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Gudmundsson TA, Kuppadakkath G, Ghosh D, Ruether M, Seddon A, Ginesi RE, Doutch J, Adams DJ, Gunnlaugsson T, Damodaran KK. Nanoscale assembly of enantiomeric supramolecular gels driven by the nature of solvents. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:8922-8930. [PMID: 38591601 DOI: 10.1039/d4nr00204k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the key parameters that control the self-assembly process is critical to predict self-assembly modes in multi-component systems, which will lead to the development of nanofibrous materials with tuneable properties. Enantiomeric amino acid-based low-molecular-weight gelators (LMWGs) were mixed in polar (polar protic) and aromatic apolar (aromatic) solvents and compared to their individual counterparts to probe the effect of solvent polarity on the self-assembly process. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) reveals that xerogels of individual components display hollow needles in polar protic solvents, while chiral coils are observed in aromatic solvents. In contrast, the multi-component gel displays hollow needle morphologies in both solvents, indicating similar morphologies in polar protic solvents but an entirely different nanostructure for the individual gel networks in aromatic solvents. PXRD experiments performed on the dried gels showed that the nature of the solvents plays a vital role in the co-assembly process of multi-component gels. The self-assembly modes and the gel state structure of the gels are analysed by wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXS) and small-angle neutron diffraction (SANS), which reveals that the mixed gel undergoes different co-assembly modes depending on the nature of the solvent systems. This study shows that different co-assembly modes can be achieved for structurally similar components by varying the solvent polarity, demonstrating the importance of solvent choice in the self-assembly process of multi-component gels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tómas A Gudmundsson
- Department of Chemistry, Science Institute, University of Iceland, Dunhagi 3, 107 Reykjavík, Iceland.
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI) and Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research (AMBER) Centre, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, D02 PN40, Ireland
| | - Geethanjali Kuppadakkath
- Department of Chemistry, Science Institute, University of Iceland, Dunhagi 3, 107 Reykjavík, Iceland.
| | - Dipankar Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Science Institute, University of Iceland, Dunhagi 3, 107 Reykjavík, Iceland.
| | - Manuel Ruether
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI) and Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research (AMBER) Centre, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, D02 PN40, Ireland
| | - Annela Seddon
- School of Physics, HH Wills Physics Laboratory, Tyndall Avenue, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 1TL, UK
| | - Rebecca E Ginesi
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - James Doutch
- ISIS Pulsed Neutron and Muon Source, Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, OX11 0QX, UK
| | - Dave J Adams
- School of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK
| | - Thorfinnur Gunnlaugsson
- School of Chemistry and Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute (TBSI) and Advanced Materials and BioEngineering Research (AMBER) Centre, Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin, Dublin 2, D02 PN40, Ireland
| | - Krishna K Damodaran
- Department of Chemistry, Science Institute, University of Iceland, Dunhagi 3, 107 Reykjavík, Iceland.
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Sudhakaran Jayabhavan S, Kuppadakkath G, Damodaran KK. The Role of Functional Groups in Tuning the Self-Assembly Modes and Physical Properties of Multicomponent Gels. Chempluschem 2023; 88:e202300302. [PMID: 37407430 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
We have analyzed the nature and role of functional groups on the self-assembly modes and the physical properties of multicomponent gels with structurally similar individual components. The gelation properties of individual and mixed enantiomeric compounds of biphenyl bis-(amides) of alanine (BPA) or phenylalanine (BPP) methyl ester were analyzed in various solvent/solvent mixtures. Multicomponent gels were formed by mixing the enantiomeric BPP compounds at a lower concentration, but a higher concentration was required for mixed alanine-based BPA gels. The comparison of the mechanical strength of the individual and mixed BPP compounds indicated that the mixed BPP gels displayed enhanced mechanical strength (∼2-fold increase) in p-xylene, but a weaker gel was observed in DMSO/water. However, a reverse trend was observed for BPA gels, indicating the role of functional groups in the gel network formation. X-ray diffraction analysis of the gelator and the xerogels in the solid state confirmed the formation of co-assembled networks in mixed enantiomeric gels. The stability of the gels towards anions was evaluated by analyzing the anion induced stimuli-responsive properties. These results indicate the effective modeling of the functional groups of the individual components could lead to multicomponent gels with tunable properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Krishna K Damodaran
- Department of Chemistry, University of Iceland, Dunhagi 3, 107, Reykjavík, Iceland
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3
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Kodama K, Obata M, Sugimura S, Yuhara H, Hirose T. Development of Low-Molecular-Weight Organogelators from Cyclic β-Amino Acid: Effect of Stereochemistry and their Application on Visual Chiral Recognition of Amines. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202202692. [PMID: 36461621 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
This study reports the formation of low-molecular-weight gelators based on carboxylic acids derived from chiral cyclicβ-amino acids. The effect of their stereochemistry on the gelation of organic solvents was investigated, and their assemblies with the intermolecular interactions in the xerogels were proposed via infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and crystallographic details of the related model compounds. The effect of the alkyl chain length on the gelators was studied, and they were applied to the chiral recognition of amines. Only one diastereomeric salt with amines afforded gels, whereas the others resulted in precipitates. Chiral recognition was also achieved in the gel state, and the appearance of the as-prepared gel changed upon the addition of each amine enantiomer, thus enabling the visual detection of their chirality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Koichi Kodama
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan
| | - Masato Obata
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan
| | - Sho Sugimura
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan
| | - Hiroki Yuhara
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan
| | - Takuji Hirose
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, 255 Shimo-Okubo, Sakura-ku, Saitama, 338-8570, Japan
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Stimuli-Responsive Properties of Supramolecular Gels Based on Pyridyl- N-oxide Amides. Gels 2023; 9:gels9020089. [PMID: 36826259 PMCID: PMC9956205 DOI: 10.3390/gels9020089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
The nature of functional groups and their relative position and orientation play an important role in tuning the gelation properties of stimuli-responsive supramolecular gels. In this work, we synthesized and characterized mono-/bis-pyridyl-N-oxide compounds of N-(4-pyridyl)nicotinamide (L1-L3). The gelation properties of these N-oxide compounds were compared with the reported isomeric counterpart mono-/bis-pyridyl-N-oxide compounds of N-(4-pyridyl)isonicotinamide. Hydrogels obtained with L1 and L3 were thermally and mechanically more stable than the corresponding isomeric counterparts. The surface morphology of the xerogels of di-N-oxides (L3 and diNO) obtained from the water was studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), which revealed that the relative position of N-oxide moieties did not have a prominent effect on the gel morphology. The solid-state structural analysis was performed using single-crystal X-ray diffraction to understand the key mechanism in gel formation. The versatile nature of N-oxide moieties makes these gels highly responsive toward an external stimulus, and the stimuli-responsive behavior of the gels in water and aqueous mixtures was studied in the presence of various salts. We studied the effect of various salts on the gelation behavior of the hydrogels, and the results indicated that the salts could induce gelation in L1 and L3 below the minimum gelator concentration of the gelators. The mechanical properties were evaluated by rheological experiments, indicating that the modified compounds displayed enhanced gel strength in most cases. Interestingly, cadmium chloride formed supergelator at a very low concentration (0.7 wt% of L3), and robust hydrogels were obtained at higher concentrations of L3. These results show that the relative position of N-oxide moieties is crucial for the effective interaction of the gelator with salts/ions resulting in LMWGs with tunable properties.
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Nayak K, Sahoo S, De P. Chirality and solvent assisted gelation modulation with stearoyl appended macromolecules. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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6
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Zhang G, Liang Y, Wang Y, Li Q, Qi W, Zhang W, Su R, He Z. Chirality-Dependent Copper-Diphenylalanine Assemblies with Tough Layered Structure and Enhanced Catalytic Performance. ACS NANO 2022; 16:6866-6877. [PMID: 35319863 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c01912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Chiral regulation to prepare functional materials has aroused considerable interest in recent years. However, little is known on the effect of chirality of ligands in the metal-organic coordination assembly process. We report the self-assembly of diphenylalanine peptide (Phe-Phe, FF), the core fragment of Aβ protein, with metal copper ion (Cu2+) into metal-organic assemblies with chirality-encoded structures and properties. The chirality-dependent metal-dipeptide assembles with different morphologies and supramolecular chirality were obtained by facile changing of the FF chirality. Single-crystal results indicate that (L)-FF coordinated with Cu2+ into a cross-chain structure with a five-coordinated style, while the racemates of (L+D)-FF with Cu2+ crystallized into an (L)-Cu2+-(D)-Cu2+ alternated four-coordinating structure, enabling a higher mechanical and catalytic performance. The Young's modulus of (L+D)-FF-Cu is as high as 34.36 GPa, which is 2.45 times higher than that of (L)-FF-Cu. Furthermore, both of them follow the characteristic enzyme kinetics and show higher catalytic activity than natural laccase at the same mass concentration. Specifically, the calculated catalytic efficiency (kcat/KM) of (L+D)-FF-Cu is 1.14 times higher than that of (L)-FF-Cu, and the (L+D)-FF-Cu shows significantly enhanced stability and reusability compared with (L)-FF-Cu. The results reveal that highly functional materials could be constructed by encoding the chirality of molecular building blocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gong Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Yaoyu Liang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuefei Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Li
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Qi
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou Industrial Park, Suzhou 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongxin Su
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhimin He
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People's Republic of China
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Patterson AK, El-Qarra LH, Smith DK. Chirality-directed hydrogel assembly and interactions with enantiomers of an active pharmaceutical ingredient. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:3941-3944. [PMID: 35244630 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc06942j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Enantiomers of the low-molecular-weight gelator (LMWG) DBS-CONHNH2, based on D- or L- 1,3 : 2,4-dibenzylidenesorbitol (DBS), were synthesised. Enantiomeric gels are equivalent, but when mixtures of enantiomers are used, although gels still form, they are weaker than homochiral gels. Nanoscale chirality is lost on adding even a small proportion of the opposite enantiomer - homochiral assembly underpins effective gelation. Enantiomeric gels encapsulate the two enantiomers of anti-inflammatory drug naproxen, with thermal & mechanical differences between diastereomeric systems. We hence demonstrate the importance of chirality in DBS assembly and its interactions with chiral additives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna K Patterson
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK.
| | - Lamisse H El-Qarra
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK.
| | - David K Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of York, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK.
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Baddi S, Dang-i AY, Huang T, Xing C, Lin S, Feng CL. Chirality-influenced antibacterial activity of methylthiazole- and thiadiazole-based supramolecular biocompatible hydrogels. Acta Biomater 2022; 141:59-69. [PMID: 35063710 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2022.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Chiral stereochemistry is a unique and fundamental strategy that determines the interaction of bacteria cells with chiral biomolecules and stereochemical surfaces. The interaction between bacteria and material surface (molecular chirality or supramolecular chirality) plays a significant role in modulating antibacterial performance. Herein, we developed inherent chiral antibacterial hydrogels by modifying the carboxyl groups of our previously reported supramolecular gelator (LPF-left handed phenylalanine gelator and DPF- right handed phenylalanine gelator) with 2-amino-5-methylthiazole (MTZ) and 5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2- thiol (TDZ). The new L/D-gelator molecules initiate self-assembly to form hydrogels through non-covalent interactions (Hydrogen bonding and π-π interactions) verified by FTIR and CD spectroscopy. Morphological studies of the xerogels revealed left and right-handed chiral nanofibers for the gelators' L-form and D-form, respectively. The resulting hydrogels exhibited inherent antibacterial activity against Gram-positive (Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) bacteria, with TDZ hydrogels showing more significant antibacterial activity than MTZ hydrogels. Interestingly, the D-form (having right-handed nanofibers) of both hydrogels (MTZ and TDZ) exhibited higher antibacterial activities compared with the left-handed nanofibrous hydrogels (L-form) attributed to the stereoselective interaction of the chiral helical nanofiber. Moreover, the amplification of chirality moving from a molecular to a supramolecular level essentially improved the antibacterial action. Our results provide deep insight into the development of unique supramolecular chiral antimicrobial agents and hint at the potentiality of right-handed nanofibers (D-form) having enhanced antibacterial activity. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Chiral stereochemistry plays a significant role in many biological processes, which determines the interaction of bacteria cells with chiral biomolecules. The interaction between bacteria and material surface (molecular chirality or supramolecular chirality) plays a significant role in modulating antibacterial performance. Here, we deigned and synthesized unique inherent biocompatible supramolecular chiral hydrogel. From this study we concluded that the D-form (having right-handed nanofibers) of hydrogels exhibited higher antibacterial activities compared with the left-handed nanofibrous hydrogels (L-form) attributed to the stereoselective interaction of the chiral helical nanofiber. Additionally, this study also explored the amplification of chirality moving from a molecular to a supramolecular level essentially improved the antibacterial action.
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Loos JN, D'Acierno F, Vijay Mody U, MacLachlan MJ. Manipulating the Self-Assembly of Multicomponent Low Molecular Weight Gelators (LMWGs) through Molecular Design. Chempluschem 2022; 87:e202200026. [PMID: 35233979 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202200026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Multicomponent low molecular weight gelators (LMWGs) may self-assemble by co-assembly (CA), social self-sorting (SSS), or narcissistic self-sorting (NSS). Understanding the nuances of the self-assembly processes is important to predict the behavior of multicomponent organogels. Here, we investigate the effect of molecular structure on self-assembly in a series of amino-acid based bicomponent LMWGs that differ in headgroup and alkyl chain length. Packing preference of the organogels was determined using differential scanning calorimetry, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and small angle X-ray scattering. From 66 bicomponent samples we found 50 CA, 14 SSS and 2 NSS. Furthermore, we performed statistical analysis to investigate the role of hydrophobicity and chain length on the overall pathway of self-assembly for these systems. We found the hydrophobicity of the headgroup strongly affected the assembly preference of the organogel, but alkyl chain length only played a small role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanette N Loos
- University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Francesco D'Acierno
- University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of British Columbia, 6224 Agricultural Rd., Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Urmi Vijay Mody
- University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z1, Canada
| | - Mark J MacLachlan
- University of British Columbia, Department of Chemistry, 2036 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z1, Canada
- Stewart Blusson Quantum Matter Institute, 2355 East Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada
- WPI Nano Life Science Institute, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, 920-1192, Japan
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Ghosh D, Górecki M, Pescitelli G, Damodaran KK. Enantioselective Gel Phase Synthesis of Metal–Organic Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202107040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dipankar Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry Science Institute University of Iceland Dunhagi 3 107 Reykjavík Iceland
| | - Marcin Górecki
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences Kasprzaka 44/52 St. 01-224 Warsaw Poland
| | - Gennaro Pescitelli
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry University of Pisa Moruzzi 13 56124 Pisa Italy
| | - Krishna K. Damodaran
- Department of Chemistry Science Institute University of Iceland Dunhagi 3 107 Reykjavík Iceland
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11
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Ghosh D, Górecki M, Pescitelli G, Damodaran KK. Enantioselective Gel Phase Synthesis of Metal-Organic Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:24406-24410. [PMID: 34524731 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202107040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
We report the asymmetric synthesis of homochiral metal-organic materials (MOMs) in chiral gels from achiral components. The enantioselectivity of MOMs depends on the chirality of the gel, whereas the synthesis performed in solution phase and achiral gels resulted in conglomerates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipankar Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Science Institute, University of Iceland, Dunhagi 3, 107, Reykjavík, Iceland
| | - Marcin Górecki
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52 St., 01-224, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Gennaro Pescitelli
- Department of Chemistry and Industrial Chemistry, University of Pisa, Moruzzi 13, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Krishna K Damodaran
- Department of Chemistry, Science Institute, University of Iceland, Dunhagi 3, 107, Reykjavík, Iceland
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Du Y, Liu T, Tang F, Jin X, Zhao H, Liu J, Zeng X, Chen Q. Chirality from D-guanosine to L-guanosine shapes a stable gel for three-dimensional cell culture. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:12936-12939. [PMID: 34734933 DOI: 10.1039/c9cc09911e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
It is proved that L-guanosine (L-G) as an enantiomer of D-guanosine (D-G) forms more stable gels than D-G, suggesting that alteration of chirality may be a new strategy for improving the lifetime stability of supramolecular hydrogels. Experiments for three-dimensional cell culture reveal that the L-G gel is a candidate for the extracellular matrix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqi Du
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China.
| | - Tiannan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China.
| | - Fan Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China.
| | - Xin Jin
- Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and Biomedical Sciences, College of Stomatology, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, P. R. China
| | - Hang Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China.
| | - Jiang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China.
| | - Xin Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China.
| | - Qianming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit of Oral Carcinogenesis and Management, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China.
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Chirality, Gelation Ability and Crystal Structure: Together or Apart? Alkyl Phenyl Ethers of Glycerol as Simple LMWGs. Symmetry (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/sym13040732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Chiral recognition plays an important role in the self-assembly of soft materials, in particular supramolecular organogels formed by low molecular weight gelators (LMWGs). Out of 14 pairs of the studied racemic and enantiopure samples of alkyl-substituted phenyl ethers of glycerol, only eight enantiopure diols form the stable gels in nonane. The formation of gels from solutions was studied by polarimetry, and their degradation with the formation of xerogels was studied by the PXRD method. The revealed crystalline characteristics of all studied xerogels corresponded to those for crystalline samples of the parent gelators. In addition to those previously investigated, crystalline samples of enantiopure para-n-alkylphenyl glycerol ethers [alkyl = pentyl (5), hexyl (6), heptyl (7), octyl (8), nonyl (9)] and racemic 3-(3,5-dimethylphenoxy)propane-1,2-diol (rac-14) have been examined by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Among 22 samples of compounds 1–14 studied by SC-XRD, seven different types of supramolecular motifs are identified, of which only two are realized in crystals of supramolecular gelators. An attempt was made to relate the ability to gel formation with the characteristics of the supramolecular motif of a potential gelling agent, and the frequency of formation of the motif, required for gelation, with the chiral characteristics of the sample.
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Yokoya M, Kimura S, Yamanaka M. Urea Derivatives as Functional Molecules: Supramolecular Capsules, Supramolecular Polymers, Supramolecular Gels, Artificial Hosts, and Catalysts. Chemistry 2021; 27:5601-5614. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Yokoya
- Meiji Pharmaceutical University (MPU) 2-522-1 Noshio Kiyose 204-8588 Japan
| | - Shinya Kimura
- Meiji Pharmaceutical University (MPU) 2-522-1 Noshio Kiyose 204-8588 Japan
| | - Masamichi Yamanaka
- Meiji Pharmaceutical University (MPU) 2-522-1 Noshio Kiyose 204-8588 Japan
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Vasilyev G, Koifman N, Shuster M, Gishvoliner M, Cohen Y, Zussman E. Synergistic Effect of Two Organogelators for the Creation of Bio-Based, Shape-Stable Phase-Change Materials. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:15572-15582. [PMID: 33320688 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Two organogelators of different chemistry (a fatty acid derivative and a bis-urea derivative), as well as their blends, were used to impart shape stability to a bio-based phase-change material (PCM) bearing a near-ambient phase-transition temperature. Characterization of the individual gelators and their blends revealed their ability to immobilize the PCM by forming a continuous fibrillar network. The fibrils formed by the fatty acid derivative were helical, while the bis-urea derivative formed smooth fibrils. Also, the bis-urea derivative formed a continuous network at a lower critical concentration than the fatty acid derivative. At each fixed concentration, the bis-urea derivative yielded gels with higher thermal stability than the fatty acid derivative. The two gelators blended in certain ratios demonstrated a strong synergistic effect, providing gels with a significantly higher modulus (∼20-fold) and yield stress (∼1.5-fold) than each gelator individually. PCM gelation did not significantly affect its thermal behavior, however, affected its crystalline morphology. The gelled PCM displayed stacked structures, consisting of alternating pure PCM layers separated by layers formed by gelator fibrils. The phase diagram of the triple system comprising both gelators and PCM demonstrated either single or double gelation behavior depending on the composition. These findings may provide guidelines for the development of novel, shape-stable PCMs, which could be of potential use in various thermal energy storage applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gleb Vasilyev
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Naama Koifman
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Michael Shuster
- Carmel Olefins Ltd.-BAZAN Group, P.O. Box 1468, Haifa 31014, Israel
| | | | - Yachin Cohen
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Eyal Zussman
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
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16
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Bera S, Xue B, Rehak P, Jacoby G, Ji W, Shimon LJW, Beck R, Král P, Cao Y, Gazit E. Self-Assembly of Aromatic Amino Acid Enantiomers into Supramolecular Materials of High Rigidity. ACS NANO 2020; 14:1694-1706. [PMID: 31944667 PMCID: PMC7123433 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b07307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Most natural biomolecules may exist in either of two enantiomeric forms. Although in nature, amino acid biopolymers are characterized by l-type homochirality, incorporation of d-amino acids in the design of self-assembling peptide motifs has been shown to significantly alter enzyme stability, conformation, self-assembly behavior, cytotoxicity, and even therapeutic activity. However, while functional metabolite assemblies are ubiquitous throughout nature and play numerous important roles including physiological, structural, or catalytic functions, the effect of chirality on the self-assembly nature and function of single amino acids is not yet explored. Herein, we investigated the self-assembly mechanism of amyloid-like structure formation by two aromatic amino acids, phenylalanine (Phe) and tryptophan (Trp), both previously found as extremely important for the nucleation and self-assembly of aggregation-prone peptide regions into functional structures. Employing d-enantiomers, we demonstrate the critical role that amino acid chirality plays in their self-assembly process. The kinetics and morphology of pure enantiomers is completely altered upon their coassembly, allowing to fabricate different nanostructures that are mechanically more robust. Using diverse experimental techniques, we reveal the different molecular arrangement and self-assembly mechanism of the dl-racemic mixtures that resulted in the formation of advanced supramolecular materials. This study provides a simple yet sophisticated engineering model for the fabrication of attractive materials with bionanotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santu Bera
- School
of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, George S. Wise Faculty
of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Bin Xue
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, National Laboratory
of Solid State Microstructure, Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pavel Rehak
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Illinois at
Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Guy Jacoby
- The
Raymond and Beverly Sackler School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Wei Ji
- School
of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, George S. Wise Faculty
of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Linda J. W. Shimon
- Department
of Chemical Research Support, Weizmann Institute
of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Roy Beck
- The
Raymond and Beverly Sackler School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Petr Král
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Illinois at
Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
- Department
of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, University
of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Yi Cao
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, National Laboratory
of Solid State Microstructure, Department of Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ehud Gazit
- School
of Molecular Cell Biology and Biotechnology, George S. Wise Faculty
of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv 69978, Israel
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17
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Ghosh D, Mulvee MT, Damodaran KK. Tuning Gel State Properties of Supramolecular Gels by Functional Group Modification. Molecules 2019; 24:E3472. [PMID: 31557821 PMCID: PMC6804314 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24193472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The factors affecting the self-assembly process in low molecular weight gelators (LMWGs) were investigated by tuning the gelation properties of a well-known gelator N-(4-pyridyl)isonicotinamide (4PINA). The N-H∙∙∙N interactions responsible for gel formation in 4PINA were disrupted by altering the functional groups of 4PINA, which was achieved by modifying pyridyl moieties of the gelator to pyridyl N-oxides. We synthesized two mono-N-oxides (INO and PNO) and a di-N-oxide (diNO) and the gelation studies revealed selective gelation of diNO in water, but the two mono-N-oxides formed crystals. The mechanical strength and thermal stabilities of the gelators were evaluated by rheology and transition temperature (Tgel) experiments, respectively, and the analysis of the gel strength indicated that diNO formed weak gels compared to 4PINA. The SEM image of diNO xerogels showed fibrous microcrystalline networks compared to the efficient fibrous morphology in 4PINA. Single-crystal X-ray analysis of diNO gelator revealed that a hydrogen-bonded dimer interacts with adjacent dimers via C-H∙∙∙O interactions. The non-gelator with similar dimers interacted via C-H∙∙∙N interaction, which indicates the importance of specific non-bonding interactions in the formation of the gel network. The solvated forms of mono-N-oxides support the fact that these compounds prefer crystalline state rather than gelation due to the increased hydrophilic interactions. The reduced gelation ability (minimum gel concentration (MGC)) and thermal strength of diNO may be attributed to the weak intermolecular C-H∙∙∙O interaction compared to the strong and unidirectional N-H∙∙∙N interactions in 4PINA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipankar Ghosh
- Department of Chemistry, Science Institute, University of Iceland, Dunhagi 3, 107 Reykjavík, Iceland.
| | - Matthew T Mulvee
- Department of Chemistry, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK.
| | - Krishna K Damodaran
- Department of Chemistry, Science Institute, University of Iceland, Dunhagi 3, 107 Reykjavík, Iceland.
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18
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McAulay K, Dietrich B, Su H, Scott MT, Rogers S, Al-Hilaly YK, Cui H, Serpell LC, Seddon AM, Draper ER, Adams DJ. Using chirality to influence supramolecular gelation. Chem Sci 2019; 10:7801-7806. [PMID: 31588329 PMCID: PMC6761870 DOI: 10.1039/c9sc02239b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Most low molecular weight gelators are chiral, with racemic mixtures often unable to form gels. Here, we show an example where all enantiomers, diastereomers and racemates of a single functionalized dipeptide can form gels. At high pH, different self-assembled aggregates are formed and these directly template the structures formed in the gel. Hence, solutions and gels with different properties can be accessed simply by varying the chirality. This opens up new design rules for the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kate McAulay
- School of Chemistry , University of Glasgow , Glasgow , G12 8QQ , UK .
| | - Bart Dietrich
- School of Chemistry , University of Glasgow , Glasgow , G12 8QQ , UK .
| | - Hao Su
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , Whiting School of Engineering , Johns Hopkins University , 3400 North Charles Street , Baltimore , MD 21218 , USA
| | - Michael T Scott
- School of Chemistry , University of Glasgow , Glasgow , G12 8QQ , UK .
| | - Sarah Rogers
- ISIS Pulsed Neutron Source , Rutherford Appleton Laboratory , Didcot , OX11 0QX , UK
| | - Youssra K Al-Hilaly
- School of Life Sciences , University of Sussex , Falmer , UK
- Chemistry Department , College of Science , Mustansiriyah University , Baghdad , Iraq
| | - Honggang Cui
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , Whiting School of Engineering , Johns Hopkins University , 3400 North Charles Street , Baltimore , MD 21218 , USA
| | | | - Annela M Seddon
- School of Physics , HH Wills Physics Laboratory , University of Bristol , Tyndall Avenue , Bristol , BS8 1TL , UK
- Bristol Centre for Functional Nanomaterials , HH Wills Physics Laboratory , University of Bristol , Tyndall Avenue , Bristol , BS8 1TL , UK
| | - Emily R Draper
- School of Chemistry , University of Glasgow , Glasgow , G12 8QQ , UK .
| | - Dave J Adams
- School of Chemistry , University of Glasgow , Glasgow , G12 8QQ , UK .
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19
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Fan H, Jiang H, Zhu X, Zhu M, Zhang L, Liu M. Homo- and heterochirality regulated blue and red phase polymerization of diacetylene with enantiomeric and racemic gelators. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.05.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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20
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Fuentes-Caparrós AM, de Paula Gómez-Franco F, Dietrich B, Wilson C, Brasnett C, Seddon A, Adams DJ. Annealing multicomponent supramolecular gels. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:3275-3280. [PMID: 30720823 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr09423c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Annealing is widely used as a means of changing the physical properties of a material. The rate of heating and cooling used in the annealing process controls the final properties. Annealing can be used as a means of driving towards the, or at least a, thermodynamic minimum. There is surprisingly little information on annealing kinetically-trapped supramolecular gels. Here, we show that annealing multicomponent gels can be used to prepare materials with tunable mechanical properties. We show that annealing in a two-component gel leads to a self-sorted network, which has significantly different mechanical properties to the as-prepared gels. Whilst the fibres are self-sorted, we show that the annealing of this system leads to significant change in the network level of assembly, and it is this that leads to the increase in storage modulus. We also show that it is possible to selectively anneal only a single component in the mixture.
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