1
|
Xie X, Hu F, Zhou Y, Liu Z, Shen X, Fu J, Zhao X, Yu Z. Photoswitchable Oxidopyrylium Ylide for Photoclick Reaction with High Spatiotemporal Precision: A Dynamic Switching Strategy to Compensate for Molecular Diffusion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202300034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Xie
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Fuqiang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Yuqiao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Zhihao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Xin Shen
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Jielin Fu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Xiaohu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
| | - Zhipeng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry Sichuan University Chengdu 610064 China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Feng Y, Chang B, Ren Y, Zhao F, Wang KH, Wang J, Huang D, Lv X, Hu Y. Synthesis of trifluoromethylpyrrolopyrazole derivatives via [3+2] cycloaddition of trifluoromethyl N-acylhydrazones or trifluoroacetohydrazonoyl bromides with maleimides. Tetrahedron 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2023.133353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
|
3
|
Xie X, Hu F, Zhou Y, Liu Z, Shen X, Fu J, Zhao X, Yu Z. Photoswitchable Oxidopyrylium Ylide for Photoclick Reaction with High Spatiotemporal Precision: A Dynamic Switching Strategy to Compensate for Molecular Diffusion. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202300034. [PMID: 36825842 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202300034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
We describe a novel type of photoclick reaction between 2,3-diaryl indenone epoxide (DIO) and ring-strained dipolarophiles, in which DIO serves as a P-type photoswitch to produce mesoionic oxidopyrylium ylide (PY) to initiate an ultra-fast [5+2] cycloaddition (k2hν =1.9×105 M-1 s-1 ). The photoisomerization between DIO and PY can be tightly controlled by either 365 or 520 nm photo-stimulation, which allows reversion or regeneration of the reactive PY dipole on demand. Thus, this reversible photoactivation was exploited to increase the chemoselectivity of the [5+2] cycloaddition in complex environments via temporal dual-λ stimulation sequences and to recycle the DIO reagent for batch-wise protein conjugation. A dynamic photoswitching strategy is also proposed to compensate for molecular diffusion of PY in aqueous solution, enhancing the spatial resolution of lithographic surface decoration and bioorthogonal labeling on living cells via a spatiotemporal dual-λ photo-modulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Xie
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Fuqiang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Yuqiao Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Zhihao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Xin Shen
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Jielin Fu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Xiaohu Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| | - Zhipeng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Technology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Deepthi A, Acharjee N, Sruthi S, Meenakshy C. An overview of nitrile imine based [3+2] cycloadditions over half a decade. Tetrahedron 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2022.132812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
|
5
|
Abstract
The merging of click chemistry with discrete photochemical processes has led to the creation of a new class of click reactions, collectively known as photoclick chemistry. These light-triggered click reactions allow the synthesis of diverse organic structures in a rapid and precise manner under mild conditions. Because light offers unparalleled spatiotemporal control over the generation of the reactive intermediates, photoclick chemistry has become an indispensable tool for a wide range of spatially addressable applications including surface functionalization, polymer conjugation and cross-linking, and biomolecular labeling in the native cellular environment. Over the past decade, a growing number of photoclick reactions have been developed, especially those based on the 1,3-dipolar cycloadditions and Diels-Alder reactions owing to their excellent reaction kinetics, selectivity, and biocompatibility. This review summarizes the recent advances in the development of photoclick reactions and their applications in chemical biology and materials science. A particular emphasis is placed on the historical contexts and mechanistic insights into each of the selected reactions. The in-depth discussion presented here should stimulate further development of the field, including the design of new photoactivation modalities, the continuous expansion of λ-orthogonal tandem photoclick chemistry, and the innovative use of these unique tools in bioconjugation and nanomaterial synthesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gangam Srikanth Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, United States
| | - Qing Lin
- Department of Chemistry, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Livingstone K, Bertrand S, Kennedy AR, Jamieson C. Transition-Metal-Free Coupling of 1,3-Dipoles and Boronic Acids as a Sustainable Approach to C-C Bond Formation. Chemistry 2020; 26:10591-10597. [PMID: 32428258 PMCID: PMC7496359 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202001590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 05/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The need for alternative, complementary approaches to enable C-C bond formation within organic chemistry is an on-going challenge in the area. Of particular relevance are transformations that proceed in the absence of transition-metal reagents. In the current study, we report a comprehensive investigation of the coupling of nitrile imines and aryl boronic acids as an approach towards sustainable C-C bond formation. In situ generation of the highly reactive 1,3-dipole facilitates a Petasis-Mannich-type coupling via a nucleophilic boronate complex. The introduction of hydrazonyl chlorides as a complementary nitrile imine source to the 2,5-tetrazoles previously reported by our laboratory further broadens the scope of the approach. Additionally, we exemplify for the first time the extension of this protocol into another 1,3-dipole, through the synthesis of aryl ketone oximes from aryl boronic acids and nitrile N-oxides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keith Livingstone
- Department of Pure and Applied ChemistryUniversity of StrathclydeThomas Graham Building, 295 Cathedral StGlasgowG1 1XLUK
| | - Sophie Bertrand
- GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research CentreGunnels Wood RoadStevenageHertfordshireSG1 2NYUK
| | - Alan R. Kennedy
- Department of Pure and Applied ChemistryUniversity of StrathclydeThomas Graham Building, 295 Cathedral StGlasgowG1 1XLUK
| | - Craig Jamieson
- Department of Pure and Applied ChemistryUniversity of StrathclydeThomas Graham Building, 295 Cathedral StGlasgowG1 1XLUK
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
Photoactivation of tetrazoles to form nitrile imines primed for 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition reactions is of widespread utility in chemistry. In contrast, the corresponding thermal reactions usually possess prohibitively high barriers and have garnered significantly less attention. Here, computational chemistry at the M06-2X/6-31+G(d,p) level of theory with SMD solvent corrections is used to show that these thermal activation barriers can be significantly reduced through the use of nonconjugated charged functional groups (CFGs). For 2,5-dimethyl-tetrazole, a positive CFG on the N-methyl (2-position) lowers the fragmentation barrier by around 80 kJ mol-1 in the gas phase, while a negative charge has a smaller opposite effect. These CFG effects remain significant even in polar solvents, with barrier lowering on the order of 30 kJ mol-1 in dimethyl sulfoxide and acetonitrile. In practical terms, the positive CFG decreases the fragmentation half-life of 2,5-dimethyl-tetrazole in refluxing o-xylene from 300,000 years to 1 week. While the resulting nitrile imine is stabilized, its subsequent 1,3-cycloaddition with N-methylmaleimide remains highly facile. Electrostatic effects on a range of 2-phenyl-5-methyltetrazoles, 2-methyl-5-phenyl-tetrazoles, and 2,5-diphenyl-tetrazoles follow similar trends and are explicable largely in terms of the stabilization of the developing dipole in the transition state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Doan
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Benjamin B Noble
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Michelle L Coote
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, Research School of Chemistry, Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Delafresnaye L, Jung K, Boyer C, Barner-Kowollik C. Two colours of light drive PET–RAFT photoligation. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py01078b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
By fusing the realms of photopolymerisation and photoligation, our contribution exploits two orthogonal wavelengths of visible light to readily synthesise and functionalise well defined polymers from a unique dual functionality RAFT agent.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Delafresnaye
- Centre for Materials Science
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT)
- 4000 Brisbane
- Australia
- School of Chemistry and Physics
| | - Kenward Jung
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN)
- School of Chemical Engineering
- The University of New South Wales
- Sydney
- Australia
| | - Cyrille Boyer
- Centre for Advanced Macromolecular Design (CAMD) and Australian Centre for NanoMedicine (ACN)
- School of Chemical Engineering
- The University of New South Wales
- Sydney
- Australia
| | - Christopher Barner-Kowollik
- Centre for Materials Science
- Queensland University of Technology (QUT)
- 4000 Brisbane
- Australia
- School of Chemistry and Physics
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Livingstone K, Bertrand S, Mowat J, Jamieson C. Metal-free C-C bond formation via coupling of nitrile imines and boronic acids. Chem Sci 2019; 10:10412-10416. [PMID: 32110332 PMCID: PMC6988605 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc03032h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The challenges of developing sustainable methods of carbon-carbon bond formation remains a topic of considerable importance in synthetic chemistry. Capitalizing on the highly reactive nature of the nitrile imine 1,3-dipole, we have developed a novel metal-free coupling of this species with aryl boronic acids. Photochemical generation of a nitrile imine intermediate and trapping with a palette of boronic acids enabled rapid and facile access to a broad library of more than 25 hydrazone derivatives in up to 92% yield, forming a carbon-carbon bond in a metal free fashion. This represents the first reported example of direct reaction between boronic acids and a 1,3-dipole.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Keith Livingstone
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry , University of Strathclyde , 295 Cathedral St , Glasgow G1 1XL , UK .
| | - Sophie Bertrand
- GlaxoSmithKline Medicines Research Centre , Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage , Hertfordshire SG1 2NY , UK
| | - Jenna Mowat
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry , University of Strathclyde , 295 Cathedral St , Glasgow G1 1XL , UK .
| | - Craig Jamieson
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry , University of Strathclyde , 295 Cathedral St , Glasgow G1 1XL , UK .
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Lamping S, Buten C, Ravoo BJ. Functionalization and Patterning of Self-Assembled Monolayers and Polymer Brushes Using Microcontact Chemistry. Acc Chem Res 2019; 52:1336-1346. [PMID: 30969751 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.9b00041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Because the surface connects a material to its environment, the functionalization, modification, and patterning of surfaces is key to a wide range of materials applied in microelectronics, displays, sensing, microarrays, photovoltaics, catalysis, and other fields. Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs), which can be deposited on a wide range of inorganic materials, are only a few nanometers thick, yet they can radically change the properties of the resulting interface. Alternatively, thin polymer films composed of polymer brushes grown from the surface provide a more robust molecular modification of inorganic materials. For many applications, patterned SAMs or polymer brushes are desired. Over the past decade, our group has shown that both SAMs as well as polymer brushes can be patterned very efficiently using microcontact printing. In microcontact printing, a molecular "ink" is deposited on a suitable substrate using a microstructured elastomer stamp, which delivers the ink exclusively in the area of contact between stamp and substrate. In contrast to most types of lithography, microcontact printing does not require expensive equipment. Our work has shown that "microcontact chemistry" is a powerful additive surface patterning method, in which molecular inks react with a precursor SAM during printing so that surfaces can be modified with various orthogonal functional groups or molecular recognition sites in microscale patterns. Functional groups include reactive groups for click chemistry or photochemistry and initiators for radical polymerization. Molecular recognition sites include host-guest chemistry as well as biochemical ligands such as carbohydrates and biotin. In this Account, we present an overview of our research in this area including selected examples of work by other groups. In the first part, we review our work on the patterning of SAMs using microcontact chemistry, with a focus on click chemistry and photochemistry. We will show how cycloadditions, thiol-ene reactions, and tetrazole chemistry can be used to obtain versatile surface patterns. In the second part, we demonstrate that microcontact chemistry can be used to pattern polymer brushes. Among others, initiators for surface-induced nitroxide-mediated polymerization and atom transfer polymerization were printed and used to grow patterned polymer brushes with molecular recognition groups suitable for responsive surface adhesion. In the third part, we describe how SAMs and polymer brushes can be printed on microparticles instead of flat substrates so that Janus particles with functional patches can be obtained. Finally, we present a brief outlook on further developments expected in this field.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Lamping
- Center for Soft Nanoscience and Organic Chemistry Institute, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Busso-Peus-Strasse 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Christoph Buten
- Center for Soft Nanoscience and Organic Chemistry Institute, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Busso-Peus-Strasse 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bart Jan Ravoo
- Center for Soft Nanoscience and Organic Chemistry Institute, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Busso-Peus-Strasse 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wu Y, Guo G, Zheng J, Xing D, Zhang T. Fluorogenic "Photoclick" Labeling and Imaging of DNA with Coumarin-Fused Tetrazole in Vivo. ACS Sens 2019; 4:44-51. [PMID: 30540170 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.8b00565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Photoclickable fluorogenic probes will enable visualization of specific biomolecules with precise spatiotemporal control in their native environment. However, the fluorogenic tagging of DNA with current photocontrolled clickable probes is still challenging. Herein, we demonstrated the fast (19.5 ± 2.5 M-1 s-1) fluorogenic labeling and imaging of DNA in vitro and in vivo with rationally designed coumarin-fused tetrazoles under UV LED photoirradiation. With a water-soluble, nuclear-specific coumarin-fused tetrazole (CTz-SO3), the metabolically synthesized DNA in cultured cells was effectively labeled and visualized, without fixation, via "photoclick" reaction. Moreover, the photoclickable CTz-SO3 enabled real-time, spatially controlled imaging of DNA in live zebrafish.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yunxia Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, P. R. China
| | - Guanlun Guo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Automotive Components & Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Automotive Components Technology, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, P. R. China
| | - Judun Zheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, P. R. China
| | - Da Xing
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, P. R. China
| | - Tao Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Laser Life Science & Institute of Laser Life Science, College of Biophotonics, South China Normal University, Guangzhou 510631, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
|
13
|
Buten C, Lamping S, Körsgen M, Arlinghaus HF, Jamieson C, Ravoo BJ. Surface Functionalization with Carboxylic Acids by Photochemical Microcontact Printing and Tetrazole Chemistry. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:2132-2138. [PMID: 29334733 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b03678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we show that carboxylic acid-functionalized molecules can be patterned by photochemical microcontact printing on tetrazole-terminated self-assembled monolayers. Upon irradiation, tetrazoles eliminate nitrogen to form highly reactive nitrile imines, which can be ligated with several different nucleophiles, carboxylic acids being the most reactive. As a proof of concept, we immobilized trifluoroacetic acid to monitor the reaction with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Moreover, we also immobilized peptides and fabricated carbohydrate-lectin as well as biotin-streptavidin microarrays using this method. Surface-patterning was demonstrated by fluorescence microscopy and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Buten
- Organic-Chemistry Institute and Center for Soft Nanoscience, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Sebastian Lamping
- Organic-Chemistry Institute and Center for Soft Nanoscience, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Martin Körsgen
- Physics Institute, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Heinrich F Arlinghaus
- Physics Institute, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Wilhelm-Klemm-Straße 10, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Craig Jamieson
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde , 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, U.K
| | - Bart Jan Ravoo
- Organic-Chemistry Institute and Center for Soft Nanoscience, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster , Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ostrovskii V, Popova E, Trifonov R. Developments in Tetrazole Chemistry (2009–16). ADVANCES IN HETEROCYCLIC CHEMISTRY 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.aihch.2016.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
|