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Zhu Y, Jiang H, Wu W, Xu XQ, Wang XQ, Li WJ, Xu WT, Liu G, Ke Y, Wang W, Yang HB. Stimuli-responsive rotaxane-branched dendronized polymers with tunable thermal and rheological properties. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5307. [PMID: 37652914 PMCID: PMC10471591 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41134-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Aiming at the creation of polymers with attractive dynamic properties, herein, rotaxane-branched dendronized polymers (DPs) with rotaxane-branched dendrons attached onto the polymer chains are proposed. Starting from macromonomers with both rotaxane-branched dendrons and polymerization site, targeted rotaxane-branched DPs are successfully synthesized through ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP). Interestingly, due to the existence of multiple switchable [2]rotaxane branches within the attached dendrons, anion-induced reversible thickness modulation of the resultant rotaxane-branched DPs is achieved, which further lead to tunable thermal and rheological properties, making them attractive platform for the construction of smart polymeric materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, P. R. China
| | - Hanqiu Jiang
- Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan, 523803, P. R. China
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Center for Advanced Low-dimension Materials, College of Material Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Qin Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, P. R. China
| | - Xu-Qing Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, P. R. China.
| | - Wei-Jian Li
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Tao Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, P. R. China
| | - GengXin Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, Center for Advanced Low-dimension Materials, College of Material Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, P. R. China
| | - Yubin Ke
- Spallation Neutron Source Science Center, Dongguan, 523803, P. R. China
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing, 100049, P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, P. R. China.
| | - Hai-Bo Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Green Chemistry and Chemical Processes, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai, 200062, P. R. China.
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2
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Zhulina EB, Borisov OV. Bottlebrush polymer gels: architectural control over swelling and osmotic bulk modulus. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:1239-1246. [PMID: 35043819 DOI: 10.1039/d1sm01575c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Swelling behaviour and bulk moduli of polymer gels comprising of crosslinked bottlebrush subchains enable fine tuning by varying polymerization degrees of the main and side chains of the bottlebrush strands as well as their grafting densities. By using scaling approach we predict power law dependences of structural and elastic properties of swollen bottlebrush gels on the set of relevant architectural parameters and construct phase diagrams consisting of regions corresponding to different power law asymptotics for these dependences. In particular, our theory predict that bulk elastic modulus of the gel exhibits non-monotonous dependence on the degree of polymerization of side chains of the bottlebrush strands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina B Zhulina
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Oleg V Borisov
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l'Environnement et les Matériaux, UMR 5254 CNRS UPPA, Pau, France.
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3
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Rheology of Poly(glycidyl methacrylate) Macromolecular Nano Assemblies. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14030455. [PMID: 35160445 PMCID: PMC8839273 DOI: 10.3390/polym14030455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
A recently reported combined polymerization process of glycidyl methacrylate, mediated by homometallic and heterobimetallic aluminium complexes, naturally produces nano-sized macromolecular assemblies. In this work, the morphological features and the rheological properties of these novel nanoassemblies are studied. The hydrodynamic sizes of the nanoparticles in the solution range from 10 to 40 nm (in numbers), but on a flat surface they adopt a characteristic thin disk shape. The dynamic moduli have been determined in a broad range of temperatures, and the time—temperature superposition applied to obtain master curves of the whole viscoelastic response from the glassy to the terminal regions. The fragility values obtained from the temperature dependence are of m ~40, typical of van de Waals liquids, suggesting a very effective packing of the macromolecular assemblies. The rheological master curves feature a characteristic viscoelastic relaxation with the absence of elastic intermediate plateau, indicating that the systems behaved as un-entangled polymers. The analysis of the linear viscoelastic fingerprint reveals a Zimm-like dynamics at intermediate frequencies typical of unentangled systems. This behaviour resembles that observed in highly functionalized stars, dendrimers, soft colloids and microgels.
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Jangizehi A, Schmid F, Besenius P, Kremer K, Seiffert S. Defects and defect engineering in Soft Matter. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:10809-10859. [PMID: 33306078 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm01371d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Soft matter covers a wide range of materials based on linear or branched polymers, gels and rubbers, amphiphilic (macro)molecules, colloids, and self-assembled structures. These materials have applications in various industries, all highly important for our daily life, and they control all biological functions; therefore, controlling and tailoring their properties is crucial. One way to approach this target is defect engineering, which aims to control defects in the material's structure, and/or to purposely add defects into it to trigger specific functions. While this approach has been a striking success story in crystalline inorganic hard matter, both for mechanical and electronic properties, and has also been applied to organic hard materials, defect engineering is rarely used in soft matter design. In this review, we present a survey on investigations on defects and/or defect engineering in nine classes of soft matter composed of liquid crystals, colloids, linear polymers with moderate degree of branching, hyperbranched polymers and dendrimers, conjugated polymers, polymeric networks, self-assembled amphiphiles and proteins, block copolymers and supramolecular polymers. This overview proposes a promising role of this approach for tuning the properties of soft matter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Jangizehi
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Department of Chemistry, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
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6
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Vereroudakis E, Bang KT, Karouzou M, Ananiadou A, Noh J, Choi TL, Loppinet B, Floudas G, Vlassopoulos D. Multi-scale Structure and Dynamics of Dendronized Polymers with Varying Generations. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanouil Vereroudakis
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology (FORTH), 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Department of Materials Science & Technology, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Ki-Taek Bang
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-747, Republic of Korea
| | - Maria Karouzou
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology (FORTH), 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Department of Materials Science & Technology, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | | | - Jinkyung Noh
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-747, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Lim Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-747, Republic of Korea
| | - Benoit Loppinet
- Department of Materials Science & Technology, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - George Floudas
- Department of Physics, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Dimitris Vlassopoulos
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology (FORTH), 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Department of Materials Science & Technology, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
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7
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Yang L, Chen S, Shang T, Zhao R, Yuan B, Zhu X, Raucci MG, Yang X, Zhang X, Santin M, Ambrosio L. Complexation of Injectable Biphasic Calcium Phosphate with Phosphoserine-Presenting Dendrons with Enhanced Osteoregenerative Properties. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:37873-37884. [PMID: 32687309 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c09004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Injectable biphasic calcium phosphates have been proposed as a solution in the treatment of a range of clinical applications including as fillers in the augmentation of osteoporotic bone. To date, various biodegradable natural or synthetic organics have been used as a polymer component of bone materials to increase their cohesiveness. Herein, a novel bone material was developed combining osteoconductive biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) nanoparticles with phosphoserine-tethered generation 3 poly(epsilon-lysine) dendron (G3-K PS), a class of hyperbranched peptides previously shown to induce biomineralization and stem cell osteogenic differentiation. Strontium was also incorporated into the BCP nanocrystals (SrBCP) to prevent bone resorption. Within 24 h, an antiwashout behavior was observed in G3-K PS-integrated pure BCP group (BCPG3). Moreover, both in vitro tests by relevant cell phenotypes and an in vivo tissue regeneration study by an osteoporotic animal bone implantation showed that the integration of G3-K PS would downregulate Cxcl9 gene and protein expressions, thus enhancing bone regeneration measured as bone mineral density, new bone volume ratio, and trabecular microarchitectural parameters. However, no synergistic effect was found when Sr was incorporated into the BCPG3 bone pastes. Notably, results indicated a concomitant reduction of bone regeneration potential assessed as reduced Runx2 and PINP expression when bone resorptive RANKL and CTX-I levels were reduced by Sr supplementation. Altogether, the results suggest the potential of injectable BCPG3 bone materials in the treatment of osteoporotic bone defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Siyu Chen
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Tieliang Shang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Bo Yuan
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Xiangdong Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Maria Grazia Raucci
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials (IPCB)-National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 80125 Naples, Italy
| | - Xiao Yang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Xingdong Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Matteo Santin
- School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, University of Brighton, Huxley Building Lewes Road, Brighton BN2 4GJ, U.K
| | - Luigi Ambrosio
- Institute of Polymers, Composites and Biomaterials (IPCB)-National Research Council of Italy (CNR), 80125 Naples, Italy
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8
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Wade MA, Walsh D, Lee JCW, Kelley E, Weigandt K, Guironnet D, Rogers SA. Color, structure, and rheology of a diblock bottlebrush copolymer solution. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:4919-4931. [PMID: 32393953 PMCID: PMC11253116 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm00397b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A structure-property-process relation is established for a diblock bottlebrush copolymer solution, through a combination of rheo-neutron scattering, imaging, and rheological measurements. Polylactic acid-b-polystyrene diblock bottlebrush copolymers were dispersed in toluene with a concentration of 175 mg ml-1, where they self-assembled into a lamellar phase. All measurements were carried out at 5 °C. The solution color, as observed in reflection, is shown to be a function of the shear rate. Under equilibrium and near-equilibrium conditions, the solution has a green color. At low shear rates the solution remains green, while at intermediate rates the solution is cyan. At the highest rates applied the solution is indigo. The lamellar spacing is shown to be a decreasing function of shear rate, partially accounting for the color change. The lamellae are oriented 'face-on' with the wall under quiescence and low shear rates, while a switch to 'edge-on' is observed at the highest shear rates, where the reflected color disappears. The intramolecular distance between bottlebrush polymers does not change with shear rate, although at high shear rates, the bottlebrush polymers are preferentially aligned in the vorticity direction within the lamellae. We therefore form a consistent relation between structure and function, spanning a wide range of length scales and shear rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew A Wade
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering Department, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 607 S Mathews Ave, Urbana, Illinois, USA.
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9
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Alexandris S, Peponaki K, Petropoulou P, Sakellariou G, Vlassopoulos D. Linear Viscoelastic Response of Unentangled Polystyrene Bottlebrushes. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stelios Alexandris
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, FORTH, Heraklion 700 13, Crete, Greece
| | - Katerina Peponaki
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, FORTH, Heraklion 700 13, Crete, Greece
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, Heraklion 700 13, Crete, Greece
| | - Paraskevi Petropoulou
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 15784, Greece
| | - Georgios Sakellariou
- Department of Chemistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens 15784, Greece
| | - Dimitris Vlassopoulos
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, FORTH, Heraklion 700 13, Crete, Greece
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, Heraklion 700 13, Crete, Greece
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10
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Liu X, Liu F, Liu W, Gu H. ROMP and MCP as Versatile and Forceful Tools to Fabricate Dendronized Polymers for Functional Applications. POLYM REV 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/15583724.2020.1723022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Clean Technology of Leather Manufacture, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fangfei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Clean Technology of Leather Manufacture, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wentao Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Clean Technology of Leather Manufacture, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Haibin Gu
- Key Laboratory of Leather Chemistry and Engineering of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- National Engineering Laboratory for Clean Technology of Leather Manufacture, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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11
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Dong X, Wang S, Yu P, Yang F, Zhao J, Wu LZ, Tung CH, Wang J. Ultrafast Vibrational Energy Transfer through the Covalent Bond and Intra- and Intermolecular Hydrogen Bonds in a Supramolecular Dimer by Two-Dimensional Infrared Spectroscopy. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:544-555. [PMID: 31873023 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.9b10431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the structural fluctuations and vibrational energy transfer dynamics in a supramolecular homodimer model, which is composed of 2-(9-anthracene)ureido-6-(1-undecyl)-4[1H]-pyrimidinone (UPAn) with quadruple intermolecular and single intramolecular hydrogen bonds (HBs), have been examined using ultrafast two-dimensional infrared (2D IR) and steady-state IR spectroscopies. A less structurally fluctuating intermolecular HB is found between the pyrimidinone C═O and ureido N-H groups. However, a larger structurally fluctuating intramolecular HB is suggested by the equilibrium and dynamical line-shape measurements of the ureido C═O stretch. Further, dynamical time-dependent 2D IR diagonal and off-diagonal signals show that intra- and intermolecular vibrational energy transfer processes occur on the picosecond timescale, where the latter is more efficient due to intermolecular hydrogen bonding interaction and through-space interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueqian Dong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Sumin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials , Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China.,School of Materials and Chemical Engineering , Xi'an Technological University , Xi'an 710021 , P. R. China
| | - Pengyun Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Fan Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
| | - Juan Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
| | - Li-Zhu Wu
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials , Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
| | - Chen-Ho Tung
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China.,Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials , Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China
| | - Jianping Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , P. R. China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , P. R. China
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12
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Scherz LF, Schroyen B, Pepicelli M, Schlüter DA, Vermant J, Vlassopoulos D. Molecularly Designed Interfacial Viscoelasticity by Dendronized Polymers: From Flexible Macromolecules to Colloidal Objects. ACS NANO 2019; 13:14217-14229. [PMID: 31743645 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b07142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The thermodynamic and rheological properties of densely packed dendronized polymers (DPs) at water-air interfaces were studied here for first- and fourth-generation DPs (PG1, PG4) with both small (Pn ≈ 50) and large (Pn ≈ 500) backbone degrees of polymerization. The excellent control over the structural characteristics of these polymers enabled us to investigate how the interfacial properties change as we go from thin, flexible macromolecules toward thicker molecular objects that display colloidal features. The effects of the dendron generation, affecting the persistence length, as well as the degree of polymerization and surface pressure on the formation of DP layers at the water-air interface were studied. Surface pressure measurements and interfacial rheology suggest the existence of significant attractive interactions between the molecules of the higher generation DPs. While all DPs featured reproducible Π-A diagrams, successive compression-expansion cycles and surface pressure relaxation experiments revealed differences in the stability of the formed films, which are consistent with the variations in shape persistence and interactions between the studied DPs. Atomic force microscopy after Langmuir-Blodgett transfer of the films displayed a nanostructuring that can be attributed to the increase in attractive forces with increasing polymer generation and anisotropy. The importance of such structures on the surface properties was probed by interfacial shear rheology, which validated the existence of strong albeit brittle structures for fourth-generation DPs. Ultimately, we demonstrate how in particular rod-like DPs can be used as robust foam stabilizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leon F Scherz
- Department of Materials , ETH Zürich , 8093 Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Bram Schroyen
- Department of Materials , ETH Zürich , 8093 Zürich , Switzerland
| | | | | | - Jan Vermant
- Department of Materials , ETH Zürich , 8093 Zürich , Switzerland
| | - Dimitris Vlassopoulos
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser , FORTH, 70013 Heraklion , Greece
- Department of Materials Science and Technology , University of Crete , 70013 Heraklion , Greece
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13
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Golkaram M, Loos K. A Critical Approach to Polymer Dynamics in Supramolecular Polymers. Macromolecules 2019; 52:9427-9444. [PMID: 31894159 PMCID: PMC6933822 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b02085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Over the past few years, the concurrent (1) development of polymer synthesis and (2) introduction of new mathematical models for polymer dynamics have evolved the classical framework for polymer dynamics once established by Doi-Edwards/de Gennes. Although the analysis of supramolecular polymer dynamics based on linear rheology has improved a lot recently, there are a large number of insecurities behind the conclusions, which originate from the complexity of these novel systems. The interdependent effect of supramolecular entities (stickers) and chain dynamics can be overwhelming depending on the type and location of stickers as well as the architecture and chemistry of polymers. This Perspective illustrates these parameters and strives to determine what is still missing and has to be improved in the future works.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Golkaram
- Macromolecular Chemistry
and New Polymeric Materials, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747
AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Katja Loos
- Macromolecular Chemistry
and New Polymeric Materials, Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747
AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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14
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Zhulina EB, Sheiko SS, Borisov OV. Polymer Networks Formed by Molecular Brushes: Scaling Theory. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES A 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s0965545x1906018x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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15
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Liang H, Grest GS, Dobrynin AV. Brush-Like Polymers and Entanglements: From Linear Chains to Filaments. ACS Macro Lett 2019; 8:1328-1333. [PMID: 35651163 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.9b00519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Dynamics of melts and solutions of high molecular weight polymers and biopolymers is controlled by topological constraints (entanglements) imposing a sliding chain motion along an effective confining tube. For linear chains, the tube size is determined by universal packing number Pe, the number of polymer strands within a confining tube that is required for chains to entangle. Here we show that in melts of brush-like (graft) polymers, consisting of linear chain backbones with grafted side chains, Pe is not a universal number and depends on the molecular architecture. In particular, we use coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations to demonstrate that the packing number is a nonmonotonic function of the ratio Rnsc/Rng of the size of the side chains Rnsc to that of the backbone spacer between neighboring grafting points Rng. This parameter characterizes the degree of mutual interpenetration between side chains of the same macromolecule. We show that Pe of brush-like polymers first decreases with increasing side chain grafting density in the dilute side chain regime (Rnsc < Rng), then begins to increase in the regime of overlapping side chains (Rnsc > Rng), approaching the value for linear chains in the limit of densely grafted side chains. This dependence of the packing number reflects a crossover from chain-like entanglements in systems with loosely grafted side chains (comb-like polymers) to entanglements between flexible filaments (bottlebrush-like polymers). Our simulation results are in agreement with the experimental data for the dependence of a plateau modulus on the molecular architecture of graft poly(n-butyl acrylates) and poly(norbornene)-graft-poly(lactide) melts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heyi Liang
- Department of Polymer Science, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - Gary S. Grest
- Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, United States
| | - Andrey V. Dobrynin
- Department of Polymer Science, University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
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16
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Oliveira ES, Galiceanu ACAM, Jurjiu A, Galiceanu M. Relaxation dynamics of semiflexible treelike small-world polymer networks. Phys Rev E 2019; 100:022501. [PMID: 31574720 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.100.022501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We study the relaxation dynamics of the polymer networks that are constructed based on a degree distribution specific to small-world networks. The employed building algorithm generates polymers with a large variety of architectures, thus allowing for a detailed study of the structural transition from a pure linear chain to dendritic polymer networks. This is done by varying a single parameter p, which measures the randomness in the degree of the network's nodes. The dynamics is investigated in the framework of the generalized Gaussian structures model by monitoring the influence of the parameter p and of the stiffness parameter q on the behavior of the relaxation quantities: averaged monomer displacement, storage modulus, and loss modulus. The structure properties of the constructed polymers are described by the mean-square radius of gyration. In the absence of stiffness, in the intermediate frequencies domain of the dynamical quantities we encounter different behaviours, such as a dendritic behavior followed by a linear one for very small values of p or a single well-marked dendritic behavior for higher values of p. The stiffness parameter q influences drastically the relaxation dynamics of these polymer networks and in general no evident scaling regions were encountered. However, for some values of the parameter set (p,q), such as (0.8,0.4), an extremely short constant slope region, less than one order of magnitude, was found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edieliton S Oliveira
- Departamento de Fisica, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 69077-000 Manaus, Brazil
| | | | - Aurel Jurjiu
- Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai University, Street Mihail Kogalniceanu 1, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mircea Galiceanu
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal do Amazonas, 69077-000 Manaus, Brazil
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17
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Costanzo S, Scherz L, Floudas G, Pasquino R, Kröger M, Schlüter AD, Vlassopoulos D. Hybrid Dendronized Polymers as Molecular Objects: Viscoelastic Properties in the Melt. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Costanzo
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas, Heraklion 70013, Crete, Greece
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Crete, Greece
- DICMAPI, University of Naples, P.le Tecchio 80, Naples 80125, Italy
| | - Leon Scherz
- Polymer Chemistry and Polymer Physics, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - George Floudas
- Department of Physics, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Rossana Pasquino
- DICMAPI, University of Naples, P.le Tecchio 80, Naples 80125, Italy
| | - Martin Kröger
- Polymer Chemistry and Polymer Physics, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - A. Dieter Schlüter
- Polymer Chemistry and Polymer Physics, Department of Materials, ETH Zurich, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dimitris Vlassopoulos
- Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology—Hellas, Heraklion 70013, Crete, Greece
- Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, Heraklion 71003, Crete, Greece
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18
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Zhulina EB, Sheiko SS, Borisov OV. Theory of Microphase Segregation in the Melts of Copolymers with Dendritically Branched, Bottlebrush, or Cycled Blocks. ACS Macro Lett 2019; 8:1075-1079. [PMID: 35619443 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.9b00498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Theory of microphase segregation in the melt of diblock copolymers comprising two strongly incompatible blocks of similar or different topologies is developed. The spectrum of considered architectures include copolymers with arbitrary combinations of bottlebrush-like, dendritic, cycled blocks, and so on. Our theory provides quantitative predictions of how the morphology of the microphase segregated structures can be controlled not only by the volume fractions of the incompatible blocks, but also by their architecture. These predictions open perspectives for developing new materials, for example, photonic crystals, with independently adjustable volume fractions and morphology of the domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina B. Zhulina
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Sergei S. Sheiko
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA
| | - Oleg V. Borisov
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l’Environnement et les Matériaux, UMR 5254 CNRS
UPPA, 64053 Pau, France
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19
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Messmer D, Sánchez-Ferrer A, Tacke S, Yu H, Nüsse H, Klingauf J, Wepf R, Kröger M, Halperin A, Mezzenga R, Schlüter AD. Can one determine the density of an individual synthetic macromolecule? SOFT MATTER 2019; 15:6547-6556. [PMID: 31359025 DOI: 10.1039/c9sm01220f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Dendronized polymers (DPs) are large and compact main-chain linear polymers with a cylindrical shape and cross-sectional diameters of up to ∼15 nm. They are therefore considered molecular objects, and it was of interest whether given their experimentally accessible, well-defined dimensions, the density of individual DPs could be determined. We present measurements on individual, deposited DP chains, providing molecular dimensions from scanning and transmission electron microscopy and mass-per-length values from quantitative scanning transmission electron microscopy. These results are compared with density values obtained from small-angle X-ray scattering on annealed bulk specimen and with classical envelope density measurements, obtained using hydrostatic weighing or a density gradient column. The samples investigated comprise a series of DPs with side groups of dendritic generations g = 1-8. The key findings are a very large spread of the density values over all samples and methods, and a consistent increase of densities with g over all methods. While this work highlights the advantages and limitations of the applied methods, it does not provide a conclusive answer to the question of which method(s) to use for the determination of densities of individual molecular objects. We are nevertheless confident that these first attempts to answer this challenging question will stimulate more research into this important aspect of polymer and soft matter science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Messmer
- Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Polymer Chemistry & Polymer Physics, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Antoni Sánchez-Ferrer
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Laboratory of Food and Soft Materials, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Sebastian Tacke
- Scientific Center for Optical and Electron Microscopy, ETH Zürich, Otto-Stern-Weg 3, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Hao Yu
- Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Polymer Chemistry & Polymer Physics, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Harald Nüsse
- Institute of Medial Physics and Biophysics, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Robert-Koch-Strasse 31, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Jürgen Klingauf
- Institute of Medial Physics and Biophysics, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Robert-Koch-Strasse 31, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Roger Wepf
- Institute of Medial Physics and Biophysics, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Robert-Koch-Strasse 31, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Martin Kröger
- Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Polymer Chemistry & Polymer Physics, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Avraham Halperin
- Laboratoire de Spectrometrie Physique, CNRS University Joseph Fourier, BP 87, 38402 Saint Martin d'Hères cedex, France
| | - Raffaele Mezzenga
- Department of Health Sciences and Technology, ETH Zürich, Laboratory of Food and Soft Materials, Schmelzbergstrasse 9, 8092 Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - A Dieter Schlüter
- Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, Polymer Chemistry & Polymer Physics, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 5, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
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20
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Liu Y, Liu G, Zhang W, Du C, Wesdemiotis C, Cheng SZD. Cooperative Soft-Cluster Glass in Giant Molecular Clusters. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuchu Liu
- Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Material Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
| | - GengXin Liu
- Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Material Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Chen Du
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Chrys Wesdemiotis
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Stephen Z. D. Cheng
- Center for Advanced Low-Dimension Materials, State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Material Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 201620, China
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, School of Molecular Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
- College of Polymer Science and Polymer Engineering, Department of Polymer Science, The University of Akron, Akron, Ohio 44325, United States
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21
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Dutertre F, Bang KT, Vereroudakis E, Loppinet B, Yang S, Kang SY, Fytas G, Choi TL. Conformation of Tunable Nanocylinders: Up to Sixth-Generation Dendronized Polymers via Graft-Through Approach by ROMP. Macromolecules 2019; 52:3342-3350. [PMID: 31496546 PMCID: PMC6727591 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Well-defined dendronized polymers (denpols) bearing high-generation dendron are attractive nano-objects as high persistency provides distinct properties, contrast to the random coiled linear polymers However, their syntheses via graft-through approach have been very challenging due to their structural complexity and steric hindrance retarding polymerization. Here, we report the first example of the synthesis of poly(norbornene) (PNB) containing ester dendrons up to the sixth generation (G6) by ring-opening metathesis polymerization. This is the highest generation ever polymerized among dendronized polymers prepared by graft-through approach, producing denpols with molecular weight up to 1960 kg/mol. Combination of size-exclusion chromatography, light scattering, and neutron scattering allowed a thorough structural study of these large denpols in dilute solution. A semiflexible cylinder model was successfully applied to represent both the static and dynamic experimental quantities yielding persistent length (l p), cross-sectional radius (R cs), and contour length (L). The denpol persistency seemed to increase with generation, with l p reaching 27 nm (Kuhn length 54 nm) for PNB-G6, demonstrating a rod-like conformation. Poly(endo-tricycle[4.2.2.0]deca-3,9-diene) (PTD) denpols exhibited larger persistency than the PNB analogues of the same generation presumably due to the higher grafting density of the PTD denpols. As the dendritic side chains introduce shape anisotropy into the denpol backbone, future work will entail a study of these systems in the concentrated solutions and melts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Dutertre
- Institute
of Electronic Structure and Laser, FO.R.T.H, PO Box 1527, 71110 Heraklion, Greece
- School
of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock’s Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, U.K.
| | - Ki-Taek Bang
- Department
of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Emmanouil Vereroudakis
- Institute
of Electronic Structure and Laser, FO.R.T.H, PO Box 1527, 71110 Heraklion, Greece
- Department
of Materials Science & Technology, University
of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Benoit Loppinet
- Institute
of Electronic Structure and Laser, FO.R.T.H, PO Box 1527, 71110 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Sanghee Yang
- Department
of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Yun Kang
- Department
of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - George Fytas
- Institute
of Electronic Structure and Laser, FO.R.T.H, PO Box 1527, 71110 Heraklion, Greece
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Tae-Lim Choi
- Department
of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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22
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Boyle BM, Heinz O, Miyake GM, Ding Y. Impact of the Pendant Group on the Chain Conformation and Bulk Properties of Norbornene Imide-Based Polymers. Macromolecules 2019; 52:3426-3434. [PMID: 32773888 PMCID: PMC7413623 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Three series of well-defined norbornene imide-based polymers with different pendant groups were synthesized to investigate the effect of the pendant group on the polymer conformation in solution and bulk melt properties. Each of these three series was examined by analyzing the polymers' bulk z-average radius of gyration via static light scattering and the polymers' melt viscoelastic properties via oscillatory measurements and differential scanning calorimetry. Sterically bulky pendant wedge groups modestly increase the rodlike conformation of the norbornene-imide polymer, however, the inherent rigidity of the polymer main-chain can still be observed with less bulky substituents. In stark contrast, the different side groups significantly impacted the bulk viscoelastic and thermal properties. By increasing the pendant group size, the chain diameter of the polymer increases and lowers the entanglement modulus. Finally, as the wedge pendant group size increases, the segmental relaxation time and the fragility index of these norbornene-based polymers are decreased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bret M. Boyle
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Ozge Heinz
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
| | - Garret M. Miyake
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Yifu Ding
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, United States
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23
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Qian Z, Koh YP, Pallaka MR, Chang AB, Lin TP, Guzmán PE, Grubbs RH, Simon SL, McKenna GB. Linear Rheology of a Series of Second-Generation Dendronized Wedge Polymers. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b02122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyuan Qian
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Yung P. Koh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Madhusudhan R. Pallaka
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Alice B. Chang
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Tzu-Pin Lin
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Pablo E. Guzmán
- Energetic Technology Branch, U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Maryland 21005, United States
| | - Robert H. Grubbs
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Sindee L. Simon
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
| | - Gregory B. McKenna
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas 79409, United States
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24
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Abstract
During laboratory practice, it is often necessary to perform rheological measurements with small specimens, mainly due to the limited availability of the investigated systems. Such a restriction occurs, for example, because the laboratory synthesis of new materials is performed on small scales, or can concern biological samples that are notoriously difficult to be extracted from living organisms. A complete rheological characterization of a viscoelastic material involves both linear and nonlinear measurements. The latter are more challenging and generally require more mass, as flow instabilities often cause material losses during the experiments. In such situations, it is crucial to perform rheological tests carefully in order to avoid experimental artifacts caused by the use of small geometries. In this paper, we indicate the drawbacks of performing linear and nonlinear rheological measurements with very small amounts of samples, and by using a well-characterized linear polystyrene, we attempt to address the challenge of obtaining reliable measurements with sample masses of the order of a milligram, in both linear and nonlinear regimes. We demonstrate that, when suitable protocols and careful running conditions are chosen, linear viscoelastic mastercurves can be obtained with good accuracy and reproducibility, working with plates as small as 3 mm in diameter and sample thickness of less than 0.2 mm. This is equivalent to polymer masses of less than 2 mg. We show also that the nonlinear start-up shear fingerprint of polymer melts can be reliably obtained with samples as small as 10 mg.
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25
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Huurne GM, Vantomme G, Bersselaar BWL, Thota BNS, Voets IK, Palmans ARA, Meijer EW. The effect of dendritic pendants on the folding of amphiphilic copolymers via supramolecular interactions. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.29223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gijs M. Huurne
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic ChemistryEindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 5600 MB, 5600, Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Ghislaine Vantomme
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic ChemistryEindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 5600 MB, 5600, Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Bart W. L. Bersselaar
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic ChemistryEindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 5600 MB, 5600, Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Bala N. S. Thota
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic ChemistryEindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 5600 MB, 5600, Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Ilja K. Voets
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic ChemistryEindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 5600 MB, 5600, Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - Anja R. A. Palmans
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic ChemistryEindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 5600 MB, 5600, Eindhoven The Netherlands
| | - E. W. Meijer
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Laboratory of Macromolecular and Organic ChemistryEindhoven University of Technology P.O. Box 513 5600 MB, 5600, Eindhoven The Netherlands
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26
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Peterson GI, Bang KT, Choi TL. Mechanochemical Degradation of Denpols: Synthesis and Ultrasound-Induced Chain Scission of Polyphenylene-Based Dendronized Polymers. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:8599-8608. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b05110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gregory I. Peterson
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki-Taek Bang
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Lim Choi
- Department of Chemistry, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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27
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Wu S, Cao X, Zhang Z, Chen Q, Matsumiya Y, Watanabe H. Molecular Design of Highly Stretchable Ionomers. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Shilong Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Xiao Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Zhijie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Quan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Yumi Matsumiya
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji 611-0011, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Watanabe
- Institute for Chemical Research, Kyoto University, Uji 611-0011, Japan
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28
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Syranidou E, Karkanorachaki K, Amorotti F, Repouskou E, Kroll K, Kolvenbach B, Corvini PFX, Fava F, Kalogerakis N. Development of tailored indigenous marine consortia for the degradation of naturally weathered polyethylene films. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183984. [PMID: 28841722 PMCID: PMC5571942 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the potential of bacterial-mediated polyethylene (PE) degradation in a two-phase microcosm experiment. During phase I, naturally weathered PE films were incubated for 6 months with the indigenous marine community alone as well as bioaugmented with strains able to grow in minimal medium with linear low-density polyethylene (LLDPE) as the sole carbon source. At the end of phase I the developed biofilm was harvested and re-inoculated with naturally weathered PE films. Bacteria from both treatments were able to establish an active population on the PE surfaces as the biofilm community developed in a time dependent way. Moreover, a convergence in the composition of these communities was observed towards an efficient PE degrading microbial network, comprising of indigenous species. In acclimated communities, genera affiliated with synthetic (PE) and natural (cellulose) polymer degraders as well as hydrocarbon degrading bacteria were enriched. The acclimated consortia (indigenous and bioaugmented) reduced more efficiently the weight of PE films in comparison to non-acclimated bacteria. The SEM images revealed a dense and compact biofilm layer and signs of bio-erosion on the surface of the films. Rheological results suggest that the polymers after microbial treatment had wider molecular mass distribution and a marginally smaller average molar mass suggesting biodegradation as opposed to abiotic degradation. Modifications on the surface chemistry were observed throughout phase II while the FTIR profiles of microbially treated films at month 6 were similar to the profiles of virgin PE. Taking into account the results, we can suggest that the tailored indigenous marine community represents an efficient consortium for degrading weathered PE plastics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evdokia Syranidou
- School of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, Chania, Greece
| | | | - Filippo Amorotti
- School of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, Chania, Greece
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering (DICAM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Eftychia Repouskou
- School of Mineral Resources Engineering, Technical University of Crete, Chania, Greece
| | - Kevin Kroll
- Institute for Ecopreneurship, School of Life Sciences, FHNW, Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Boris Kolvenbach
- Institute for Ecopreneurship, School of Life Sciences, FHNW, Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Philippe F-X Corvini
- Institute for Ecopreneurship, School of Life Sciences, FHNW, Muttenz, Switzerland
| | - Fabio Fava
- Department of Civil, Chemical, Environmental and Materials Engineering (DICAM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Nicolas Kalogerakis
- School of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Crete, Chania, Greece
- * E-mail:
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29
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Scherz LF, Costanzo S, Huang Q, Schlüter AD, Vlassopoulos D. Dendronized Polymers with Ureidopyrimidinone Groups: An Efficient Strategy To Tailor Intermolecular Interactions, Rheology, and Fracture. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b00747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Leon F. Scherz
- Department
of Materials, Institute of Polymers, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Salvatore Costanzo
- Institute
of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology (FORTH), 71110 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Department of Materials Science & Technology, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Qian Huang
- Department
of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - A. Dieter Schlüter
- Department
of Materials, Institute of Polymers, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dimitris Vlassopoulos
- Institute
of Electronic Structure and Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology (FORTH), 71110 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
- Department of Materials Science & Technology, University of Crete, 71003 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
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30
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Jurjiu A, Biter TL, Turcu F. Relaxation dynamics of a multihierarchical polymer network. J Chem Phys 2017; 146:034902. [PMID: 28109236 DOI: 10.1063/1.4973936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work, we study the relaxation dynamics of a multihierarchical polymer network built by replicating the Vicsek fractal in dendrimer shape. The relaxation dynamics is investigated in the framework of the generalized Gaussian structure model by employing both Rouse and Zimm approaches. In the Rouse-type approach, we show the iterative procedure whereby the whole eigenvalue spectrum of the connectivity matrix of the multihierarchical structure can be obtained. Remarkably, the general picture that emerges from both approaches, even though we have a mixed growth algorithm, is that the obtained multihierarchical structure preserves the individual relaxation behaviors of its components. The theoretical findings with respect to the splitting of the intermediate domain of the relaxation quantities are well supported by experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurel Jurjiu
- Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai University, Street Mihail Kogalniceanu 1, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Teodor Lucian Biter
- Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai University, Street Mihail Kogalniceanu 1, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Flaviu Turcu
- Faculty of Physics, Babes-Bolyai University, Street Mihail Kogalniceanu 1, 400084 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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