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Chen K, Zhu X, Sun R, Zhao L, Zhao J, Wu X, Wang C, Zeng H. Oleanolic acid derivative self-assembled aggregates based on heparin and chitosan for breast cancer therapy. Int J Biol Macromol 2024:134431. [PMID: 39147629 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2024] [Revised: 07/26/2024] [Accepted: 07/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/17/2024]
Abstract
Oleanolic acid is an active ingredient from natural products with anti-breast cancer activity. However, the poor solubility in water and low bioavailability have limited its effectiveness in clinic. To improve the anticancer activity of oleanolic acid, we synthesized a novel oleanolic quaternary ammonium (QDT), which, driven by electrostatic interactions, was introduced into heparin and coated with chitosan to obtain a QDT/heparin/chitosan nanoaggregate (QDT/HEP/CS NAs). QDT/HEP/CS NAs showed the negative zeta potential (-35.01 ± 4.38 mV), suitable mean particle size (150.45 ± 0.68 nm) with strip shape, and high drug loading (36 %). The coated chitosan had strong anti-leakage characteristics toward QDT under physiological conditions. More importantly, upon sustained release in tumor cells, QDT could significantly decrease the mitochondrial membrane potential and induce apoptosis of breast cancer cells. Further in vivo antitumor study on 4 T1 tumor-bearing mice confirmed the enhanced anticancer efficacy of QDT/HEP/CS NAs via upregulation of caspase-3, caspase-9 and cytochrome C, which was attributed to the high accumulation in tumor via the enhanced permeability and retention effect. Moreover, QDT/HEP/CS NAs significantly enhanced the biosafety and biocompatibility of QDT in vitro and in vivo. Collectively, the development of QDT/HEP/CS NAs with high antitumor activity, favorable biodistribution and good biocompatibility provided a safe, facile and promising strategy to improve the anti-cancer effect of traditional Chinese medicine ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Chen
- Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Research and Development on the Whole Industry Chain of Yu-Yao, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xin Zhu
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Research and Development on the Whole Industry Chain of Yu-Yao, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Ruiqin Sun
- Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Lingzhou Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200080, China
| | - Junwei Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan, China
| | - Xiangxiang Wu
- Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
| | - Can Wang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Research and Development on the Whole Industry Chain of Yu-Yao, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
| | - Huahui Zeng
- Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China; Collaborative Innovation Center of Research and Development on the Whole Industry Chain of Yu-Yao, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
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2
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Chitnelawong P, Klishin AA, Mackay N, Singer DJ, van Anders G. No free lunch for avoiding clustering vulnerabilities in distributed systems. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12789. [PMID: 38834640 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63278-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Emergent design failures are ubiquitous in complex systems, and often arise when system elements cluster. Approaches to systematically reduce clustering could improve a design's resilience, but reducing clustering is difficult if it is driven by collective interactions among design elements. Here, we use techniques from statistical physics to identify mechanisms by which spatial clusters of design elements emerge in complex systems modelled by heterogeneous networks. We find that, in addition to naive, attraction-driven clustering, heterogeneous networks can exhibit emergent, repulsion-driven clustering. We draw quantitative connections between our results on a model system in naval engineering to entropy-driven phenomena in nanoscale self-assembly, and give a general argument that the clustering phenomena we observe should arise in many distributed systems. We identify circumstances under which generic design problems will exhibit trade-offs between clustering and uncertainty in design objectives, and we present a framework to identify and quantify trade-offs to manage clustering vulnerabilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pheerawich Chitnelawong
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics, and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Andrei A Klishin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- AI Institute in Dynamic Systems, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Norman Mackay
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics, and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - David J Singer
- Department of Naval Architecture Marine Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Greg van Anders
- Department of Physics, Engineering Physics, and Astronomy, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada.
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3
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Fokin AA. Long but Strong C-C Single Bonds: Challenges for Theory. CHEM REC 2024; 24:e202300170. [PMID: 37358335 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
Theoretical challenges in describing molecules with anomalously long single C-C bonds are analyzed in terms of the relative contributions of stabilizing and destabilizing intramolecular interactions. Diamondoid dimers that are stable despite the presence of C-C bonds up to 1.7 Å long, as well as other bulky molecules stabilized due to intramolecular noncovalent interactions (London dispersions) are discussed. The unexpected stability of highly crowded molecules, such as diamondoid dimers and tert-butyl-substituted hexaphenylethanes, calls for reconsideration of the "steric effect" traditionally thought to destabilize the molecule. Alternatively, "steric attraction" helps to understand bonding in sterically overloaded molecules, whose structural and energetic analysis requires a proper theoretical description of noncovalent interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey A Fokin
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute, Beresteiskyi Ave 37, Kyiv, Ukraine
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4
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Fokin AA, Bakhonsky VV, Pashenko AE, Bakhiiev E, Becker J, Kunz S, Schreiner PR. Synthesis and Functionalization of Isomeric Sesquihomodiamantenes. J Org Chem 2023; 88:14172-14177. [PMID: 37728993 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
anti- and syn-sesquihomodiamantenes (SDs) were prepared and structurally characterized. anti-SD and parent sesquihomoadamantene were CH-bond functionalized by utilizing a phase-transfer protocol. The density functional theory-computed ionization potentials of unsaturated diamondoid dimers correlate well with the experimental oxidation potentials obtained from cyclic voltammetry. Similar geometries ensue for both the reduced and ionized SD states, whose persistence is supported by the β-hydrogen's spatial sheltering. This makes SDs promising building blocks for the construction of diamond materials with high stability and carrier mobility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey A Fokin
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Igor Sikorsky Kiev Polytechnic Institute, Beresteiskyi Ave. 37, 03056 Kiev, Ukraine
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Vladyslav V Bakhonsky
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Igor Sikorsky Kiev Polytechnic Institute, Beresteiskyi Ave. 37, 03056 Kiev, Ukraine
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Alexander E Pashenko
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Igor Sikorsky Kiev Polytechnic Institute, Beresteiskyi Ave. 37, 03056 Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Emirali Bakhiiev
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Igor Sikorsky Kiev Polytechnic Institute, Beresteiskyi Ave. 37, 03056 Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Jonathan Becker
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Simon Kunz
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- Center for Materials Research, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Peter R Schreiner
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
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5
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Possetto D, Pecnikaj I, Marzari G, Orlandi S, Sereno S, Cavazzini M, Pozzi G, Fungo F. Influence of Polyfluorinated Side Chains and Soft-Template Method on the Surface Morphologies and Hydrophobic Properties of Electrodeposited Films from Fluorene Bridged Dicarbazole Monomers. Chemphyschem 2023; 24:e202200371. [PMID: 36073234 PMCID: PMC10091753 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202200371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
A clear case of relationship between the monomer molecular structure and the capability of tuning the morphology of electrodeposited gas bubbles template polymer thin films is shown. To this end, a series of fluorene-bridged dicarbazole derivatives containing either linear or terminally branched polyfluorinated side chains connected to the fluorene subunit were synthesized and their electrochemical properties were investigated. The new compounds underwent electrochemical polymerization over indium tin oxide electrodes to give hydrophobic films with nanostructural and morphological properties strongly dependent on the nature of the side chains. Gas bubbles templated electropolymerization was next achieved by the addition of tiny amounts of water to the monomer solutions, without using surfactants. Within the investigated set of molecules, the nanostructural properties of the soft-templated films obtained from monomers bearing linear side chains could be fine-tuned by adjusting electrochemical parameters, leading to superhydrophobic surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Possetto
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnologías Energéticas y Materiales AvanzadosIITEMA-UNRC-CONICET) Departamento de QuímicaUniversidad Nacional de Río CuartoAgencia Postal 3X5804BYARío CuartoArgentina
| | - Ilir Pecnikaj
- University of Medicine TiranaDepartment of PharmacyRruga e Dibrës Nr. 371AL1005TiranëAlbania
| | - Gabriela Marzari
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnologías Energéticas y Materiales AvanzadosIITEMA-UNRC-CONICET) Departamento de QuímicaUniversidad Nacional de Río CuartoAgencia Postal 3X5804BYARío CuartoArgentina
| | - Simonetta Orlandi
- CNR Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies “Giulio Natta” (CNR SCITEC)UOS Golgi, via Golgi 1920133MilanItaly
| | - Silvia Sereno
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnologías Energéticas y Materiales AvanzadosIITEMA-UNRC-CONICET) Departamento de QuímicaUniversidad Nacional de Río CuartoAgencia Postal 3X5804BYARío CuartoArgentina
| | - Marco Cavazzini
- CNR Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies “Giulio Natta” (CNR SCITEC)UOS Golgi, via Golgi 1920133MilanItaly
| | - Gianluca Pozzi
- CNR Institute of Chemical Sciences and Technologies “Giulio Natta” (CNR SCITEC)UOS Golgi, via Golgi 1920133MilanItaly
| | - Fernando Fungo
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Tecnologías Energéticas y Materiales AvanzadosIITEMA-UNRC-CONICET) Departamento de QuímicaUniversidad Nacional de Río CuartoAgencia Postal 3X5804BYARío CuartoArgentina
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6
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Paturej J, Koperwas K, Tarnacka M, Jurkiewicz K, Maksym P, Grelska J, Paluch M, Kamiński K. Supramolecular structures of self-assembled oligomers under confinement. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:4930-4936. [PMID: 35730478 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm00343k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We study the molecular origin of a prepeak (PP) observed at low q values in the structure factors of three oligomers in a bulk (poly(mercaptopropyl)methylsiloxane, PMMS, poly(methylmercaptopropyl)-grafted-hexylmethacrylate, PMMS-g-HMA, and poly(methylphenyl)siloxane, PMPS) in order to understand the lowering of the PP intensity detected for oligomers confined in cylindrical pores with low diameter. For this purpose, we use a combination of X-ray diffraction measurements and coarse-grained bead-spring molecular dynamics simulations. Our molecular modelling demonstrated that the planarity of the pendant groups triggers the self-association of oligomers into nanoaggregates. However, the formation of oligomeric nanodomains is not sufficient for building-up the PP. The latter requires spatial disturbance in the arrangement of the side groups of oligomers within clusters. Importantly, our numerical analysis revealed that the increasing degree of the confinement of oligomers limits their aggregation and consequently lowers the amplitude of the PP observed in the experimental data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jarosław Paturej
- August Chełkowski Institute of Physics, University of Silesia in Katowice, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzów, Poland.
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung, Dresden e.V., Hohe Str. 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Kajetan Koperwas
- August Chełkowski Institute of Physics, University of Silesia in Katowice, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzów, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Tarnacka
- August Chełkowski Institute of Physics, University of Silesia in Katowice, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzów, Poland.
| | - Karolina Jurkiewicz
- August Chełkowski Institute of Physics, University of Silesia in Katowice, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzów, Poland.
| | - Paulina Maksym
- Institute of Materials Engineering, University of Silesia, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1a, 41-500 Chorzow, Poland
| | - Joanna Grelska
- August Chełkowski Institute of Physics, University of Silesia in Katowice, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzów, Poland.
| | - Marian Paluch
- August Chełkowski Institute of Physics, University of Silesia in Katowice, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzów, Poland.
| | - Kamil Kamiński
- August Chełkowski Institute of Physics, University of Silesia in Katowice, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1, 41-500 Chorzów, Poland.
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7
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Jeong S, Zhang L, Kim J, Gong J, Choi J, Ok KM, Lee Y, Kwon S, Lee H. Conformational Adaptation of β‐Peptide Foldamers for the Formation of Metal–Peptide Frameworks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202108364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seoneun Jeong
- Center for Multiscale Chiral Architectures Department of Chemistry KAIST 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Lianjin Zhang
- Center for Multiscale Chiral Architectures Department of Chemistry KAIST 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Jaewook Kim
- Center for Multiscale Chiral Architectures Department of Chemistry KAIST 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Jintaek Gong
- Center for Multiscale Chiral Architectures Department of Chemistry KAIST 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34141 Korea
| | - Jonghoon Choi
- Department of Chemistry Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu Seoul 08826 Korea
| | - Kang Min Ok
- Department of Chemistry Sogang University 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu Seoul 04107 Korea
| | - Yunho Lee
- Department of Chemistry Seoul National University 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu Seoul 08826 Korea
| | - Sunbum Kwon
- Department of Chemistry Chung-Ang University 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu Seoul 06974 Korea
| | - Hee‐Seung Lee
- Center for Multiscale Chiral Architectures Department of Chemistry KAIST 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu Daejeon 34141 Korea
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8
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Jeong S, Zhang L, Kim J, Gong J, Choi J, Ok KM, Lee Y, Kwon S, Lee HS. Conformational Adaptation of β-Peptide Foldamers for the Formation of Metal-Peptide Frameworks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 61:e202108364. [PMID: 34469030 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202108364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Metal-coordinated frameworks derived from small peptidic ligands have received much attention thanks to peptides' vast structural and functional diversity. Various peptides with partial conformational preferences have been used to build metal-peptide frameworks, however, the use of conformationally constrained β-peptide foldamers has not been explored yet. Herein we report the first metal-coordination-mediated assembly of β-peptide foldamers with 12-helical folding propensity. The coordination of Ag+ to the terminal pyridyl moieties afforded a set of metal-peptide frameworks with unique entangled topologies. Interestingly, formation of the network structures was accompanied by notable conformational distortions of the foldamer ligands. As the first demonstration of new metal-peptide frameworks built from modular β-peptide foldamers, we anticipate that this work will be an important benchmark for further structural evolution and mechanistic investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seoneun Jeong
- Center for Multiscale Chiral Architectures, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Lianjin Zhang
- Center for Multiscale Chiral Architectures, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Jaewook Kim
- Center for Multiscale Chiral Architectures, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Jintaek Gong
- Center for Multiscale Chiral Architectures, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
| | - Jonghoon Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Kang Min Ok
- Department of Chemistry, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul, 04107, Korea
| | - Yunho Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, 1 Gwanak-ro, Gwanak-gu, Seoul, 08826, Korea
| | - Sunbum Kwon
- Department of Chemistry, Chung-Ang University, 84 Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06974, Korea
| | - Hee-Seung Lee
- Center for Multiscale Chiral Architectures, Department of Chemistry, KAIST, 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34141, Korea
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9
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Reeve JR, Thomas RK, Penfold J. Surface Activity of Ethoxylate Surfactants with Different Hydrophobic Architectures: The Effect of Layer Substructure on Surface Tension and Adsorption. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:9269-9280. [PMID: 34308653 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c01588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A series of nonionic ethoxylate surfactants containing different combinations of alkyl, phenyl, and adamantyl units in nine different arrangements, each combined with penta- and hexa-ethylene glycol groups, were synthesized and purified. The surface properties of all of the surfactants were investigated at the air-water (A-W) interface using surface tension (ST) to determine the limiting surface excess (Γlim), the limiting surface tension (σlim), and the critical micelle concentration (CMC). A smaller selection was investigated at the hydrophilic silica-water interface by neutron reflectometry to obtain the thickness of the adsorbed layer and the total adsorption at the CMC. An unusual and largely unrecognized feature of the ethoxylate group is that it is both hydrophilic and hydrophobic. It was found possible to account for the variation of σlim and Γlim of all of the adsorbed layers in terms of a balance of the estimated STs of the sublayers forming the overall adsorbed layer, including that of the underlying ethoxylate layer. The values of σlim were found to be highest for phenyl- and adamantyl-capped surfactants and lowest mainly when there was more than one methyl group at the surface. However, in terms of the concentration required to reach a given low ST, increasing the number of attached methyl groups was found to be less effective than using a smaller number of better-placed methyl groups. At the solid-liquid interface, adsorption at or above the CMC was in all cases in the form of a fragmented bilayer whose coverage varied approximately linearly with the packing parameter. However, results on the phenyl-capped surfactants showed that the high ST exhibited by these surfactants at the A-W interface becomes a high cohesion energy in the interior of the bilayer and they exhibited significantly higher adsorption than expected from simple packing arguments.
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Affiliation(s)
- James R Reeve
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, U.K
| | - Robert K Thomas
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, U.K
| | - Jeffrey Penfold
- Rutherford-Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0QX, U.K
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory, South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QZ, U.K
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10
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Kalli S, Araya-Cloutier C, Hageman J, Vincken JP. Insights into the molecular properties underlying antibacterial activity of prenylated (iso)flavonoids against MRSA. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14180. [PMID: 34244528 PMCID: PMC8270993 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-92964-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
High resistance towards traditional antibiotics has urged the development of new, natural therapeutics against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Prenylated (iso)flavonoids, present mainly in the Fabaceae, can serve as promising candidates. Herein, the anti-MRSA properties of 23 prenylated (iso)flavonoids were assessed in-vitro. The di-prenylated (iso)flavonoids, glabrol (flavanone) and 6,8-diprenyl genistein (isoflavone), together with the mono-prenylated, 4'-O-methyl glabridin (isoflavan), were the most active anti-MRSA compounds (Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations (MIC) ≤ 10 µg/mL, 30 µM). The in-house activity data was complemented with literature data to yield an extended, curated dataset of 67 molecules for the development of robust in-silico prediction models. A QSAR model having a good fit (R2adj 0.61), low average prediction errors and a good predictive power (Q2) for the training (4% and Q2LOO 0.57, respectively) and the test set (5% and Q2test 0.75, respectively) was obtained. Furthermore, the model predicted well the activity of an external validation set (on average 5% prediction errors), as well as the level of activity (low, moderate, high) of prenylated (iso)flavonoids against other Gram-positive bacteria. For the first time, the importance of formal charge, besides hydrophobic volume and hydrogen-bonding, in the anti-MRSA activity was highlighted, thereby suggesting potentially different modes of action of the different prenylated (iso)flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvia Kalli
- grid.4818.50000 0001 0791 5666Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Carla Araya-Cloutier
- grid.4818.50000 0001 0791 5666Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jos Hageman
- grid.4818.50000 0001 0791 5666Biometris, Applied Statistics, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Jean-Paul Vincken
- grid.4818.50000 0001 0791 5666Laboratory of Food Chemistry, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
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11
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Zhou N, Zhang Y, Huang Z, Guo Z, Zhu C, He J, Chen Q, Sun W, Zhou H. Mobile Media Promotes Orientation of 2D/3D Hybrid Lead Halide Perovskite for Efficient Solar Cells. ACS NANO 2021; 15:8350-8362. [PMID: 33969997 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c09822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
2D/3D hybrid perovskites have shown great environmental stability for use as solar cells. Yet insulating organic cation spacers affect the formation of vertically oriented crystalline grains to hamper carrier transport. To date, the selection of cation spacers is limited because crystal growth kinetics should be strictly obeyed. Here, we adopted a mobile-media-assisted method to fabricate highly oriented 2D/3D hybrid perovskite films, wherein bulky molecules of (C(CH3)3NH3, TBA) are used as cation spacers. We found the compositional volatile salt promote the orientation of perovskite polycrystalline films with various compositions universally. And we obtained efficient solar cells with a photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE) of 17.38% and a certified PCE of 19.30% based on 2D/3D hybrid perovskites an overall stoichiometry matching n = 10 and 20, respectively, which are one of the highest efficiencies among all 2D/3D hybrid perovskite based solar cells so far. These findings largely broaden the selection category of bulky cations and promote further exploration of more functional organic cations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Theory and Technology of Advanced Battery Materials, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, BIC-ESAT, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Theory and Technology of Advanced Battery Materials, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, BIC-ESAT, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
| | - Zijian Huang
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Theory and Technology of Advanced Battery Materials, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, BIC-ESAT, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
| | - Zhenyu Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Theory and Technology of Advanced Battery Materials, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, BIC-ESAT, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
| | - Cheng Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P.R. China
| | - Jingying He
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nano Devices, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
| | - Qi Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, P.R. China
| | - Wentao Sun
- Key Laboratory for the Physics and Chemistry of Nano Devices, Department of Electronics, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
| | - Huanping Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Theory and Technology of Advanced Battery Materials, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, BIC-ESAT, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P.R. China
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12
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel A. Strauss
- Institut für Organische Chemie Justus-Liebig Universität Gießen Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 35392 Gießen Deutschland
- Zentrum für Materialforschung (LaMa) Justus-Liebig Universität Gießen Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16 35392 Gießen Deutschland
| | - Hermann A. Wegner
- Institut für Organische Chemie Justus-Liebig Universität Gießen Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17 35392 Gießen Deutschland
- Zentrum für Materialforschung (LaMa) Justus-Liebig Universität Gießen Heinrich-Buff-Ring 16 35392 Gießen Deutschland
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Abstract
The importance of London dispersion interactions in solution is an ongoing debate. Although the significance of dispersion for structure and stability is widely accepted, the degree of its attenuation in solution is still not properly understood. Quantitative evaluations are derived mostly from computations. Experimental data provide guidelines to include London dispersion in solution phase design. Herein, dispersive interactions were examined with an azobenzene probe. Alkyl substituents in meta positions of the azobenzene core were systematically varied and the effect on the half-lives for the thermally induced Z to E isomerization in several alkane solvents was determined. The results show that intramolecular dispersion is only marginally influenced. In solvents with low surface tension, reduced destabilizing solvent-solvent interactions increase the half-life up to 20 %. Specific individual interactions between alkyl chains on the azobenzene and those of the solvent lead to additional fluctuations of the half-lives. These presumably result from structural changes of the conformer ensemble.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcel A. Strauss
- Institute of Organic ChemistryJustus Liebig University GiessenHeinrich-Buff-Ring 1735392GiessenGermany
- Center for Materials Research (LaMa)Justus Liebig University GiessenHeinrich-Buff-Ring 1635392GiessenGermany
| | - Hermann A. Wegner
- Institute of Organic ChemistryJustus Liebig University GiessenHeinrich-Buff-Ring 1735392GiessenGermany
- Center for Materials Research (LaMa)Justus Liebig University GiessenHeinrich-Buff-Ring 1635392GiessenGermany
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14
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Klishin AA, van Anders G. When does entropy promote local organization? SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:6523-6531. [PMID: 32597444 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm02540e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Crowded soft-matter and biological systems organize locally into preferred motifs. Locally-organized motifs in soft systems can, paradoxically, arise from a drive to maximize overall system entropy. Entropy-driven local order has been directly confirmed in model, synthetic colloidal systems, however similar patterns of organization occur in crowded biological systems ranging from the contents of a cell to collections of cells. In biological settings, and in soft matter more broadly, it is unclear whether entropy generically promotes or inhibits local organization. Resolving this is difficult because entropic effects are intrinsically collective, complicating efforts to isolate them. Here, we employ minimal models that artificially restrict system entropy to show that entropy drives systems toward local organization, even when the model system entropy is below reasonable physical bounds. By establishing this bound, our results suggest that entropy generically promotes local organization in crowded soft and biological systems of rigid objects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei A Klishin
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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