1
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Suraeva O, Kaltbeitzel A, Landfester K, Wurm FR, Lieberwirth I. Nanoscale Control of the Surface Functionality of Polymeric 2D Materials. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023:e2206454. [PMID: 36929281 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Typically, 2D nanosheets have a homogeneous surface, making them a major challenge to structure. This study proposes a novel concept of 2D organic nanosheets with a heterogeneously functionalized surface. This work achieves this by consecutively crystallizing two precisely synthesized polymers with different functional groups in the polymer backbone in a two-step process. First, the core platelet is formed and then the second polymer is crystallized around it. As a result, the central area of the platelets has a different surface functionality than the periphery. This concept offers two advantages: the resulting polymeric 2D platelets are stable in dispersion, which simplifies further processing and makes both crystal surfaces accessible for subsequent functionalization. Additionally, a wide variety of polymers can be used, making the process and the choice of surface functionalization very flexible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana Suraeva
- Department of Physical Chemistry of Polymers, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Anke Kaltbeitzel
- Department of Physical Chemistry of Polymers, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Katharina Landfester
- Department of Physical Chemistry of Polymers, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Frederik R Wurm
- Department of Physical Chemistry of Polymers, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ingo Lieberwirth
- Department of Physical Chemistry of Polymers, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128, Mainz, Germany
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2
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Zhang H, Song YX, Li N, Wang SJ, Hu J, Xin R, Zhang J, Song CF, Yan SK. Influence of Freezing Layer on the Crystallization Kinetics of PCL on Oriented PE Film. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-023-2929-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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3
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Haider TP, Suraeva O, Lieberwirth I, Paneth P, Wurm FR. RNA-inspired intramolecular transesterification accelerates the hydrolysis of polyethylene-like polyphosphoesters. Chem Sci 2021; 12:16054-16064. [PMID: 35024127 PMCID: PMC8672729 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc05509g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
To synthesize new (bio)degradable alternatives to commodity polymers, adapting natural motives can be a promising approach. We present the synthesis and characterization of degradable polyethylene (PE)-like polyphosphoesters, which exhibit increased degradation rates due to an intra-molecular transesterification similar to RNA. An α,ω-diene monomer was synthesized in three steps starting from readily available compounds. By acyclic diene metathesis (ADMET) polymerization, PE-like polymers with molecular weights up to 38 400 g mol-1 were obtained. Post-polymerization functionalization gave fully saturated and semicrystalline polymers with a precise spacing of 20 CH2 groups between each phosphate group carrying an ethoxy hydroxyl side chain. This side chain was capable of intramolecular transesterification with the main-chain similar to RNA-hydrolysis, mimicking the 2'-OH group of ribose. Thermal properties were characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC (T m ca. 85 °C)) and the crystal structure was investigated by wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS). Polymer films immersed in aqueous solutions at different pH values proved an accelerated degradation compared to structurally similar polyphosphoesters without pendant ethoxy hydroxyl groups. Polymer degradation proceeded also in artificial seawater (pH = 8), while the polymer was stable at physiological pH of 7.4. The degradation mechanism followed the intra-molecular "RNA-inspired" transesterification which was detected by NMR spectroscopy as well as by monitoring the hydrolysis of a polymer blend of a polyphosphoester without pendant OH-group and the RNA-inspired polymer, proving selective hydrolysis of the latter. This mechanism has been further supported by the DFT calculations. The "RNA-inspired" degradation of polymers could play an important part in accelerating the hydrolysis of polymers and plastics in natural environments, e.g. seawater.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias P Haider
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Oksana Suraeva
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Ingo Lieberwirth
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research Ackermannweg 10 55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Piotr Paneth
- International Center for Research on Innovative Biobased Materials (ICRI-BioM), Lodz University of Technology Zeromskiego 116 90-924 Lodz Poland
| | - Frederik R Wurm
- Sustainable Polymer Chemistry, Department of Molecules and Materials, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiteit Twente PO Box 217 7500 AE Enschede The Netherlands
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4
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Haider T, Suraeva O, Lieberwirth I, Wurm FR. Terpyridine-Induced Folding of Anisotropic Polyphosphoester Platelets. ACS POLYMERS AU 2021; 1:123-130. [PMID: 36855426 PMCID: PMC9954280 DOI: 10.1021/acspolymersau.1c00021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The folding of macromolecules is of great importance in nature. Also in synthetic polymer chemistry, single-chain nanoparticles, i.e. folding synthetic macromolecules, are a current research topic to mimic protein folding and to generate well-defined structures. Here, we present the "folding" of anisotropic polymer platelets to further mimic natural folding processes on the (sub)micrometer scale. We report on the synthesis of terpyridine-functionalized long-chain polyphosphoesters by acyclic diene metathesis polymerization that can crystallize in dilute solution into anisotropic polymer crystal platelets. As the terpyridine units are expelled to the platelet surface, terpyridine-metal interactions could be induced by adding nickel(II) bis(acetylacetonate) (Ni(acac)2) to the platelet dispersion in ethyl acetate. These polymer crystals were "folded" to homogeneous nanoparticles with a wrinkled structure, which were visualized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The size and size distribution of the obtained assemblies could be altered by varying the concentration of Ni(acac)2. In contrast, no wrinkled structures but rather intrachain cross-linking was observed, when Ni(acac)2 was added to the homogeneous polymer solution before crystallization. We believe that this concept of "folding" anisotropic polymer platelets will further enhance the control of morphologies on (sub)micrometer particles and might be useful for catalysis or separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias
P. Haider
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Oksana Suraeva
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Ingo Lieberwirth
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Frederik R. Wurm
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany,Sustainable
Polymer Chemistry, Department of Molecules and Materials, MESA+ Institute
for Nanotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiteit Twente, PO Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands,Email for F.R.W.:
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5
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Suraeva O, Jeong B, Asadi K, Landfester K, Wurm FR, Lieberwirth I. Polymer defect engineering – conductive 2D organic platelets from precise thiophene-doped polyethylene. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00117e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis and crystallization of polyethylene with precisely positioned thiophene groups were used to produce polymer crystals with a conductive surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana Suraeva
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - Beomjin Jeong
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - Kamal Asadi
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | | | - Frederik R. Wurm
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
- Sustainable Polymer Chemistry Group
- MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology
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6
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Hasan N, Busse K, Haider T, Wurm FR, Kressler J. Crystallization of Poly(ethylene)s with Regular Phosphoester Defects Studied at the Air-Water Interface. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E2408. [PMID: 33086637 PMCID: PMC7650800 DOI: 10.3390/polym12102408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Poly(ethylene) (PE) is a commonly used semi-crystalline polymer which, due to the lack of polar groups in the repeating unit, is not able to form Langmuir or Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) films. This problem can be solved using PEs with hydrophilic groups arranged at regular distances within the polymer backbone. With acyclic diene metathesis (ADMET) polymerization, a tool for precise addition of polar groups after a certain interval of methylene sequence is available. In this study, we demonstrate the formation of Langmuir/LB films from two different PEs with regular phosphoester groups, acting as crystallization defects in the main chain. After spreading the polymers from chloroform solution on the water surface of a Langmuir trough and solvent evaporation, the surface pressure is recorded during compression under isothermal condition. These π-A isotherms, surface pressure π vs. mean area per repeat unit A, show a plateau zone at surface pressures of ~ (6 to 8) mN/m, attributed to the formation of crystalline domains of the PEs as confirmed by Brewster angle and epifluorescence microscopy. PE with ethoxy phosphoester defects (Ethoxy-PPE) forms circular shape domains, whereas Methyl-PPE-co-decadiene with methyl phosphoester defects and two different methylene sequences between the defects exhibits a film-like morphology. The domains/films are examined by atomic force microscopy after transferring them to a solid support. The thickness of the domains/films is found in the range from ~ (2.4 to 3.2) nm depending on the transfer pressure. A necessity of chain tilt in the crystalline domains is also confirmed. Grazing incidence X-ray scattering measurements in LB films show a single Bragg reflection at a scattering vector qxy position of ~ 15.1 nm-1 known from crystalline PE samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazmul Hasan
- Institute of Chemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06099 Halle, Germany; (N.H.); (K.B.)
| | - Karsten Busse
- Institute of Chemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06099 Halle, Germany; (N.H.); (K.B.)
| | - Tobias Haider
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, D-55128 Mainz, Germany;
| | - Frederik R. Wurm
- Sustainable Polymer Chemistry Group, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universiteit Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands;
| | - Jörg Kressler
- Institute of Chemistry, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06099 Halle, Germany; (N.H.); (K.B.)
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7
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Suraeva O, Champanhac C, Mailänder V, Wurm FR, Weiss H, Berger R, Mezger M, Landfester K, Lieberwirth I. Vitamin C Loaded Polyethylene: Synthesis and Properties of Precise Polyethylene with Vitamin C Defects via Acyclic Diene Metathesis Polycondensation. Macromolecules 2020; 53:2932-2941. [PMID: 32595236 PMCID: PMC7311085 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
![]()
A polyethylene-like
polymer with an in-chain vitamin C group was
synthesized by olefin metathesis polymerization. Here, we describe
both the synthesis and a comprehensive physical characterization.
Because of the olefin metathesis synthesis, the vitamin C groups are
equidistantly arranged in the polyethylene (PE) main chain. Their
separation was adjusted to 20 CH2 units. After hydrogenation,
a semicrystalline polymer is obtained that is soluble in polar solvents.
Because of its size and steric effect, the vitamin C acts as a chain
defect, which is expelled from the crystal lattice, yielding a lamellar
crystal with a homogeneous thickness corresponding to the interdefect
distance. The physical properties were examined by various methods
including differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray scattering, and
transmission electron microscopy. We show that vitamin C retains its
radical scavenger properties despite being incorporated into a polyethylene
chain. Furthermore, we demonstrate that it is degrading in alkaline
conditions. To complete its suitability as a biocompatible material,
cytotoxicity and cell uptake experiments were performed. We show that
the polymer is nontoxic and that it is taken up in nanoparticular
form via endocytosis processes into the cytoplasm of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana Suraeva
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Carole Champanhac
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Volker Mailänder
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany.,Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Frederik R Wurm
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Henning Weiss
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Rüdiger Berger
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Markus Mezger
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Katharina Landfester
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Ingo Lieberwirth
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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8
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Markwart JC, Suraeva O, Haider T, Lieberwirth I, Graf R, Wurm FR. Defect engineering of polyethylene-like polyphosphoesters: solid-state NMR characterization and surface chemistry of anisotropic polymer nanoplatelets. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py01352h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Polyethylene-like polyphosphoesters crystallized from dilute solution into anisotropic nanoplatelets. As proven by solid-state NMR, the phosphate groups are expelled to the surface and on-surface chemistry was conducted leaving the crystals intact.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Oksana Suraeva
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - Tobias Haider
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | | | - Robert Graf
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - Frederik R. Wurm
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
- “Sustainable Polymer Chemistry”
- MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology
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9
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Shen H, Leng X, Han L, Liu P, Li C, Zhang S, Lei L, Ma H, Li Y. Investigating the effect of grafting density on the surface properties for sequence-determined fluoropolymer films. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py01108h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Six sequence-determined fluoropolymers were synthesized and their surface properties were affected by their grafting densities. The reason can be attributed to the assembled structure of the perfluoroalkyl chains at the surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heyu Shen
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- China
| | - Xuefei Leng
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- China
| | - Li Han
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- China
| | - Pibo Liu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- China
| | - Chao Li
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- China
| | - Songbo Zhang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- China
| | - Lan Lei
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- China
| | - Hongwei Ma
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- China
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- School of Chemical Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- China
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10
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Haider T, Suraeva O, O'Duill ML, Mars J, Mezger M, Lieberwirth I, Wurm FR. Controlling the crystal structure of precisely spaced polyethylene-like polyphosphoesters. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00272k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis and crystallization behavior of polyethylene-like polyphosphates with a precise spacing of 20, 30, and 40 methylene groups between each phosphate group, which determined the crystal structure, lamellar, and crystal thickness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Haider
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - Oksana Suraeva
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | | | - Julian Mars
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - Markus Mezger
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
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11
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Zheng YJ, Yang GW, Li B, Wu GP. Construction of polyphosphoesters with the main chain of rigid backbones and stereostructures via organocatalyzed ring-opening polymerization. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00262c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
A highly stereoregular polyphosphoester with a rigid cyclohexylene structure in the main chain was constructed via ring-opening polymerization (ROP) in the presence of an organic catalyst system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Jia Zheng
- College of Material
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 310036
- P. R. China
| | - Guan-Wen Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- and Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
| | - Bo Li
- College of Material
- Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Hangzhou Normal University
- Hangzhou 310036
- P. R. China
| | - Guang-Peng Wu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization
- and Key Laboratory of Adsorption and Separation Materials & Technologies of Zhejiang Province
- Department of Polymer Science & Engineering
- Zhejiang University
- Hangzhou 310027
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12
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Wang M, Bao WW, Chang WY, Chen XM, Lin BP, Yang H, Chen EQ. Poly[(side-on mesogen)- alt-(end-on mesogen)]: A Compromised Molecular Arrangement. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-medical Research, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Molecular Ferroelectrics, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211189, China
| | - Wei-Wei Bao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-medical Research, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Molecular Ferroelectrics, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211189, China
| | - Wen-Ying Chang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics at the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Xu-Man Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-medical Research, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Molecular Ferroelectrics, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211189, China
| | - Bao-Ping Lin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-medical Research, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Molecular Ferroelectrics, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211189, China
| | - Hong Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu Province Hi-Tech Key Laboratory for Bio-medical Research, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Science and Application of Molecular Ferroelectrics, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 211189, China
| | - Er-Qiang Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics at the Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
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13
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Friebel J, Ender CP, Mezger M, Michels J, Wagner M, Wagener KB, Weil T. Synthesis of Precision Poly(1,3-adamantylene alkylene)s via Acyclic Diene Metathesis Polycondensation. Macromolecules 2019; 52:4483-4491. [PMID: 31274929 PMCID: PMC6595437 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Fully saturated, aliphatic polymers
containing adamantane moieties
evenly distributed along the polymer backbone are of great interest
due to their exceptional thermal stability, yet more synthetic strategies
toward these polymers would be desirable. Herein, we report for the
first time the synthesis of poly(1,3-adamantylene alkylene)s based
on α,ω-dienes containing bulky 1,3-adamantylene defects
precisely located on every 11th, 17th, 19th, and 21st chain carbon
via acyclic diene metathesis polycondensation. All saturated polymers
revealed excellent thermal stabilities (452–456 °C) that
were significantly higher compared to those of structurally similar
polyolefins with aliphatic or aromatic ring systems in the backbone
of polyethylene (PE). Their crystallinity increases successively from
shorter to longer CH2 chains between the adamantane defects.
The adamantanes were located in the PE crystals distorting the PE
unit cell by the incorporation of the adamantane defect at the kinks
of a terrace arrangement. Precise positioning of structural defects
within the polymeric backbone provides various opportunities to customize
material properties by “defect engineering” in soft
polymeric materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Friebel
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany.,Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Christopher P Ender
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Markus Mezger
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany.,Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jasper Michels
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Manfred Wagner
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Kenneth B Wagener
- The George and Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Tanja Weil
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany.,Institute of Inorganic Chemistry I, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
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14
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Tee H, Koynov K, Reichel T, Wurm FR. Noncovalent Hydrogen Bonds Tune the Mechanical Properties of Phosphoester Polyethylene Mimics. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:9324-9332. [PMID: 31172047 PMCID: PMC6545546 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b01040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Polyethylene mimics of semicrystalline polyphosphoesters (PPEs) with an adjustable amount of noncovalent cross-links were synthesized. Acyclic diene metathesis copolymerization of a phosphoric acid triester (M1) with a novel phosphoric acid diester monomer (M2) was achieved. PPEs with different co-monomer ratios and 0, 20, 40, and 100% of phosphodiester content were synthesized. The phosphodiester groups result in supramolecular interactions between the polymer chains, with the P-OH functionality as an H-bond donor and the P=O group as an H-bond acceptor. A library of unsaturated and saturated PPEs was prepared and analyzed in detail by NMR spectroscopy, size exclusion chromatography, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetry, rheology, and stress-strain measurements. The introduction of the supramolecular cross-links into the aliphatic and hydrophobic PPEs showed a significant impact on the material properties: increased glass-transition and melting temperatures were observed and an increase in the storage modulus of the polymers was achieved. This specific combination of a flexible aliphatic backbone and a supramolecular H-bonding interaction between the chains was maximized in the homopolymer of the phosphodiester monomer, which featured additional properties, such as shape-memory properties, and polymer samples could be healed after cutting. The P-OH groups also showed a strong adhesion toward metal surfaces, which was used together with the shape-memory function in a model device that responds to a temperature stimulus with shape change. This systematic variation of phosphodiesters/phosphotriesters in polyethylene mimics further underlines the versatility of the phosphorus chemistry to build up complex macromolecular architectures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisaschi
T. Tee
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Kaloian Koynov
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Tobias Reichel
- Heraeus
Medical, Philipp-Reis-Straße 8/13, 61273 Wehrheim, Germany
| | - Frederik R. Wurm
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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15
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Zhang KJ, Qiu ZB. Miscibility and Crystallization Behavior of Novel Branched Poly(ethylene succinate)/Poly(vinyl phenol) Blends. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-019-2269-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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16
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Mitova V, Shestakova P, Koseva N, Troev K. Phosphorus and Silicon Containing Inorganic Polymer Poly(dimethylsilane H‐phosphonate): Synthesis and NMR Spectroscopic Characterization. Eur J Inorg Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201801359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Violeta Mitova
- Institute of Polymers Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Akad. G. Bonchev St., Bl 103‐A 1113 Sofia Bulgaria
| | - Pavletta Shestakova
- NMR Centre, Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Acad. G. Bontchev str. Bl. 9 1113 Sofia Bulgaria
| | - Neli Koseva
- Institute of Polymers Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Akad. G. Bonchev St., Bl 103‐A 1113 Sofia Bulgaria
| | - Kolio Troev
- Institute of Polymers Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Akad. G. Bonchev St., Bl 103‐A 1113 Sofia Bulgaria
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17
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Haider T, Shyshov O, Suraeva O, Lieberwirth I, von Delius M, Wurm FR. Long-Chain Polyorthoesters as Degradable Polyethylene Mimics. Macromolecules 2019; 52:2411-2420. [PMID: 31496544 PMCID: PMC6727593 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
The persistence of commodity polymers makes the research for degradable alternatives with similar properties necessary. Degradable polyethylene mimics containing orthoester groups were synthesized by olefin metathesis polymerization for the first time. Ring-opening metathesis copolymerization (ROMP) of 1,5-cyclooctadiene with four different cyclic orthoester monomers gave linear copolymers with molecular weights up to 38000 g mol-1. Hydrogenation of such copolymers produced semicrystalline polyethylene-like materials, which were only soluble in hot organic solvents. The crystallinity and melting points of the materials were controlled by the orthoester content of the copolymers. The polymers crystallized similar to polyethylene, but the relatively bulky orthoester groups were expelled from the crystal lattice. The lamellar thickness of the crystals was dependent on the amount of the orthoester groups. In addition, the orthoester substituents influenced the hydrolysis rate of the polymers in solution. Additionally, we were able to prove that non-hydrogenated copolymers with a high orthoester content were biodegraded by microorganisms from activated sludge from a local sewage plant. In general, all copolymers hydrolyzed under ambient conditions over a period of several months. This study represents the first report of hydrolysis-labile and potentially biodegradable PE mimics based on orthoester linkages. These materials may find use in applications that require the relatively rapid release of cargo, e.g., in biomedicine or nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Haider
- Max Planck Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg
10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Oleksandr Shyshov
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Advanced Materials, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Oksana Suraeva
- Max Planck Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg
10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Ingo Lieberwirth
- Max Planck Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg
10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Max von Delius
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Advanced Materials, University of Ulm, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Frederik R. Wurm
- Max Planck Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg
10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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18
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Golitsyn Y, Pulst M, Samiullah MH, Busse K, Kressler J, Reichert D. Crystallization in PEG networks: The importance of network topology and chain tilt in crystals. POLYMER 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2019.01.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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19
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Tee HT, Lieberwirth I, Wurm FR. Aliphatic Long-Chain Polypyrophosphates as Biodegradable Polyethylene Mimics. Macromolecules 2019; 52:1166-1172. [PMID: 31496542 PMCID: PMC6728087 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
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Biodegradable polyethylene mimics
have been synthesized by the
introduction of pyrophosphate groups into the polymer backbone, allowing
not only hydrolysis of the backbone but also further degradation by
microorganisms. Because of cost, low weight, and good mechanical properties,
the use of polyolefins has increased significantly in the past decades
and has created many challenges in terms of disposal and their environmental
impact. The durability and resistance to degradation make polyethylene
difficult or impossible for nature to assimilate, thus making the
degradability of polyolefins an essential topic of research. The biodegradable
polypyrophosphate was prepared via acyclic diene metathesis polymerization
of a diene monomer. The monomer is accessible via a three-step synthesis,
in which the pyrophosphate was formed in the last step by DCC coupling
of two phosphoric acid derivatives. This is the first report of a
pyrophosphate group localized in an organic polymer backbone. The
polypyrophosphate was characterized in detail by NMR spectroscopy,
size exclusion chromatography, FTIR spectroscopy, differential scanning
calorimetry, and thermogravimetry. X-ray diffraction was used to compare
the crystallization structure in comparison to analogous polyphosphates
showing poly(ethylene)-like structures. In spite of their hydrophobicity
and water insolubility, the pyrophosphate groups exhibited fast hydrolysis,
resulting in polymer degradation when films were immersed in water.
Additionally, the hydrolyzed fragments were further biodegraded by
microorganisms, rendering these PE mimics potential candidates for
fast release of hydrophobic cargo, for example, in drug delivery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisaschi T Tee
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Ingo Lieberwirth
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Frederik R Wurm
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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20
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Han L, Zhu S, Ma H, Liu P, Shen H, Yang L, Huang W, Li Y. Assessing the Sequence Specificity in Thermal and Polarized Optical Order of Multiple Sequence-Determined Liquid Crystal Polymers. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b01585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Li Han
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Liaoning key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Siqi Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Liaoning key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Hongwei Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Liaoning key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Pibo Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Liaoning key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Heyu Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Liaoning key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Lincan Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Liaoning key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Wei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Liaoning key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
| | - Yang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Liaoning key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, China
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21
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He Y, Li Q, Zhu C, Li H, Zheng S, Xue Z, Hu Y. Synthesis and properties of thermoplastic polyethylene based polyurethanes (PE-PUs). JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-018-1464-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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22
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Hasan N, Schwieger C, Tee HT, Wurm FR, Busse K, Kressler J. Crystallization of a polyphosphoester at the air-water interface. Eur Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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23
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The chemistry of the carbon-transition metal double and triple bond: Annual survey covering the year 2016. Coord Chem Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2017.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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24
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25
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26
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Pulst M, Schneemann C, Ruda P, Golitsyn Y, Grefe AK, Stühn B, Busse K, Reichert D, Kressler J. Chain Tilt and Crystallization of Ethylene Oxide Oligomers with Midchain Defects. ACS Macro Lett 2017; 6:1207-1211. [PMID: 35650796 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.7b00757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Many text books and publications do not focus on the necessity of chain tilting in crystalline lamellae of oligomers and polymers, a fundamental aspect of their crystallization already discussed by Flory. Herein we investigate the chain tilt of ethylene oxide oligomers (EOs) containing various midchain defects by WAXS, SAXS and solid state 13C MAS NMR spectroscopy. At low temperatures, one out of the two EO chains of EO9-meta-EO9 and EO11-TR-EO11 containing a 1,3-disubstituted benzene or a 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazole defect in central position of the oligomer chain forms crystals and the other EO chain as well as the defect remain in the amorphous phase. The aromatic midchain defect of these two oligomers can be incorporated into the crystalline lamella upon heating below Tm. Then, the adjoining amorphous EO chain crosses from the lamellae to the amorphous regions at an angle ξ, which is preordained by the substitution pattern of the aromatic defect, revealing that the chain tilt angle ranges between 36° ≤ ϕ ≤ 60°.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Pulst
- Faculty
of Natural Sciences II, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Christian Schneemann
- Faculty
of Natural Sciences II, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Paweł Ruda
- Faculty
of Natural Sciences II, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Yury Golitsyn
- Faculty
of Natural Sciences II, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Ann-Kathrin Grefe
- Institute
of Condensed Matter Physics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Bernd Stühn
- Institute
of Condensed Matter Physics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, D-64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Karsten Busse
- Faculty
of Natural Sciences II, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Detlef Reichert
- Faculty
of Natural Sciences II, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Jörg Kressler
- Faculty
of Natural Sciences II, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
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27
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Reimann S, Danke V, Beiner M, Binder WH. Synthesis of supramolecular precision polymers: Crystallization under conformational constraints. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.28759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Reimann
- Institute of Chemistry, Macromolecular Chemistry; Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg; 06120 Halle (Saale) Germany
| | - Varun Danke
- Fraunhofer Institut für Mikrostruktur von Werkstoffen und Systemen IMWS; 06120 Halle (Saale) Germany
| | - Mario Beiner
- Fraunhofer Institut für Mikrostruktur von Werkstoffen und Systemen IMWS; 06120 Halle (Saale) Germany
| | - Wolfgang H. Binder
- Institute of Chemistry, Macromolecular Chemistry; Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg; 06120 Halle (Saale) Germany
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28
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Schlegel I, Muñoz-Espí R, Renz P, Lieberwirth I, Floudas G, Suzuki Y, Crespy D, Landfester K. Crystallinity Tunes Permeability of Polymer Nanocapsules. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b00667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Isabel Schlegel
- Max Planck Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg
10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Rafael Muñoz-Espí
- Max Planck Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg
10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Institute
of Materials Science (ICMUV), Universitat de València, C/Catedràtic
José Beltrán 2, Paterna, 46980 València, Spain
| | - Patricia Renz
- Max Planck Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg
10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Ingo Lieberwirth
- Max Planck Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg
10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - George Floudas
- Max Planck Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg
10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Department
of Physics, University of Ioannina, P.O. Box 1186, 451 10 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Yasuhito Suzuki
- Max Planck Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg
10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Chemical
and Biological Engineering Department, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, United States
| | - Daniel Crespy
- Max Planck Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg
10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, School of Molecular Science
and Engineering, Vidyasirimedhi Institute of Science and Technology (VISTEC), Rayong 21210, Thailand
| | - Katharina Landfester
- Max Planck Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg
10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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29
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Golitsyn Y, Pulst M, Kressler J, Reichert D. Molecular Dynamics in the Crystalline Regions of Poly(ethylene oxide) Containing a Well-Defined Point Defect in the Middle of the Polymer Chain. J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:4620-4630. [PMID: 28398054 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b01949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The chain mobility in crystals of a homopolymer of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) with 22 monomer units (PEO22) is compared with that of a PEO having the identical number of monomer units but additionally a 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazole (TR) point defect in the middle of the chain (PEO11-TR-PEO11). In crystals of PEO22, the characteristic αc-relaxation (helix jumps) is detected and the activation energy of this process is calculated from the pure crystalline 1H FIDs to 67 kJ/mol. PEO11-TR-PEO11 exhibits a more complex behavior, i.e. a transition into the high temperature phase HTPh is noticed during heating in the temperature range between -5 and 10 °C which is attributed to the incorporation of the TR ring into the crystalline lamellae. The crystal mobility of the low temperature phase LTPh of PEO11-TR-PEO11 is in good agreement with PEO22 since helical jump motions could also be detected by analysis of the 1H FIDs and the corresponding values of their second moments M2. In contrast, the high temperature phase of PEO11-TR-PEO11 shows a completely different behavior of the crystal mobility. The crystalline PEO chains are rigid in this HTPh on the time scale of both, the 1H time-domain technique and in 13C MAS CODEX NMR spectroscopy, i.e. the αc-mobility of PEO in the HTPh of PEO11-TR-PEO11 is completely suppressed and the PEO11 chains are converted into a crystal-fixed polymer due to the incorporation of the TR rings into the crystal structure. However, the TR defect of PEO11-TR-PEO11 shows in the HTPh characteristic π-flip motions with an Arrhenius type activation energy of 223 kJ/mol measured by dielectric relaxation spectroscopy. This motion cannot be observed by corresponding 13C MAS CODEX NMR measurements due to an interfering spin-dynamic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yury Golitsyn
- Faculty of Natural Sciences II, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Martin Pulst
- Faculty of Natural Sciences II, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Jörg Kressler
- Faculty of Natural Sciences II, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Detlef Reichert
- Faculty of Natural Sciences II, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg , D-06099 Halle (Saale), Germany
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30
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Busch H, Majumder S, Reiter G, Mecking S. Semicrystalline Long-Chain Polyphosphoesters from Polyesterification. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b00243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hanna Busch
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
| | - Sumit Majumder
- Physikalisches
Institut, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Günter Reiter
- Physikalisches
Institut, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Mecking
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, Universitätsstraße 10, 78457 Konstanz, Germany
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31
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Freudenberg J, Poppe S, Binder WH. Precision polymers containing main-chain-amino acids: ADMET polymerization and crystallization. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra10485e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
New PE-type precision oligomers displaying different amino acids (chiral/achiral, polar/non-polar) placed at every 19th carbon atom are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Freudenberg
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
- Faculty of Natural Sciences II
- Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry
- D-06120 Halle
- Germany
| | - Silvio Poppe
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
- Faculty of Natural Sciences II
- Chair of Organic Chemistry
- D-06120 Halle
- Germany
| | - Wolfgang H. Binder
- Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg
- Faculty of Natural Sciences II
- Chair of Macromolecular Chemistry
- D-06120 Halle
- Germany
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32
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Song SF, Guo YT, Wang RY, Fu ZS, Xu JT, Fan ZQ. Synthesis and Crystallization Behavior of Equisequential ADMET Polyethylene Containing Arylene Ether Defects: Remarkable Effects of Substitution Position and Arylene Size. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b01324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Fei Song
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular
Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and
Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yin-Tian Guo
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular
Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and
Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Rui-Yang Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular
Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and
Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Zhi-Sheng Fu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular
Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and
Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jun-Ting Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular
Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and
Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Fan
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular
Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and
Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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33
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Bauer KN, Tee HT, Lieberwirth I, Wurm FR. In-Chain Poly(phosphonate)s via Acyclic Diene Metathesis Polycondensation. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b00366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kristin N. Bauer
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg
10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Hisaschi T. Tee
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg
10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Ingo Lieberwirth
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg
10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Frederik R. Wurm
- Max-Planck-Institut
für Polymerforschung, Ackermannweg
10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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34
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Cankaya A, Steinmann M, Bülbül Y, Lieberwirth I, Wurm FR. Side-chain poly(phosphoramidate)s via acyclic diene metathesis polycondensation. Polym Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6py00999a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Side-chain poly(phosphoramidate)s (PPAs) have been prepared by ADMET polycondensation and compared to structural analogues of poly(phosphoester)s. Thermal properties, stability, and crystallization behavior were analyzed. This is the first example for PPAs prepared by ADMET.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alper Cankaya
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - Mark Steinmann
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
| | - Yagmur Bülbül
- Max-Planck-Institut für Polymerforschung
- 55128 Mainz
- Germany
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