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Ogada J, Ehirim TJ, Ipadeola AK, Haruna AB, Mwonga PV, Abdullah AM, Yang XY, Eid K, Wamwangi DM, Ozoemena KI. Interfacial Electronic Interactions within the Pd-CeO 2/Carbon Onions Define the Efficient Electrocatalytic Ethanol Oxidation Reaction in Alkaline Electrolytes. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:7439-7451. [PMID: 38405481 PMCID: PMC10882676 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c04427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 09/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Porous Pd-based electrocatalysts are promising materials for alkaline direct ethanol fuel cells (ADEFCs) and ethanol sensors in the development of renewable energy and point-of-contact ethanol sensor test kits for drunk drivers. However, experimental and theoretical investigations of the interfacial interaction among Pd nanocrystals on supports (i.e., carbon black (CB), onion-like carbon (OLC), and CeO2/OLC) toward ADEFC and ethanol sensors are not yet reported. This is based on the preparation of Pd-CeO2/OLC nanocrystals by the sol-gel and impregnation methods. Evidently, the porous Pd-CeO2/OLC significantly increased membrane-free micro-3D-printed ADEFC performance with a high peak power density (Pmax = 27.15 mW cm-2) that is 1.38- and 7.58-times those of Pd/OLC (19.72 mW cm-2) and Pd/CB (3.59 mW cm-2), besides its excellent stability for 48 h. This is due to the excellent interfacial interaction among Pd, CeO2, and OLC, evidenced by density functional theory (DFT) simulations that showed a modulated Pd d-band center and facile active oxygenated species formation by the CeO2 needed for ethanol fuel cells. Similarly, Pd-CeO2/OLC gives excellent sensitivity (0.00024 mA mM-1) and limit of detection (LoD = 8.7 mM) for ethanol sensing and satisfactory recoveries (89-108%) in commercial alcoholic beverages (i.e., human serum, Amstel beer, and Nederberg Wine). This study shows the excellent possibility of utilizing Pd-CeO2/OLC for future applications in fuel cells and alcohol sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimodo
J. Ogada
- School
of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
- School
of Physics, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
| | - Tobechukwu J. Ehirim
- School
of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
| | - Adewale K. Ipadeola
- School
of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
- Gas
Processing Center (GPC), College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
- Center
for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Aderemi B. Haruna
- School
of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
| | - Patrick V. Mwonga
- School
of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
| | | | - Xiao-Yu Yang
- School
of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
- State
Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and
Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Kamel Eid
- Gas
Processing Center (GPC), College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Daniel M. Wamwangi
- School
of Physics, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
| | - Kenneth I. Ozoemena
- School
of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Institute, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg 2050, South Africa
- State
Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and
Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
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Zeng X, Liao L, Yu Q, Wang M, Wang H. Theoretical Prediction of Electrocatalytic Reduction of CO 2 Using a 2D Catalyst Composed of 3 d Transition Metal and Hexaamine Dipyrazino Quinoxaline. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202302232. [PMID: 37583085 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202302232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Transition metals and organic ligands combine to form metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), which possess distinct active sites, large specific surface areas and stable porous structures, giving them considerable promise for CO2 reduction electrocatalysis. In the present study, using spin polarisation density-functional theory, a series of 2D MOFs constructed from 3d transition metal and hexamethylene dipyrazoline quinoxaline(HADQ) were investigated. The calculated binding energies between HADQ and metal atoms for the ten TM-HADQ monolayers were strong sufficient to stably disperse the metal atoms in the HADQ monolayers. Of the ten catalysts tested, seven (Sc, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ti, V and Cr) exhibited high CO2 reduction selectivity, while Mn, Fe and Co required pH values above 2.350, 6.461 and 6.363, respectively, to exhibit CO2 reduction selectivity. HCOOH was the most important producer for Sc, Zn, Ni and Mn, while CH4 was the main producer for Ti, Cr, Fe and V. Cu and Co were less selective, producing HCHO, CH3 OH, and CH4 simultaneously at the same rate-determining step and limiting potential. The Cu-HADQ catalyst had a high overpotential for the HCHO product (1.022 V), while the other catalysts had lower overpotentials between 0.016 V and 0.792 V. Thus, these results predict TM-HADQ to show excellent activity in CO2 electrocatalytic reduction and to become a promising electrocatalyst for CO2 reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianshi Zeng
- Institute for Advanced Study, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
- School of Physics and Materials Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Luliang Liao
- Institute for Advanced Study, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
- School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Xinyu University, Xinyu, 338004, China
| | - Qiming Yu
- Institute for Advanced Study, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
- School of Physics and Materials Science, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
| | - Meishan Wang
- School of Integrated Circuits, Ludong University, Yantai, 264025, China
| | - Hongming Wang
- Institute for Advanced Study, Nanchang University, Nanchang, 330031, China
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Ipadeola AK, Abdelgawad A, Salah B, Abdullah AM, Eid K. Interfacial Engineering of Porous Pd/M (M = Au, Cu, Mn) Sponge-like Nanocrystals with a Clean Surface for Enhanced Alkaline Electrochemical Oxidation of Ethanol. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:13830-13840. [PMID: 37724885 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
The interfacial engineering of Pd-based alloys (i.e., PdM with distinct morphologies, compositions, and strain defects) is an efficient way for enhanced catalytic activity; however, it remains a grand challenge to fabricate such alloys in aqueous solutions without heating, organic solvents, and multiple reaction steps. Herein, we present a simple, aqueous-phase, one-step, and ultrafast approach for the interfacial engineering of surfactant-free porous PdM (M = Cu, Au, and Mn) nanocrystals with well-controlled spongy-like morphology and compositions. The electronic interaction in PdM nanocrystals and their effect on the alkaline electrochemical ethanol oxidation reaction (EOR) are investigated using XRD, XPS, and electrochemical tests. Notably, integrating M metals into Pd atoms results in upshifting the d-band center of Pd and subsequently modulating the EOR activity and stability substantially. The EOR mass activity (10.78 A/mgPd (6.93 A/mgPdCu)) of PdCu was 1.83, 3.09, 4.51, and 53.90 times higher than those of AuPd (5.90 A/mgPd (3.27 A/mgAuPd)), PdMn (3.48 A/mgPd (3.19 A/mgPdMn)), Pd (2.39 A/mgPd), and Pd/C (0.20 A/mgPd), respectively, besides substantial durability after 1000 cycles. This is due to the porous two-dimensional morphology, a low synergetic effect, higher interfacial interaction, and greater active surface area of PdCu, besides a high Cu content with more oxophilicity that facilitates activation/dissociation of H2O to generate -OH species needed for quick EOR electrocatalysis. The electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) reveals better electrolyte/electrode interfacial interaction and lower charge transfer resistance on PdCu. The EOR activity of PdCu porous sponge-like nanocrystals was superior to all previously reported Pd-based alloys for electrochemical EOR. This study indicates that binary Pd-based catalysts with less synergetic effect are preferred for boosting the EOR activity, which could help in manipulating the surface properties of Pd-based alloys to optimize EOR performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adewale K Ipadeola
- Center for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
- Gas Processing Center(GPC), College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Ahmed Abdelgawad
- Gas Processing Center(GPC), College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Belal Salah
- Center for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
- Gas Processing Center(GPC), College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | | | - Kamel Eid
- Gas Processing Center(GPC), College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
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Salah B, Ipadeola AK, Abdullah AM, Ghanem A, Eid K. Self-Standing Pd-Based Nanostructures for Electrocatalytic CO Oxidation: Do Nanocatalyst Shape and Electrolyte pH Matter? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11832. [PMID: 37511591 PMCID: PMC10380336 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Tailoring the shape of Pd nanocrystals is one of the main ways to enhance catalytic activity; however, the effect of shapes and electrolyte pH on carbon monoxide oxidation (COOxid) is not highlighted enough. This article presents the controlled fabrication of Pd nanocrystals in different morphologies, including Pd nanosponge via the ice-cooling reduction of the Pd precursor using NaBH4 solution and Pd nanocube via ascorbic acid reduction at 25 °C. Both Pd nanosponge and Pd nanocube are self-standing and have a high surface area, uniform distribution, and clean surface. The electrocatalytic CO oxidation activity and durability of the Pd nanocube were significantly superior to those of Pd nanosponge and commercial Pd/C in only acidic (H2SO4) medium and the best among the three media, due to the multiple adsorption active sites, uniform distribution, and high surface area of the nanocube structure. However, Pd nanosponge had enhanced COOxid activity and stability in both alkaline (KOH) and neutral (NaHCO3) electrolytes than Pd nanocube and Pd/C, attributable to its low Pd-Pd interatomic distance and cleaner surface. The self-standing Pd nanosponge and Pd nanocube were more active than Pd/C in all electrolytes. Mainly, the COOxid current density of Pd nanocube in H2SO4 (5.92 mA/cm2) was nearly 3.6 times that in KOH (1.63 mA/cm2) and 10.3 times that in NaHCO3 (0.578 mA/cm2), owing to the greater charge mobility and better electrolyte-electrode interaction, as evidenced by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) analysis. Notably, this study confirmed that acidic electrolytes and Pd nanocube are highly preferred for promoting COOxid and may open new avenues for precluding CO poisoning in alcohol-based fuel cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belal Salah
- Center for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
- Gas Processing Center (GPC), College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Adewale K Ipadeola
- Center for Advanced Materials, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
- Gas Processing Center (GPC), College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | | | - Alaa Ghanem
- PVT-Lab, Production Department, Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute, Cairo 11727, Egypt
| | - Kamel Eid
- Gas Processing Center (GPC), College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
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Adegoke KA, Maxakato NW. Electrocatalytic CO2 conversion on metal-organic frameworks derivative electrocatalysts. J CO2 UTIL 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2023.102412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
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Lu Q, Abdelgawad A, Li J, Eid K. Non-Metal-Doped Porous Carbon Nitride Nanostructures for Photocatalytic Green Hydrogen Production. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315129. [PMID: 36499453 PMCID: PMC9735614 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Photocatalytic green hydrogen (H2) production through water electrolysis is deemed as green, efficient, and renewable fuel or energy carrier due to its great energy density and zero greenhouse emissions. However, developing efficient and low-cost noble-metal-free photocatalysts remains one of the daunting challenges in low-cost H2 production. Porous graphitic carbon nitride (gCN) nanostructures have drawn broad multidisciplinary attention as metal-free photocatalysts in the arena of H2 production and other environmental remediation. This is due to their impressive catalytic/photocatalytic properties (i.e., high surface area, narrow bandgap, and visible light absorption), unique physicochemical durability, tunable electronic properties, and feasibility to synthesize in high yield from inexpensive and earth-abundant resources. The physicochemical and photocatalytic properties of porous gCNs can be easily optimized via the integration of earth-abundant heteroatoms. Although there are various reviews on porous gCN-based photocatalysts for various applications, to the best of our knowledge, there are no reviews on heteroatom-doped porous gCN nanostructures for the photocatalytic H2 evolution reaction (HER). It is essential to provide timely updates in this research area to highlight the research related to fabrication of novel gCNs for large-scale applications and address the current barriers in this field. This review emphasizes a panorama of recent advances in the rational design of heteroatom (i.e., P, O, S, N, and B)-doped porous gCN nanostructures including mono, binary, and ternary dopants for photocatalytic HERs and their optimized parameters. This is in addition to H2 energy storage, non-metal configuration, HER fundamental, mechanism, and calculations. This review is expected to inspire a new research entryway to the fabrication of porous gCN-based photocatalysts with ameliorated activity and durability for practical H2 production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingqing Lu
- Engineering & Technology Center of Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Ahmed Abdelgawad
- Gas Processing Center (GPC), College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Jiaojiao Li
- Engineering & Technology Center of Electrochemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250353, China
| | - Kamel Eid
- Gas Processing Center (GPC), College of Engineering, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
- Correspondence:
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Pt-Based Nanostructures for Electrochemical Oxidation of CO: Unveiling the Effect of Shapes and Electrolytes. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315034. [PMID: 36499359 PMCID: PMC9737813 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Direct alcohol fuel cells are deemed as green and sustainable energy resources; however, CO-poisoning of Pt-based catalysts is a critical barrier to their commercialization. Thus, investigation of the electrochemical CO oxidation activity (COOxid) of Pt-based catalyst over pH ranges as a function of Pt-shape is necessary and is not yet reported. Herein, porous Pt nanodendrites (Pt NDs) were synthesized via the ultrasonic irradiation method, and its CO oxidation performance was benchmarked in different electrolytes relative to 1-D Pt chains nanostructure (Pt NCs) and commercial Pt/C catalyst under the same condition. This is a trial to confirm the effect of the size and shape of Pt as well as the pH of electrolytes on the COOxid. The COOxid activity and durability of Pt NDs are substantially superior to Pt NCs and Pt/C in HClO4, KOH, and NaHCO3 electrolytes, respectively, owing to the porous branched structure with a high surface area, which maximizes Pt utilization. Notably, the COOxid performance of Pt NPs in HClO4 is higher than that in NaHCO3, and KOH under the same reaction conditions. This study may open the way for understanding the COOxid activities of Pt-based catalysts and avoiding CO-poisoning in fuel cells.
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Ipadeola AK, Eid K, Abdullah AM, Al-Hajri RS, Ozoemena KI. Pd/Ni-metal-organic framework-derived porous carbon nanosheets for efficient CO oxidation over a wide pH range. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2022; 4:5044-5055. [PMID: 36504739 PMCID: PMC9680948 DOI: 10.1039/d2na00455k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Metal nanocrystal ornamented metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are of particular interest in multidisciplinary applications; however, their electrocatalytic CO oxidation performance over wide pH ranges is not yet reported. Herein, Ni-MOF-derived hierarchical porous carbon nanosheets (Ni-MOF/PC) with abundant Ni-N x sites decorated with Pd nanocrystals (Pd/Ni-MOF/PC) were synthesized by microwave-irradiation (MW-I) followed by annealing at 900 °C and subsequent etching of Ni-MOF/C prior to Pd deposition. The fabrication mechanism comprises the generation of self-reduced reducing gases from triethylamine during the annealing and selective chemical etching of Ni, thereby facilitating the reduction of Ni-anchored MOF and Pd nanocrystal deposition with the aid of ethylene glycol and MW-I to yield Pd/Ni-N x enriched MOF/PC. The synthetic strategies endear the Pd/Ni-MOF/PC with unique physicochemical merits: abundant defects, interconnected pores, high electrical conductivity, high surface area, Ni-deficient but more active sites for Pd/Ni-N x in porous carbon nanosheets, and synergism. These merits endowed the CO oxidation activity and stability on Pd/Ni-MOF/PC substantially than those of Pd/Ni-MOF/C and Pd/C catalysts in wide pH conditions (i.e., KOH, HClO4, and NaHCO3). The CO oxidation activity study reveals the utilization of MOF/PC with metal nanocrystals (Pd/Ni) in CO oxidation catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kamel Eid
- Gas Processing Center (GPC), College of Engineering, Qatar University Doha 2713 Qatar
| | | | - Rashid S Al-Hajri
- Petroleum and Chemical Engineering Department, Sultan Qaboos University Muscat Oman
| | - Kenneth I Ozoemena
- Molecular Sciences Institute, School of Chemistry, University of the Witwatersrand Private Bag 3, PO Wits Johannesburg 2050 South Africa
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