surface modification of the AuNRs is a necessary path to effectively utilize their properties for these applications. In this Article, we have focused both on demonstrating the recent advances in methods for surface functionalization of AuNRs as well as their use for improved sensing performance using various techniques. The main surface modification methods discussed include ligand exchange with the assistance of a thiol-group, the layer by layer assembly method, and depositing inorganic materials with the desired surface and morphology. Covered techniques that can then be applied for using these functionalized AuNRs include colourimetric sensing, refractive index sensing and surface enhance Raman scattering sensing. Finally, the outlook on the future development of surface modified AuNRs for improved sensing performance is considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Bao
- Department of Chemistry, Western Washington University, Bellingham, Washington, 98225, USA.
| | - Ayomide Oluwafemi
- Department of Chemistry, Western Washington University, Bellingham, Washington, 98225, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lebepe TC, Maluleke R, Mgedle N, Oluwafemi OS. Porphyrin as a Cryoprotectant for Graphene Oxide-Coated Gold Nanorods to Produce Conjugated Product with Improved Stability and Opto-Phototherapeutic Properties. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2538. [PMID: 38004518 PMCID: PMC10674824 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15112538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Graphene oxide (GO) as a coating material for gold nanorods (AuNRs) has gained interest in reducing toxicity and improving the photothermal profiling of AuNRs. However, there is still a challenge regarding the storage of colloidal suspensions of GO-coated AuNRs (GO@AuNRs). Hence, the conjugation of GO@AuNRs to meso-tetra-(4-sulfonatophenyl)porphyrin (TPPS4), an anionic water-soluble porphyrin, has been reported to enhance their re-dispensability and improve their phototherapeutic properties. The AuNRs and GO were synthesised using seed-mediated and Hummers' methods, respectively. The GO@AuNRs were conjugated to TPPS4 and characterised using ultraviolet-visible-near-infrared (UV-Vis-NIR) spectroscopy, zeta analyser, dynamic light scattering (DLS), photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL), x-ray diffraction (XRD), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) before freeze-drying. The results showed that the AuNRs were sandwiched between GO and TPPS4. After freeze-drying, the freeze-dried conjugate was dispensed in deionised water without adding cryoprotectants and its properties were compared to those of the unfreeze-dried conjugate. The results showed that the freeze-dried conjugate contained similar optical properties to the unfreeze-dried conjugate. However, the bare GO@AuNRs showed a change in the optical properties after freeze-drying. These results revealed that porphyrin is an excellent additive to reduce the freeze-drying stress tolerance of GO@AuNRs. The freeze-dried conjugate also showed both singlet oxygen and photothermal properties of GO@AuNRs and porphyrin. These results indicated that the freeze-dried conjugate is a promising dual photodynamic and photothermal agent, and porphyrin can act as a cryoprotectant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thabang Calvin Lebepe
- Centre for Nanomaterials Science Research, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa; (T.C.L.); (R.M.); (N.M.)
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa
| | - Rodney Maluleke
- Centre for Nanomaterials Science Research, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa; (T.C.L.); (R.M.); (N.M.)
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa
| | - Nande Mgedle
- Centre for Nanomaterials Science Research, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa; (T.C.L.); (R.M.); (N.M.)
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa
| | - Oluwatobi Samuel Oluwafemi
- Centre for Nanomaterials Science Research, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa; (T.C.L.); (R.M.); (N.M.)
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wei A, OuYang J, Guo Y, Jiang S, Chen F, Huang J, Xiao Q, Wu Z. Controlled synthesis of monodisperse gold nanorods with a small diameter of around 10 nm and largest plasmon wavelength of 1200 nm. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:20843-20853. [PMID: 37503681 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp02203j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanorods have been widely used in various fields due to their tunable anisotropic localized surface plasmon resonance (SPR) property. The facile preparation of gold nanorods with a tunable SPR wavelength extending to a near-infrared window, and at the same time, a relatively small particle size for facilitating applications especially in the biomedical field is of great value yet highly challenging. In this work, a new reducing agent, 1,6-dihydroxynaphthalene, is proposed for the synthesis of gold nanorods. The results indicate that gold nanorods with good monodispersity, high shape yield, maximum SPR wavelength of 1200 nm, and especially small diameter of around 10 nm can be acquired simultaneously. In terms of spectral and size controls, by respectively varying the experimental parameters including the amount of silver ions, reducing agents, and gold seeds not only can a good linear correlation be acquired corresponding to a SPR wavelength ranging from around 600 nm to 1200 nm, but a regular change in the particle diameter from 10.5 nm to 7.5 nm could also be observed. The structural and morphological evolutions of the particle for each changed parameter were carefully studied, and insights were gained into the growth mechanism based on the detailed analysis of particle evolution at a specific stage of the growth process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anhua Wei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry and Materials, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, China.
| | - Jingfang OuYang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry and Materials, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, China.
| | - Yuyang Guo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry and Materials, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, China.
| | - Suju Jiang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry and Materials, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, China.
| | - Feifei Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry and Materials, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, China.
| | - Jun Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry and Materials, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, China.
| | - Qi Xiao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry and Materials, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, China.
| | - Zihua Wu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry and Materials, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, China.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Qin Y, Fang D, Wu Y, Wu Y, Yao W. Controllable Preparation of Gold Nanocrystals with Different Porous Structures for SERS Sensing. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28052316. [PMID: 36903564 PMCID: PMC10004769 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28052316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Porous Au nanocrystals (Au NCs) have been widely used in catalysis, sensing, and biomedicine due to their excellent localized surface plasma resonance effect and a large number of active sites exposed by three-dimensional internal channels. Here, we developed a ligand-induced one-step method for the controllable preparation of mesoporous, microporous, and hierarchical porous Au NCs with internal 3D connecting channels. At 25 °C, using glutathione (GTH) as both a ligand and reducing agent combined with the Au precursor to form GTH-Au(I), and under the action of the reducing agent ascorbic acid, the Au precursor is reduced in situ to form a dandelion-like microporous structure assembled by Au rods. When cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (C16TAB) and GTH are used as ligands, mesoporous Au NCs formed. When increasing the reaction temperature to 80 °C, hierarchical porous Au NCs with both microporous and mesoporous structures will be synthesized. We systematically explored the effect of reaction parameters on porous Au NCs and proposed possible reaction mechanisms. Furthermore, we compared the SERS-enhancing effect of Au NCs with three different pore structures. With hierarchical porous Au NCs as the SERS base, the detection limit for rhodamine 6G (R6G) reached 10-10 M.
Collapse
|
5
|
Guo Y, Liu Q, Wei A, Jiang S, Chen F, Huang J, He Y, Huang G, Wu Z. Spectrum and size controllable synthesis of high-quality gold nanorods using 1,7-dihydroxynaphthalene as a reducing agent. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:1052-1061. [PMID: 36602082 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt03646k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The spectrum and size controllable synthesis of gold nanorods is of great value for their widely applicable aspect ratio dependence of anisotropic surface plasmon resonance. Herein, 1,7-dihydroxynaphthalene with a relatively strong reducibility is proposed as a reducing agent for the controllable synthesis of gold nanorods. The result indicated that gold nanorods with high monodispersity, high shape yield, relatively small diameters, and maximum plasmon resonance wavelength of above 1000 nm can be acquired. More importantly, by virtue of the reducing agent used, fine and precise controls over the plasmon wavelength and diameter of the rod can be achieved via changes in experimental conditions. In particular, increases in the concentration of both silver ions and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) can increase the plasmon wavelength from around 600 nm to 1000 nm but respectively show a decreased diameter with the smallest value of around 14.3 nm and a mildly increased diameter from around 9.0 nm to 14.3 nm; moreover, increasing the concentration of reducing agents and gold seeds can simultaneously cause decreases in the plasmon wavelength from around 1000 nm to 800 nm and the diameters from around 14.3 nm to 9.0 and 7.3 nm, respectively. This powerful and efficient method of controllable synthesis of AuNRs could be valuable and attractive for the application of the as-obtained particles.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuyang Guo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry and Materials, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, China.
| | - Qiuyue Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry and Materials, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, China.
| | - Anhua Wei
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry and Materials, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, China.
| | - Suju Jiang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry and Materials, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, China.
| | - Feifei Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry and Materials, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, China.
| | - Jun Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry and Materials, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, China.
| | - Yimiao He
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry and Materials, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, China.
| | - Guobao Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources Chemistry and Biotechnology, College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, Yulin 537000, China
| | - Zihua Wu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Natural Polymer Chemistry and Physics, College of Chemistry and Materials, Nanning Normal University, Nanning 530001, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Raghuram S, Mackeyev Y, Symons J, Zahra Y, Gonzalez V, Mahadevan KK, Requejo KI, Liopo A, Derry P, Zubarev E, Sahin O, Byung-Kyu Kim J, Singh PK, Cho SH, Krishnan S. Uncloaking cell-impermeant gold nanorods via tumor microenvironmental cathepsin B facilitates cancer cell penetration and potent radiosensitization. Biomaterials 2022; 291:121887. [PMID: 36368139 PMCID: PMC10032210 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2022.121887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Major impediments to conveyance of intravenously administered drugs to tumors are biofouling, opsonization, and rapid clearance from the circulation by macrophages and reticuloendothelial phagocytes. Cloaking nanoparticles with stealth epilayers partly overcomes these hurdles but it also foils interactions with tumor cells. Here, we describe the synthesis, characterization, and validation of smart gold nanorods (GNRs) that spontaneously transform from inert passengers in the blood stream to active cell-penetrating nanoparticles within tumors to potently sensitize tumors to radiation therapy. Intrinsically cationic and cell-penetrating GNRs were shielded from phagocytosis with a cloaking polyethylene glycol epilayer containing an intervening cleavable peptide. In the absence of an external trigger, this epilayer is clipped off by the tumor microenvironmental protease, cathepsin B, in colorectal cancers to uncloak and expose the free-circulating native unPEGylated GNR that is readily internalized by cancer cells and turn into immovable small clusters of GNRs. Selective uncloaking of GNRs in the tumor reduced off-target toxicity confirmed by hematologic, biochemical, and histopathological analysis of blood, serum, and normal organs, respectively. Subsequent irradiation led to significant tumor growth delay and improved survival of mice. By addressing multiple barriers to efficient transport and cellular internalization of nanoparticles, our results demonstrate that clinically meaningful radiosensitization can be achieved with rationally designed GNRs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Subhiksha Raghuram
- Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yuri Mackeyev
- Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Jessica Symons
- Department of Integrative Biology and Pharmacology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center-UT Health Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Yasmin Zahra
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Valeria Gonzalez
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Krishnan K Mahadevan
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | | | - Anton Liopo
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA; Institute of Bioscience and Technology, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Paul Derry
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Eugene Zubarev
- Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Onur Sahin
- Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA; Department of Materials Science & NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Joseph Byung-Kyu Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA; Department of Therapeutics and Pharmacology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center-UT Health Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Pankaj K Singh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Sang Hyun Cho
- Department of Radiation Physics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Sunil Krishnan
- Vivian L. Smith Department of Neurosurgery, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Hasannia M, Abnous K, Taghdisi SM, Nekooei S, Ramezani M, Alibolandi M. Synthesis of doxorubicin-loaded peptosomes hybridized with gold nanorod for targeted drug delivery and CT imaging of metastatic breast cancer. J Nanobiotechnology 2022; 20:391. [PMID: 36045404 PMCID: PMC9429417 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-022-01607-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer nanomedicines based on synthetic polypeptides have attracted much attention due to their superior biocompatibility and biodegradability, stimuli responsive capability through secondary conformation change, adjustable functionalities for various cargos such as peptides, proteins, nucleic acids and small therapeutic molecules. Recently, a few nanoformulations based on polypeptides comprising NK105, NC6004, NK911, CT2103, have entered phase I-III clinical trials for advanced solid tumors therapy. In the current study, we prepared polypeptide-based vesicles called peptosome via self-assembly of amphiphilic polypeptide-based PEG-PBLG diblock copolymer. RESULTS In this regard, poly(γ-benzyl L-glutamate (PBLG) was synthesized via ring opening polymerization (ROP) of γ-benzyl L-glutamate-N-carboxyanhydride (BLG-NCA) using N-hexylamine as initiator. Then amine-terminated PBLG was covalently conjugated to heterofuctional maleimide PEG-carboxylic acid or methyl-PEG-carboxylic acid. The PEG-PBLG peptosomes were prepared through double emulsion method for the co-delivery of doxorubicin.HCl and gold nanorods as hydrophilic and hydrophobic agents in interior compartment and membrane of peptosomes, respectively (Pep@MUA.GNR-DOX) that DOX encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity were determined 42 ± 3.6 and 1.68 ± 3.6. Then, theranostic peptosomes were decorated with thiol-functionalized EpCAM aptamer throught thiol-maleimide reaction producing Apt-Pep@MUA.GNR-DOX for targeted delivery. The non-targeted and targeted peptosomes showed 165.5 ± 1.1 and 185 ± 4.7 nm diameters, respectively while providing sustained, controlled release of DOX. Furthermore, non-targeted and targeted peptosomes showed considerable serum stability. In vitro study on MCF-7 and 4T1 cells showed significantly higher cytotoxicity for Apt-Pep@MUA.GNR-DOX in comparison with Pep@MUA.GNR-DOX while both system did not show any difference in cytotoxicity against CHO cell line. Furthermore, Apt-Pep@MUA.GNR-DOX illustrated higher cellular uptake toward EpCAM-overexpressing 4T1 cells compared to Pep@MUA.GNR-DOX. In preclinical stage, therapeutic and diagnostic capability of the prepared Pep@MUA.GNR-DOX and Apt-Pep@MUA.GNR-DOX were investigated implementing subcutaneous 4T1 tumor model in BALB/c mice. The obtained data indicated highest therapeutic index for Apt-Pep@MUA.GNR-DOX compared to Pep@MUA.GNR-DOX and free DOX. Moreover, the prepared system showed capability of CT imaging of tumor tissue in 4T1 tumorized mice through tumor accumulation even 24 h post-administration. CONCLUSION In this regard, the synthesized theranostic peptosomes offer innovative hybrid multipurpose platform for fighting against breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maliheh Hasannia
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Student Research Committee, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Khalil Abnous
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Taghdisi
- Targeted Drug Delivery Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Sirous Nekooei
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ramezani
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Nanotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Mona Alibolandi
- Pharmaceutical Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. .,Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Anik MI, Mahmud N, Al Masud A, Hasan M. Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) in biomedical and clinical applications: A review. NANO SELECT 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/nano.202100255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Muzahidul I. Anik
- Department of Chemical Engineering University of Rhode Island South Kingstown Rhode Island USA
| | - Niaz Mahmud
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Military Institute of Science and Technology Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Abdullah Al Masud
- Department of Chemical Engineering Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology Dhaka Bangladesh
| | - Maruf Hasan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Military Institute of Science and Technology Dhaka Bangladesh
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Constantin E, Varasteanu P, Mihalache I, Craciun G, Mitran RA, Popescu M, Boldeiu A, Simion M. SPR detection of protein enhanced by seedless synthesized gold nanorods. Biophys Chem 2021; 279:106691. [PMID: 34600311 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2021.106691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is a label-free, real-time bio-sensing technique with high potential in the diagnostic area, especially when a signal amplification strategy is used to improve the detection limit. We report here a simple method for enhancing the detection limit of bovine serum albumin (BSA), by attaching gold nanorods (AuNRs). AuNRs were obtained by a seedless synthesis technique and characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV-VIS spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Finite element method (FEM) simulations were employed to explore the enhancement of the SPR signal by adding AuNRs on the SPR sensor's metallic layer. SPR spectroscopy was used to analyze the changes in the refractive index brought by the immobilization of unconjugated BSA and BSA modified with AuNRs. The results confirmed that the AuNRs conjugated with the protein increase the SPR signal ~ 10 times, leading to a limit of detection of 1.081 × 10-8 M (0.713 μg/mL).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Constantin
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies - IMT Bucharest, 126A Erou Iancu Nicolae Street, 077190 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Pericle Varasteanu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies - IMT Bucharest, 126A Erou Iancu Nicolae Street, 077190 Bucharest, Romania; Faculty of Physics, University of Bucharest, 405 Atomistilor Street, 077125 Magurele, Romania
| | - Iuliana Mihalache
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies - IMT Bucharest, 126A Erou Iancu Nicolae Street, 077190 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gabriel Craciun
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies - IMT Bucharest, 126A Erou Iancu Nicolae Street, 077190 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Raul-Augustin Mitran
- "Ilie Murgulescu" Institute of Physical Chemistry, Romanian Academy, 202 Splaiul Indepedenței, Bucharest 060021, Romania
| | - Melania Popescu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies - IMT Bucharest, 126A Erou Iancu Nicolae Street, 077190 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Adina Boldeiu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies - IMT Bucharest, 126A Erou Iancu Nicolae Street, 077190 Bucharest, Romania.
| | - Monica Simion
- National Institute for Research and Development in Microtechnologies - IMT Bucharest, 126A Erou Iancu Nicolae Street, 077190 Bucharest, Romania.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Creyer MN, Jin Z, Moore C, Yim W, Zhou J, Jokerst JV. Modulation of Gold Nanorod Growth via the Proteolysis of Dithiol Peptides for Enzymatic Biomarker Detection. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:45236-45243. [PMID: 34520186 PMCID: PMC8549377 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c11620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Gold nanorods possess optical properties that are tunable and highly sensitive to variations in their aspect ratio (length/width). Therefore, the development of a sensing platform where the gold nanorod morphology (i.e., aspect ratio) is modulated in response to an analyte holds promise in achieving ultralow detection limits. Here, we use a dithiol peptide as an enzyme substrate during nanorod growth. The sensing mechanism is enabled by the substrate design, where the dithiol peptide contains an enzyme cleavage site in-between cysteine amino acids. When cleaved, the peptide dramatically impacts gold nanorod growth and the resulting optical properties. We demonstrate that the optical response can be correlated with enzyme concentration and achieve a 45 pM limit of detection. Furthermore, we extend this sensing platform to colorimetrically detect tumor-associated inhibitors in a biologically relevant medium. Overall, these results present a subnanomolar method to detect proteases that are critical biomarkers found in cancers, infectious diseases, and inflammatory disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew N Creyer
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, California 92093, United States
| | - Zhicheng Jin
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, California 92093, United States
| | - Colman Moore
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, California 92093, United States
| | - Wonjun Yim
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, California 92093, United States
| | - Jiajing Zhou
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, California 92093, United States
| | - Jesse V Jokerst
- Department of Nanoengineering, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, California 92093, United States
- Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, California 92093, United States
- Department of Radiology, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, California 92093, United States
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Raj A, Liu N, Liu G, Sohn S, Xiang J, Liu Z, Schroers J. Nanomolding of Gold and Gold-Silicon Heterostructures at Room Temperature. ACS NANO 2021; 15:14275-14284. [PMID: 34473492 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c02636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nanofabrication techniques are limited by at least one of the required characteristics such as choice of material, control over geometry, fabrication requirements, yield, cost, and scalability. Our previously developed method of thermomechanical nanomolding fulfills these requirements, although it requires high processing temperatures. Here, we demonstrate low-temperature molding where we utilize the enhanced diffusivity on "eutectic interfaces". Gold nanorods are molded at room temperature using Au-Si alloy as feedstock. Instead of using alloy feedstock, these "eutectic interfaces" can also be established through a feedstock-mold combination. We demonstrate this by using pure Au as feedstock, which is molded into Si molds at room temperature, and also the reverse, Si feedstock is molded into Au molds forming high aspect ratio Au-Si core-shell nanorods. We discuss the mechanism of this low-temperature nanomolding in terms of lower homologous temperature at the eutectic interface. This technique, based on enhanced eutectic interface diffusion, provides a practical nanofabrication method that eliminates the previous high-temperature requirements, thereby expanding the range of the materials that can be practically nanofabricated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arindam Raj
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Naijia Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Guannan Liu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Sungwoo Sohn
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Junxiang Xiang
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, 430072, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Ze Liu
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, 430072, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Jan Schroers
- Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Rizwan Younis M, He G, Gurram B, Lin J, Huang P. Recent Advances in Gold Nanorods‐Based Cancer Theranostics. ADVANCED NANOBIOMED RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/anbr.202100029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Rizwan Younis
- Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering International Cancer Center Laboratory of Evolutionary Theranostics (LET) School of Biomedical Engineering Shenzhen University Health Science Center Shenzhen 518060 China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province College of Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Gang He
- Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering International Cancer Center Laboratory of Evolutionary Theranostics (LET) School of Biomedical Engineering Shenzhen University Health Science Center Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Bhaskar Gurram
- Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering International Cancer Center Laboratory of Evolutionary Theranostics (LET) School of Biomedical Engineering Shenzhen University Health Science Center Shenzhen 518060 China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province College of Optoelectronic Engineering Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Jing Lin
- Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering International Cancer Center Laboratory of Evolutionary Theranostics (LET) School of Biomedical Engineering Shenzhen University Health Science Center Shenzhen 518060 China
| | - Peng Huang
- Marshall Laboratory of Biomedical Engineering International Cancer Center Laboratory of Evolutionary Theranostics (LET) School of Biomedical Engineering Shenzhen University Health Science Center Shenzhen 518060 China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Qin Y, Wu Y, Wang B, Wang J, Zong X, Yao W. Controllable preparation of sea urchin-like Au NPs as a SERS substrate for highly sensitive detection of the toxic atropine. RSC Adv 2021; 11:19813-19818. [PMID: 35479250 PMCID: PMC9033648 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra03223b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Branched Au nanoparticles (Au NPs) can significantly enhance the Raman signal of trace chemical substances, and have attracted the interest of researchers. However, there are still challenges to accurately prepare the morphology of branched Au NPs. In this work, we have successfully prepared sea urchin-like Au NPs and Au nanowires by using the seed-mediate growth method, with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and glutathione as ligands, and ascorbic acid as a reducing agent. Using Au NPs with a tetrahexahedron (THH) morphology as seeds, and by simply changing the concentration of glutathione, we explored the growth process of sea urchin-like Au and Au nanowires. At low concentrations of glutathione, Au NPs will preferentially grow along the edges and corners of the THH Au seed, forming a core/satellite structure. As the concentration of glutathione increases, Au NPs will grow along the direction of glutathione, forming sea urchin-like Au NPs. To further increase the concentration of glutathione, we will prepare Au nanowires. In addition, we use the prepared Au NPs as a substrate material for surface-enhanced Raman (SERS) high-sensitivity detection. By using 4-aminothiophenol (4-ATP) as the test molecule, we evaluated the SERS effect of the prepared Au NPs with different morphologies. The results showed that sea urchin-like Au NPs have the best enhancement effect. The lowest concentrations of Rhodamine 6G and 4-ATP were 10-10 M and 10-12 M, respectively, using sea urchin Au NPs as the base material. Furthermore, we conducted a highly sensitive SERS detection of the poison atropine monohydrate, and the lowest detected concentration was 10-10 M.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yazhou Qin
- Key Laboratory of Drug Prevention and Control Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Police College 555 Binwen Road, Binjiang District Hangzhou 310053 Zhejiang Province P. R. China
| | - Yuanzhao Wu
- Key Laboratory of Drug Prevention and Control Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Police College 555 Binwen Road, Binjiang District Hangzhou 310053 Zhejiang Province P. R. China
| | - Binjie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Prevention and Control Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Police College 555 Binwen Road, Binjiang District Hangzhou 310053 Zhejiang Province P. R. China
| | - Jiye Wang
- Key Laboratory of Drug Prevention and Control Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Police College 555 Binwen Road, Binjiang District Hangzhou 310053 Zhejiang Province P. R. China
| | - Xingsen Zong
- Key Laboratory of Drug Prevention and Control Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Police College 555 Binwen Road, Binjiang District Hangzhou 310053 Zhejiang Province P. R. China
| | - Weixuan Yao
- Key Laboratory of Drug Prevention and Control Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Police College 555 Binwen Road, Binjiang District Hangzhou 310053 Zhejiang Province P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Báez-Cruz R, Baptista LA, Ntim S, Manidurai P, Espinoza S, Ramanan C, Cortes-Huerto R, Sulpizi M. Role of pH in the synthesis and growth of gold nanoparticles using L-asparagine: a combined experimental and simulation study. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 33:254005. [PMID: 33845472 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/abf6e3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The use of biomolecules as capping and reducing agents in the synthesis of metallic nanoparticles constitutes a promising framework to achieve desired functional properties with minimal toxicity. The system's complexity and the large number of variables involved represent a challenge for theoretical and experimental investigations aiming at devising precise synthesis protocols. In this work, we use L-asparagine (Asn), an amino acid building block of large biomolecular systems, to synthesise gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) in aqueous solution at controlled pH. The use of Asn offers a primary system that allows us to understand the role of biomolecules in synthesising metallic nanoparticles. Our results indicate that AuNPs synthesised in acidic (pH 6) and basic (pH 9) environments exhibit somewhat different morphologies. We investigate these AuNPs via Raman scattering experiments and classical molecular dynamics simulations of zwitterionic and anionic Asn states adsorbing on (111)-, (100)-, (110)-, and (311)-oriented gold surfaces. A combined analysis suggests that the underlying mechanism controlling AuNPs geometry correlates with amine's preferential adsorption over ammonium groups, enhanced upon increasing pH. Our simulations reveal that Asn (both zwitterionic and anionic) adsorption on gold (111) is essentially different from adsorption on more open surfaces. Water molecules strongly interact with the gold face-centred-cubic lattice and create traps, on the more open surfaces, that prevent the Asn from diffusing. These results indicate that pH is a relevant parameter in green-synthesis protocols with the capability to control the nanoparticle's geometry, and pave the way to computational studies exploring the effect of water monolayers on the adsorption of small molecules on wet gold surfaces.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Báez-Cruz
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Physical and Mathematical Science, University of Concepcion, PO Box 160-C, Concepcion, Chile
| | - Luis A Baptista
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Samuel Ntim
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg Universität, Staudingerweg 7, 55128-Mainz, Germany
| | - Paulraj Manidurai
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Physical and Mathematical Science, University of Concepcion, PO Box 160-C, Concepcion, Chile
| | - Shirly Espinoza
- ELI Beamlines, Institute of Physics, Czech Academy of Science, Za Radnici 835, 25241 Dolni Brezany, Czech Republic
| | - Charusheela Ramanan
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | | | - Marialore Sulpizi
- Institut für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg Universität, Staudingerweg 7, 55128-Mainz, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Liao S, Yue W, Cai S, Tang Q, Lu W, Huang L, Qi T, Liao J. Improvement of Gold Nanorods in Photothermal Therapy: Recent Progress and Perspective. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:664123. [PMID: 33967809 PMCID: PMC8100678 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.664123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a life-threatening disease, and there is a significant need for novel technologies to treat cancer with an effective outcome and low toxicity. Photothermal therapy (PTT) is a noninvasive therapeutic tool that transports nanomaterials into tumors, absorbing light energy and converting it into heat, thus killing tumor cells. Gold nanorods (GNRs) have attracted widespread attention in recent years due to their unique optical and electronic properties and potential applications in biological imaging, molecular detection, and drug delivery, especially in the PTT of cancer and other diseases. This review summarizes the recent progress in the synthesis methods and surface functionalization of GNRs for PTT. The current major synthetic methods of GNRs and recently improved measures to reduce toxicity, increase yield, and control particle size and shape are first introduced, followed by various surface functionalization approaches to construct a controlled drug release system, increase cell uptake, and improve pharmacokinetics and tumor-targeting effect, thus enhancing the photothermal effect of killing the tumor. Finally, a brief outlook for the future development of GNRs modification and functionalization in PTT is proposed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wang Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuning Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Quan Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weitong Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lingxiao Huang
- Department of Radiation Biology, Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Tingting Qi
- Department of Radiation Biology, Radiation Oncology Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Sichuan Cancer Hospital and Institute, Sichuan Cancer Center, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Biotherapy, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinfeng Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wang X, Li J, Ha HD, Dahl JC, Ondry JC, Moreno-Hernandez I, Head-Gordon T, Alivisatos AP. AutoDetect-mNP: An Unsupervised Machine Learning Algorithm for Automated Analysis of Transmission Electron Microscope Images of Metal Nanoparticles. JACS AU 2021; 1:316-327. [PMID: 33778811 PMCID: PMC7988451 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.0c00030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis quality of artificial inorganic nanocrystals is most often assessed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) for which high-throughput advances have dramatically increased both the quantity and information richness of metal nanoparticle (mNP) characterization. Existing automated data analysis algorithms of TEM mNP images generally adopt a supervised approach, requiring a significant effort in human preparation of labeled data that reduces objectivity, efficiency, and generalizability. We have developed an unsupervised algorithm AutoDetect-mNP for automated analysis of TEM images that objectively extracts morphological information on convex mNPs from TEM images based on their shape attributes, requiring little to no human input in the process. The performance of AutoDetect-mNP is tested on two data sets of bright field TEM images of Au nanoparticles with different shapes and further extended to palladium nanocubes and cadmium selenide quantum dots, demonstrating that the algorithm is quantitatively reliable and can thus serve as a generalizable measure of the morphology distributions of any mNP synthesis. The AutoDetect-mNP algorithm will aid in future developments of high-throughput characterization of mNPs and the future advent of time-resolved TEM studies that can investigate reaction mechanisms of mNP synthesis and reactivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xingzhi Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jie Li
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Kenneth
S. Pitzer Theory Center, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Hyun Dong Ha
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jakob C. Dahl
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Justin C. Ondry
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Kavli
Energy NanoScience Institute, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Ivan Moreno-Hernandez
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Teresa Head-Gordon
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Kenneth
S. Pitzer Theory Center, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Chemical
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Departments
of Bioengineering and Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - A. Paul Alivisatos
- Department
of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Kavli
Energy NanoScience Institute, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Cavigli L, Khlebtsov BN, Centi S, Khlebtsov NG, Pini R, Ratto F. Photostability of Contrast Agents for Photoacoustics: The Case of Gold Nanorods. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:E116. [PMID: 33419130 PMCID: PMC7825532 DOI: 10.3390/nano11010116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Plasmonic particles as gold nanorods have emerged as powerful contrast agents for critical applications as the photoacoustic imaging and photothermal ablation of cancer. However, their unique efficiency of photothermal conversion may turn into a practical disadvantage, and expose them to the risk of overheating and irreversible photodamage. Here, we outline the main ideas behind the technology of photoacoustic imaging and the use of relevant contrast agents, with a main focus on gold nanorods. We delve into the processes of premelting and reshaping of gold nanorods under illumination with optical pulses of a typical duration in the order of few ns, and we present different approaches to mitigate this issue. We undertake a retrospective classification of such approaches according to their underlying, often implicit, principles as: constraining the initial shape; or speeding up their thermal coupling to the environment by lowering their interfacial thermal resistance; or redistributing the input energy among more particles. We discuss advantages, disadvantages and contexts of practical interest where one solution may be more appropriate than the other.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Cavigli
- Istituto di Fisica Applicata Nello Carrara, IFAC-CNR, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (S.C.); (R.P.); (F.R.)
| | - Boris N. Khlebtsov
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, 13 Prospekt Entuziastov, 410049 Saratov, Russia; (B.N.K.); (N.G.K.)
| | - Sonia Centi
- Istituto di Fisica Applicata Nello Carrara, IFAC-CNR, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (S.C.); (R.P.); (F.R.)
| | - Nikolai G. Khlebtsov
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, 13 Prospekt Entuziastov, 410049 Saratov, Russia; (B.N.K.); (N.G.K.)
- Saratov State University, 83 Ulitsa Astrakhanskaya, 410026 Saratov, Russia
| | - Roberto Pini
- Istituto di Fisica Applicata Nello Carrara, IFAC-CNR, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (S.C.); (R.P.); (F.R.)
| | - Fulvio Ratto
- Istituto di Fisica Applicata Nello Carrara, IFAC-CNR, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; (S.C.); (R.P.); (F.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Jeong JH, Pradyast A, Shim H, Woo HC, Kim MH. Completely green synthesis of rose-shaped Au nanostructures and their catalytic applications. RSC Adv 2021; 11:34589-34598. [PMID: 35494773 PMCID: PMC9042714 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra06805a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A novel protocol for the one-pot, template/seed-free, and completely green synthesis of rose-shaped Au nanostructures with unique three-dimensional hierarchical structures was developed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hwan Jeong
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Pukyong National Univeristy, 45 Yongso-ro, Nam-gu, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Astrini Pradyast
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Pukyong National Univeristy, 45 Yongso-ro, Nam-gu, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonbo Shim
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Pukyong National Univeristy, 45 Yongso-ro, Nam-gu, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Hee-Chul Woo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Pukyong National University, 45 Yongso-ro, Nam-gu, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Mun Ho Kim
- Department of Polymer Engineering, Pukyong National Univeristy, 45 Yongso-ro, Nam-gu, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Lebepe TC, Parani S, Oluwafemi OS. Graphene Oxide-Coated Gold Nanorods: Synthesis and Applications. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E2149. [PMID: 33126610 PMCID: PMC7693020 DOI: 10.3390/nano10112149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The application of gold nanorods (AuNRs) and graphene oxide (GO) has been widely studied due to their unique properties. Although each material has its own challenges, their combination produces an exceptional material for many applications such as sensor, therapeutics, and many others. This review covers the progress made so far in the synthesis and application of GO-coated AuNRs (GO-AuNRs). Initially, it highlights different methods of synthesizing AuNRs and GO followed by two approaches (ex situ and in situ approaches) of coating AuNRs with GO. In addition, the properties of GO-AuNRs composite such as biocompatibility, photothermal profiling, and their various applications, which include photothermal therapy, theranostic, sensor, and other applications of GO-AuNRs are also discussed. The review concludes with challenges associated with GO-AuNRs and future perspectives.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thabang C. Lebepe
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa; (T.C.L.); (S.P.)
- Centre for Nanomaterials Science Research, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa
| | - Sundararajan Parani
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa; (T.C.L.); (S.P.)
- Centre for Nanomaterials Science Research, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa
| | - Oluwatobi S. Oluwafemi
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Johannesburg, P.O. Box 17011, Doornfontein, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa; (T.C.L.); (S.P.)
- Centre for Nanomaterials Science Research, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg 2028, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|