1
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Han T, Tian T, Jiang S, Lu B. Bio-Based Polyurethane-Urea with Self-Healing and Closed-Loop Recyclability Synthesized from Renewable Carbon Dioxide and Vanillin. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:2277. [PMID: 39204497 PMCID: PMC11359345 DOI: 10.3390/polym16162277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2024] [Revised: 07/31/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Developing recyclable and self-healing non-isocyanate polyurethane (NIPU) from renewable resources to replace traditional petroleum-based polyurethane (PU) is crucial for advancing green chemistry and sustainable development. Herein, a series of innovative cross-linked Poly(hydroxyurethane-urea)s (PHUUs) were prepared using renewable carbon dioxide (CO2) and vanillin, which displayed excellent thermal stability properties and solvent resistance. These PHUUs were constructed through the introduction of reversible hydrogen and imine bonds into cross-linked polymer networks, resulting in the cross-linked PHUUs exhibiting thermoplastic-like reprocessability, self healing, and closed-loop recyclability. Notably, the results indicated that the VL-TTD*-50 with remarkable hot-pressed remolding efficiency (nearly 98.0%) and self-healing efficiency (exceeding 95.0%) of tensile strength at 60 °C. Furthermore, they can be degraded in the 1M HCl and THF (v:v = 2:8) solution at room temperature, followed by regeneration without altering their original chemical structure and mechanical properties. This study presents a novel strategy for preparing cross-linked PHUUs with self-healing and closed-loop recyclability from renewable resources as sustainable alternatives for traditional petroleum-based PUs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Han
- School of Medical Informatics, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China;
| | - Tongshuai Tian
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; (T.T.); (S.J.)
| | - Shan Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; (T.T.); (S.J.)
| | - Bo Lu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China; (T.T.); (S.J.)
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2
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Pal A, Wong AR, Lamb JR. Chemically Recyclable, High Molar Mass Polyoxazolidinones via Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization. ACS Macro Lett 2024; 13:502-507. [PMID: 38625148 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.4c00147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
The development of robust methods for the synthesis of chemically recyclable polymers with tunable properties is necessary for the design of next-generation materials. Polyoxazolidinones (POxa), polymers with five-membered urethanes in their backbones, are an attractive target because they are strongly polar and have high thermal stability, but existing step-growth syntheses limit molar masses and methods to chemically recycle POxa to monomer are rare. Herein, we report the synthesis of high molar mass POxa via ring-opening metathesis polymerization of oxazolidinone-fused cyclooctenes. These novel polymers show <5% mass loss up to 382-411 °C and have tunable glass transition temperatures (14-48 °C) controlled by the side chain structure. We demonstrate facile chemical recycling to monomer and repolymerization despite moderately high monomer ring-strain energies, which we hypothesize are facilitated by the conformational restriction introduced by the fused oxazolidinone ring. This method represents the first chain growth synthesis of POxa and provides a versatile platform for the study and application of this emerging subclass of polyurethanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arpan Pal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Allison R Wong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Jessica R Lamb
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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3
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Siragusa F, Crane L, Stiernet P, Habets T, Grignard B, Monbaliu JCM, Detrembleur C. Continuous Flow Synthesis of Functional Isocyanate-Free Poly(oxazolidone)s by Step-Growth Polymerization. ACS Macro Lett 2024; 13:644-650. [PMID: 38717381 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.4c00203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Flow chemistry presents many advantages over batch processes for the fast and continuous production of polymers under more robust, safer, and easily scalable conditions. Although largely exploited for chain-growth polymerizations, it has rarely been applied to step-growth polymerizations (SGP) due to their inherent limitations. Here, we report the facile and fast preparation of an emerging class of nonisocyanate polyurethanes, i.e., CO2-based poly(oxazolidone)s, by SGP in continuous flow reactors. Importantly, we also demonstrate that functional poly(oxazolidone)s are easily prepared by telescoping a flow module where SGP occurs with reagents able to simultaneously promote two polymer derivatizations in a second module, i.e., dehydration followed by cationic thiol-ene to yield poly(N,S-acetal oxazolidone)s. The functional polymer is produced at a high rate and functionalization degree, without requiring the isolation of any intermediates. This work demonstrates the enormous potential of flow technology for the facile and fast continuous production of functional polymers by SGP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabiana Siragusa
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), CESAM Research Unit, University of Liège, Sart-Tilman B6a, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Lionel Crane
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), CESAM Research Unit, University of Liège, Sart-Tilman B6a, 4000 Liège, Belgium
- Center for Integrated Technology and Organic Synthesis (CiTOS), MolSys Research Unit, University of Liège, Sart-Tilman B6a, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Pierre Stiernet
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), CESAM Research Unit, University of Liège, Sart-Tilman B6a, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Thomas Habets
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), CESAM Research Unit, University of Liège, Sart-Tilman B6a, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Bruno Grignard
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), CESAM Research Unit, University of Liège, Sart-Tilman B6a, 4000 Liège, Belgium
- FRITCO2T Platform, CESAM Research Unit, University of Liège, Sart-Tilman B6a, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Jean-Christophe M Monbaliu
- Center for Integrated Technology and Organic Synthesis (CiTOS), MolSys Research Unit, University of Liège, Sart-Tilman B6a, 4000 Liège, Belgium
- WEL Research Institute, 1300 Wavre, Belgium
| | - Christophe Detrembleur
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), CESAM Research Unit, University of Liège, Sart-Tilman B6a, 4000 Liège, Belgium
- WEL Research Institute, 1300 Wavre, Belgium
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4
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Ximenis M, Monot J, Gabirondo E, Jeschke J, Martín-Vaca B, Bourissou D, Sardon H. Boosting the Reactivity of Bis-Lactones to Enable Step-Growth Polymerization at Room Temperature. Macromolecules 2024; 57:3319-3327. [PMID: 38616811 PMCID: PMC11008534 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.3c02527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
The development of new sustainable polymeric materials endowed with improved performances but minimal environmental impact is a major concern, with polyesters as primary targets. Lactones are key monomers thanks to ring-opening polymerization, but their use in step-growth polymerization has remained scarce and challenging. Herein, we report a powerful bis(γ-lactone) (γSL) that was efficiently prepared on a gram scale from malonic acid by Pd-catalyzed cycloisomerization. The γ-exomethylene moieties and the spiro structure greatly enhance its reactivity toward ring-opening and enable step-growth polymerization under mild conditions. Using diols, dithiols, or diamines as comonomers, a variety of regioregular (AB)n copolymers with diverse linkages and functional groups (from oxo-ester to β-thioether lactone and β-hydroxy-lactame) have been readily prepared. Reaction modeling and monitoring revealed the occurrence of an original trans-lactonization process following the first ring-opening of γSL. This peculiar reactivity opens the way to regioregular (ABAC)n terpolymers, as illustrated by the successive step-growth polymerization of γSL with a diol and a diamine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Ximenis
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center Avda. Tolosa
72, 20018 Donostia-San
Sebastian, Spain
| | - Julien Monot
- Laboratoire
Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (UMR 5069), Université de Toulouse (UPS), CNRS, 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Elena Gabirondo
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center Avda. Tolosa
72, 20018 Donostia-San
Sebastian, Spain
| | - Janna Jeschke
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center Avda. Tolosa
72, 20018 Donostia-San
Sebastian, Spain
| | - Blanca Martín-Vaca
- Laboratoire
Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (UMR 5069), Université de Toulouse (UPS), CNRS, 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Didier Bourissou
- Laboratoire
Hétérochimie Fondamentale et Appliquée (UMR 5069), Université de Toulouse (UPS), CNRS, 118 Route de Narbonne, F-31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Haritz Sardon
- POLYMAT
and Department of Polymers and Advanced Materials/Physics, Chemistry
and Technology, University of the Basque
Country UPV/EHU, Joxe
Mari Korta Center Avda. Tolosa 72, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
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5
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Habets T, Seychal G, Caliari M, Raquez JM, Sardon H, Grignard B, Detrembleur C. Covalent Adaptable Networks through Dynamic N, S-Acetal Chemistry: Toward Recyclable CO 2-Based Thermosets. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:25450-25462. [PMID: 37942776 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c10080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2023]
Abstract
Finding new chemistry platforms for easily recyclable polymers has become a key challenge to face environmental concerns and the growing plastics demand. Here, we report a dynamic chemistry between CO2-sourced alkylidene oxazolidones and thiols, delivering circular non-isocyanate polyurethane networks embedding N,S-acetal bonds. The production of oxazolidone monomers from CO2 is facile and scalable starting from cheap reagents. Their copolymerization with a polythiol occurs under mild conditions in the presence of a catalytic amount of acid to furnish polymer networks. The polymer structure is easily tuned by virtue of monomer design, translating into a wide panel of mechanical properties similar to commodity plastics, ranging from PDMS-like elastomers [with Young's modulus (E) of 2.9 MPa and elongation at break (εbreak) of 159%] to polystyrene-like rigid plastics (with E = 2400 MPa, εbreak = 3%). The highly dissociative nature of the N,S-acetal bonds is demonstrated and exploited to offer three different recycling scenarios to the thermosets: (1) mechanical recycling by compression molding, extrusion, or injection molding─with multiple recycling (at least 10 times) without any material property deterioration, (2) chemical recycling through depolymerization, followed by repolymerization, also applicable to composites, and (3) upcycling of two different oxazolidone-based thermosets into a single one with distinct properties. This work highlights a new facile and scalable chemical platform for designing highly dynamic polymer networks containing elusive oxazolidone motifs. The versatility of this chemistry shows great potential for the preparation of materials (including composites) of tuneable structures and properties, with multiple end-of-life scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Habets
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), CESAM Research Unit, University of Liege, Sart-Tilman B6a, 4000 Liege, Belgium
| | - Guillem Seychal
- Laboratory of Polymeric and Composite Materials, Center of Innovation and Research in Materials and Polymers (CIRMAP), University of Mons UMONS, Place du Parc 20, 7000 Mons, Belgium
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Avda. Tolosa 7, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Marco Caliari
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), CESAM Research Unit, University of Liege, Sart-Tilman B6a, 4000 Liege, Belgium
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Avda. Tolosa 7, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Jean-Marie Raquez
- Laboratory of Polymeric and Composite Materials, Center of Innovation and Research in Materials and Polymers (CIRMAP), University of Mons UMONS, Place du Parc 20, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Haritz Sardon
- POLYMAT, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Joxe Mari Korta Center, Avda. Tolosa 7, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Bruno Grignard
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), CESAM Research Unit, University of Liege, Sart-Tilman B6a, 4000 Liege, Belgium
- FRITCO2T Platform, University of Liege, Sart-Tilman B6a, 4000 Liege, Belgium
| | - Christophe Detrembleur
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), CESAM Research Unit, University of Liege, Sart-Tilman B6a, 4000 Liege, Belgium
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6
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Wong AR, Barrera M, Pal A, Lamb JR. Improved Characterization of Polyoxazolidinones by Incorporating Solubilizing Side Chains. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c02104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Allison R. Wong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota─Twin Cities, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota55455, United States
| | - Melissa Barrera
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota─Twin Cities, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota55455, United States
| | - Arpan Pal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota─Twin Cities, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota55455, United States
| | - Jessica R. Lamb
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota─Twin Cities, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota55455, United States
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7
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The tandem reaction of propargylamine/propargyl alcohol with CO2: Reaction mechanism, catalyst activity and product diversity. J CO2 UTIL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2022.102192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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8
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Ngassam Tounzoua C, Grignard B, Detrembleur C. Exovinylene Cyclic Carbonates: Multifaceted CO 2 -Based Building Blocks for Modern Chemistry and Polymer Science. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202116066. [PMID: 35266271 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202116066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Carbon dioxide is a renewable, inexhaustible, and cheap alternative to fossil resources for the production of fine chemicals and plastics. It can notably be converted into exovinylene cyclic carbonates, unique synthons gaining momentum for the preparation of an impressive range of important organic molecules and functional polymers, in reactions proceeding with 100 % atom economy under mild operating conditions in most cases. This Review summarizes the recent advances in their synthesis with particular attention on describing the catalysts needed for their preparation and discussing the unique reactivity of these CO2 -based heterocycles for the construction of diverse organic building blocks and (functional) polymers. We also discuss the challenges and the future perspectives in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlène Ngassam Tounzoua
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), CESAM Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Liege, 13 allée du 6 août, buiding B6a, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Bruno Grignard
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), CESAM Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Liege, 13 allée du 6 août, buiding B6a, 4000, Liège, Belgium
| | - Christophe Detrembleur
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), CESAM Research Unit, Department of Chemistry, University of Liege, 13 allée du 6 août, buiding B6a, 4000, Liège, Belgium
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9
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Tounzoua CN, Grignard B, Detrembleur C. Exovinylene Cyclic Carbonates: Multifaceted CO2‐Based Building Blocks for Modern Chemistry and Polymer Science. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202116066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Bruno Grignard
- University of Liege: Universite de Liege Chemistry BELGIUM
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10
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Tandem Reactions Based on the Cyclization of Carbon Dioxide and Propargylic Alcohols: Derivative Applications of α-Alkylidene Carbonates. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12010073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
As a well-known greenhouse gas, carbon dioxide (CO2) has attracted increasing levels of attention in areas of energy, environment, climate, etc. Notably, CO2 is an abundant, nonflammable, and renewable C1 feedstock in view of chemistry. Therefore, the transformation of CO2 into organic compounds is an extremely attractive research topic in modern green and sustainable chemistry. Among the numerous CO2 utilization methods, carboxylative cycloaddition of CO2 into propargylic alcohols is an ideal route due to the corresponding products, α-alkylidene cyclic carbonates, which are a series of highly functionalized compounds that supply numerous potential methods for the construction of various synthetically and biologically valuable agents. This cyclization reaction has been intensively studied and systematically summarized, in the past years. Therefore, attention has been gradually transferred to produce more derivative compounds. Herein, the tandem reactions of this cyclization with hydration, amination, alcoholysis, and isomerization to synthesize α-hydroxyl ketones, oxazolidinones, carbamates, unsymmetrical carbonates, tetronic acids, ethylene carbonates, etc. were systematically reviewed.
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11
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Habets T, Siragusa F, Muller A, Grossman Q, Ruffoni D, Grignard B, Detrembleur C. Facile construction of functional poly(monothiocarbonate)s copolymers under mild operating conditions. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00307d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The installation of both oxazolidone and thiocarbonate linkages within a single polymer backbone remains elusive by simple procedures under mild conditions. In this work, we report the construction of copolymers...
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12
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Johnson C, Dabral S, Rudolf P, Licht U, Hashmi ASK, Schaub T. Liquid‐liquid‐phase Synthesis of
exo
‐Vinylene Carbonates from Primary Propargylic Alcohols: Catalyst Design and Recycling. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202001551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chloë Johnson
- Catalysis Research Laboratory (CaRLa) Im Neuenheimer Feld 584 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Saumya Dabral
- Catalysis Research Laboratory (CaRLa) Im Neuenheimer Feld 584 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Peter Rudolf
- BASF SE Carl-Bosch-Str.38 67056 Ludwigshafen Germany
| | - Ulrike Licht
- BASF SE Carl-Bosch-Str.38 67056 Ludwigshafen Germany
| | - A. Stephen K. Hashmi
- Catalysis Research Laboratory (CaRLa) Im Neuenheimer Feld 584 69120 Heidelberg Germany
- Organisch-Chemisches Institut Heidelberg University Im Neuenheimer Feld 270 69120 Heidelberg Germany
| | - Thomas Schaub
- Catalysis Research Laboratory (CaRLa) Im Neuenheimer Feld 584 69120 Heidelberg Germany
- BASF SE Carl-Bosch-Str.38 67056 Ludwigshafen Germany
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