1
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Cherri M, Romero JF, Steiner L, Dimde M, Koeppe H, Paulus B, Mohammadifar E, Haag R. Power of the Disulfide Bond: An Ideal Random Copolymerization of Biodegradable Redox-Responsive Hyperbranched Polyglycerols. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:119-133. [PMID: 38112688 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
The development of copolymerization techniques that can randomly incorporate biodegradable moieties into the hyperbranched polyglycerol backbone is an option to prevent its bioaccumulation in vivo. In this study, redox-responsive and biocompatible hyperbranched polyglycerol copolymers of glycidol and 1,4,5-oxadithiepan-2-one were synthesized with an adjustable molecular weight and a defined disulfide bond content through anionic and coordination-insertion ring-opening polymerization. A truly random incorporation of the monomers was achieved under both copolymerization mechanisms. The copolymers were further characterized in terms of their aggregation behavior in solution, degradability, in vitro cell viability, and blood compatibility for potential future biomedical applications. Transmission electron microscopy revealed that the copolymer assembled into nanoparticles with a size range of 20 nm. The copolymers underwent degradation when incubated with two different reducing agents, resulting in smaller fragments of the polymer with thiol end groups. The copolymers demonstrated good biocompatibility, making them suitable for further investigation in biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariam Cherri
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - J Fernanda Romero
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Luca Steiner
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Mathias Dimde
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Research Center of Electron Microscopy, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Hanna Koeppe
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Beate Paulus
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Arnimallee 22, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ehsan Mohammadifar
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Rainer Haag
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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2
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Müller V, Matthes R, Wagner M, Bros M, Dreier P, Frey H. Tailoring thermoresponsiveness of biocompatible polyethers: copolymers of linear glycerol and ethyl glycidyl ether. Polym Chem 2023; 14:2599-2609. [PMID: 37261292 PMCID: PMC10228176 DOI: 10.1039/d3py00064h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Linear polyglycerol is known as a highly hydrophilic and biocompatible polymer that is currently considered for numerous medical applications. Derived from this well-known structure, the synthesis of highly biocompatible, thermoresponsive polyether copolymers via statistical anionic ring-opening copolymerization of ethyl glycidyl ether (EGE) and ethoxy ethyl glycidyl ether (EEGE) is described. Subsequent deprotection of the acetal groups of EEGE yields copolymers of linear glycerol (linG) and EGE, P(linG-co-EGE). These copolymers showed monomodal and narrow molecular weight distributions with dispersities Đ ≤ 1.07. The microstructure was investigated via in situ1H NMR kinetics experiments, revealing reactivity ratios of rEEGE = 1.787 ± 0.007 and rEGE = 0.560 ± 0.002, showing a slightly favored incorporation of EEGE over EGE. Due to the deliberate incorporation of rather hydrophobic EGE units into the water soluble linPG, tunable thermoresponsive behavior is achieved with cloud point temperatures Tcp between 9.0-71.4 °C. Besides the commonly utilized method turbidimetry, temperature-dependent 1H NMR measurements were used for more accurate and reproducible results. The change of the hydrodynamic radii rH of the copolymers and their aggregates upon reaching Tcp was investigated via DOSY NMR spectroscopy. To explore possible biomedical applications, as an example, the cell viability and immunology of an exemplary P(linG-co-EGE) copolymer sample was investigated. Since both, cell viability and immunology are comparable to the gold standard PEG, the herein presented copolymers show high potential as biocompatible and thermoresponsive alternatives to PEG for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena Müller
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Duesbergweg 10-14 D-55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Rebecca Matthes
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Duesbergweg 10-14 D-55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Manfred Wagner
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Chemistry Ackermannweg 10 D-55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Matthias Bros
- University Medical Centre, Johannes Gutenberg University Langenbeckstraße 1 D-55101 Mainz Germany
| | - Philip Dreier
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Duesbergweg 10-14 D-55128 Mainz Germany
| | - Holger Frey
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Duesbergweg 10-14 D-55128 Mainz Germany
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3
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Synthesis and applications of a new type of 1,4-diaminophenyltetraglycidyl amine. IRANIAN POLYMER JOURNAL 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s13726-022-01137-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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4
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Stöbener DD, Weinhart M. "Fuzzy hair" promotes cell sheet detachment from thermoresponsive brushes already above their volume phase transition temperature. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2022; 141:213101. [PMID: 36087558 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2022.213101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Thermoresponsive poly(glycidyl ether) (PGE) brushes have shown to be viable substrates for the culture and temperature-triggered detachment of confluent cell sheets. Surface-tethered PGEs with a cloud point temperature (TCP) around ~30 °C exhibit phase transitions well-centered within the physiological range (20-37 °C), which makes them ideal candidates for cell sheet fabrication. However, PGEs with TCPs at ~20 °C also afford the detachment of various types of cell sheets, even at room temperature (20-23 °C), i.e., above the polymers' TCPs. In this study, we investigate the phase transition of PGE brushes tethered to polystyrene (PS) culture substrates with varying grafting density and TCP to arrive at a mechanistic understanding of their functionality in cell sheet fabrication. Using quartz crystal microbalance with dissipation (QCM-D) monitoring, we demonstrate that brushes fabricated from PGEs with TCPs at ~20 °C display volume phase transition temperatures (VPTTs) well below room temperature. Although the investigated coatings obviously do not exhibit marked thermal switching in terms of brush hydration and layer thickness, their physical properties at the brush-water interface, as ascertained by QCM-D and AFM measurements, undergo subtle changes upon cooling from 37 °C to room temperature which is sufficient to promote cell sheet detachment. Thus, it appears that discreet rehydration of the outmost brush layer, resembling "fuzzy hair" at the brush-water interface, renders the surfaces less protein- and cell-adhesive at room temperature. This minor structural change of the interface allows for the reliable detachment of human dermal fibroblast sheets already at 20 °C well above the VPTT of the brushes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel D Stöbener
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany; Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstr. 3A, 30167 Hannover, Germany.
| | - Marie Weinhart
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany; Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstr. 3A, 30167 Hannover, Germany.
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5
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Glitscher EA, Bergueiro J, Calderón M. Synthesis and anisotropic growth of glycerol-based thermoresponsive NIR plasmonic nanogels. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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6
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Matthes R, Frey H. Polyethers Based on Short-Chain Alkyl Glycidyl Ethers: Thermoresponsive and Highly Biocompatible Materials. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:2219-2235. [PMID: 35622963 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The polymerization of short-chain alkyl glycidyl ethers (SCAGEs) enables the synthesis of biocompatible polyethers with finely tunable hydrophilicity. Aliphatic polyethers, most prominently poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), are utilized in manifold biomedical applications due to their excellent biocompatibility and aqueous solubility. By incorporation of short hydrophobic side-chains at linear polyglycerol, control of aqueous solubility and the respective lower critical solution temperature (LCST) in aqueous solution is feasible. Concurrently, the chemically inert character in analogy to PEG is maintained, as no further functional groups are introduced at the polyether structure. Adjustment of the hydrophilicity and the thermoresponsive behavior of the resulting poly(glycidyl ether)s in a broad temperature range is achieved either by the combination of the different SCAGEs or with PEG as a hydrophilic block. Homopolymers of methyl and ethyl glycidyl ether (PGME, PEGE) are soluble in aqueous solution at room temperature. In contrast, n-propyl glycidyl ether and iso-propyl glycidyl ether lead to hydrophobic polyethers. The use of a variety of ring-opening polymerization techniques allows for controlled polymerization, while simultaneously determining the resulting microstructures. Atactic as well as isotactic polymers are accessible by utilization of the respective racemic or enantiomerically pure monomers. Polymer architectures varying from statistical copolymers, di- and triblock structures to star-shaped architectures, in combination with PEG, have been applied in various thermoresponsive hydrogel formulations or polymeric surface coatings for cell sheet engineering. Materials responding to stimuli are of increasing importance for "smart" biomedical systems, making thermoresponsive polyethers with short-alkyl ether side chains promising candidates for future biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Matthes
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Holger Frey
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, Mainz 55128, Germany
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Narumi A, Sato SI, Shen X, Kakuchi T. Precision synthesis for well-defined linear and/or architecturally controlled thermoresponsive poly(N-substituted acrylamide)s. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py01449h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We describe the progress in precision polymerizations of specific kinds of N-alkylacrylamides and N,N-dialkylacrylamides to produce polymers showing thermoresponsive properties in aqueous media, which representatively include the reversible-deactivation radical polymerizations...
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RAFT Emulsion Polymerization of Styrene Using a Poly(( N,N-dimethyl acrylamide)- co-( N-isopropyl acrylamide)) mCTA: Synthesis and Thermosensitivity. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 14:polym14010062. [PMID: 35012086 PMCID: PMC8747436 DOI: 10.3390/polym14010062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Thermoresponsive poly((N,N-dimethyl acrylamide)-co-(N-isopropyl acrylamide)) (P(DMA-co-NIPAM)) copolymers were synthesized via reversible addition−fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. The monomer reactivity ratios were determined by the Kelen–Tüdős method to be rNIPAM = 0.83 and rDMA = 1.10. The thermoresponsive properties of these copo-lymers with varying molecular weights were characterized by visual turbidimetry and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The copolymers showed a lower critical solution temperature (LCST) in water with a dependence on the molar fraction of DMA in the copolymer. Chaotropic and kosmotropic salt anions of the Hofmeister series, known to affect the LCST of thermoresponsive polymers, were used as additives in the aqueous copolymer solutions and their influence on the LCST was demonstrated. Further on, in order to investigate the thermoresponsive behavior of P(DMA-co-NIPAM) in a confined state, P(DMA-co-NIPAM)-b-PS diblock copolymers were prepared via polymerization induced self-assembly (PISA) through surfactant-free RAFT mediated emulsion polymerization of styrene using P(DMA-co-NIPAM) as the macromolecular chain transfer agent (mCTA) of the polymerization. As confirmed by cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryoTEM), this approach yielded stabilized spherical micelles in aqueous dispersions where the PS block formed the hydrophobic core and the P(DMA-co-NIPAM) block formed the hydrophilic corona of the spherical micelle. The temperature-dependent behavior of the LCST-type diblock copolymers was further studied by examining the collapse of the P(DMA-co-NIPAM) minor block of the P(DMA-co-NIPAM)-b-PS diblock copolymers as a function of temperature in aqueous solution. The nanospheres were found to be thermosensitive by changing their hydrodynamic radii almost linearly as a function of temperature between 25 °C and 45 °C. The addition of kosmotropic salt anions, as a potentially useful tuning feature of micellar assemblies, was found to increase the hydrodynamic radius of the micelles and resulted in a faster collapse of the micelle corona upon heating.
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9
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Precise Synthesis and Thermoresponsive Property of Poly(ethyl glycidyl ether) and Its Block and Statistic Copolymers with Poly(glycidol). Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13223873. [PMID: 34833172 PMCID: PMC8623496 DOI: 10.3390/polym13223873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Revised: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, we describe a comprehensive study of the thermoresponsive properties of statistic copolymers and multiblock copolymers synthesized by poly(glycidol)s (PG) and poly(ethyl glycidyl ether) (PEGE) with different copolymerization methods. These copolymers were first synthesized by ring-opening polymerization (ROP), which was initiated by tert-butylbenzyl alcohol (tBBA) and 1-tert-butyl-4,4,4-tris(dimethylamino)-2,2-bis[tris(dimethylamino)phosphoranylidenamino]-2Λ5,4Λ5-catenadi(phosphazene) (t-Bu-P4) as the catalyst, and then the inherent protective groups were removed to obtain the copolymers without any specific chain end groups. The thermoresponsive property of the statistic copolymer PGx-stat-PEGEy was compared with the diblock copolymer PGx-b-PEGEy, and the triblock copolymers were compared with the pentablock copolymers. Among them, PG-stat-PEGE, PG-b-PEGE-b-PG-b-PEGE-b-PG, and PEGE-b-PG-b-PEGE-b-PG-b-PEGE, and even the specific ratio of PEGE-b-PG-b-PEGE, exhibited LCST-type phase transitions in water, which were characterized by cloud point (Tcp). Although the ratio of x to y affected the value of the Tcp of PGx-stat-PEGEy, we found that the disorder of the copolymer has a decisive effect on the phase-transition behavior. The phase-transition behaviors of PG-b-PEGE, part of PEGE-b-PG-b-PEGE, and PG-b-PEGE-b-PG copolymers in water present a two-stage phase transition, that is, firstly LCST-type and then the upper critical solution temperature (UCST)-like phase transition. In addition, we have extended the research on the thermoresponsive properties of EGE homopolymers without specific α-chain ends.
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10
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Schweigerdt A, Heinen S, Stöbener DD, Weinhart M. Grafting Density-Dependent Phase Transition Mechanism of Thermoresponsive Poly(glycidyl ether) Brushes: A Comprehensive QCM-D Study. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:7087-7096. [PMID: 34077209 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c00695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Thermoresponsive coatings that exhibit "switchable" protein- and cell-adhesive properties are frequently used for the fabrication of cell sheets. Among other architectures, polymer brush coatings have shown to be especially viable due to their distinct phase transition behavior, which can be tailored via a manifold of adjustable brush characteristics, such as the (co)monomer composition, polymer chain length, and grafting density. Brush coatings based on poly(glycidyl ether)s (PGEs) have shown to efficiently mediate cell sheet fabrication when tethered to various tissue culture substrates. Herein, we report the phase transition of self-assembled PGE brushes with respect to polymer molecular weight (M: 10 and 22 kDa) and grafting density (0.07-0.5 chains nm-2) on gold model substrates studied by quasi-static QCM-D temperature ramp measurements. The brush grafting density can be tuned via the applied grafting conditions, and all brushes investigated feature broad phase transition regimes (ΔT ∼15 °C) with volume phase transition temperatures (VPTTs) close to the cloud point temperatures (CPTs) of the PGEs in solution. We further demonstrate that brush coatings with a low grafting density (0.07-0.12 chains nm-2) exhibit a continuous brush-to-mushroom transition, whereas brushes with medium grafting densities (0.3-0.5 chains nm-2) undergo a brush-to-brush transition comprising vertical phase separation during the phase transition progress. These insights help to understand the transition behavior of thin, thermoresponsive brushes prepared via grafting-to strategies and contribute to their rational design for improved functional surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Schweigerdt
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Takustr. 3, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Silke Heinen
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Takustr. 3, Berlin 14195, Germany
| | - Daniel D Stöbener
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Takustr. 3, Berlin 14195, Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Callinstr. 3A, Hannover 30167, Germany
| | - Marie Weinhart
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Takustr. 3, Berlin 14195, Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Leibniz Universitaet Hannover, Callinstr. 3A, Hannover 30167, Germany
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11
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Zahn I, Stöbener DD, Weinhart M, Gögele C, Breier A, Hahn J, Schröpfer M, Meyer M, Schulze-Tanzil G. Cruciate Ligament Cell Sheets Can Be Rapidly Produced on Thermoresponsive poly(glycidyl ether) Coating and Successfully Used for Colonization of Embroidered Scaffolds. Cells 2021; 10:cells10040877. [PMID: 33921450 PMCID: PMC8069541 DOI: 10.3390/cells10040877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) cell sheets combined with biomechanically competent scaffolds might facilitate ACL tissue engineering. Since thermoresponsive polymers allow a rapid enzyme-free detachment of cell sheets, we evaluated the applicability of a thermoresponsive poly(glycidyl ether) (PGE) coating for cruciate ligamentocyte sheet formation and its influence on ligamentocyte phenotype during sheet-mediated colonization of embroidered scaffolds. Ligamentocytes were seeded on surfaces either coated with PGE or without coating. Detached ligamentocyte sheets were cultured separately or wrapped around an embroidered scaffold made of polylactide acid (PLA) and poly(lactic-co-ε-caprolactone) (P(LA-CL)) threads functionalized by gas-phase fluorination and with collagen foam. Ligamentocyte viability, protein and gene expression were determined in sheets detached from surfaces with or without PGE coating, scaffolds seeded with sheets from PGE-coated plates and the respective monolayers. Stable and vital ligamentocyte sheets could be produced within 24 h with both surfaces, but more rapidly with PGE coating. PGE did not affect ligamentocyte phenotype. Scaffolds could be colonized with sheets associated with high cell survival, stable gene expression of ligament-related type I collagen, decorin, tenascin C and Mohawk after 14 d and extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition. PGE coating facilitates ligamentocyte sheet formation, and sheets colonizing the scaffolds displayed a ligament-related phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Zahn
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Paracelsus Medical University, Nuremberg and Salzburg, Prof. Ernst Nathan Str. 1, 90419 Nuremberg, Germany; (I.Z.); (C.G.)
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Nuremberg Institute of Technology Georg Simon Ohm, Keßlerplatz 12, 90489 Nuremberg, Germany
- Institute of Functional and Clinical Anatomy, Friedrich Alexander University, Erlangen-Nuremberg, Universitätsstr. 19, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Daniel David Stöbener
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany; (D.D.S.); (M.W.)
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstr. 3A, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Marie Weinhart
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany; (D.D.S.); (M.W.)
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstr. 3A, 30167 Hannover, Germany
| | - Clemens Gögele
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Paracelsus Medical University, Nuremberg and Salzburg, Prof. Ernst Nathan Str. 1, 90419 Nuremberg, Germany; (I.Z.); (C.G.)
- Department of Biosciences, Paris Lodron University Salzburg, Hellbrunnerstraße 34, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Annette Breier
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e. V. (IPF), Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany; (A.B.); (J.H.)
| | - Judith Hahn
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e. V. (IPF), Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany; (A.B.); (J.H.)
| | - Michaela Schröpfer
- FILK Freiberg Institute (FILK), Meißner Ring 1-5, 09599 Freiberg, Germany; (M.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Michael Meyer
- FILK Freiberg Institute (FILK), Meißner Ring 1-5, 09599 Freiberg, Germany; (M.S.); (M.M.)
| | - Gundula Schulze-Tanzil
- Institute of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Paracelsus Medical University, Nuremberg and Salzburg, Prof. Ernst Nathan Str. 1, 90419 Nuremberg, Germany; (I.Z.); (C.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-911-398-(11)-6772
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12
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He T, Wang Y, Xu L, Fu X, Narumi A, Sato SI, Shen X, Kakuchi T. Poly[glycidyl oligo(oxyethylene)carbamate]s (PG n-EO mR′ and R-PG n-EO mR′): controlled synthesis and effects of molecular parameters ( n and m), side groups (R′), and end-groups (R) on thermoresponsive properties. Polym Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1py00070e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The organocatalytic ROP and the post-modification reaction produced glycidol-based polymers with a variety of structural characteristics, which changed their shapes over a wide range of desired temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingyu He
- Research Center for Polymer Materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Changchun University of Science and Technology
- Jilin 130022
- China
| | - Yanqiu Wang
- Research Center for Polymer Materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Changchun University of Science and Technology
- Jilin 130022
- China
| | - Liang Xu
- Research Center for Polymer Materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Changchun University of Science and Technology
- Jilin 130022
- China
| | - Xiangming Fu
- Research Center for Polymer Materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Changchun University of Science and Technology
- Jilin 130022
- China
| | - Atsushi Narumi
- Graduate School of Organic Materials Science
- Yamagata University
- Yamagata 992-8510
- Japan
| | - Shin-ichiro Sato
- Division of Applied Chemistry and Frontier Chemistry Center
- Faculty of Engineering
- Faculty of Engineering
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo
| | - Xiande Shen
- Research Center for Polymer Materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Changchun University of Science and Technology
- Jilin 130022
- China
| | - Toyoji Kakuchi
- Research Center for Polymer Materials
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Changchun University of Science and Technology
- Jilin 130022
- China
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13
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Jung H, Gang SE, Kim JM, Heo TY, Lee S, Shin E, Kim BS, Choi SH. Regulating Dynamics of Polyether-Based Triblock Copolymer Hydrogels by End-Block Hydrophobicity. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hyunjoon Jung
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Seoul 04066, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Eun Gang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Seoul 04066, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Min Kim
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Seoul 04066, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Young Heo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Seoul 04066, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangho Lee
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Seoul 04066, Republic of Korea
| | - Eeseul Shin
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Byeong-Su Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Hyung Choi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Hongik University, Seoul 04066, Republic of Korea
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14
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Prusty K, Swain SK. Polypropylene oxide/polyethylene oxide‐cellulose hybrid nanocomposite hydrogels as drug delivery vehicle. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.49921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kalyani Prusty
- Department of Chemistry Veer Surendra Sai University of Technology Sambalpur Odisha India
| | - Sarat K. Swain
- Department of Chemistry Veer Surendra Sai University of Technology Sambalpur Odisha India
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15
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Stöbener DD, Weinhart M. Thermoresponsive Poly(glycidyl ether) Brush Coatings on Various Tissue Culture Substrates-How Block Copolymer Design and Substrate Material Govern Self-Assembly and Phase Transition. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1899. [PMID: 32846926 PMCID: PMC7563243 DOI: 10.3390/polym12091899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Thermoresponsive poly(glycidyl ether) brushes can be grafted to applied tissue culture substrates and used for the fabrication of primary human cell sheets. The self-assembly of such brushes is achieved via the directed physical adsorption and subsequent UV immobilization of block copolymers equipped with a short, photo-reactive benzophenone-based anchor block. Depending on the chemistry and hydrophobicity of the benzophenone anchor, we demonstrate that such block copolymers exhibit distinct thermoresponsive properties and aggregation behaviors in water. Independent on the block copolymer composition, we developed a versatile grafting-to process which allows the fabrication of poly(glycidyl ether) brushes on various tissue culture substrates from dilute aqueous-ethanolic solution. The viability of this process crucially depends on the chemistry and hydrophobicity of, both, benzophenone-based anchor block and substrate material. Utilizing these insights, we were able to manufacture thermoresponsive poly(glycidyl ether) brushes on moderately hydrophobic polystyrene and polycarbonate as well as on rather hydrophilic polyethylene terephthalate and tissue culture-treated polystyrene substrates. We further show that the temperature-dependent switchability of the brush coatings is not only dependent on the cloud point temperature of the block copolymers, but also markedly governed by the hydrophobicity of the surface-bound benzophenone anchor and the subjacent substrate material. Our findings demonstrate that the design of amphiphilic thermoresponsive block copolymers is crucial for their phase transition characteristics in solution and on surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel David Stöbener
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstr. 3A, 30167 Hannover, Germany;
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Marie Weinhart
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstr. 3A, 30167 Hannover, Germany;
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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Linker O, Blankenburg J, Maciol K, Bros M, Frey H. Ester Functional Epoxide Monomers for Random and Gradient Poly(ethylene glycol) Polyelectrolytes with Multiple Carboxylic Acid Moieties. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b02320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Olga Linker
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Staudingerweg 9, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jan Blankenburg
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Graduate School Materials Science in Mainz, Staudingerweg 9, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Kamil Maciol
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Matthias Bros
- Department of Dermatology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Langenbeckstraße 1, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Holger Frey
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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17
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Danner AK, Leibig D, Vogt LM, Frey H. Monomer-activated Copolymerization of Ethylene Oxide and Epichlorohydrin: In Situ Kinetics Evidences Tapered Block Copolymer Formation. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-019-2296-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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18
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Shi X, Hou M, Ma X, Bai S, Zhang T, Xue P, Zhang X, Liu G, Kang Y, Xu Z. Starburst Diblock Polyprodrugs: Reduction-Responsive Unimolecular Micelles with High Drug Loading and Robust Micellar Stability for Programmed Delivery of Anticancer Drugs. Biomacromolecules 2019; 20:1190-1202. [PMID: 30658038 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.8b01566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Polymeric prodrug based on therapeutic nanomedicine has demonstrated great promise for effective tumor growth inhibition, however, the drawbacks of low drug-loading and weak micellar stability limit its application for clinical cancer therapy. Herein, a reduction-responsive starburst block copolymer prodrug CCP [β-cyclodextrin (β-CD)-PCPTXX-POEGMA, XX: SS or CC] has been developed for cancer therapy. And CCP is composed of β-CD-Br core with multiple reactive sites, as well as a diblock copolymer containing hydrophobic polymerized camptothecin (PCPT) prodrug chain and hydrophilic poly[(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate] (OEGMA) chain. A family of CCP polymeric prodrugs with different drug loading contents (up to 25%) and various sizes of unimolecular micelles (UMs) (around 30 nm) were obtained by adjusting the block ratio of PCPTXX and POEGMA. On account of the amphiphilic structure feature, CPP could take shape water-soluble UMs in aqueous medium with excellent micellar stability. Under imitatively reductive tumor microenvironment, anticancer drug CPT could rapidly escape from CCP UMs in terms of disulfide bond breakage. However, this behavior is strongly refrained in the physiological environment. In vitro and in vivo outcome confirmed that CCP UMs showed excellent performance of sufficient tumor accumulation, high-efficiency tumor growth inhibition and low-toxicity for healthy tissues. Based on these gratifying therapeutic efficacy, it is believed that as-present starburst prodrug strategy can offer a brand-new insight for high-efficiency therapeutic nanoplatforms for chemotherapy application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Shi
- Institute for Clean Energy and Advanced Materials, School of Materials and Energy , Southwest University , Chongqing , 400715 , People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Micro-Nano Biomedical Materials and Devices , Chongqing 400715 , People's Republic of China
| | - Meili Hou
- Institute for Clean Energy and Advanced Materials, School of Materials and Energy , Southwest University , Chongqing , 400715 , People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Micro-Nano Biomedical Materials and Devices , Chongqing 400715 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqian Ma
- Institute for Clean Energy and Advanced Materials, School of Materials and Energy , Southwest University , Chongqing , 400715 , People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Micro-Nano Biomedical Materials and Devices , Chongqing 400715 , People's Republic of China
| | - Shuang Bai
- Institute for Clean Energy and Advanced Materials, School of Materials and Energy , Southwest University , Chongqing , 400715 , People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Micro-Nano Biomedical Materials and Devices , Chongqing 400715 , People's Republic of China
| | - Tian Zhang
- Institute for Clean Energy and Advanced Materials, School of Materials and Energy , Southwest University , Chongqing , 400715 , People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Micro-Nano Biomedical Materials and Devices , Chongqing 400715 , People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Xue
- Institute for Clean Energy and Advanced Materials, School of Materials and Energy , Southwest University , Chongqing , 400715 , People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Micro-Nano Biomedical Materials and Devices , Chongqing 400715 , People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoli Zhang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology , Shenzhen Children's Hospital , Shenzhen , Guangdong 518038 , People's Republic of China
| | - Gang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Vaccinology and Molecular Diagnostics and Center for Molecular Imaging and Translational Medicine, School of Public Health , Xiamen University , Xiamen , 361102 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yuejun Kang
- Institute for Clean Energy and Advanced Materials, School of Materials and Energy , Southwest University , Chongqing , 400715 , People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Micro-Nano Biomedical Materials and Devices , Chongqing 400715 , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhigang Xu
- Institute for Clean Energy and Advanced Materials, School of Materials and Energy , Southwest University , Chongqing , 400715 , People's Republic of China.,Chongqing Engineering Research Center for Micro-Nano Biomedical Materials and Devices , Chongqing 400715 , People's Republic of China
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19
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Johnston TG, Fellin CR, Carignano A, Nelson A. Poly(alkyl glycidyl ether) hydrogels for harnessing the bioactivity of engineered microbes. Faraday Discuss 2019; 219:58-72. [DOI: 10.1039/c9fd00019d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we describe a method to produce yeast-laden hydrogel inks for the direct-write 3D printing of cuboidal lattices for immobilized whole-cell catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alberto Carignano
- Department of Electrical Engineering
- University of Washington
- Seattle
- USA
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20
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Stöbener DD, Hoppensack A, Scholz J, Weinhart M. Endothelial, smooth muscle and fibroblast cell sheet fabrication from self-assembled thermoresponsive poly(glycidyl ether) brushes. SOFT MATTER 2018; 14:8333-8343. [PMID: 30298896 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm01099d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we introduce a platform to fabricate human dermal fibroblast (HDF), human aortic smooth muscle cell (HAoSMC) and human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) sheets using thermoresponsive poly(glycidyl ether) coatings. Copolymer brushes based on glycidyl methyl ether (GME) and ethyl glycidyl ether (EGE) were self-assembled onto polystyrene (PS) culture substrates via the physical adsorption of a hydrophobic, photoreactive benzophenone anchor block based on the monomer 4-[2-(2,3-epoxypropoxy)ethoxy]benzophenone (EEBP). The directed self-assembly of well-defined, end-tethered poly(GME-ran-EGE)-block-poly(EEBP) (PGE) brushes was achieved via the selective, EEBP-driven adsorption of the asymmetric block copolymer from dilute aqueous solution below its cloud point temperature (CPT). Subsequently, the PGE brush layers were covalently immobilized onto the PS surfaces by irradiation with UV light and characterized by ellipsometry, static water contact angle (CA) measurements and atomic force microscopy (AFM). We found that, by decreasing the temperature from 37 to 20 °C, the coatings undergo a pancake-to-brush transition, which triggers cell sheet detachment. In addition, cell culture parameters were optimized to allow proper adhesion and controlled detachment of confluent HDF, HAoSMC and HUVEC sheets, which can be applied in vascular tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel David Stöbener
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Takustr. 3, D-14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Anke Hoppensack
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Takustr. 3, D-14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Johanna Scholz
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Takustr. 3, D-14195 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Marie Weinhart
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Takustr. 3, D-14195 Berlin, Germany.
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21
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Stöbener DD, Donath D, Weinhart M. Fast and solvent-free microwave-assisted synthesis of thermoresponsive oligo(glycidyl ether)s. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.29227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel D. Stöbener
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Freie Universitaet Berlin; Takustr. 3, D-14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Dorian Donath
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Freie Universitaet Berlin; Takustr. 3, D-14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Marie Weinhart
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry; Freie Universitaet Berlin; Takustr. 3, D-14195 Berlin Germany
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22
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Heinen S, Rackow S, Cuellar-Camacho JL, Donskyi IS, Unger WES, Weinhart M. Transfer of functional thermoresponsive poly(glycidyl ether) coatings for cell sheet fabrication from gold to glass surfaces. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:1489-1500. [PMID: 32254213 DOI: 10.1039/c7tb03263c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Thermoresponsive polymer coatings can facilitate cell sheet fabrication under mild conditions by promoting cell adhesion and proliferation at 37 °C. At lower temperatures the detachment of confluent cell sheets is triggered without enzymatic treatment. Thus, confluent cell sheets with intact extracellular matrix for regenerative medicine or tissue engineering applications become available. Herein, we applied the previously identified structural design parameters of functional, thermoresponsive poly(glycidyl ether) brushes on gold to the more application-relevant substrate glass via the self-assembly of a corresponding block copolymer (PGE-AA) with a short surface-reactive, amine-presenting anchor block. Both, physical and covalent immobilization on glass via either multivalent ionic interactions of the anchor block with bare glass or the coupling of the anchor block to a polydopamine (PDA) adhesion layer on glass resulted in stable coatings. Atomic force microscopy revealed a high degree of roughness of covalently attached coatings on the PDA adhesion layer, while physically attached coatings on bare glass were smooth and in the brush-like regime. Cell sheets of primary human dermal fibroblasts detached reliably (86%) and within 20 ± 10 min from physically tethered PGE-AA coatings on glass when prepared under cloud point grafting conditions. The presence of the laterally inhomogeneous PDA adhesion layer, however, hindered the spontaneous temperature-triggered cell detachment from covalently grafted PGE-AA, decreasing both detachment rate and reliability. Despite being only physically attached, self-assembled monolayer brushes of PGE-AA block copolymers on glass are functional and stable thermoresponsive coatings for application in cell sheet fabrication of human fibroblasts as determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silke Heinen
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany.
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23
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Eggers S, Eckert T, Abetz V. Double thermoresponsive block-random copolymers with adjustable phase transition temperatures: From block-like to gradient-like behavior. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.28906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Eggers
- Department of Physical Chemistry; University of Hamburg, Grindelallee 117; Hamburg 20146 Germany
| | - Tilman Eckert
- Department of Physical Chemistry; University of Hamburg, Grindelallee 117; Hamburg 20146 Germany
| | - Volker Abetz
- Department of Physical Chemistry; University of Hamburg, Grindelallee 117; Hamburg 20146 Germany
- Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Institute of Polymer Research, Max-Planck-Straße 1; Geesthacht 21502 Germany
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Heinen S, Cuéllar-Camacho JL, Weinhart M. Thermoresponsive poly(glycidyl ether) brushes on gold: Surface engineering parameters and their implication for cell sheet fabrication. Acta Biomater 2017. [PMID: 28647625 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Thermoresponsive polymer coatings, optimized for cell adhesion and thermally-triggered cell detachment, allow the fabrication of confluent cell sheets with intact extracellular matrix. However, rational design guidelines for such coatings are rare, since temperature-triggered cell adhesion and detachment from thermoresponsive surfaces are mechanistically not well understood. Herein, we investigated the impact of molecular weight (2, 9, 24kDa), grafting density (0.04-1.4 chains nm-2), morphology, and roughness of well-characterized thermoresponsive poly(glycidyl ether) brushes on the cell response at 37 and 20°C. NIH 3T3 mouse fibroblasts served as a model cell line for adhesion, proliferation, and cell sheet detachment. The cell response was correlated with serum protein adsorption from cell culture medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum. Intact cell sheets could be harvested from all the studied poly(glycidyl ether) coated surfaces, irrespective of the molecular weight, provided that the morphology of the coating was homogenous and the surface was fully shielded by the hydrated brush. The degree of chain overlap was estimated by the ratio of twice the polymer's Flory radius in a theta solvent to its interchain distance, which should be located in the strongly overlapping brush regime (2 Rf/l>1.4). In contrast, dense PNIPAM (2.5kDa) control monolayers did not induce protein adsorption from cell culture medium at 37°C and, as a result, did not allow a significant cell adhesion. These structural design parameters of functional poly(glycidyl ether) coatings on gold will contribute to future engineering of these thermoresponsive coatings on more common, cell culture relevant substrates. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Cell sheet engineering as a scaffold-free approach towards tissue engineering resembles a milestone in regenerative medicine. The fabrication of confluent cell sheets maintains the extracellular matrix of cells which serves as the physiological cell scaffold. Thermoresponsive poly(glycidyl ether)s are highly cell-compatible and brushes thereof promote cell adhesion and growth without modification with additional cell adhesive ligands. Thus, a direct correlation of temperature-dependent serum protein adsorption and cell response with surface design parameters such as grafting density and molecular weight became accessible. Hence, surface engineering parameters of well-defined poly(glycidyl ether) monolayers for reproducible cell sheet fabrication have been identified. These design guidelines may also prove beneficial in the development of other brush-like thermoresponsive coatings for cell sheet engineering.
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25
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Stöbener DD, Uckert M, Cuellar-Camacho JL, Hoppensack A, Weinhart M. Ultrathin Poly(glycidyl ether) Coatings on Polystyrene for Temperature-Triggered Human Dermal Fibroblast Sheet Fabrication. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2017; 3:2155-2165. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.7b00270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel David Stöbener
- Institute of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Melanie Uckert
- Institute of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - José Luis Cuellar-Camacho
- Institute of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Anke Hoppensack
- Institute of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Marie Weinhart
- Institute of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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26
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Schubert C, Dreier P, Nguyen T, Maciol K, Blankenburg J, Friedrich C, Frey H. Synthesis of linear polyglycerols with tailored degree of methylation by copolymerization and the effect on thermorheological behavior. POLYMER 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2017.05.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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27
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Heinen S, Weinhart M. Poly(glycidyl ether)-Based Monolayers on Gold Surfaces: Control of Grafting Density and Chain Conformation by Grafting Procedure, Surface Anchor, and Molecular Weight. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:2076-2086. [PMID: 28191961 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b03927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
For a meaningful correlation of surface coatings with their respective biological response reproducible coating procedures, well-defined surface coatings, and thorough surface characterization with respect to layer thickness and grafting density are indispensable. The same applies to polymeric monolayer coatings which are intended to be used for, e.g., fundamental studies on the volume phase transition of surface end-tethered thermoresponsive polymer chains. Planar gold surfaces are frequently used as model substrates, since they allow a variety of straightforward surface characterization methods. Herein we present reproducible grafting-to procedures performed with thermoresponsive poly(glycidyl ether) copolymers composed of glycidyl methyl ether (GME) and ethyl glycidyl ether (EGE). The copolymers feature different molecular weights (2 kDa, 9 kDa, 24 kDa) and are equipped with varying sulfur-containing anchor groups in order to achieve adjustable grafting densities on gold surfaces and hence control the tethered polymers' chain conformation. We determined "wet" and "dry" thicknesses of these coatings by QCM-D and ellipsometry measurements and deduced anchor distances and degrees of chain overlap of the polymer chains assembled on gold. Grafting under cloud point conditions allowed for higher degrees of chain overlap compared to grafting from a good solvent like ethanol, independent of the used sulfur-containing anchor group for polymers with low (2 kDa) and medium (9 kDa) molecular weights. By contrast, the achieved grafting densities and thus chain overlaps of surface-tethered polymers with high (24 kDa) molecular weights were identical for both grafting methods. Monolayers prepared from an ethanolic solution of poly(glycidyl ether)s equipped with sterically demanding disulfide-containing anchors revealed the lowest degrees of chain overlap. The ratio of the radius of gyration to the anchor distance (2 Rg/l) of the latter coating was found to be lower than 1.4, indicating that the assembly was rather in the mushroom-like than in the brush regime. Polymer chains with thiol-containing anchors of different alkyl chain lengths (C11SH vs C4SH) formed assemblies with comparable degrees of chain overlap with 2 Rg/l values above 1.4 and are thus in the brush regime. Molecular weights influenced the achievable degree of chain overlap on the surface. Coatings prepared with the medium molecular weight polymer (9 kDa) resulted in the highest chain packing density. Control of grafting density and thus chain overlap in different regimes (brush vs mushroom) on planar gold substrates are attainable for monolayer coatings with poly(GME-ran-EGE) by adjusting the polymer's molecular weight and anchor group as well as the conditions for the grafting-to procedure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silke Heinen
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universitaet Berlin , Takustraße 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Marie Weinhart
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universitaet Berlin , Takustraße 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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28
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Isono T, Miyachi K, Satoh Y, Sato SI, Kakuchi T, Satoh T. Design and synthesis of thermoresponsive aliphatic polyethers with a tunable phase transition temperature. Polym Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py01238a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A comprehensive study of the synthesis and LCST-type thermoresponsive properties of poly(glycidyl ether) homopolymers and their copolymers is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Isono
- Division of Applied Chemistry
- Faculty of Engineering
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 060-8628
| | - Kana Miyachi
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 060-8628
- Japan
| | - Yusuke Satoh
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 060-8628
- Japan
| | - Shin-ichiro Sato
- Division of Applied Chemistry
- Faculty of Engineering
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 060-8628
| | - Toyoji Kakuchi
- Division of Applied Chemistry
- Faculty of Engineering
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 060-8628
| | - Toshifumi Satoh
- Division of Applied Chemistry
- Faculty of Engineering
- Graduate School of Engineering
- Hokkaido University
- Sapporo 060-8628
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