1
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Trallero J, Camacho M, Marín-García M, Álvarez-Marimon E, Benseny-Cases N, Barnadas-Rodríguez R. Properties and cellular uptake of photo-triggered mixed metallosurfactant vesicles intended for controlled CO delivery in gas therapy. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 228:113422. [PMID: 37356136 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
The scientific relevance of carbon monoxide has increased since it was discovered that it is a gasotransmitter involved in several biological processes. This fact stimulated research to find a secure and targeted delivery and lead to the synthesis of CO-releasing molecules. In this paper we present a vesicular CO delivery system triggered by light composed of a synthetized metallosurfactant (TCOL10) with two long carbon chains and a molybdenum-carbonyl complex. We studied the characteristics of mixed TCOL10/phosphatidylcholine metallosomes of different sizes. Vesicles from 80 to 800 nm in diameter are mainly unilamellar, do not disaggregate upon dilution, in the dark are physically and chemically stable at 4 °C for at least one month, and exhibit a lag phase of about 4 days before they show a spontaneous CO release at 37 °C. Internalization of metallosomes by cells was studied as function of the incubation time, and vesicle concentration and size. Results show that large vesicles are more efficiently internalized than the smaller ones in terms of the percentage of cells that show TCOL10 and the amount of drug that they take up. On balance, TCOL10 metallosomes constitute a promising and viable approach for efficient delivery of CO to biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Trallero
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Biophysics Unit/Center for Biophysical Studies, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Mercedes Camacho
- Institut de Recerca de l'Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau - Centre CERCA, Genomics of Complex Diseases, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Maribel Marín-García
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Biophysics Unit/Center for Biophysical Studies, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Elena Álvarez-Marimon
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Biophysics Unit/Center for Biophysical Studies, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain
| | - Núria Benseny-Cases
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Biophysics Unit/Center for Biophysical Studies, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain; Consorcio para la Construcción Equipamiento y Explotacion del Laboratorio de Luz Sincrotron, ALBA Synchrotron Light Source, 08290 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia, Spain.
| | - Ramon Barnadas-Rodríguez
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Biophysics Unit/Center for Biophysical Studies, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, 08193 Cerdanyola del Vallès, Spain.
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2
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Lu D, Fatehi P. Interaction of deformable solid and hollow particles with rough surface morphology in colloidal systems. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 630:497-510. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.10.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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3
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Lu T, Liese S, Schoenmakers L, Weber CA, Suzuki H, Huck WTS, Spruijt E. Endocytosis of Coacervates into Liposomes. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:13451-13455. [PMID: 35878395 PMCID: PMC9354246 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c04096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Recent studies have shown that the interactions between condensates and biological membranes are of functional importance. Here, we study how the interaction between complex coacervates and liposomes as model systems can lead to wetting, membrane deformation, and endocytosis. Depending on the interaction strength between coacervates and liposomes, the wetting behavior ranged from nonwetting to engulfment (endocytosis) and complete wetting. Endocytosis of coacervates was found to be a general phenomenon: coacervates made from a wide range of components could be taken up by liposomes. A simple theory taking into account surface energies and coacervate sizes can explain the observed morphologies. Our findings can help to better understand condensate-membrane interactions in cellular systems and provide new avenues for intracellular delivery using coacervates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiemei Lu
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Susanne Liese
- Institute of Physics, University of Augsburg, Universitätsstraße 1, 86159 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Ludo Schoenmakers
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Christoph A Weber
- Institute of Physics, University of Augsburg, Universitätsstraße 1, 86159 Augsburg, Germany
| | - Hiroaki Suzuki
- Department of Precision Mechanics, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Chuo University, Tokyo 112-8551, Japan
| | - Wilhelm T S Huck
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Evan Spruijt
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, 6525 AJ, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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4
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Scotti A, Schulte MF, Lopez CG, Crassous JJ, Bochenek S, Richtering W. How Softness Matters in Soft Nanogels and Nanogel Assemblies. Chem Rev 2022; 122:11675-11700. [PMID: 35671377 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Softness plays a key role in determining the macroscopic properties of colloidal systems, from synthetic nanogels to biological macromolecules, from viruses to star polymers. However, we are missing a way to quantify what the term "softness" means in nanoscience. Having quantitative parameters is fundamental to compare different systems and understand what the consequences of softness on the macroscopic properties are. Here, we propose different quantities that can be measured using scattering methods and microscopy experiments. On the basis of these quantities, we review the recent literature on micro- and nanogels, i.e. cross-linked polymer networks swollen in water, a widely used model system for soft colloids. Applying our criteria, we address the question what makes a nanomaterial soft? We discuss and introduce general criteria to quantify the different definitions of softness for an individual compressible colloid. This is done in terms of the energetic cost associated with the deformation and the capability of the colloid to isotropically deswell. Then, concentrated solutions of soft colloids are considered. New definitions of softness and new parameters, which depend on the particle-to-particle interactions, are introduced in terms of faceting and interpenetration. The influence of the different synthetic routes on the softness of nanogels is discussed. Concentrated solutions of nanogels are considered and we review the recent results in the literature concerning the phase behavior and flow properties of nanogels both in three and two dimensions, in the light of the different parameters we defined. The aim of this review is to look at the results on micro- and nanogels in a more quantitative way that allow us to explain the reported properties in terms of differences in colloidal softness. Furthermore, this review can give researchers dealing with soft colloids quantitative methods to define unambiguously which softness matters in their compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Scotti
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 2, 52056 Aachen, Germany, European Union
| | - M Friederike Schulte
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 2, 52056 Aachen, Germany, European Union
| | - Carlos G Lopez
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 2, 52056 Aachen, Germany, European Union
| | - Jérôme J Crassous
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 2, 52056 Aachen, Germany, European Union
| | - Steffen Bochenek
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 2, 52056 Aachen, Germany, European Union
| | - Walter Richtering
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Landoltweg 2, 52056 Aachen, Germany, European Union
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5
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Agostinelli D, Elfring GJ, Bacca M. The morphological role of ligand inhibitors in blocking receptor- and clathrin-mediated endocytosis. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:3531-3545. [PMID: 35445221 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm01710a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cells often internalize particles through endocytic pathways that involve the binding between cell receptors and particle ligands, which drives the cell membrane to wrap the particle into a delivery vesicle. Previous findings showed that receptor-mediated endocytosis is impossible for spherical particles smaller than a minimum size because of the energy barrier created by membrane bending. In this study, we investigate the morphological role of ligand inhibitors in blocking endocytosis, inspired by antibodies that inhibit virus ligands to prevent infection. While ligand inhibitors have the obvious effect of reducing the driving force due to adhesion, they also have a nontrivial (morphological) impact on the entropic and elastic energy of the system. We determine the necessary conditions for endocytosis by considering the additional energy barrier due to the membrane bending to wrap the inhibiting protrusions. We find that inhibitors increase the minimum radius previously reported, depending on their density and size. In addition, we extend this result to the case of clathrin-mediated endocytosis, which is the most common pathway for virus entry. The assembly of a clathrin coat with a spontaneous curvature increases the energy barrier and sets a maximum particle size (in agreement with experimental observations on spherical particles). Our investigation suggests that morphological considerations can inform the optimal design of neutralizing viral antibodies and new strategies for targeted nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Agostinelli
- Mechanical Engineering Department, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Institute of Applied Mathematics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
| | - Gwynn J Elfring
- Mechanical Engineering Department, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Institute of Applied Mathematics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
| | - Mattia Bacca
- Mechanical Engineering Department, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
- Institute of Applied Mathematics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada.
- School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada
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6
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Norling K, Sjöberg M, Bally M, Zhdanov VP, Parveen N, Höök F. Dissimilar Deformation of Fluid- and Gel-Phase Liposomes upon Multivalent Interaction with Cell Membrane Mimics Revealed Using Dual-Wavelength Surface Plasmon Resonance. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:2550-2560. [PMID: 35156833 PMCID: PMC8892953 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c03096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The mechanical properties of biological nanoparticles play a crucial role in their interaction with the cellular membrane, in particular for cellular uptake. This has significant implications for the design of pharmaceutical carrier particles. In this context, liposomes have become increasingly popular, among other reasons due to their customizability and easily varied physicochemical properties. With currently available methods, it is, however, not trivial to characterize the mechanical properties of nanoscopic liposomes especially with respect to the level of deformation induced upon their ligand-receptor-mediated interaction with laterally fluid cellular membranes. Here, we utilize the sensitivity of dual-wavelength surface plasmon resonance to probe the size and shape of bound liposomes (∼100 nm in diameter) as a means to quantify receptor-induced deformation during their interaction with a supported cell membrane mimic. By comparing biotinylated liposomes in gel and fluid phases, we demonstrate that fluid-phase liposomes are more prone to deformation than their gel-phase counterparts upon binding to the cell membrane mimic and that, as expected, the degree of deformation depends on the number of ligand-receptor pairs that are engaged in the multivalent binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Norling
- Division
of Nano and Biophysics, Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Mattias Sjöberg
- Division
of Nano and Biophysics, Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Marta Bally
- Department
of Clinical Microbiology, Umeå University, 901 85 Umeå, Sweden
- Wallenberg
Centre for Molecular Medicine, Umeå
University, 901 85 Umeå, Sweden
| | - Vladimir P. Zhdanov
- Division
of Nano and Biophysics, Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Boreskov
Institute of Catalysis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Nagma Parveen
- Division
of Nano and Biophysics, Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
- (N.P.)
| | - Fredrik Höök
- Division
of Nano and Biophysics, Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
- (F.H.)
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7
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Wang M, Yi X. Bulging-to-Budding Transition of Lipid Droplets Confined within Vesicle Membranes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:12867-12873. [PMID: 34709829 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c01835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LDs) are intracellular organelles that act as reservoirs for energy homeostasis and phospholipid balance between supply and consumption. In comparison with extensive studies on LD biogenesis from a biological viewpoint, little is known about the mechanical interaction between LDs and vesicles. Here we perform a systematic theoretical study on the budding and morphological evolution of an artificial LD embedded within the lipid membrane of a pressurized vesicle. It is found that LD bulging and budding depend on the bending rigidity and spontaneous curvature of the vesicle membrane, LD-vesicle interfacial interaction energy strength and size ratio, and osmotic pressure of the vesicle. Beyond critical interfacial interaction strength, the embedded LD undergoes a discontinuous shape transition from a lens-shaped bulge to a spherical protrusion connecting to the nearly spherical vesicle lumen via an infinitesimally small monolayer neck. Moreover, a positive monolayer spontaneous curvature promotes budding transition. As the vesicle becomes smaller, higher cost of the monolayer stretching energy is required for an LD to achieve budding transition. Budding phase diagrams distinguishing the embedded and budding states of the LD-vesicle complex accounting for osmotic pressure and interfacial interaction strength are established with the budding transition boundary displaying a nonmonotonic feature. Our results reveal how embedded LDs overcome soft membrane confinement and protrude, and provide fundamental insights into the clustering of nanoparticles between vesicle monolayers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xin Yi
- Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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8
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Raval J, Gongadze E, Benčina M, Junkar I, Rawat N, Mesarec L, Kralj-Iglič V, Góźdź W, Iglič A. Mechanical and Electrical Interaction of Biological Membranes with Nanoparticles and Nanostructured Surfaces. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:membranes11070533. [PMID: 34357183 PMCID: PMC8307671 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11070533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
In this review paper, we theoretically explain the origin of electrostatic interactions between lipid bilayers and charged solid surfaces using a statistical mechanics approach, where the orientational degree of freedom of lipid head groups and the orientational ordering of the water dipoles are considered. Within the modified Langevin Poisson–Boltzmann model of an electric double layer, we derived an analytical expression for the osmotic pressure between the planar zwitterionic lipid bilayer and charged solid planar surface. We also show that the electrostatic interaction between the zwitterionic lipid head groups of the proximal leaflet and the negatively charged solid surface is accompanied with a more perpendicular average orientation of the lipid head-groups. We further highlight the important role of the surfaces’ nanostructured topography in their interactions with biological material. As an example of nanostructured surfaces, we describe the synthesis of TiO2 nanotubular and octahedral surfaces by using the electrochemical anodization method and hydrothermal method, respectively. The physical and chemical properties of these nanostructured surfaces are described in order to elucidate the influence of the surface topography and other physical properties on the behavior of human cells adhered to TiO2 nanostructured surfaces. In the last part of the paper, we theoretically explain the interplay of elastic and adhesive contributions to the adsorption of lipid vesicles on the solid surfaces. We show the numerically predicted shapes of adhered lipid vesicles corresponding to the minimum of the membrane free energy to describe the influence of the vesicle size, bending modulus, and adhesion strength on the adhesion of lipid vesicles on solid charged surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeel Raval
- Group of Physical Chemistry of Complex Systems, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland; (J.R.); (W.G.)
| | - Ekaterina Gongadze
- Laboratory of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (E.G.); (N.R.); (L.M.)
| | - Metka Benčina
- Department of Surface Engineering and Optoelectronics, Jožef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (M.B.); (I.J.)
| | - Ita Junkar
- Department of Surface Engineering and Optoelectronics, Jožef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (M.B.); (I.J.)
| | - Niharika Rawat
- Laboratory of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (E.G.); (N.R.); (L.M.)
| | - Luka Mesarec
- Laboratory of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (E.G.); (N.R.); (L.M.)
| | - Veronika Kralj-Iglič
- Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia;
| | - Wojciech Góźdź
- Group of Physical Chemistry of Complex Systems, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland; (J.R.); (W.G.)
| | - Aleš Iglič
- Laboratory of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia; (E.G.); (N.R.); (L.M.)
- Laboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Chair of Orthopaedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +386-1-4768-825
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9
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Cell-bound nanoparticles for tissue targeting and immunotherapy: Engineering of the particle–membrane interface. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2020.101408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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10
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Song C, Zhang X, Wei W, Ma G. Principles of regulating particle multiscale structures for controlling particle-cell interaction process. Chem Eng Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2020.116343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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11
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Liu N, Becton M, Zhang L, Wang X. Mechanism of Coupling Nanoparticle Stiffness with Shape for Endocytosis: From Rodlike Penetration to Wormlike Wriggling. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:11145-11156. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c08089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ning Liu
- College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Matthew Becton
- College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Liuyang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Manufacturing Systems Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi 710049, China
| | - Xianqiao Wang
- College of Engineering, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
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12
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Agudo-Canalejo J. Engulfment of ellipsoidal nanoparticles by membranes: full description of orientational changes. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2020; 32:294001. [PMID: 32176877 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab8034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We study the engulfment of ellipsoidal nanoparticles by membranes. It has been previously predicted that wrapping by the membrane can induce reorientation of the particle, however, previous studies only considered the wrapping process constrained to either side-oriented or tip-oriented particles. In contrast, we consider here the full two-dimensional energy landscape for engulfment, where the two degrees of freedom represent (i) the amount of wrapping and (ii) the particle orientation. In this way, we obtain access to the stability limits of the differently-oriented states, as well as to the energy barriers between them. We find that prolate and oblate particles undergo qualitatively different engulfment transitions, and show that the initial orientation of the particle at first contact with the membrane influences its fate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime Agudo-Canalejo
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization (MPIDS), D-37077 Göttingen, Germany
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13
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Shao X, Sørensen MH, Xia X, Fang C, Hui TH, Chang RCC, Chu Z, Lin Y. Beading of injured axons driven by tension- and adhesion-regulated membrane shape instability. J R Soc Interface 2020; 17:20200331. [PMCID: PMC7423423 DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2020.0331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 08/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The formation of multiple beads along an injured axon will lead to blockage of axonal transport and eventually neuron death, and this has been widely recognized as a hallmark of nervous system degeneration. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms remain poorly understood. Here, we report a combined experimental and theoretical study to reveal key factors governing axon beading. Specifically, by transecting well-developed axons with a sharp atomic force microscope probe, significant beading of the axons was triggered. We showed that adhesion was not required for beading to occur, although when present strong axon–substrate attachments seemed to set the locations for bead formation. In addition, the beading wavelength, representing the average distance between beads, was found to correlate with the size and cytoskeleton integrity of axon, with a thinner axon or a disrupted actin cytoskeleton both leading to a shorter beading wavelength. A model was also developed to explain these observations which suggest that axon beading originates from the shape instability of the membrane and is driven by the release of work done by axonal tension as well as the reduction of membrane surface energy. The beading wavelength predicted from this theory was in good agreement with our experiments under various conditions. By elucidating the essential physics behind axon beading, the current study could enhance our understanding of how axonal injury and neurodegeneration progress as well as provide insights for the development of possible treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueying Shao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
- HKU-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Maja Højvang Sørensen
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingyu Xia
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
- HKU-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Fang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
- HKU-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Tsz Hin Hui
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Joint Appointment with School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Raymond Chuen Chung Chang
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, School of Biomedical Sciences, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhiqin Chu
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Joint Appointment with School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuan Lin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, People's Republic of China
- HKU-Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, Shenzhen, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
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14
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Yan Z, Wu Z, Li S, Zhang X, Yi X, Yue T. Curvature-mediated cooperative wrapping of multiple nanoparticles at the same and opposite membrane sides. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:19751-19762. [PMID: 31384870 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr03554k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Cell membrane interactions with nanoparticles (NPs) are essential to cellular functioning and mostly accompanied by membrane curvature generation and sensing. Multiple NPs inducing curvature from one side of a membrane are believed to be wrapped cooperatively by the membrane through curvature-mediated interactions. However, little is known about another biologically ubiquitous and important case, i.e., NPs binding to opposite membrane sides induce a curved bend of different directions. Combining coarse-grained molecular dynamics and theoretical analysis, here we systematically investigate the cooperative effect in the wrapping of multiple adhesive NPs at the same and opposite membrane sides and demonstrate the importance of the magnitude and direction of the membrane bend in regulating curvature-mediated NP interactions. Effects of the NP size, size difference, initial distance, number, and strength of adhesion with the membrane on the wrapping cooperativity and wrapping states are analyzed. For NPs binding to the same membrane side, rich membrane wrapping and NP aggregation states are observed, and the curvature-mediated interactions could be either attractive or repulsive, depending on the initial NP distance and the competition between the membrane bending, NP binding and membrane protrusion. In sharp contrast, the interaction between two NPs binding to opposite membrane sides is always attractive and the cooperative wrapping of NPs is promoted, as the curved membrane regions induced by the NPs are shared in a manner that the NP-membrane contact is increased and the energy cost of membrane bending is reduced. Owing to the ubiquity and heterogeneity of membrane shaping proteins in biology, our results enrich the cutting-edge knowledge on the curvature-mediated interaction of NPs for better and profound understanding on high-order cooperative assemblies of NPs or proteins in numerous biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengshuai Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China.
| | - Zeming Wu
- Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, Beijing Innovation Center for Engineering Science and Advanced Technology, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Shixin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China.
| | - Xianren Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xin Yi
- Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, Beijing Innovation Center for Engineering Science and Advanced Technology, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
| | - Tongtao Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao 266580, China.
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15
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Norling K, Bernasconi V, Agmo Hernández V, Parveen N, Edwards K, Lycke NY, Höök F, Bally M. Gel Phase 1,2-Distearoyl- sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine-Based Liposomes Are Superior to Fluid Phase Liposomes at Augmenting Both Antigen Presentation on Major Histocompatibility Complex Class II and Costimulatory Molecule Display by Dendritic Cells in Vitro. ACS Infect Dis 2019; 5:1867-1878. [PMID: 31498993 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.9b00189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Lipid-based nanoparticles have in recent years attracted increasing attention as pharmaceutical carriers. In particular, reports of them having inherent adjuvant properties combined with their ability to protect antigen from degradation make them suitable as vaccine vectors. However, the physicochemical profile of an ideal nanoparticle for vaccine delivery is still poorly defined. Here, we used an in vitro dendritic cell assay to assess the immunogenicity of a variety of liposome formulations as vaccine carriers and adjuvants. Using flow cytometry, we investigated liposome-assisted antigen presentation as well as the expression of relevant costimulatory molecules on the cell surface. Cytokine secretion was further evaluated with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). We show that liposomes can successfully enhance antigen presentation and maturation of dendritic cells, as compared to vaccine fusion protein (CTA1-3Eα-DD) administered alone. In particular, the lipid phase state of the membrane was found to greatly influence the vaccine antigen processing by dendritic cells. As compared to their fluid phase counterparts, gel phase liposomes were more efficient at improving antigen presentation. They were also superior at upregulating the costimulatory molecules CD80 and CD86 as well as increasing the release of the cytokines IL-6 and IL-1β. Taken together, we demonstrate that gel phase liposomes, while nonimmunogenic on their own, significantly enhance the antigen-presenting ability of dendritic cells and appear to be a promising way forward to improve vaccine immunogenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Norling
- Division of Biological Physics, Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Valentina Bernasconi
- Mucosal Immunobiology and Vaccine Center (MIVAC), Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Víctor Agmo Hernández
- Department of Chemistry, BMC, Uppsala University, Box 599, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Box 580, 751 23, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Nagma Parveen
- Division of Biological Physics, Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Katarina Edwards
- Department of Chemistry, BMC, Uppsala University, Box 599, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Nils Y. Lycke
- Mucosal Immunobiology and Vaccine Center (MIVAC), Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biomedicine, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Höök
- Division of Biological Physics, Department of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Marta Bally
- Section of Virology, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Umeå University, 901 85 Umeå, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for Molecular Medicine, Umeå University, 901 85 Umeå, Sweden
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16
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Wang M, Mihut AM, Rieloff E, Dabkowska AP, Månsson LK, Immink JN, Sparr E, Crassous JJ. Assembling responsive microgels at responsive lipid membranes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2019; 116:5442-5450. [PMID: 30824593 PMCID: PMC6431181 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1807790116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Directed colloidal self-assembly at fluid interfaces can have a large impact in the fields of nanotechnology, materials, and biomedical sciences. The ability to control interfacial self-assembly relies on the fine interplay between bulk and surface interactions. Here, we investigate the interfacial assembly of thermoresponsive microgels and lipogels at the surface of giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) consisting of phospholipids bilayers with different compositions. By altering the properties of the lipid membrane and the microgel particles, it is possible to control the adsorption/desorption processes as well as the organization and dynamics of the colloids at the vesicle surface. No translocation of the microgels and lipogels through the membrane was observed for any of the membrane compositions and temperatures investigated. The lipid membranes with fluid chains provide highly dynamic interfaces that can host and mediate long-range ordering into 2D hexagonal crystals. This is in clear contrast to the conditions when the membranes are composed of lipids with solid chains, where there is no crystalline arrangement, and most of the particles desorb from the membrane. Likewise, we show that in segregated membranes, the soft microgel colloids form closely packed 2D crystals on the fluid bilayer domains, while hardly any particles adhere to the more solid bilayer domains. These findings thus present an approach for selective and controlled colloidal assembly at lipid membranes, opening routes toward the development of tunable soft materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meina Wang
- Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden;
| | - Adriana M Mihut
- Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden;
| | - Ellen Rieloff
- Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Linda K Månsson
- Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Jasper N Immink
- Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Emma Sparr
- Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Jérôme J Crassous
- Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, 52074 Aachen, Germany
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17
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Wang S, Guo H, Li Y, Li X. Penetration of nanoparticles across a lipid bilayer: effects of particle stiffness and surface hydrophobicity. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:4025-4034. [PMID: 30768108 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr09381d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The cellular uptake of nanoparticles (NPs) has drawn significant attention due to their great importance and potential in drug delivery, bioimaging, and specific targeting. Here, we conduct a computational study on the translocation process of soft nanoparticles with different elasticities and surface hydrophobicities through a lipid bilayer membrane. It is shown that the translocation abilities of hydrophilic NPs can be enhanced by increasing their stiffness, while the penetrability of hydrophobic NPs is weakened by increasing the particle stiffness. The free energy analysis indicates that rigid hydrophilic NPs and soft hydrophobic NPs encounter lower energy barriers during penetration. In direct translocation, different deformation modes are observed for NPs with different surface hydrophobicities during cellular internalization. Further, deformation analysis demonstrates that hydrophilic NPs are flattened in the membrane plane, while hydrophobic NPs are elongated along the membrane norm during penetration. We conclude that the elasticity of NPs has an obvious impact on their ability to penetrate across the lipid bilayer membrane through different morphological responses of hydrophilic and hydrophobic NPs. These results shed light on the coupled effects of particle elasticity and surface hydrophobicity on the cellular uptake of elastic NPs, which may provide useful guidelines for designing effective nanocarrier systems for drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Wang
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Naval Architecture, Ocean and Civil Engineering (State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Hydrodynamics), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China.
| | - Hui Guo
- Department of Urology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, China
| | - Yinfeng Li
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Naval Architecture, Ocean and Civil Engineering (State Key Laboratory of Ocean Engineering, MOE Key Laboratory of Hydrodynamics), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, P. R. China.
| | - Xuejin Li
- Department of Engineering Mechanics and Key Laboratory of Soft Machines and Smart Devices of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, P. R. China.
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18
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Yi X, Shi X, Gao H. Erratum: Cellular Uptake of Elastic Nanoparticles [Phys. Rev. Lett. 107, 098101 (2011)]. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 121:199902. [PMID: 30468591 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.199902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
This corrects the article DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.107.098101.
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19
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Jaggers RW, Bon SAF. Structure and behaviour of vesicles in the presence of colloidal particles. SOFT MATTER 2018; 14:6949-6960. [PMID: 30117508 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm01223g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This review highlights recent studies that investigate the structural changes and behaviour of synthetic vesicles when they are exposed to colloidal particles. We will show examples to demonstrate the power of combining particles and vesicles in generating exciting supracolloidal structures. These suprastructures have a wide range of often responsive behaviours that take advantage of both the mechanical and morphological support provided by the vesicles and the associated particles with preset functionality. This review includes applications spanning a variety of disciplines, including chemistry, biology, physics and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ross W Jaggers
- BonLab, Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Coventry, CV4 7AL, UK.
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20
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Clustering and separation of hydrophobic nanoparticles in lipid bilayer explained by membrane mechanics. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10810. [PMID: 30018296 PMCID: PMC6050295 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-28965-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Small hydrophobic gold nanoparticles with diameter lower than the membrane thickness can form clusters or uniformly distribute within the hydrophobic core of the bilayer. The coexistence of two stable phases (clustered and dispersed) indicates the energy barrier between nanoparticles. We calculated the distance dependence of the membrane-mediated interaction between two adjacent nanoparticles. In our model we consider two deformation modes: the monolayer bending and the hydroxycarbon chain stretching. Existence of an energy barrier between the clustered and the separated state of nanoparticles was predicted. Variation analysis of the membrane mechanical parameters revealed that the energy barrier between two membrane embedded nanoparticles is mainly the consequence of the bending deformation and not change of the thickness of the bilayer in the vicinity of nanoparticles. It is shown, that the forces between the nanoparticles embedded in the biological membrane could be either attractive or repulsive, depending on the mutual distance between them.
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21
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Chen L, Li X, Zhang Y, Chen T, Xiao S, Liang H. Morphological and mechanical determinants of cellular uptake of deformable nanoparticles. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:11969-11979. [PMID: 29904774 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr01521j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the interactions of nanoparticles (NPs) with cell membranes and regulating their cellular uptake processes are of fundamental importance to the design of drug delivery systems with minimum toxicity, high efficiency and long circulation time. Employing the procedure of coarse-graining, we built an elastically deformable NP model with tunable morphological and mechanical properties. We found that the cellular uptake of deformable NPs depends on their shape: an increase in the particle elasticity significantly slows the uptake rate of spherical NPs, slightly retards that of prolate NPs, and promotes the uptake of oblate NPs. The intrinsic mechanisms have been carefully investigated through analysis of the endocytic mechanisms and free energy calculations. These findings provide unique insights into how deformable NPs penetrate across cell membranes and offer novel possibilities for designing effective NP-based carriers for drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Soft Matter Chemistry, iChEM (Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials), Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China.
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22
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Shen Z, Ye H, Li Y. Understanding receptor-mediated endocytosis of elastic nanoparticles through coarse grained molecular dynamic simulation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:16372-16385. [PMID: 29445792 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp08644j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
For nanoparticle (NP)-based drug delivery platforms, the elasticity of the NPs has a significant influence on their blood circulation time and cellular uptake efficiency. However, due to the complexity of the endocytosis process and the inconsistency in the definition of elasticity for NPs in experiments, the understanding about the receptor-mediated endocytosis process of elastic NPs is still limited. In this work, we developed a coarse-grained molecular dynamics (CGMD) model for elastic NPs. The energy change of the elastic NPs can be precisely controlled by the bond, area, volume and bending potentials of this CGMD model. To represent liposomes with different elasticities, we systematically varied the bending rigidity of elastic NPs in CGMD simulations. Additionally, we changed the radius of the elastic NPs to explore the potential size effect. Through virtual nano-indentation tests, we found that the effective stiffness of elastic NPs was determined by their bending rigidity and size. Afterwards, we investigated the receptor-mediated endocytosis process of elastic NPs with different sizes and bending rigidities. We found that the membrane wrapping of soft NPs was faster than that of the stiff ones at the early stage, due to the NP deformation induced large contact area between the NPs and the membrane. However, because of the large energy penalties induced by the NP deformation, the membrane wrapping speed of soft NPs slows down during the late stage. Eventually, the soft NPs are wrapped less efficiently than the stiff ones during the membrane wrapping process. Through systematic CGMD simulations, we found a scaling law between the cellular uptake efficiency and the phenomenal bending rigidity of elastic NPs, which agrees reasonably well with experimental observations. Furthermore, we observed that the membrane wrapping efficiencies of soft and stiff NPs with large sizes were close to each other, due to the stronger ligand-receptor binding force and smaller difference in the stiffness of elastic NPs. Our computational model provides an effective tool to investigate the receptor-mediated endocytosis of elastic NPs with well controlled mechanical properties. This study can also be applied to guide the design of NP-based drug carriers with high efficacy, by utilizing their elastic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiqiang Shen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA.
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23
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Yu Q, Othman S, Dasgupta S, Auth T, Gompper G. Nanoparticle wrapping at small non-spherical vesicles: curvatures at play. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:6445-6458. [PMID: 29565057 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr08856f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticles in biological systems encounter lipid-bilayer membranes as barriers. They interact with plasma membranes, membranous organelles, such as the endoplasmic reticulum and the Golgi apparatus, the nucleus, and intracellular and extracellular vesicles, such as autophagosomes, lysosomes, and exosomes. Extracellular vesicles have recently attracted particular attention, as they are involved in the transmission of biological signals and as regulators for biological processes. For example, exosomes, small vesicles containing proteins, mRNA, and miRNA, that are released by cells into the extracellular environment, have been suggested to participate in tumor metastasis. Furthermore, vesicles can be applied as targeted-drug-delivery systems. We systematically characterize wrapping of spherical nanoparticles that enter and exit vesicles, depending on particle size, vesicle size, vesicle reduced volume, and membrane spontaneous curvature. We predict the complex wrapping behavior, in particular for large particle-to-vesicle size ratios, where the shape changes of the free membrane contribute significantly to the deformation energy and where nanoparticle wrapping transitions and vesicle shape transitions are coupled. Partial-wrapped membrane-bound particles impose boundary conditions on the membrane that stabilise oblates and stomatocytes for particle entry, and prolates and stomatocytes for particle exit. Our results suggest that nanoparticles may stimulate autophagocytic engulfment, which would facilitate transport of the nanoparticles into lysosomes and would lead to subsequent degradation of nanoparticle-attached proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfen Yu
- Theoretical Soft Matter and Biophysics, Institute of Complex Systems and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany.
| | - Sameh Othman
- Theoretical Soft Matter and Biophysics, Institute of Complex Systems and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany.
| | - Sabyasachi Dasgupta
- Theoretical Soft Matter and Biophysics, Institute of Complex Systems and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany. and Mechanobiology Institute, National University of Singapore, 11899 Singapore
| | - Thorsten Auth
- Theoretical Soft Matter and Biophysics, Institute of Complex Systems and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany.
| | - Gerhard Gompper
- Theoretical Soft Matter and Biophysics, Institute of Complex Systems and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich, D-52425 Jülich, Germany.
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24
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Ding HM, Ma YQ. Computational approaches to cell-nanomaterial interactions: keeping balance between therapeutic efficiency and cytotoxicity. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2018; 3:6-27. [PMID: 32254106 DOI: 10.1039/c7nh00138j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Owing to their unique properties, nanomaterials have been widely used in biomedicine since they have obvious inherent advantages over traditional ones. However, nanomaterials may also cause dysfunction in proteins, genes and cells, resulting in cytotoxic and genotoxic responses. Recently, more and more attention has been paid to these potential toxicities of nanomaterials, especially to the risks of nanomaterials to human health and safety. Therefore, when using nanomaterials for biomedical applications, it is of great importance to keep the balance between therapeutic efficiency and cytotoxicity (i.e., increase the therapeutic efficiency as well as decrease the potential toxicity). This requires a deeper understanding of the interactions between various types of nanomaterials and biological systems at the nano/bio interface. In this review, from the point of view of theoretical researchers, we will present the current status regarding the physical mechanism of cytotoxicity caused by nanomaterials, mainly based on recent simulation results. In addition, the strategies for minimizing the nanotoxicity naturally and artificially will also be discussed in detail. Furthermore, we should notice that toxicity is not always bad for clinical use since causing the death of specific cells is the main way of treating disease. Enhancing the targeting ability of nanomaterials to diseased cells and minimizing their side effects on normal cells will always be hugely challenging issues in nanomedicine. By combining the latest computational studies with some experimental verifications, we will provide special insights into recent advances regarding these problems, especially for the design of novel environment-responsive nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Ming Ding
- Center for Soft Condensed Matter Physics and Interdisciplinary Research, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
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25
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Kinnear C, Moore TL, Rodriguez-Lorenzo L, Rothen-Rutishauser B, Petri-Fink A. Form Follows Function: Nanoparticle Shape and Its Implications for Nanomedicine. Chem Rev 2017; 117:11476-11521. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.7b00194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 342] [Impact Index Per Article: 48.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Calum Kinnear
- Bio21 Institute & School of Chemistry, University of Melbourne, Parkville 3010, Australia
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26
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Li L, Zhang Y, Wang J. Effects of ligand distribution on receptor-diffusion-mediated cellular uptake of nanoparticles. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2017; 4:170063. [PMID: 28573012 PMCID: PMC5451813 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.170063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Biophysical-factor-dependent cellular uptake of nanoparticles (NPs) through receptor-diffusion-mediated endocytosis bears significance in pathology, cellular immunity and drug-delivery systems. Advanced nanotechnology of NP synthesis provides methods for modifying NP surface with different ligand distributions. However, no report discusses effects of ligand distribution on NP surface on receptor-diffusion-mediated cellular uptake. In this article, we used a statistical dynamics model of receptor-diffusion-mediated endocytosis to examine ligand-distribution-dependent cellular uptake dynamics by considering that ligand-receptor complexes drive engulfing to overcome resistance to membrane deformation and changes in configuration entropy of receptors. Results showed that cellular internalization of NPs strongly depended on ligand distribution and that cellular-uptake efficiency of NPs was high when ligand distribution was within a range around uniform distribution. This feature of endocytosis ensures robust infection ability of viruses to enter host cells. Interestingly, results also indicated that optimal ligand distribution associated with highest cellular-uptake efficiency slightly depends on distribution pattern of ligands and density of receptors, and the optimal distribution becomes uniform when receptor density is sufficiently large. Position of initial contact point is also a factor affecting dynamic wrapping. This study explains why most enveloped viruses present almost homogeneous ligand distribution and is useful in designing controlled-release drug-delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jizeng Wang
- Author for correspondence: Jizeng Wang e-mail:
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27
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Tang J, Zhao X, Li J, Zhou Y, Liu J. Liquid Metal Phagocytosis: Intermetallic Wetting Induced Particle Internalization. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2017; 4:1700024. [PMID: 28546916 PMCID: PMC5441499 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201700024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
A biomimetic cellular-eating phenomenon in gallium-based liquid metal to realize particle internalization in full-pH-range solutions is reported. The effect, which is called liquid metal phagocytosis, represents a wet-processing strategy to prepare various metallic liquid metal-particle mixtures through introducing excitations such as an electrical polarization, a dissolving medium, or a sacrificial metal. A nonwetting-to-wetting transition resulting from surface transition and the reactive nature of the intermetallic wetting between the two metallic phases are found to be primarily responsible for such particle-eating behavior. Theoretical study brings forward a physical picture to the problem, together with a generalized interpretation. The model developed here, which uses the macroscopic contact angle between the two metallic phases as a criterion to predict the particle internalization behavior, shows good consistency with experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Tang
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringSchool of MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
| | - Xi Zhao
- Key Laboratory of CryogenicsTechnical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Jing Li
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic MaterialsTechnical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Yuan Zhou
- Key Laboratory of CryogenicsTechnical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Biomedical EngineeringSchool of MedicineTsinghua UniversityBeijing100084China
- Key Laboratory of CryogenicsTechnical Institute of Physics and ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100190China
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28
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yi
- Beijing
Innovation Center for Engineering Science and Advanced Technology
(BIC-ESAT), and Department of Mechanics and Engineering Science, College
of Engineering, Peking University, 5 Yiheyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100871, China
- School
of Engineering, Brown University, 182 Hope Street, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
| | - Huajian Gao
- School
of Engineering, Brown University, 182 Hope Street, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, United States
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