1
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Zhang X, Li Q, Wang J, Huang J, Huang W, Huang Y. Physicochemical properties and in vitro release of formononetin nano-particles by ultrasonic probe-assisted precipitation in four polar organic solvents. Food Chem 2024; 461:140918. [PMID: 39181045 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/17/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Although formononetin has a considerable biological activity, its therapeutic use is limited by its low solubility. Formononetin was dissolved in ethanol, methanol, N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF), and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in this investigation, the antisolvent precipitation procedure with the assistance of an external ultrasonic probe was used to manufacture the formononetin nano-particles. The ideal parameters for response surface BBD optimization are as follows: feed volume flow rate of 6 mL/min; ultrasonic power of 860 W; and liquid-liquid ratio of 1:12.5. The formononetin nano-particles have a smaller particle diameter than raw sample; the lowest size can be as small as (329 ± 1.99) nm, which is 45 times smaller than raw. An in vitro digestion test using a solution that simulated intestinal solution revealed that the release rate of the nano-particle was 1.75 times than that of the raw formononetin. The formononetin nano-particles generated by the aforementioned four solvents have the following order of diameter: ethanol > methanol > DMF > DMSO. This study provided a technical reference for the functional food components in deep processing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qiyuan Li
- Jiaying University, Meizhou 514000, China
| | | | | | | | - Yan Huang
- Jiaying University, Meizhou 514000, China.
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2
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Imwiset KJ, Dudko V, Markus P, Papastavrou G, Breu J, Ogawa M. Forceless spontaneous delamination of high-aspect ratio fluorohectorite into monolayer nanosheets in chloroform. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:6383-6386. [PMID: 38814048 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc00475b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
One-dimensional dissolution of a layered compound in a nonpolar organic solvent is reported for the first time. A high-aspect ratio fluorohectorite modified with a cationic surfactant (dioctadecyldimethylammonium) showed spontaneous delamination into monolayer nanosheets in chloroform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamonnart Jaa Imwiset
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Wangchan Valley, Rayong 21210, Thailand.
| | - Volodymyr Dudko
- Department of Chemistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute, University of Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany.
| | - Paul Markus
- Physical Chemistry II and Bavarian Polymer Institute, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Georg Papastavrou
- Physical Chemistry II and Bavarian Polymer Institute, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Josef Breu
- Department of Chemistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute, University of Bayreuth, 95440, Bayreuth, Germany.
| | - Makoto Ogawa
- School of Energy Science and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology, Wangchan Valley, Rayong 21210, Thailand.
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3
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Stevenson M, Weiß S, Cha G, Schamel M, Jahn L, Friedrich D, Danzer MA, Cheong JY, Breu J. Osmotically Delaminated Silicate Nanosheet-Coated NCM for Ultra-Stable Li + Storage and Chemical Stability Toward Long-Term Air Exposure. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2302617. [PMID: 37264519 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202302617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
To ensure the safety and performance of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), a rational design and optimization of suitable cathode materials are crucial. Lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxides (NCM) represent one of the most popular cathode materials for commercial LIBs. However, they are limited by several critical issues, such as transition metal dissolution, formation of an unstable cathode-electrolyte interphase (CEI) layer, chemical instability upon air exposure, and mechanical instability. In this work, coating fabricated by self-assembly of osmotically delaminated sodium fluorohectorite (Hec) nanosheets onto NCM (Hec-NCM) in a simple and technically benign aqueous wet-coating process is reported first. Complete wrapping of NCM by high aspect ratio (>10 000) nanosheets is enabled through an electrostatic attraction between Hec nanosheets and NCM as well as by the superior mechanical flexibility of Hec nanosheets. The coating significantly suppresses mechanical degradation while forming a multi-functional CEI layer. Consequently, Hec-NCM delivers outstanding capacity retention for 300 cycles. Furthermore, due to the exceptional gas barrier properties of the few-layer Hec-coating, the electrochemical performance of Hec-NCM is maintained even after 6 months of exposure to the ambient atmosphere. These findings suggest a new direction of significantly improving the long-term stability and activity of cathode materials by creating an artificial CEI layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Max Stevenson
- Bavarian Center for Battery Technology (BayBatt), University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Sebastian Weiß
- Bavarian Center for Battery Technology (BayBatt), University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Gihoon Cha
- Bavarian Center for Battery Technology (BayBatt), University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Maximilian Schamel
- Bavarian Center for Battery Technology (BayBatt), University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany
- Chair of Electrical Energy Systems, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Leonard Jahn
- Bavarian Center for Battery Technology (BayBatt), University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany
- Chair of Electrical Energy Systems, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Daniel Friedrich
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Michael A Danzer
- Bavarian Center for Battery Technology (BayBatt), University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany
- Chair of Electrical Energy Systems, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Jun Young Cheong
- Bavarian Center for Battery Technology (BayBatt), University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Josef Breu
- Bavarian Center for Battery Technology (BayBatt), University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstraße 30, 95447, Bayreuth, Germany
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4
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Schuchardt D, Rosenfeldt S, Kalo H, Breu J. Fabrication of Bragg stack films of clay nanosheets and polycations via co-polymerization of intercalated monomers and functional interlayer cations. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:7044-7050. [PMID: 36974910 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr00438d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The fabrication of one-dimensional (1D) crystalline, monodomain nanocomposite films (hybrid Bragg stacks) is still limited to a few combinations of polymers and clay. The main reason is the segregation of clay and polymers driven by the entropic loss faced by the polymer confined in a narrow slit between the nanosheets. By exchanging synthetic sodium-fluorohectorite with vinylbenzyltrimethylammonium chloride, we succeeded in delaminating clay via 1D dissolution in N-methylformamide to obtain a liquid crystalline suspension. By combining this with bisphenol A glycerolate diacrylate, 1D crystalline nanocomposites could be obtained via photopolymerization of doctor bladed wet coatings. Infrared spectroscopy confirmed the co-polymerization of monomers and the organic modifier between the hectorite platelets. This single-phase hybrid material shows very low oxygen and water vapor transmission rates. The incorporation of the modified clay into the polymer leads to an oxygen transmission rate of 0.21 cm3 m-2 day-1 atm-1 at 50% r.h. and 23 °C and a water vapor transmission rate of 0.05 g m-2 day-1 for a coating of 3.7 μm, making this material appropriate for challenging packaging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Schuchardt
- Bavarian Polymer Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany.
| | - Sabine Rosenfeldt
- Bavarian Polymer Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany.
| | - Hussein Kalo
- BYK-Chemie GmbH, Plant Moosburg, Stadtwaldstrasse 44, 85368 Moosburg, Germany.
| | - Josef Breu
- Bavarian Polymer Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany.
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5
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Röhrl M, Ködel JF, Timmins RL, Callsen C, Aksit M, Fink MF, Seibt S, Weidinger A, Battagliarin G, Ruckdäschel H, Schobert R, Breu J, Biersack B. New Functional Polymer Materials via Click Chemistry-Based Modification of Cellulose Acetate. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:9889-9895. [PMID: 36969451 PMCID: PMC10034841 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c06811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cellulose acetate (CA) was partially acrylated, and the resulting cellulose acetate acrylate (acryl-substitution degree of 0.2) underwent quantitative thio-Michael click reactions with various thiols. A toolbox of functional CA polymers was obtained in this way, and their properties were studied. The modification with fatty alkyl thiols led to hydrophobic materials with large water drop contact angles. Octadecylthio-, butoxycarbonylpropylthio-, and furanylthio-modifications formed highly transparent materials. The new derivative CAASFur disintegrated completely under industrial composting conditions. Films of modified CA polymers were cast and investigated in terms of barrier properties. The nanocomposite of CAAS18 compounded with a synthetic layered silicate (hectorite) of a large aspect ratio showed permeabilities as low as 0.09 g mm m-2 day-1 for water vapor and 0.16 cm3 mm m-2 day-1 atm-1 for oxygen. This portfolio of functional CA polymers opens the door to new applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Röhrl
- Inorganic
Chemistry 1, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Justus F. Ködel
- Fachgruppe
Chemie, Wirtschaftswissenschaftliches und
Naturwissenschaftlich-Technologisches Gymnasium Bayreuth, Am Sportpark 1, 95448 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Renee L. Timmins
- Inorganic
Chemistry 1, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Christoph Callsen
- Department
of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Science, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Merve Aksit
- Department
of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Science, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Michael F. Fink
- Chair
of Electrochemical Process Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Science, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95447 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Sebastian Seibt
- Linseis
Messgeräte GmbH, Vielitzerstrasse 43, 95100 Selb, Germany
| | - Andy Weidinger
- Fachgruppe
Chemie, Wirtschaftswissenschaftliches und
Naturwissenschaftlich-Technologisches Gymnasium Bayreuth, Am Sportpark 1, 95448 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Glauco Battagliarin
- Biopolymers
and Biodegradability Research, BASF, Carl-Bosch-Str. 38, 67056 Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany
| | - Holger Ruckdäschel
- Department
of Polymer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering Science, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Rainer Schobert
- Organic
Chemistry 1, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Josef Breu
- Inorganic
Chemistry 1, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Bernhard Biersack
- Organic
Chemistry 1, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440 Bayreuth, Germany
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6
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Takács D, Varga G, Csapó E, Jamnik A, Tomšič M, Szilágyi I. Delamination of Layered Double Hydroxide in Ionic Liquids under Ambient Conditions. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:11850-11856. [PMID: 36520486 PMCID: PMC9806852 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c03275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Liquid phase delamination of layered materials into single- or few-layer nanosheets leads to stable nanoscale dispersions of 2D materials. The delamination of layered double hydroxide (LDH) to double hydroxide nanosheets was studied in two ionic liquids (ILs): ethylammonium nitrate (EAN) and 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium thiocyanate (BMIMSCN). The as-prepared lamellar structure of LDH disappeared upon dispersing it in ILs due to delamination into 2D nanosheets confirmed by X-ray scattering and diffraction techniques and further evaluated by height profile assessment of the nanoparticles by atomic force microscopy. The results showed that both the thickness and lateral size of the dispersed particles decreased in the IL-based samples, indicating that cleavage of the LDH materials can be observed in addition to delamination. The findings prove the concept of delamination of layered materials by ILs under ambient conditions─an excellent way to prepare 2D double hydroxide nanosheet dispersions in one step using nonvolatile green solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dóra Takács
- MTA-SZTE
Lendület “Momentum” Biocolloids Research Group, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Interdisciplinary
Excellence Center, Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials
Science, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gábor Varga
- Interdisciplinary
Excellence Center, Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials
Science, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Edit Csapó
- Interdisciplinary
Excellence Center, Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials
Science, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
- MTA-SZTE
Lendület “Momentum” Noble Metal Nanostructures
Research Group, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Andrej Jamnik
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University
of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Matija Tomšič
- Faculty
of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University
of Ljubljana, Večna pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - István Szilágyi
- MTA-SZTE
Lendület “Momentum” Biocolloids Research Group, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
- Interdisciplinary
Excellence Center, Department of Physical Chemistry and Materials
Science, University of Szeged, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary
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7
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El Rifaii K, Wensink HH, Dozov I, Bizien T, Michot LJ, Gabriel JCP, Breu J, Davidson P. Do Aqueous Suspensions of Smectite Clays Form a Smectic Liquid-Crystalline Phase? LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:14563-14573. [PMID: 36395196 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c01821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Bottom-up strategies for the production of well-defined nanostructures often rely on the self-assembly of anisotropic colloidal particles (nanowires and nanosheets). These building blocks can be obtained by delamination in a solvent of low-dimensionality crystallites. To optimize particle availability, determination of the delamination mechanism and the different organization stages of anisotropic particles in dispersion is essential. We address this fundamental issue by exploiting a recently developed system of fluorohectorite smectite clay mineral that delaminates in water, leading to colloidal dispersions of single-layer, very large (≈20 μm) clay sheets at high dilution. We show that when the clay crystallites are dispersed in water, they swell to form periodic one-dimensional stacks of fluorohectorite sheets with very low volume fraction (<1%) and therefore huge (≈100 nm) periods. Using optical microscopy and synchrotron X-ray scattering, we establish that these colloidal stacks bear strong similarities, yet subtle differences, with a smectic liquid-crystalline phase. Despite the high dilution, the colloidal stacks of sheets, called colloidal accordions, are extremely robust mechanically and can persist for years. Moreover, when subjected to AC electric fields, they rotate as solid bodies, which demonstrates their outstanding internal cohesion. Furthermore, our theoretical model captures the dependence of the stacking period on the dispersion concentration and ionic strength and explains, invoking the Donnan effect, why the colloidal accordions are kinetically stable over years and impervious to shear and Brownian motion. Because our model is not system specific, we expect that similar colloidal accordions frequently appear as an intermediate state during the delamination process of two-dimensional crystals in polar solvents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin El Rifaii
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405Orsay, France
| | - Henricus H Wensink
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405Orsay, France
| | - Ivan Dozov
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405Orsay, France
| | - Thomas Bizien
- SWING Beamline, SOLEIL Synchrotron, 91192Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Laurent J Michot
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Electrolytes and Interfacial Nanosystems (PHENIX), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005Paris, France
| | | | - Josef Breu
- Bavarian Polymer Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstrasse 30, 95440Bayreuth, Germany
| | - Patrick Davidson
- Laboratoire de Physique des Solides, Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91405Orsay, France
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8
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Dudko V, Rosenfeldt S, Siegel R, Senker J, Matejdes M, Breu J. Delamination by Repulsive Osmotic Swelling of Synthetic Na-Hectorite with Variable Charge in Binary Dimethyl Sulfoxide-Water Mixtures. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:10781-10790. [PMID: 35863753 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Swelling of clays is hampered by increasing layer charge. With vermiculite-type layer charge densities, crystalline swelling is limited to the two-layer hydrate, while osmotic swelling requires ion exchange with bulky and hydrophilic organic molecules or with Li+ cations to trigger repulsive osmotic swelling. Here, we report on surprising and counterintuitive osmotic swelling behavior of a vermiculite-type synthetic clay [Na0.7]inter[Mg2.3Li0.7]oct[Si4]tetO10F2 in mixtures of water and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO). Although swelling in pure water is restricted to crystalline swelling, with the addition of DMSO, osmotic swelling sets in at some threshold composition. Finally, when the DMSO concentration is increased further to 75 vol %, swelling is restricted again to crystalline swelling as expected. Repulsive osmotic swelling thus is observed in a narrow composition range of the binary water-DMSO mixture, where a freezing point suppression is observed. This suppression is related to DMSO and water molecules exhibiting strong interactions leading to stable molecular clusters. Based on this phenomenological observation, we hypothesize that the unexpected swelling behavior might be related to the formation of different complexes of interlayer cations being formed at different compositions. Powder X-ray diffraction and 23Na magic angle spinning-NMR evidence is presented that supports this hypothesis. We propose that the synergistic solvation of the interlayer sodium at favorable compositions exerts a steric pressure by the complexes formed in the interlayer. Concomitantly, the basal spacing is increased to a level, where entropic contributions of interlayer species lead to a spontaneous thermodynamically allowed one-dimensional dissolution of the clay stack.
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Affiliation(s)
- Volodymyr Dudko
- Department of Chemistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, Bayreuth 95440, Germany
| | - Sabine Rosenfeldt
- Department of Chemistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, Bayreuth 95440, Germany
| | - Renée Siegel
- Department of Chemistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, Bayreuth 95440, Germany
| | - Jürgen Senker
- Department of Chemistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, Bayreuth 95440, Germany
| | - Marian Matejdes
- Department of Inorganic Materials, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, Bratislava 812 37, Slovakia
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Dúbravská cesta 9, Bratislava 845 36, Slovakia
| | - Josef Breu
- Department of Chemistry and Bavarian Polymer Institute, University of Bayreuth, Universitätsstr. 30, Bayreuth 95440, Germany
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9
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Zhu QL, Dai CF, Wagner D, Khoruzhenko O, Hong W, Breu J, Zheng Q, Wu ZL. Patterned Electrode Assisted One-Step Fabrication of Biomimetic Morphing Hydrogels with Sophisticated Anisotropic Structures. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:e2102353. [PMID: 34705341 PMCID: PMC8693068 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202102353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Anisotropic structures are ubiquitous in nature, affording fascinating morphing behaviors. Biomimetic morphing materials can be developed by spatially controlling the orientations of molecules or nanofillers that produce anisotropic responses and internal stresses under external stimuli. However, it remains a serious challenge to fabricate materials with sophisticated anisotropic architectures. Here, a facile strategy to fabricate morphing hydrogels with elaborately ordered structures of nanosheets, which are oriented under distributed electric field and immobilized by polymerization to form a poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) matrix, is proposed. Diverse sophisticated anisotropic structures are obtained by engineering the electric field through the patterns and relative locations of the electrodes. Upon heating, the monolithic hydrogels with through-thickness and/or in-plane gradients in orientation of the nanosheets deform into various three-dimensional configurations. After incorporating gold nanoparticles, the hydrogels become photoresponsive and capable of programmable motions, for example, dynamic twisting and flipping under spatiotemporal stimuli. Such a strategy of using patterned electrodes to generate distributed electric field should be applicable to systems of liquid crystals or charged particles/molecules to direct orientation or electrophoresis and form functional structures. The biomimetically architectured hydrogels would be ideal materials to develop artificial muscles, soft actuators/robots, and biomedical devices with versatile applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Li Zhu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and FunctionalizationDepartment of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
| | - Chen Fei Dai
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and FunctionalizationDepartment of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
| | - Daniel Wagner
- Bavarian Polymer Institute and Department of ChemistryUniversity of BayreuthUniversitätsstrasse 30Bayreuth95440Germany
| | - Olena Khoruzhenko
- Bavarian Polymer Institute and Department of ChemistryUniversity of BayreuthUniversitätsstrasse 30Bayreuth95440Germany
| | - Wei Hong
- Department of Mechanics and Aerospace EngineeringSouthern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China
| | - Josef Breu
- Bavarian Polymer Institute and Department of ChemistryUniversity of BayreuthUniversitätsstrasse 30Bayreuth95440Germany
| | - Qiang Zheng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and FunctionalizationDepartment of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
| | - Zi Liang Wu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and FunctionalizationDepartment of Polymer Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
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10
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Self-assembly and rheological behavior of chloramphenicol-based poly(ester ether)urethanes. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-021-02545-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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