1
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van Westerveld L, Pelras T, Hofman AH, Loos K, Kamperman M, Es Sayed J. Effect of Polyelectrolyte Charge Density on the Linear Viscoelastic Behavior and Processing of Complex Coacervate Adhesives. Macromolecules 2024; 57:652-663. [PMID: 38283122 PMCID: PMC10810003 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.3c02352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
It is well-known that the phase behavior and physicochemical and adhesive properties of complex coacervates are readily tuneable with the salt concentration of the medium. For toxicity reasons, however, the maximum applicable salt concentration in biomedical applications is typically low. Consequently, other strategies must be implemented in order to optimize the properties of the resulting complex coacervates. In this work, the effect of the charge density of a strong polyanion on the properties of complex coacervates was studied. To control this charge density, statistical anionic/charge-neutral hydrophilic copolymers were synthesized by means of an elegant protection/deprotection strategy and subsequently complexed with a strong polycation. The resulting complexes were observed to have an increasing water content as well as faster relaxation dynamics, with either increasing salt concentration or decreasing charge density. Time-salt and time-salt-charge density superpositions could be performed and showed that the relaxation mechanism of the complex coacervates remained unchanged. When the charge density was decreased, lower salt concentration complexes became suitable for viscoelastic adhesion with improved injectability. Such complex coacervates are promising candidates for injectable biomedical adhesives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Larissa van Westerveld
- Polymer
Science, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh
4, Groningen 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Théophile Pelras
- Polymer
Science, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh
4, Groningen 9747 AG, The Netherlands
- Macromolecular
Chemistry and New Polymeric Materials, Zernike Institute for Advanced
Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Anton H. Hofman
- Polymer
Science, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh
4, Groningen 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Katja Loos
- Macromolecular
Chemistry and New Polymeric Materials, Zernike Institute for Advanced
Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Marleen Kamperman
- Polymer
Science, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh
4, Groningen 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Julien Es Sayed
- Polymer
Science, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh
4, Groningen 9747 AG, The Netherlands
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2
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Sharma R, Shrivastava P, Gautam L, Agrawal U, Mohana Lakshmi S, Vyas SP. Rationally designed block copolymer-based nanoarchitectures: An emerging paradigm for effective drug delivery. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103786. [PMID: 37742910 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Various polymeric materials have been investigated to produce unique modes of delivery for drug modules to achieve either temporal or spatial control of bioactives delivery. However, after intravenous administration, phagocytic cells quickly remove these nanostructures from the systemic circulation via the reticuloendothelial system (RES). To overcome these concerns, ecofriendly block copolymers are increasingly being investigated as innovative carriers for the delivery of bioactives. In this review, we discuss the design, fabrication techniques, and recent advances in the development of block copolymers and their applications as drug carrier systems to improve the physicochemical and pharmacological attributes of bioactives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajeev Sharma
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Madhya Pradesh, Gwalior, MP 474005, India
| | - Priya Shrivastava
- Drug Delivery Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, MP 470003, India
| | - Laxmikant Gautam
- Drug Delivery Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, MP 470003, India; Babulal Tarabai Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, Sagar, M.P., 470228
| | - Udita Agrawal
- Drug Delivery Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, MP 470003, India
| | - S Mohana Lakshmi
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University Madhya Pradesh, Gwalior, MP 474005, India
| | - Suresh P Vyas
- Drug Delivery Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr Harisingh Gour Central University, Sagar, MP 470003, India.
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3
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Pelras T, Eisenga A, Érsek G, Altomare A, Portale G, Kamperman M, Loos K. One-Pot Synthesis of Strong Anionic/Charge-Neutral Amphiphilic Block Copolymers. ACS Macro Lett 2023; 12:1071-1078. [PMID: 37462370 PMCID: PMC10433517 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.3c00355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Despite the ever more versatile polymerization techniques that are becoming available, the synthesis of macromolecules with tailored functionalities can remain a lengthy endeavor. This becomes more conspicuous when the implementation of incompatible chemistries (i.e., strong polyelectrolytes) within sequence-controlled polymers is desired, often requiring (i) polymerization, (ii) chain extension, and (iii) postpolymerization modification. Herein, we explore the production of strong anionic/charge-neutral block copolymers (BCPs) in a one-pot fashion. This straightforward three-step process includes the synthesis of a macroinitiator and chain extension via rapid and efficient photomediated atom transfer radical polymerization, followed by in situ deprotection to expose the polyanionic domains. The resulting BCPs, which are strong amphiphiles by nature, are capable of self-assembly in aqueous media, as evidenced by dynamic light scattering, small-angle X-ray scattering, ζ-potential measurements, and transmission electron microscopy. We further demonstrate the versatility of our methodology by producing several BCPs through sampling of a single reaction mixture, enabling the straightforward production of strong polymer amphiphiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Théophile Pelras
- Macromolecular
Chemistry and New Polymeric Materials, Zernike Institute for Advanced
Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - András Eisenga
- Macromolecular
Chemistry and New Polymeric Materials, Zernike Institute for Advanced
Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
- Polymer
Science, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Gábor Érsek
- Physical
Chemistry of Polymeric and Nanostructured Materials, Zernike Institute
for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Aldo Altomare
- Macromolecular
Chemistry and New Polymeric Materials, Zernike Institute for Advanced
Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Giuseppe Portale
- Physical
Chemistry of Polymeric and Nanostructured Materials, Zernike Institute
for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Marleen Kamperman
- Polymer
Science, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Katja Loos
- Macromolecular
Chemistry and New Polymeric Materials, Zernike Institute for Advanced
Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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4
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Maan AM, Graafsma CN, Hofman AH, Pelras T, de Vos WM, Kamperman M. Scalable Fabrication of Reversible Antifouling Block Copolymer Coatings via Adsorption Strategies. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:19682-19694. [PMID: 37016820 PMCID: PMC10119854 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c01060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Fouling remains a widespread challenge as its nonspecific and uncontrollable character limits the performance of materials and devices in numerous applications. Although many promising antifouling coatings have been developed to reduce or even prevent this undesirable adhesion process, most of them suffer from serious limitations, specifically in scalability. Whereas scalability can be particularly problematic for covalently bound antifouling polymer coatings, replacement by physisorbed systems remains complicated as it often results in less effective, low-density films. In this work, we introduce a two-step adsorption strategy to fabricate high-density block copolymer-based antifouling coatings on hydrophobic surfaces, which exhibit superior properties compared to one-step adsorbed coatings. The obtained hybrid coating manages to effectively suppress the attachment of both lysozyme and bovine serum albumin, which can be explained by its dense and homogeneous surface structure as well as the desired polymer conformation. In addition, the intrinsic reversibility of the adhered complex coacervate core micelles allows for the successful triggered release and regeneration of the hybrid coating, resulting in full recovery of its antifouling properties. The simplicity and reversibility make this a unique and promising antifouling strategy for large-scale underwater applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna M.
C. Maan
- Polymer
Science, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Chantal N. Graafsma
- Polymer
Science, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Anton H. Hofman
- Polymer
Science, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Théophile Pelras
- Macromolecular
Chemistry and New Polymeric Materials, Zernike Institute for Advanced
Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wiebe M. de Vos
- Membrane
Science and Technology, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Marleen Kamperman
- Polymer
Science, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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