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Hu Z, Chu F, Shan H, Wu X, Dong Z, Wang R. Understanding and Utilizing Droplet Impact on Superhydrophobic Surfaces: Phenomena, Mechanisms, Regulations, Applications, and Beyond. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2310177. [PMID: 38069449 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202310177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Droplet impact is a ubiquitous liquid behavior that closely tied to human life and production, making indispensable impacts on the big world. Nature-inspired superhydrophobic surfaces provide a powerful platform for regulating droplet impact dynamics. The collision between classic phenomena of droplet impact and the advanced manufacture of superhydrophobic surfaces is lighting up the future. Accurately understanding, predicting, and tailoring droplet dynamic behaviors on superhydrophobic surfaces are progressive steps to integrate the droplet impact into versatile applications and further improve the efficiency. In this review, the progress on phenomena, mechanisms, regulations, and applications of droplet impact on superhydrophobic surfaces, bridging the gap between droplet impact, superhydrophobic surfaces, and engineering applications are comprehensively summarized. It is highlighted that droplet contact and rebound are two focal points, and their fundamentals and dynamic regulations on elaborately designed superhydrophobic surfaces are discussed in detail. For the first time, diverse applications are classified into four categories according to the requirements for droplet contact and rebound. The remaining challenges are also pointed out and future directions to trigger subsequent research on droplet impact from both scientific and applied perspectives are outlined. The review is expected to provide a general framework for understanding and utilizing droplet impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhifeng Hu
- Research Center of Solar Power and Refrigeration, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Fuqiang Chu
- School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - He Shan
- Research Center of Solar Power and Refrigeration, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Xiaomin Wu
- Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China
| | - Zhichao Dong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Interfacial Sciences, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Future Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Ruzhu Wang
- Research Center of Solar Power and Refrigeration, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
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Chen C, Zhong H, Liu Z, Wang J, Wang J, Liu G, Li Y, Zhu P. Asymmetric Jetting during the Impact of Liquid Drops on Superhydrophobic Concave Surfaces. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:1521. [PMID: 36144146 PMCID: PMC9501287 DOI: 10.3390/mi13091521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The impact of liquid drops on superhydrophobic solid surfaces is ubiquitous and of practical importance in many industrial processes. Here, we study the impingement of droplets on superhydrophobic surfaces with a macroscopic dimple structure, during which the droplet exhibits asymmetric jetting. Systematic experimental investigations and numerical simulations provide insight into the dynamics and underlying mechanisms of the observed phenomenon. The observation is a result of the interaction between the spreading droplet and the dimple. An upward internal flow is induced by the dimple, which is then superimposed on the horizontal flow inside the spreading droplet. As such, an inclined jet is issued asymmetrically into the air. This work would be conducive to the development of an open-space microfluidic platform for droplet manipulation and generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengmin Chen
- Energy Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250100, China
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250100, China
- Jinan Key Laboratory of High-Performance Industrial Software, Jinan Institute of Supercomputing Technology, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Hongjun Zhong
- Jinan Key Laboratory of High-Performance Industrial Software, Jinan Institute of Supercomputing Technology, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Zhe Liu
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250100, China
| | - Jianchun Wang
- Energy Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250100, China
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250100, China
| | - Jianmei Wang
- Energy Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250100, China
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250100, China
| | - Guangxia Liu
- Energy Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250100, China
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yan Li
- Energy Institute, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250100, China
- School of Energy and Power Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250100, China
| | - Pingan Zhu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
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Ouyang L, Liu J, Xiao Y, Zhang Y, Xie G, Zhang H, Yu Z. One-Step Preparation of a Superhydrophobic Surface by Electric Discharge Machining with a Carbon Fiber Brush Electrode. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:9853-9862. [PMID: 35938418 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c00916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Superhydrophobic surfaces are extremely susceptible to damage, which can lead to a sharp decrease in their service life and physical properties. Therefore, developing methods to impart superhydrophobic surfaces with excellent wear resistance is crucial. In this article, a flexible carbon fiber brush was utilized as an electrode to fabricate micro-/nano-structures on a grooved surface via electric discharge machining in one step, resulting in a superhydrophobic coating with excellent wear resistance. Carbon fiber brushes exhibit several notable properties, including excellent flexibility, conductivity, and high temperature resistance. Carbon fiber brushes can adapt to the complex inner walls of grooves. Many nano-structures were fabricated on the grooves via pulse discharge, which resulted in a superhydrophobic surface with excellent wear resistance. The contact angle (CA) and sliding angle of the surface after discharge were 156.3 and 2°, respectively. The processed surface exhibits superior corrosion resistance compared to the stainless-steel substrate. The influence of the micro-groove shapes on wear resistance was tested. The results showed that, after 500 cm of wear, the shallow grooves retained their superhydrophobicity with a CA of 150.1°.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ligeng Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Precion Electronic Manufacturing Technology and Equipment, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Nontraditional Machining and Equipment, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Jiangwen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Precion Electronic Manufacturing Technology and Equipment, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Nontraditional Machining and Equipment, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yingjie Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Precion Electronic Manufacturing Technology and Equipment, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Nontraditional Machining and Equipment, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Yonghui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Precion Electronic Manufacturing Technology and Equipment, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Nontraditional Machining and Equipment, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Guie Xie
- KingMed School of Laboratory Medicine, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 510182, P. R. China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Precion Electronic Manufacturing Technology and Equipment, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Nontraditional Machining and Equipment, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
| | - Zhaoqin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Precion Electronic Manufacturing Technology and Equipment, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
- Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Nontraditional Machining and Equipment, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China
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Du J, Wang X, Li Y, Min Q. Maximum spreading of liquid droplets impact on concentric ring-textured surfaces: Theoretical analysis and numerical simulation. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.127647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Yun S. The role of oscillation in ellipsoidal drop impact on a solid surface. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 605:592-601. [PMID: 34343732 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.03.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Ellipsoidal shapes of drops can significantly modify the impact dynamics and suppress the rebound by inducing symmetry breaking in the mass and momentum distributions compared to the axisymmetric dynamics of typical drops. However, the previous works have assumed that the drop oscillation at the moment of impact only slightly affects the post-dynamics although the oscillation must be involved in the spreading. Here, we study the impact dynamics of the oscillating ellipsoidal drops on non-wetting surfaces as a function of the ellipticity, oscillation phase, and Weber number (We) experimentally and numerically. The spreading dynamics show notable hysteretic features in the maximal spreading diameters at the four regions of the oscillation phase. The hysteresis appears more prominently in prolate drops than in oblate drops and becomes remarkably suppressed at the four phases as We increases. Momentum analysis shows that the phases for shaping the drops spherically can drive higher asymmetry in the horizontal momenta than the other phases for shaping the drops ellipsoidally. The momentum asymmetry in the horizontal axes indicates that the oscillation phase as well as the ellipticity can play an important role in altering the hydrodynamics and reducing the bounce magnitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungchan Yun
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Korea National University of Transportation, Chungju 27469, Republic of Korea.
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Fast droplet bouncing induced by asymmetric spreading on concave superhydrophobic surfaces. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2021.126588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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