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Do J, Kang SM. Effect of Surface Charges in Polymer Coatings on Antifouling Performance in Marine Environments with Sediment. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:19644-19653. [PMID: 39219107 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c02304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The antifouling efficacy of hydrophilic polymer coatings is closely related to their surface charge. Many biological foulants such as mammalian cells and marine microalgae possess a negative surface charge, discouraging the use of positively charged polymer coatings for antifouling purposes. Instead, electrically neutral yet hydrophilic polymers have been widely employed, leveraging hydration layers to create a barrier against fouling. However, challenges arise in marine environments where both living marine organisms and sediments can adhere to solid surfaces, rendering previous findings less directly applicable. This study investigates the impact of a polymer coating surface charge on marine antifouling properties. Polymer brushes with various charges are applied to solid substrates, and the adhesion behavior of marine diatoms is assessed under both marine sediment-free and marine sediment conditions. The results underscore the effectiveness of negatively charged polymer brush coatings in marine antifouling, regardless of sediment presence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jihwan Do
- Department of Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Min Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28644, Republic of Korea
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2
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Xiao H, Yu Z, Liang J, Ding L, Zhu J, Wang Y, Chen S, Xin JH. Wetting Behavior-Induced Interfacial transmission of Energy and Signal: Materials, Mechanisms, and Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2407856. [PMID: 39032113 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202407856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/22/2024]
Abstract
Wetting behaviors can significantly affect the transport of energy and signal (E&S) through vapor, solid, and liquid interfaces, which has prompted increased interest in interfacial science and technology. E&S transmission can be achieved using electricity, light, and heat, which often accompany and interact with each other. Over the past decade, their distinctive transport phenomena during wetting processes have made significant contributions to various domains. However, few studies have analyzed the intricate relationship between wetting behavior and E&S transport. This review summarizes and discusses the mechanisms of electrical, light, and heat transmission at wetting interfaces to elucidate their respective scientific issues, technical characteristics, challenges, commonalities, and potential for technological convergence. The materials, structures, and devices involved in E&S transportation are also analyzed. Particularly, harnessing synergistic advantages in practical applications and constructing advanced, multifunctional, and highly efficient smart systems based on wetted interfaces is the aim to provide strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoyuan Xiao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Zilin Yu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Jiechang Liang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Lei Ding
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Jingshuai Zhu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Yuanfeng Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - Shiguo Chen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China
| | - John H Xin
- Research Centre of Smart Wearable Technology, Institute of Textiles and Clothing, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, China
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Gao H, Xing Z, Liu J, Chen X, Zhou N, Zheng Y, Tang L, Jin L, Gao J, Meng Z. Bioinspired Photoelectronic Synergy Coating with Antifogging and Antibacterial Properties. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:10589-10599. [PMID: 38728854 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Optically transparent glass with antifogging and antibacterial properties is in high demand for endoscopes, goggles, and medical display equipment. However, many of the previously reported coatings have limitations in terms of long-term antifogging and efficient antibacterial properties, environmental friendliness, and versatility. In this study, inspired by catfish and sphagnum moss, a novel photoelectronic synergy antifogging and antibacterial coating was prepared by cross-linking polyethylenimine-modified titanium dioxide (PEI-TiO2), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA). The as-prepared coating could remain fog-free under hot steam for more than 40 min. The experimental results indicate that the long-term antifogging properties are due to the water absorption and spreading characteristics. Moreover, the organic-inorganic hybrid of PEI and TiO2 was first applied to enhance the antibacterial performance. The Staphylococcus aureus and the Escherichia coli growth inhibition rates of the as-prepared coating reached 97 and 96% respectively. A photoelectronic synergy antifogging and antibacterial mechanism based on the positive electrical and photocatalytic properties of PEI-TiO2 was proposed. This investigation provides insight into designing multifunctional bioinspired surface materials to realize antifogging and antibacterial that can be applied to medicine and daily lives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanpeng Gao
- School of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, P. R. China
| | - Zetian Xing
- School of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, P. R. China
| | - Jiaxi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering (Ministry of Education), Jilin University, Changchun 130022, P. R. China
| | - Xiaomin Chen
- Department of Nursing, First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066000, P. R. China
| | - Na Zhou
- Department of Nursing, First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066000, P. R. China
| | - Ying Zheng
- Department of Nursing, First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066000, P. R. China
| | - Lianlian Tang
- Department of Nursing, First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066000, P. R. China
| | - Liang Jin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066000, P. R. China
| | - Jun Gao
- Department of Nursing, First Hospital of Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066000, P. R. China
| | - Zong Meng
- School of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, P. R. China
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DeFlorio W, Zaza A, Arcot Y, Min Y, Castillo A, Taylor M, Cisneros-Zevallos L, Akbulut MES. Bioinspired Superhydrophobic Nanocoating Based on Polydopamine and Nanodiamonds to Mitigate Bacterial Attachment to Polyvinyl Chloride Surfaces in Food Industry Environments. Ind Eng Chem Res 2024; 63:6235-6248. [PMID: 38617109 PMCID: PMC11009964 DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.3c04230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is commonly utilized as a food-contact surface by the food industry for processing and storage purposes due to its durability, ease of fabrication, and cost-effectiveness. Herein, we report a composite coating for the superhydrophobization of PVC without the use of polyfluoroalkyl chemistry. This coating rendered the PVC superhydrophobic, exhibiting a static water contact angle of 151.9 ± 0.7° and a contact angle hysteresis of only 3.1 ± 1.0°. The structure of this composite coating, consisting of polydopamine, nanodiamonds, and an alkyl silane, was investigated by utilizing both scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. Surface chemistry was probed using attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared, and the surface wetting behavior was thoroughly characterized using both static and dynamic water contact angle measurements. It was demonstrated that the superhydrophobic PVC was cleanable using a food-grade surfactant, becoming wet in contact with high concentration surfactant solutions, but regaining its nonwetting property upon rinsing with water. It was demonstrated that the coating produced a 2.1 ± 0.1 log10 reduction (99.2%) in the number of Escherichia coli O157:H7 cells and a 2.2 ± 0.1 log10 reduction (99.3%) in the number of Salmonella enterica Typhimurium cells that were able to adsorb onto PVC surfaces over a 24 h period. The use of this fluorine-free superhydrophobic coating on PVC equipment, such as conveyor belts within food production facilities, may help to mitigate bacterial cross-contamination and curb the spread of foodborne illnesses.
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Affiliation(s)
- William DeFlorio
- Artie
McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Abdulla Zaza
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University
at Qatar, Doha 23874, Qatar
| | - Yashwanth Arcot
- Artie
McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Younjin Min
- Depart
of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Alejandro Castillo
- Department
of Food Science and Technology, Texas A&M
University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Matthew Taylor
- Department
of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Luis Cisneros-Zevallos
- Department
of Horticultural Sciences, Texas A&M
University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
| | - Mustafa E. S. Akbulut
- Artie
McFerrin Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843, United States
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Wang W, Liu Q, Sun Y, Li D, Xu S, Lin L, Wang F, Li L, Li J. Radiation polymerization for the preparation of universal coatings: remarkable anti-fogging and frost-resisting performance. RSC Adv 2024; 14:10131-10145. [PMID: 38533095 PMCID: PMC10964754 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra08542b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hydrophilic anti-fogging coatings have attracted considerable attention due to their ease of preparation and excellent fog resistance. In this study, a hydrophilic anti-fogging coating based on the random copolymer p(AA-co-SAS) was prepared using acrylic acid (AA) and sodium allylsulfonate (SAS) as monomers through radiation polymerization. The introduction of SAS successfully transformed the random copolymer from a gel state into a film-forming polymer solution. The presence of AA structural units in p(AA-co-SAS) improved the film-forming properties of the polymer solution. Additionally, there was a positive correlation between the proportion of SAS structural units in the random copolymer and the scratch hardness and wetting properties of the coating. After coating polycarbonate (PC) sheets, the surface hydrophilicity was significantly enhanced, with the contact angle of PC-AA10/SAS5 decreasing from 100.1° to 18.8° within 50 seconds. The outstanding wetting properties endowed the coating with exceptional anti-fogging and frost-resisting performance. It exhibited optimal transparency under both testing conditions and demonstrated good stability during cyclic testing. Tape adhesion tests indicated that the adhesion between the coating and PC reached a 5B level. When AA10/SAS5 was applied to PET film, glass, and PMMA goggles, all samples showed excellent anti-fog performance. Even after being naturally placed for one year under ambient conditions, the PMMA goggles still maintained good performance in the anti-fog and frost resistance tests. The remarkable comprehensive properties of the polymer coating based on p(AA-co-SAS) suggest enormous potential applications in industries such as packaging, healthcare, and optical equipment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenrui Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201800 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Qi Liu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201800 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Ying Sun
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201800 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Danyi Li
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201800 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Siyi Xu
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201800 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Lin Lin
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201800 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Fangzheng Wang
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201800 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Linfan Li
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201800 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
- Wuwei Institute of New Energy Gansu 733000 China
| | - Jihao Li
- Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201800 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
- Wuwei Institute of New Energy Gansu 733000 China
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Thuy LT, Kim SY, Dongquoc V, Kim Y, Choi JS, Cho WK. Coordination-driven robust antibacterial coatings using catechol-conjugated carboxymethyl chitosan. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 249:126090. [PMID: 37541478 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023]
Abstract
To prevent bacterial contamination on solid surfaces, a simple yet efficient antibacterial coating was developed in a substrate-independent manner by using the catechol-conjugated carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC-DOPA). The CMC-DOPA was firstly synthesized via an aza-Michael reaction with methyl acrylate and the subsequent acyl substitution with dopamine. The coating strategy consists of spin-coating-assisted deposition of CMC-DOPA on polydopamine-coated substrates and coordination-driven crosslinks between catechol groups and Fe3+ ions in sequence, producing the multilayered CMC-DOPA films. The film thickness was controllable depending on the concentration of CMC-DOPA. Compared to bare controls, the CMC-DOPA-coated substrates reduced the bacterial adhesion by up to 99.8 % and 96.2 % for E. coli and S. aureus, respectively. It is demonstrated that the CMC-DOPA coating can be a robust antibacterial coating across various pH environments, inhibiting bacterial adhesion by 78.7 %, 95.1 %, and 93.2 %, respectively, compared to the control, even after 7 days of acidic, physiological, and alkaline pH treatment. The current coating approach could be applied to various substrates including silicon dioxide, titanium dioxide, and polyurethane. Given its simple and versatile coating capability, we think that the coordination-driven CMC-DOPA coating could be useful for various medical devices and implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Thi Thuy
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Su Youn Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Viet Dongquoc
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Younjin Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Sig Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea.
| | - Woo Kyung Cho
- Department of Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea.
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Chu J, Tian G, Feng X. Recent advances in prevailing antifogging surfaces: structures, materials, durability, and beyond. NANOSCALE 2023. [PMID: 37368459 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr01767b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
In past decades, antifogging surfaces have drawn more and more attention owing to their promising and wide applications such as in aerospace, traffic transportation, optical devices, the food industry, and medical and other fields. Therefore, the potential hazards caused by fogging need to be solved urgently. At present, the up-and-coming antifogging surfaces have been developing swiftly, and can effectively achieve antifogging effects primarily by preventing fog formation and rapid defogging. This review analyzes and summarizes current progress in antifogging surfaces. Firstly, some bionic and typical antifogging structures are described in detail. Then, the antifogging materials explored thus far, mainly focusing on substrates and coatings, are extensively introduced. After that, the solutions for improving the durability of antifogging surfaces are explicitly classified in four aspects. Finally, the remaining big challenges and future development trends of the ascendant antifogging surfaces are also presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahui Chu
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, P. R. China.
| | - Guizhong Tian
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaoming Feng
- College of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang, P. R. China.
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Kim I, Kim Y, Kang SM. Effect of Molecular Weights on Metal-Mediated Grafting of Sulfobetaine Polymers onto Solid Surfaces for Non-Biofouling Applications. Macromol Biosci 2022; 22:e2200200. [PMID: 35789095 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202200200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The grafting of zwitterionic molecules onto solid surfaces is an important tool for decreasing the unwanted adsorption of biomolecules, such as proteins, bacteria, and cells. This has been achieved through various approaches, such as zwitterionic monolayer/multilayer formation, surface-initiated polymerization of zwitterionic monomers, and grafting of presynthesized zwitterionic polymers. Recently, a coordination-driven approach to grafting zwitterionic polymers onto solid surfaces has been discovered to be an effective method because of its versatility and robustness. However, the bacterial adhesion resistance of zwitterionic polymer grafting has been explored using only one molecular weight, and the non-biofouling performance against other fouling organisms has remained unexamined. In this study, the characteristics of coordination-driven surface zwitteration are systematically investigated. Sulfobetaine (SB) polymers with three different molecular weights are synthesized and employed for surface grafting. Polydopamine is used as a surface primer, and SB polymers are grafted onto the surfaces via the formation of metal-mediated coordinate bonds. The effect of molecular weight on the grafting efficiency and non-biofouling performance is investigated via protein adsorption and marine diatom adhesion assays. The SB polymer with a high molecular weight is found to be crucial for achieving strong resistance to protein adsorption and marine fouling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Inho Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Yohan Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Min Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, 28644, Republic of Korea
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Ki SH, Thuy LT, Kim S, Lee S, Choi JS, Cho WK. Curcumin-Based Universal Grafting of Poly(OEGMA) Brushes and Their Antibacterial Applications. Macromol Biosci 2022; 22:e2200310. [PMID: 36074994 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202200310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Catechol and/or pyrogallol groups are recognized as crucial for the formation of polyphenol coatings on various substrates. Meanwhile, studies on polyphenolic molecules that do not contain such groups are relatively rare. The key molecule in turmeric-based universal (i.e., substrate-independent) coatings is curcumin, which contains no catechol or pyrogallol groups. As chemically reactive hydroxyl groups would remain after curcumin coating, it is hypothesized that curcumin coating can serve as a reactive layer for controlling interfacial properties. In this study, a curcumin-based surface modification method is developed to graft polymer brushes from various substrates, including titanium dioxide, gold, glass, stainless steel, and nylon. α-Bromoisobutyryl bromide, a polymerization initiator, is introduced to the curcumin-coated substrates via esterification; subsequently, poly(oligo(ethylene glycol) methacrylate) (poly(OEGMA)) is grafted from the surfaces. Compared to the control surfaces, poly(OEGMA)-grafted surfaces significantly suppress bacterial adhesion by up to 99.4%, demonstrating their antibacterial properties. Considering its facile and versatile surface modification, curcumin-based polymer grafting can be an efficient method for controlling the chemical/physical properties of surfaces in a substrate-independent manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- So Hyun Ki
- Department of Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Le Thi Thuy
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunhee Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Seulgi Lee
- KM Science Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon, 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Joon Sig Choi
- Department of Biochemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
| | - Woo Kyung Cho
- Department of Chemistry, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, 34134, Republic of Korea
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10
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Recent progress in the mechanisms, preparations and applications of polymeric antifogging coatings. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 309:102794. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2022.102794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Antibacterial Adhesion Strategy for Dental Titanium Implant Surfaces: From Mechanisms to Application. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:jfb13040169. [PMID: 36278638 PMCID: PMC9589972 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13040169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental implants are widely used to restore missing teeth because of their stability and comfort characteristics. Peri-implant infection may lead to implant failure and other profound consequences. It is believed that peri-implantitis is closely related to the formation of biofilms, which are difficult to remove once formed. Therefore, endowing titanium implants with anti-adhesion properties is an effective method to prevent peri-implant infection. Moreover, anti-adhesion strategies for titanium implant surfaces are critical steps for resisting bacterial adherence. This article reviews the process of bacterial adhesion, the material properties that may affect the process, and the anti-adhesion strategies that have been proven effective and promising in practice. This article intends to be a reference for further improvement of the antibacterial adhesion strategy in clinical application and for related research on titanium implant surfaces.
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Sasaoka M, Kawamura A, Miyata T. Core–shell Microgels Having Zwitterionic Hydrogel Core and Temperature-responsive Shell Prepared via Inverse Miniemulsion RAFT Polymerization. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00425a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive core–shell microgels are of significant interest because of their fascinating applications due to the different swelling/shrinkage properties of their core and shell networks. Because such stimuli-responsive core–shell microgels are...
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