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Sun W, Lu K, Wang L, Hao Q, Liu J, Wang Y, Wu Z, Chen H. Introducing SuFEx click chemistry into aliphatic polycarbonates: a novel toolbox/platform for post-modification as biomaterials. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:5203-5210. [PMID: 35734968 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb01052f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
As a biodegradable and biocompatible biomaterial, aliphatic polycarbonates (APCs) have attracted substantial attention in terms of post-polymerization modification (PPM) for functionalization. A strategy for the introduction of sulfur(VI)-fluoride exchange (SuFEx) click chemistry into APCs for PPM is proposed for the first time in this work. 4'-(Fluorosulfonyl)benzyl 5-methyl-2-oxo-1,3-dioxane-5-carboxylate (FMC) was designed as a SuFEx clickable cyclic carbonate for APCs via ring-opening polymerization (ROP), and an operational and nontoxic synthetic route was achieved. FMC managed to undergo both ROP and PPM through the SuFEx click chemistry organocatalytically without constraining or antagonizing each other, using 1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4,4,0]dec-5-ene (TBD) as a co-organocatalyst here. Its ROP was systematically investigated, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed to understand the acid-base catalytic mechanism in the anionic ROP. Exploratory investigations into PPM by SuFEx of poly(FMC) were conducted as biomaterials, and the one-pot strategies to achieve both ROP and SuFEx were confirmed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Sun
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Kunyan Lu
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Ling Wang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Qing Hao
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Jingrui Liu
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Yong Wang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Zhaoqiang Wu
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
| | - Hong Chen
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, P. R. China.
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Tan J, Zhao Y, Hedrick JL, Yang YY. Effects of Hydrophobicity on Antimicrobial Activity, Selectivity, and Functional Mechanism of Guanidinium-Functionalized Polymers. Adv Healthc Mater 2022; 11:e2100482. [PMID: 33987953 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202100482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2021] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
In this study, a series of guanidinium-functionalized polycarbonate random co-polymers is prepared from organocatalytic ring-opening polymerization to investigate the effect of the hydrophobic side chain (ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, benzyl, and hexyl) on their antimicrobial activity and selectivity. Although the polymers exhibit similar minimum inhibitory concentrations, the more hydrophobic polymers exhibit a faster rate of bacteria elimination. At higher percentage content (20 mol%), polymers with more hydrophobic side chains suffer from poor selectivity due to their high hemolytic activity. The highly hydrophobic co-polymer, containing the hydrophobic hexyl-functionalized cyclic carbonate, kills bacteria via a membrane-disruptive mechanism. Micelle formation leads to a lower extent of membrane disruption. This study unravels the effects of hydrophobic side chains on the activities of the polymers and their killing mechanism, providing insights into the design of new antimicrobial polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jason Tan
- Institute of Bioengineering and Bioimaging 31 Biopolis Way Singapore 138669 Singapore
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - Yanli Zhao
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link Singapore 637371 Singapore
| | - James L. Hedrick
- IBM Almaden Research Center 650 Harry Road San Jose CA 95120 USA
| | - Yi Yan Yang
- Institute of Bioengineering and Bioimaging 31 Biopolis Way Singapore 138669 Singapore
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Hedrick JL, Piunova V, Park NH, Erdmann T, Arrechea PL. Simple and Efficient Synthesis of Functionalized Cyclic Carbonate Monomers Using Carbon Dioxide. ACS Macro Lett 2022; 11:368-375. [PMID: 35575375 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.2c00060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Aliphatic polycarbonates represent an important class of materials with diverse applications ranging from battery electrolytes, polyurethane intermediates, and materials for biomedical applications. These materials can be produced via the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of six- to eight-membered cyclic carbonates derived from precursor 1,3- and 1,5-diols. These diols can contain a range of functional groups depending on the desired thermal, mechanical, and solution properties. Generally, the ring closure to form the cyclic carbonate requires the use of undesirable and hazardous reagents. Advances in synthetic methodologies and catalysis have enabled the use of carbon dioxide (CO2) to perform these transformations with a high conversion of diol to cyclic carbonate, yet modest isolated yields due to oligomerization side reactions. In this Letter, we evaluate a series of bases in the presence of p-toluenesulfonyl chloride and the appropriate diol to better understand their effect on the yield and presence of oligomer byproducts during cyclic carbonate formation from CO2. From this study, N,N-tetramethylethylenediamine (TMEDA) was identified as an optimal base, facilitating the preparation of a diverse array of both six- and eight-membered carbonates from CO2 within 10 to 15 min. The robust conditions for both, the preparation of the diol precursor, and the TMEDA-mediated carbonate synthesis enabled readily telescoping the two-step reaction sequence, greatly simplifying the process of monomer preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- James L. Hedrick
- IBM Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Road, San Jose, California 95120, United States
| | - Victoria Piunova
- IBM Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Road, San Jose, California 95120, United States
| | - Nathaniel H. Park
- IBM Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Road, San Jose, California 95120, United States
| | - Tim Erdmann
- IBM Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Road, San Jose, California 95120, United States
| | - Pedro L. Arrechea
- IBM Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Road, San Jose, California 95120, United States
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Wang C, Zhang X, Zhao W, Liu X, Wang Q, Sun J. Synthesis of Aliphatic Hyperbranched Polycarbonates via Organo-Catalyzed “A1+B2”-Ring-Opening Polymerization. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c02174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Chengliang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Zhengzhou Rd. 53, Qingdao CN-266042, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Zhengzhou Rd. 53, Qingdao CN-266042, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Zhengzhou Rd. 53, Qingdao CN-266042, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Zhengzhou Rd. 53, Qingdao CN-266042, China
| | - Qingfu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Zhengzhou Rd. 53, Qingdao CN-266042, China
| | - Jingjiang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics, Ministry of Education, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Zhengzhou Rd. 53, Qingdao CN-266042, China
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Watanabe Y, Takaoka S, Haga Y, Kishi K, Hakozaki S, Narumi A, Kato T, Tanaka M, Fukushima K. Organic carboxylate salt-enabled alternative synthetic routes for bio-functional cyclic carbonates and aliphatic polycarbonates. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00705c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A cyclic carbonate with an ammonium carboxylate residue was found to serve as a nucleophile for esterification with alkyl bromides via the SN2 mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuya Watanabe
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Shunya Takaoka
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Yuta Haga
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Kohei Kishi
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Shunta Hakozaki
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Atsushi Narumi
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Takashi Kato
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Masaru Tanaka
- Institute for Materials Chemistry and Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Kazuki Fukushima
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Yamagata University, 4-3-16 Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
- Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), PRESTO, 4-1-8 Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
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Kuroki A, Tay J, Lee GH, Yang YY. Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Peptides and Polymers. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2101113. [PMID: 34599850 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202101113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2021] [Revised: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
As the human cost of the pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is still being witnessed worldwide, the development of broad-spectrum antiviral agents against emerging and re-emerging viruses is seen as a necessity to hamper the spread of infections. Various targets during the viral life-cycle can be considered to inhibit viral infection, from viral attachment to viral fusion or replication. Macromolecules represent a particularly attractive class of therapeutics due to their multivalency and versatility. Although several antiviral macromolecules hold great promise in clinical applications, the emergence of resistance after prolonged exposure urges the need for improved solutions. In the present article, the recent advancement in the discovery of antiviral peptides and polymers with diverse structural features and antiviral mechanisms is reviewed. Future perspectives, such as, the development of virucidal peptides/polymers and their coatings against SARS-CoV-2 infection, standardization of antiviral testing protocols, and use of artificial intelligence or machine learning as a tool to accelerate the discovery of antiviral macromolecules, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnès Kuroki
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore 117597 Singapore
- Institute of Bioengineering and Bioimaging 31 Biopolis Ways, The Nanos Singapore 138669 Singapore
| | - Joyce Tay
- Institute of Bioengineering and Bioimaging 31 Biopolis Ways, The Nanos Singapore 138669 Singapore
| | - Guan Huei Lee
- Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine National University of Singapore Singapore 117597 Singapore
| | - Yi Yan Yang
- Institute of Bioengineering and Bioimaging 31 Biopolis Ways, The Nanos Singapore 138669 Singapore
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