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Liu H, Lu HH, Alp Y, Wu R, Thayumanavan S. Structural Determinants of Stimuli-Responsiveness in Amphiphilic Macromolecular Nano-assemblies. Prog Polym Sci 2024; 148:101765. [PMID: 38476148 PMCID: PMC10927256 DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2023.101765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive nano-assemblies from amphiphilic macromolecules could undergo controlled structural transformations and generate diverse macroscopic phenomenon under stimuli. Due to the controllable responsiveness, they have been applied for broad material and biomedical applications, such as biologics delivery, sensing, imaging, and catalysis. Understanding the mechanisms of the assembly-disassembly processes and structural determinants behind the responsive properties is fundamentally important for designing the next generation of nano-assemblies with programmable responsiveness. In this review, we focus on structural determinants of assemblies from amphiphilic macromolecules and their macromolecular level alterations under stimuli, such as the disruption of hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB), depolymerization, decrosslinking, and changes of molecular packing in assemblies, which eventually lead to a series of macroscopic phenomenon for practical purposes. Applications of stimuli-responsive nano-assemblies in delivery, sensing and imaging were also summarized based on their structural features. We expect this review could provide readers an overview of the structural considerations in the design and applications of nanoassemblies and incentivize more explorations in stimuli-responsive soft matters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxu Liu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065 P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Hung-Hsun Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Yasin Alp
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Ruiling Wu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - S. Thayumanavan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- Center for Bioactive Delivery, Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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Droumaguet BL, Grande D. Diblock and Triblock Copolymers as Nanostructured Precursors to Functional Nanoporous Materials: From Design to Application. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:58023-58040. [PMID: 37906520 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c09859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
Block copolymers have gained tremendous interest from the scientific community in the last two decades. These macromolecular architectures indeed constitute ideal nanostructured precursors for the generation of nanoporous materials meant for various high added value applications. The parallel emergence of controlled polymerization techniques has notably enabled to finely control their molecular features to confer them with unique structural and physicochemical properties, such as low dispersity values (Đ), well-defined volume fractions, and controlled functionality. The nanostructuration and ordering of diblock or triblock copolymers, which can be achieved through various experimental techniques, including channel die processing, solvent vapor or thermal annealing, nonsolvent-induced phase separation or concomitant self-assembly, and nonsolvent-induced phase separation, allows for the preparation of orientated microphase-separated copolymers whose morphology is dictated by three main factors, i.e., Flory-Huggins interaction parameter between constitutive blocks, volume fraction of the blocks, and polymerization degree. This review article provides an overview of the actual state of the art regarding the preparation of functional nanoporous materials from either diblock or triblock copolymers. It will also highlight the major applications of such peculiar materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Le Droumaguet
- Univ Paris Est Creteil, CNRS, Institut de Chimie et des Matériaux Paris-Est (ICMPE), UMR 7182, 2 rue Henri Dunant, Thiais 94320, France
| | - Daniel Grande
- Univ Paris Est Creteil, CNRS, Institut de Chimie et des Matériaux Paris-Est (ICMPE), UMR 7182, 2 rue Henri Dunant, Thiais 94320, France
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Patil N, Gnanou Y, Feng X. Anionic Copolymerization of o-Phthalaldehyde with Epoxides: Facile Access to Degradable Polyacetals and Their Copolymers under Ambient Conditions. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Naganath Patil
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yves Gnanou
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
| | - Xiaoshuang Feng
- Physical Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955, Saudi Arabia
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Li S, Rizvi MH, Lynch BB, Tracy JB, Ford E. Flexible Cyclic-Poly(phthalaldehyde)/Poly(ε-caprolactone) Blend Fibers with Fast Daylight-Triggered Transience. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 42:e2000657. [PMID: 33368746 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Cyclic-poly(phthalaldehyde) (cPPHA) exhibits photo-triggerable depolymerization on-demand for applications like the photolithography of microfabricated electronics. However, cPPHA is inherently brittle and thermally sensitive; both of these properties limit its usefulness as an engineering plastic. Prior to this report, small molecule plasticizers are added to cPPHA-based films to make the polymer more flexible. But plasticizers can eventually leach out of cPPHA, then leaving it increasingly more brittle throughout product lifetime. In this research, a new approach to fabricating flexible cPPHA blends for use as spun fibers is achieved through the incorporation of poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL) by a modified wet spinning method. Among blend compositions, the 50/50 cPPHA/PCL fiber shows fast transience (<50 s) in response to daylight while retaining the flexibility of PCL and mechanical properties of an elastomer (i.e., tensile strength of ≈8 MPa, Young's modulus of ≈118 MPa, and elongation at break of ≈190%). Embedding 2 wt% gold nanoparticles to cPPHA can further improve the transience rate of fibers comprising less than 50% cPPHA. These flexible, daylight-triggerable cPPHA/PCL fibers can be applied to an extensive range of applications, such as wearable electronics, intelligent textiles, and zero waste packaging for which modest mechanical performance and fast transience are desired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Li
- Department of Textile Engineering, Chemistry and Science, North Carolina State University, 1020 Main Campus Drive, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Mehedi H Rizvi
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, 911 Partners Way, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Brian B Lynch
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, 911 Partners Way, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Joseph B Tracy
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, North Carolina State University, 911 Partners Way, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
| | - Ericka Ford
- Department of Textile Engineering, Chemistry and Science, North Carolina State University, 1020 Main Campus Drive, Raleigh, NC, 27695, USA
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Alvarez S, Marcasuzaa P, Billon L. Bio-Inspired Silica Films Combining Block Copolymers Self-Assembly and Soft Chemistry: Paving the Way toward Artificial Exosqueleton of Seawater Diatoms. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 42:e2000582. [PMID: 33274818 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
This review is in line with the principles of bio-inspiration and biomimicry in order to envisage a softer and more environmentally friendly chemistry. Here, the source of inspiration is a microalga from the oceans with the ability to build an exoskeleton of silica under ambient conditions. Following this model, this review is interested in different ways of creating porous silica films with a hierarchical porosity similar to diatoms. For this purpose, polymeric/hybrid/inorganic films structured in honeycomb using the breath figure method are reported. This versatile and easy to implement method based on the principle of rapid evaporation of a solvent in a humid atmosphere is widely used in the formation of structured films with micron-sized pores. In addition to this, the self-assembly of copolymer at the nanoscale can be addressed to obtain a hierarchically structured film. Following this structuration step, the degradation of a sacrificial block is then described from the most energy-intensive to soft process, allowing an added nanoporosity to the micron porosity of the BF method. Finally, hierarchical porous silica films are described using the sol-gel process, which is known as a soft chemistry process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Alvarez
- Universite de Pau et Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Analytiques & de PhysicoChimie pour l'Environnement & les Matériaux, UMR5254, 2 avenue du Président Angot, Pau, F-64053, France.,Bio-Inspired Materials Group: Functionalities and Self-Assembly, E2S UPPA, IPREM UMR 5254, 2 avenue du Président Angot, Pau, F-64053, France
| | - Pierre Marcasuzaa
- Universite de Pau et Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Analytiques & de PhysicoChimie pour l'Environnement & les Matériaux, UMR5254, 2 avenue du Président Angot, Pau, F-64053, France.,Bio-Inspired Materials Group: Functionalities and Self-Assembly, E2S UPPA, IPREM UMR 5254, 2 avenue du Président Angot, Pau, F-64053, France
| | - Laurent Billon
- Universite de Pau et Pays de l'Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, Institut des Sciences Analytiques & de PhysicoChimie pour l'Environnement & les Matériaux, UMR5254, 2 avenue du Président Angot, Pau, F-64053, France.,Bio-Inspired Materials Group: Functionalities and Self-Assembly, E2S UPPA, IPREM UMR 5254, 2 avenue du Président Angot, Pau, F-64053, France
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6
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Lutz JP, Hannigan MD, McNeil AJ. Polymers synthesized via catalyst-transfer polymerization and their applications. Coord Chem Rev 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2018.07.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Shi C, Leonardi A, Zhang Y, Ohlendorf P, Ruyack A, Lal A, Ober CK. UV-Triggered Transient Electrospun Poly(propylene carbonate)/Poly(phthalaldehyde) Polymer Blend Fiber Mats. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:28928-28935. [PMID: 30044081 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b06051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This work reports the first transient electrospun nanofiber mat triggered by UV-irradiation using poly(propylene carbonate) (PPC)/poly(phthalaldehyde) (cPPA) polymer blends. The ability to trigger room temperature transience of nanofiber mats without the need for additional heat or solvent expands its utility in nonbiological fields, especially for transient electronic devices. The addition of a photo-acid-generator to the system, working in combination with UV light, provides an acid source to enhance degradation because both polymer backbones are acid-sensitive. Electrospinning enables the production of PPC/cPPA composite nanofiber mats capable of significant degradation upon exposure to UV radiation while maintaining relatively high mechanical properties. An acid amplifier, an autocatalytically decomposing compound triggered by acid, was used to generate more acid and accelerate nanofiber degradation. The electrospun fiber mats can be post-annealed to achieve an improved mat with a mechanical strength of ∼170 MPa.
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Pasini D, Takeuchi D. Cyclopolymerizations: Synthetic Tools for the Precision Synthesis of Macromolecular Architectures. Chem Rev 2018; 118:8983-9057. [PMID: 30146875 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Monomers possessing two functionalities suitable for polymerization are often designed and utilized in syntheses directed to the formation of cross-linked macromolecules. In this review, we give an account of recent developments related to the use of such monomers in cyclopolymerization processes, in order to form linear, soluble macromolecules. These processes can be activated by means of radical, ionic, or transition-metal mediated chain-growth polymerization mechanisms, to achieve cyclic moieties of variable ring size which are embedded within the polymer backbone, driving and tuning peculiar physical properties of the resulting macromolecules. The two functionalities are covalently linked by a "tether", which can be appropriately designed in order to "imprint" elements of chemical information into the polymer backbone during the synthesis and, in some cases, be removed by postpolymerization reactions. The two functionalities can possess identical or even very different reactivities toward the polymerization mechanism involved; in the latter case, consequences and outcomes related to the sequence-controlled, precision synthesis of macromolecules have been demonstrated. Recent advances in new initiating systems and polymerization catalysts enabled the precision syntheses of polymers with regulated cyclic structures by highly regio- and/or stereoselective cyclopolymerization. Cyclopolymerizations involving double cyclization, ring-opening, or isomerization have been also developed, generating unique repeating structures, which can hardly be obtained by conventional polymerization methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dario Pasini
- Department of Chemistry and INSTM Research Unit , University of Pavia , Viale Taramelli , 10-27100 Pavia , Italy
| | - Daisuke Takeuchi
- Department of Frontier Materials Chemistry, Graduate School of Science and Technology , Hirosaki University , 3 Bunkyo-cho , Hirosaki , Aomori , 036-8561 , Japan
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9
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Wang F, Diesendruck CE. Polyphthalaldehyde: Synthesis, Derivatives, and Applications. Macromol Rapid Commun 2017; 39. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.201700519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Revised: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Wang
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry and Russell-Berrie Nanotechnology Institute; Technion - Israel Institute of Technology; Haifa 32000 Israel
| | - Charles E. Diesendruck
- Schulich Faculty of Chemistry and Russell-Berrie Nanotechnology Institute; Technion - Israel Institute of Technology; Haifa 32000 Israel
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10
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Synthesis of isotactic polystyrene-block-polyethylene by the combination of sequential monomer addition and hydrogenation of 1,4-trans-polybutadiene block. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-017-1933-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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11
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Ji E, Pellerin V, Ehrenfeld F, Laffore A, Bousquet A, Billon L. Hierarchical honeycomb-structured films by directed self-assembly in “breath figure” templating of ionizable “clicked” PH3T-b-PMMA diblock copolymers: an ionic group/counter-ion effect on porous polymer film morphology. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:1876-1879. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc09898c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Impact of the ionization of “clicked” rod–coil diblock copolymers on their directed self-assembly in “breath figure” templating for hierarchically honeycomb-structured films.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunkyung Ji
- IPREM CNRS-UMR 5254
- Equipe de Physique et Chimie des Polymères
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, Hélioparc
- 64053 Pau Cedex 9
- France
| | - Virginie Pellerin
- IPREM CNRS-UMR 5254
- Equipe de Physique et Chimie des Polymères
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, Hélioparc
- 64053 Pau Cedex 9
- France
| | - Francis Ehrenfeld
- IPREM CNRS-UMR 5254
- Equipe de Physique et Chimie des Polymères
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, Hélioparc
- 64053 Pau Cedex 9
- France
| | - Anthony Laffore
- IPREM CNRS-UMR 5254
- Equipe de Physique et Chimie des Polymères
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, Hélioparc
- 64053 Pau Cedex 9
- France
| | - Antoine Bousquet
- IPREM CNRS-UMR 5254
- Equipe de Physique et Chimie des Polymères
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, Hélioparc
- 64053 Pau Cedex 9
- France
| | - Laurent Billon
- IPREM CNRS-UMR 5254
- Equipe de Physique et Chimie des Polymères
- Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, Hélioparc
- 64053 Pau Cedex 9
- France
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12
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Schroot R, Jäger M, Schubert US. Synthetic approaches towards structurally-defined electrochemically and (photo)redox-active polymer architectures. Chem Soc Rev 2017; 46:2754-2798. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cs00811a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
This review details synthetic strategies leading to structurally-defined electrochemically and (photo)redox-active polymer architectures,e.g.block, graft and end functionalized (co)polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Schroot
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
| | - Michael Jäger
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena)
| | - Ulrich S. Schubert
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)
- Friedrich Schiller University Jena
- 07743 Jena
- Germany
- Center for Energy and Environmental Chemistry Jena (CEEC Jena)
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13
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Higashihara T. Precise Synthesis of Block and Miktoarm Star-Branched Polymers Containing Polythiophene Segments with Low Dispersity by Combination of Living Anionic Polymerization and Catalyst-Transfer Polycondensation Systems. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201600434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoya Higashihara
- Graduate School of Organic Materials Systems; Yamagata University; 4-3-16 Jonan 992-8510 Japan
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