1
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Lee D, Lee J, Kim W, Suh Y, Park J, Kim S, Kim Y, Kwon S, Jeong S. Systematic Selection of High-Affinity ssDNA Sequences to Carbon Nanotubes. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024:e2308915. [PMID: 38932669 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202308915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) have gained significant interest for their potential in biomedicine and nanoelectronics. The functionalization of SWCNTs with single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) enables the precise control of SWCNT alignment and the development of optical and electronic biosensors. This study addresses the current gaps in the field by employing high-throughput systematic selection, enriching high-affinity ssDNA sequences from a vast random library. Specific base compositions and patterns are identified that govern the binding affinity between ssDNA and SWCNTs. Molecular dynamics simulations validate the stability of ssDNA conformations on SWCNTs and reveal the pivotal role of hydrogen bonds in this interaction. Additionally, it is demonstrated that machine learning could accurately distinguish high-affinity ssDNA sequences, providing an accessible model on a dedicated webpage (http://service.k-medai.com/ssdna4cnt). These findings open new avenues for high-affinity ssDNA-SWCNT constructs for stable and sensitive molecular detection across diverse scientific disciplines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dakyeon Lee
- School of Biomedical Convergence Engineering, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaekang Lee
- School of Biomedical Convergence Engineering, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Woojin Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kookmin University, Seoul, 02707, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeongjoo Suh
- School of Biomedical Convergence Engineering, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Jiwoo Park
- School of Biomedical Convergence Engineering, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungjee Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang, 37673, Republic of Korea
| | - YongJoo Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunyoung Kwon
- School of Biomedical Convergence Engineering, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
- Center for Artificial Intelligence Research, Pusan National University, Busan, 46241, Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghwa Jeong
- School of Biomedical Convergence Engineering, Pusan National University, Yangsan, 50612, Republic of Korea
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2
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Settele S, Schrage CA, Jung S, Michel E, Li H, Flavel BS, Hashmi ASK, Kruss S, Zaumseil J. Ratiometric fluorescent sensing of pyrophosphate with sp³-functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes. Nat Commun 2024; 15:706. [PMID: 38267487 PMCID: PMC10808354 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45052-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Inorganic pyrophosphate is a key molecule in many biological processes from DNA synthesis to cell metabolism. Here we introduce sp3-functionalized (6,5) single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) with red-shifted defect emission as near-infrared luminescent probes for the optical detection and quantification of inorganic pyrophosphate. The sensing scheme is based on the immobilization of Cu2+ ions on the SWNT surface promoted by coordination to covalently attached aryl alkyne groups and a triazole complex. The presence of Cu2+ ions on the SWNT surface causes fluorescence quenching via photoinduced electron transfer, which is reversed by copper-complexing analytes such as pyrophosphate. The differences in the fluorescence response of sp3-defect to pristine nanotube emission enables reproducible ratiometric measurements in a wide concentration window. Biocompatible, phospholipid-polyethylene glycol-coated SWNTs with such sp3 defects are employed for the detection of pyrophosphate in cell lysate and for monitoring the progress of DNA synthesis in a polymerase chain reaction. This robust ratiometric and near-infrared luminescent probe for pyrophosphate may serve as a starting point for the rational design of nanotube-based biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Settele
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, D-69120, Germany
| | - C Alexander Schrage
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, D-44801, Germany
| | - Sebastian Jung
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, D-44801, Germany
| | - Elena Michel
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, D-69120, Germany
| | - Han Li
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Kaiserstrasse 12, Karlsruhe, D-76131, Germany
- Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Turku, Turku, FI-20014, Finland
| | - Benjamin S Flavel
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Kaiserstrasse 12, Karlsruhe, D-76131, Germany
| | - A Stephen K Hashmi
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, D-69120, Germany
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sebastian Kruss
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, D-44801, Germany.
- Biomedical Nanosensors, Fraunhofer Institute for Microelectronic Circuits and Systems, Duisburg, D-47057, Germany.
| | - Jana Zaumseil
- Institute for Physical Chemistry, Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, D-69120, Germany.
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3
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Influence of the chemical structure of aromatic dispersants on the dispersion of carbon nanotubes. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2023.131081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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4
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Li H, Gordeev G, Garrity O, Peyyety NA, Selvasundaram PB, Dehm S, Krupke R, Cambré S, Wenseleers W, Reich S, Zheng M, Fagan JA, Flavel BS. Separation of Specific Single-Enantiomer Single-Wall Carbon Nanotubes in the Large-Diameter Regime. ACS NANO 2020; 14:948-963. [PMID: 31742998 PMCID: PMC6994058 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b08244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The enantiomer-level isolation of single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) in high concentration and with high purity for nanotubes greater than 1.1 nm in diameter is demonstrated using a two-stage aqueous two-phase extraction (ATPE) technique. In total, five different nanotube species of ∼1.41 nm diameter are isolated, including both metallics and semiconductors. We characterize these populations by absorbance spectroscopy, circular dichroism spectroscopy, resonance Raman spectroscopy, and photoluminescence mapping, revealing and substantiating mod-dependent optical dependencies. Using knowledge of the competitive adsorption of surfactants to the SWCNTs that controls partitioning within the ATPE separation, we describe an advanced acid addition methodology that enables the fine control of the separation of these select nanotubes. Furthermore, we show that endohedral filling is a previously unrecognized but important factor to ensure a homogeneous starting material and further enhance the separation yield, with the best results for alkane-filled SWCNTs, followed by empty SWCNTs, with the intrinsic inhomogeneity of water-filled SWCNTs causing them to be worse for separations. Lastly, we demonstrate the potential use of these nanotubes in field-effect transistors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Li
- Institute
of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of
Technology, Karlsruhe 76021, Germany
| | - Georgy Gordeev
- Department
of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Oisin Garrity
- Department
of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Naga Anirudh Peyyety
- Institute
of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of
Technology, Karlsruhe 76021, Germany
- Institute
of Materials Science, Technische Universität
Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64287, Germany
| | - Pranauv Balaji Selvasundaram
- Institute
of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of
Technology, Karlsruhe 76021, Germany
- Institute
of Materials Science, Technische Universität
Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64287, Germany
| | - Simone Dehm
- Institute
of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of
Technology, Karlsruhe 76021, Germany
| | - Ralph Krupke
- Institute
of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of
Technology, Karlsruhe 76021, Germany
- Institute
of Materials Science, Technische Universität
Darmstadt, Darmstadt 64287, Germany
| | - Sofie Cambré
- Physics
Department, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2020, Belgium
| | - Wim Wenseleers
- Physics
Department, University of Antwerp, Antwerp 2020, Belgium
| | - Stephanie Reich
- Department
of Physics, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Ming Zheng
- Materials
Science and Engineering Division, National
Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Jeffrey A. Fagan
- Materials
Science and Engineering Division, National
Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Benjamin S. Flavel
- Institute
of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of
Technology, Karlsruhe 76021, Germany
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5
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Gillen AJ, Siefman DJ, Wu SJ, Bourmaud C, Lambert B, Boghossian AA. Templating colloidal sieves for tuning nanotube surface interactions and optical sensor responses. J Colloid Interface Sci 2019; 565:55-62. [PMID: 31931299 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2019.12.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 12/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Surfactants offer a tunable approach for modulating the exposed surface area of a nanoparticle. They further present a scalable and cost-effective means for suspending single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), which have demonstrated practical use as fluorescence sensors. Though surfactant suspensions show record quantum yields for SWCNTs in aqueous solutions, they lack the selectivity that is vital for optical sensing. We present a new method for controlling the selectivity of optical SWCNT sensors through colloidal templating of the exposed surface area. Colloidal nanotube sensors were obtained using various concentrations of sodium cholate, and their performances were compared to DNA-SWCNT optical sensors. Sensor responses were measured against a library of bioanalytes, including neurotransmitters, amino acids, and sugars. We report an intensity response towards dopamine and serotonin for all sodium cholate-suspended SWCNT concentrations. We further identify a selective, 14.1 nm and 10.3 nm wavelength red-shifting response to serotonin for SWCNTs suspended in 1.5 and 0.5 mM sodium cholate, respectively. Through controlled, adsorption-based tuning of the nanotube surface, this study demonstrates the applicability of sub-critical colloidal suspensions to achieve selectivities exceeding those previously reported for DNA-SWCNT sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice J Gillen
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Daniel J Siefman
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland; Institute of Physics (IPHYS), École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Shang-Jung Wu
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Claire Bourmaud
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Benjamin Lambert
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland
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6
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Gillen AJ, Boghossian AA. Non-covalent Methods of Engineering Optical Sensors Based on Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes. Front Chem 2019; 7:612. [PMID: 31616652 PMCID: PMC6763700 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2019.00612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Optical sensors based on single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) demonstrate tradeoffs that limit their use in in vivo and in vitro environments. Sensor characteristics are primarily governed by the non-covalent wrapping used to suspend the hydrophobic SWCNTs in aqueous solutions, and we herein review the advantages and disadvantages of several of these different wrappings. Sensors based on surfactant wrappings can show enhanced quantum efficiency, high stability, scalability, and diminished selectivity. Conversely, sensors based on synthetic and bio-polymer wrappings tend to show lower quantum efficiency, stability, and scalability, while demonstrating improved selectivity. Major efforts have focused on optimizing sensors based on DNA wrappings, which have intermediate properties that can be improved through synthetic modifications. Although SWCNT sensors have, to date, been mainly engineered using empirical approaches, herein we highlight alternative techniques based on iterative screening that offer a more guided approach to tuning sensor properties. These more rational techniques can yield new combinations that incorporate the advantages of the diverse nanotube wrappings available to create high performance optical sensors.
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7
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Dunakey SJG, Coyle BL, Thomas A, Xu M, Swift BJF, Baneyx F. Selective Labeling and Decoration of the Ends and Sidewalls of Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes Using Mono- and Bispecific Solid-Binding Fluorescent Proteins. Bioconjug Chem 2019; 30:959-965. [PMID: 30816696 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Simple and robust strategies for the noncovalent functionalization of carbon nanostructures with proteins are of considerable interest in hybrid nanomaterials synthesis, part-to-part assembly, and biosensor development. Here, we show that fusion of the Car9 and Car15 carbon-binding peptides to the C-termini of the sfGFP and mCherry fluorescent proteins enables selective labeling of the ends or the sidewalls of single walled carbon nanotubes. By installing a gold-binding peptide or a single cysteine residue in carbon-binding variants of sfGFP, we further produce heterobifunctional solid-binding proteins that support the decoration of nanotubes sidewalls or termini with gold nanoparticles. The approach described here is generic and should prove useful for the controlled assembly of other hybrid materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja J G Dunakey
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Washington , Box 351750, Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Brandon L Coyle
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Washington , Box 351750, Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Alexander Thomas
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Washington , Box 351750, Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Meng Xu
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Washington , Box 351750, Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - Brian J F Swift
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Washington , Box 351750, Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
| | - François Baneyx
- Department of Chemical Engineering , University of Washington , Box 351750, Seattle , Washington 98195 , United States
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8
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Wu SJ, Schuergers N, Lin KH, Gillen AJ, Corminboeuf C, Boghossian AA. Restriction Enzyme Analysis of Double-Stranded DNA on Pristine Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:37386-37395. [PMID: 30277379 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b12287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Nanoprobes such as single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) are capable of label-free detection that benefits from intrinsic and photostable near-infrared fluorescence. Despite the growing number of SWCNT-based applications, uncertainty surrounding the nature of double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) immobilization on pristine SWCNTs has limited their use as optical sensors for probing DNA-protein interactions. To address this limitation, we study enzyme activity on unmodified dsDNA strands immobilized on pristine SWCNTs. Restriction enzyme activity on various dsDNA sequences was used to verify the retention of the dsDNA's native conformation on the nanotube surface and to quantitatively compare the degree of dsDNA accessibility. We report a 2.8-fold enhancement in initial enzyme activity in the presence of surfactants. Förster resonance electron transfer (FRET) analysis attributes this enhancement to increased dsDNA displacement from the SWCNT surface. Furthermore, the accessibility of native dsDNA was found to vary with DNA configuration and the spacing between the restriction site and the nanotube surface, with a minimum spacing of four base pairs (bp) from the anchoring site needed to preserve enzyme activity. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations verify that the anchored dsDNA remains within the vicinity of the SWCNT, revealing an unprecedented bimodal displacement of the bp nearest to SWCNT surface. Together, these findings illustrate the successful immobilization of native dsDNA on pristine SWCNTs, offering a new near-infrared platform for exploring vital DNA processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Jung Wu
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering (ISIC) , École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Lausanne CH-1015 , Switzerland
| | - Nils Schuergers
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering (ISIC) , École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Lausanne CH-1015 , Switzerland
| | - Kun-Han Lin
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering (ISIC) , École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Lausanne CH-1015 , Switzerland
| | - Alice J Gillen
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering (ISIC) , École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Lausanne CH-1015 , Switzerland
| | - Clémence Corminboeuf
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering (ISIC) , École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Lausanne CH-1015 , Switzerland
| | - Ardemis A Boghossian
- Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering (ISIC) , École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) , Lausanne CH-1015 , Switzerland
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9
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Zhou L, Liu X, Li H. Release of Retained Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes in Gels. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:12224-12232. [PMID: 30217110 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b02403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The separation of single-chirality, even-enantiomeric single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) has been well established using gel permeation chromatography. Successful SWCNTs separation has been considered to be the selective adsorption and desorption of specific SWCNTs on the porous sites of Sephacryl gels. This work reports two nonspecific releases of SWCNTs retained on Sephacryl gels: (1) a considerable number of SWCNTs were eluted using a low-concentration SDS condition solution (0.5 wt %) from the gels exclusively eluted with a high-concentration SDS eluting solution (5 wt %) after being stocked overnight and (2) the retained SWCNTs in Sephacryl gels can be eluted using a low-concentration SDS condition solution (0.5 wt %) after being stocked overnight without any treatments. Inspired by extracellular matrix systems, these releases are attributed to the strain-induced gel relaxation. The roles of surfactants, especially SDS, in the retention and release of SWCNTs on Sephacryl gels were discussed on the basis of spectral dilution and titration experiments using single-chirality (6,5) SWCNT as the probe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Zhou
- Atom Optoelectronics , 440 Hindry Avenue, Unit E , Inglewood , California 90301 , United States
| | - Xiaofeng Liu
- Atom Optoelectronics , 440 Hindry Avenue, Unit E , Inglewood , California 90301 , United States
| | - Huaping Li
- Atom Optoelectronics , 440 Hindry Avenue, Unit E , Inglewood , California 90301 , United States
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10
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Alzaid M, Roth J, Wang Y, Almutairi E, Brown SL, Dumitrică T, Hobbie EK. Enhancing the Elasticity of Ultrathin Single-Wall Carbon Nanotube Films with Colloidal Nanocrystals. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:7889-7895. [PMID: 28742968 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b01988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Thin bilayers of contrasting nanomaterials are ubiquitous in solution-processed electronic devices and have potential relevance to a number of applications in flexible electronics. Motivated by recent mesoscopic simulations demonstrating synergistic mechanical interactions between thin films of single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) and spherical nanocrystal (NC) inclusions, we use a thin-film wrinkling approach to query the compressive mechanics of hybrid nanotube/nanocrystal coatings adhered to soft polymer substrates. Our results show an almost 2-fold enhancement in the Young modulus of a sufficiently thin SWCNT film associated with the presence of a thin interpenetrating overlayer of semiconductor NCs. Mesoscopic distinct-element method simulations further support the experimental findings by showing that the additional noncovalent interfaces introduced by nanocrystals enhance the modulus of the SWCNT network and hinder network wrinkling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meshal Alzaid
- North Dakota State University , Fargo, North Dakota 58108, United States
| | - Joseph Roth
- North Dakota State University , Fargo, North Dakota 58108, United States
| | - Yuezhou Wang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota Twin Cities , Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Eid Almutairi
- North Dakota State University , Fargo, North Dakota 58108, United States
| | - Samuel L Brown
- North Dakota State University , Fargo, North Dakota 58108, United States
| | - Traian Dumitrică
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota Twin Cities , Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Erik K Hobbie
- North Dakota State University , Fargo, North Dakota 58108, United States
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11
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Delport G, Orcin-Chaix L, Campidelli S, Voisin C, Lauret JS. Controlling the kinetics of the non-covalent functionalization of carbon nanotubes using sub-cmc dilutions in a co-surfactant environment. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:2646-2651. [PMID: 28155947 DOI: 10.1039/c6nr08942a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the origin of the slow kinetics of functionalization processes in micellar environments. We show that the ionic nature of the surfactants used to solubilize small molecules and nano-objects plays a central role in the slowness of the kinetics. In order to solve this issue, we have developed an innovative method that we apply to the hybrid compound porphyrin molecule/carbon nanotube. We use two ionic surfactants to solubilize the molecules and the nanotubes respectively. Passing the molecule suspension below the cmc allows circumventing the stability of the ionic surfactant while keeping the benefit of working with highly concentrated solutions. This method allows fine control of the functionalization reaction and tuning of the kinetics characteristic time over more than two orders of magnitude.
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Affiliation(s)
- Géraud Delport
- Laboratoire Aimé Cotton, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, ENS Cachan, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France.
| | - Lucile Orcin-Chaix
- Laboratoire Aimé Cotton, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, ENS Cachan, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France. and LICSEN, NIMBE, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Stéphane Campidelli
- LICSEN, NIMBE, CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | - Christophe Voisin
- Laboratoire Pierre Aigrain, Ecole Normale Supérieure, CNRS, UPMC, Université Paris Diderot, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Sébastien Lauret
- Laboratoire Aimé Cotton, CNRS, Univ. Paris-Sud, ENS Cachan, Université Paris-Saclay, 91405 Orsay Cedex, France.
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