1
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Xue B, Liu Y, Tian Y, Yin P. The coupling of rotational and translational dynamics for rapid diffusion of nanorods in macromolecular networks. Nat Commun 2024; 15:6502. [PMID: 39090113 PMCID: PMC11294364 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-50859-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The rod-like viruses show anomalously rapid diffusion in bio-tissue networks originated from the rotation-facilitated transportation; however, the experimental investigation of the correlation of the rotational and translational dynamics is still in blank. Herein, typical rod-like and spherical gold nanoparticles (NPs) are dispersed in the classical Tetra-PEG gels, respectively, as model systems for light scattering studies. The contributions from translational and rotational diffusive dynamics, and network fluctuation dynamics can be well-resolved and the stretch exponent of rotational dynamics at 0.25 is proven to be the fingerprint for the coupled rotational and translational dynamics of nanorods. The rotation facilitated re-orientation finally leads to the fast transportation of nanorods. The discoveries are confirmed to be valid for rod-like biomacromolecule systems by studying the diffusive dynamics of Tobacco mosaic virus in gels. The work can be inspiring for the development of protocols to prevent infection of microorganism and regulate the transportation of nano-medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binghui Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices & South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Energy & Information Polymer Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices & South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Energy & Information Polymer Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Ye Tian
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, P.R. China
| | - Panchao Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices & South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, Guangdong Basic Research Center of Excellence for Energy & Information Polymer Materials, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China.
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2
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Wilcox K, Yamagami KR, Roopnarine BK, Linscott A, Morozova S. Effect of Polymer Gel Elasticity on Complex Coacervate Phase Behavior. ACS POLYMERS AU 2024; 4:109-119. [PMID: 38618006 PMCID: PMC11010254 DOI: 10.1021/acspolymersau.3c00027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Gels are key materials in biological systems such as tissues and may control biocondensate formation and structure. To further understand the effects of elastic environments on biomacromolecular assembly, we have investigated the phase behavior and radii of complex coacervate droplets in polyacrylamide (PAM) networks as a function of gel modulus. Poly-l-lysine (PLL) and sodium hyaluronate (HA) complex coacervate phases were prepared in PAM gels with moduli varying from 0.035 to 15.0 kPa. The size of the complex coacervate droplets is reported from bright-field microscopy and confocal fluorescence microscopy. Overall, the complex coacervate droplet volume decreases inversely with the modulus. Fluorescence microscopy is also used to determine the phase behavior and concentration of fluorescently tagged HA in the complex coacervate phases as a function of ionic strength (100-270 mM). We find that the critical ionic strength and complex coacervate stability are nonmonotonic as a function of the network modulus and that the local gel concentration can be used to control phase behavior and complex coacervate droplet size scale. By understanding how elastic environments influence simple electrostatic assembly, we can further understand how biomacromolecules exist in complex, crowded, and elastic cellular environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn
G. Wilcox
- Department of Macromolecular
Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve
University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Kai R. Yamagami
- Department of Macromolecular
Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve
University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Brittany K. Roopnarine
- Department of Macromolecular
Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve
University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Adam Linscott
- Department of Macromolecular
Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve
University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
| | - Svetlana Morozova
- Department of Macromolecular
Science and Engineering, Case Western Reserve
University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, United States
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3
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Rodríguez-López R, Wang Z, Oda H, Erdi M, Kofinas P, Fytas G, Scarcelli G. Network Viscoelasticity from Brillouin Spectroscopy. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:955-963. [PMID: 38156622 PMCID: PMC10865340 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c01073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Even though the physical nature of shear and longitudinal moduli are different, empirical correlations between them have been reported in several biological systems. This correlation is of fundamental interest and immense practical value in biomedicine due to the importance of the shear modulus and the possibility to map the longitudinal modulus at high-resolution with all-optical spectroscopy. We investigate the origin of such a correlation in hydrogels. We hypothesize that both moduli are influenced in the same direction by underlying physicochemical properties, which leads to the observed material-dependent correlation. Matching theoretical models with experimental data, we quantify the scenarios in which the correlation holds. For polymerized hydrogels, a correlation was found across different hydrogels through a common dependence on the effective polymer volume fraction. For hydrogels swollen to equilibrium, the correlation is valid only within a given hydrogel system, as the moduli are found to have different scalings on the swelling ratio. The observed correlation allows one to extract one modulus from another in relevant scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raymundo Rodríguez-López
- Fischell
Department of Bioengineering, University
of Maryland, College
Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Zuyuan Wang
- School
of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan 611731, China
| | - Haruka Oda
- School
of Information Science and Technology, The
University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656,Japan
| | - Metecan Erdi
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College
Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Peter Kofinas
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College
Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - George Fytas
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Institute
of Electronic Structure and Laser, FO.R.T.H, N. Plastira 10, Heraklion, 70013, Greece
| | - Giuliano Scarcelli
- Fischell
Department of Bioengineering, University
of Maryland, College
Park, Maryland 20742, United States
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4
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Riahinezhad H, Amsden BG. In situ forming, mechanically resilient hydrogels prepared from 4a-[PEG- b-PTMC-Ac] and thiolated chondroitin sulfate for nucleus pulposus cell delivery. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:1257-1270. [PMID: 38167961 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb02574h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Intervertebral disk degeneration (IVDD) is a common condition that causes severe back pain and affects patients' mobility and life quality considerably. IVDD originates within the central region of the disk called the nucleus pulposus (NP). Removing the damaged tissue and replacing it with NP cells (NPCs) delivered within an in situ forming hydrogel is a promising treatment approach. Herein we describe a hydrogel formulation based on 4-arm [poly(ethylene glycol)-b-poly(trimethylene carbonate)-acrylate] (4a[PEG-b-PTMC-Ac]) crosslinked with thiolated chondroitin sulfate via Michael-type reaction for this purpose. A library of hydrogels based on 15 kDa 4a-[PEG] with PTMC blocks of varying molecular weight were prepared and characterized. The instantaneous moduli of the hydrogels were adjustable from 24 to 150 kPa depending on the length of the PTMC block and the polymer volume fraction. The influence of each of these parameters was effectively explained using both scaling or mean field theories of polyelectrolyte hydrogels. The hydrogels were resistant to cyclic compressive loading and degraded gradually over 70 days in vitro. A hydrogel formulation with an instantaneous modulus at the high end of the range of values reported for human NP tissue was chosen to assess the ability of these hydrogels for delivering NPCs. The prepolymer solution was injectable and formed a hydrogel within 30 minutes at 37 °C. Bovine NPCs were encapsulated within this hydrogel with high viability and proliferated throughout a 28 day, hypoxic culture period. The encapsulated NPCs formed clusters and deposited collagen type II but no collagen type I within the hydrogels. Despite an initial gradual decrease, a steady-state modulus was reached at the end of the 28 day culture period that was within the range reported for healthy human NP tissue. This in situ forming hydrogel formulation is a promising approach and with further development could be a viable clinical treatment for IVDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossein Riahinezhad
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
| | - Brian G Amsden
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada.
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5
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Brissenden AJ, Amsden BG. In situ forming macroporous biohybrid hydrogel for nucleus pulposus cell delivery. Acta Biomater 2023; 170:169-184. [PMID: 37598793 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.08.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
Degenerative intervertebral disc disease is a common source of chronic pain and reduced quality of life in people over the age of 40. While degeneration occurs throughout the disc, it most often initiates in the nucleus pulposus (NP). Minimally invasive delivery of NP cells within hydrogels that can restore and maintain the disc height while regenerating the damaged NP tissue is a promising treatment strategy for this condition. Towards this goal, a biohybrid ABA dimethacrylate triblock copolymer was synthesized, possessing a lower critical solution temperature below 37 °C and which contained as its central block an MMP-degradable peptide flanked by poly(trimethylene carbonate) blocks bearing pendant oligoethylene glycol groups. This triblock prepolymer was used to form macroporous NP cell-laden hydrogels via redox initiated (ammonium persulfate/sodium bisulfite) crosslinking, with or without the inclusion of thiolated chondroitin sulfate. The resulting macroporous hydrogels had water and mechanical properties similar to those of human NP tissue and were mechanically resilient. The hydrogels supported NP cell attachment and growth over 28 days in hypoxic culture. In hydrogels prepared with the triblock copolymer but without the chondroitin sulfate the NP cells were distributed homogeneously throughout in clusters and deposited collagen type II and sulfated glycosaminoglycans but not collagen type I. This hydrogel formulation warrants further investigation as a cell delivery vehicle to regenerate degenerated NP tissue. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: The intervertebral disc between the vertebral bones of the spine consists of three regions: a gel-like central nucleus pulposus (NP) within the annulus fibrosis, and bony endplates. Degeneration of the intervertebral disc is a source of chronic pain in the elderly and most commonly initiates in the NP. Replacement of degenerated NP tissue with a NP cell-laden hydrogel is a promising treatment strategy. Herein we demonstrate that a crosslinkable polymer with a lower critical solution temperature below 37 °C can be used to form macroporous hydrogels for this purpose. The hydrogels are capable of supporting NP cells, which deposit collagen II and sulfated glycosaminoglycans, while also possessing mechanical properties matching those of human NP tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda J Brissenden
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada K7L 3N6
| | - Brian G Amsden
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, Canada K7L 3N6.
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6
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Tsuji Y, Shibayama M, Li X. Neutralization and Salt Effect on the Structure and Mechanical Properties of Polyacrylic Acid Gels under Equivolume Conditions. Gels 2021; 7:gels7020069. [PMID: 34207814 PMCID: PMC8293191 DOI: 10.3390/gels7020069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The effects of neutralization and salt on the structure and mechanical properties of polyacrylic acid (PAA) gels under equivolume conditions were investigated by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) measurements and tensile tests. We attained the equivolume condition by immersing a piece of PAA gel sample in an ion reservoir containing linear PAA, NaOH, and NaCl at prescribed concentrations (post-ion-tuning). The volume fraction of the linear polymer was set to be the same as that of the gel so as to satisfy the iso-osmotic pressure at the reference state. Various types of reservoirs were prepared by adding NaOH and/or NaCl with different concentrations to the reference reservoir, followed by immersing a PAA gel piece. In the SAXS measurements, a scattering peak appeared, and the scattering intensity at q = 0 decreased by neutralization, while the addition of salt increased the scattering intensity. On the other hand, Young’s modulus measured with the tensile test decreased with neutralization; however, it scarcely changed with the addition of salt. The newly developed equivolume post-ion-tuning technique may serve as a new standard scheme to study polyelectrolyte gels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yui Tsuji
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan;
| | - Mitsuhiro Shibayama
- Comprehensive Research Organization for Science and Society, 162-1 Shirakata, Tokai, Ibaraki 319-1106, Japan
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (X.L.)
| | - Xiang Li
- Institute for Solid State Physics, The University of Tokyo, 5-1-5 Kashiwanoha, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8581, Japan;
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (X.L.)
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7
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Theory of Charged Gels: Swelling, Elasticity, and Dynamics. Gels 2021; 7:gels7020049. [PMID: 33919122 PMCID: PMC8167639 DOI: 10.3390/gels7020049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The fundamental attributes of charged hydrogels containing predominantly water and controllable amounts of low molar mass electrolytes are of tremendous significance in biological context and applications in healthcare. However, a rigorous theoretical formulation of gel behavior continues to be a challenge due to the presence of multiple length and time scales in the system which operate simultaneously. Furthermore, chain connectivity, the electrostatic interaction, and the hydrodynamic interaction all lead to long-range interactions. In spite of these complications, considerable progress has been achieved over the past several decades in generating theories of variable complexity. The present review presents an analytically tractable theory by accounting for correlations emerging from topological, electrostatic, and hydrodynamic interactions. Closed-form formulas are derived for charged hydrogels to describe their swelling equilibrium, elastic moduli, and the relationship between microscopic properties such as gel diffusion and macroscopic properties such as elasticity. In addition, electrostatic coupling between charged moieties and their ion clouds, which significantly modifies the elastic diffusion coefficient of gels, and various scaling laws are presented. The theoretical formulas summarized here are useful to adequately capture the essentials of the physics of charged gels and to design new hydrogels with specified elastic and dynamical properties.
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8
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Nakajima T, Hoshino KI, Guo H, Kurokawa T, Gong JP. Experimental Verification of the Balance between Elastic Pressure and Ionic Osmotic Pressure of Highly Swollen Charged Gels. Gels 2021; 7:39. [PMID: 33915908 PMCID: PMC8167773 DOI: 10.3390/gels7020039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The equilibrium swelling degree of a highly swollen charged gel has been thought to be determined by the balance between its elastic pressure and ionic osmotic pressure. However, the full experimental verification of this balance has not previously been conducted. In this study, we verified the balance between the elastic pressure and ionic osmotic pressure of charged gels using purely experimental methods. We used tetra-PEG gels created using the molecular stent method (St-tetra-PEG gels) as the highly swollen charged gels to precisely and separately control their network structure and charge density. The elastic pressure of the gels was measured through the indentation test, whereas the ionic osmotic pressure was determined by electric potential measurement without any strong assumptions or fittings. We confirmed that the two experimentally determined pressures of the St-tetra-PEG gels were well balanced at their swelling equilibrium, suggesting the validity of the aforementioned relationship. Furthermore, from single-strand level analysis, we investigated the structural requirements of the highly swollen charged gels in which the elasticity and ionic osmosis are balanced at their swelling equilibrium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tasuku Nakajima
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan; (K.-i.H.); (H.G.); (T.K.); (J.P.G.)
- Global Station for Soft Matter, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0808, Japan
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
| | - Ken-ichi Hoshino
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan; (K.-i.H.); (H.G.); (T.K.); (J.P.G.)
| | - Honglei Guo
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan; (K.-i.H.); (H.G.); (T.K.); (J.P.G.)
| | - Takayuki Kurokawa
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan; (K.-i.H.); (H.G.); (T.K.); (J.P.G.)
- Global Station for Soft Matter, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0808, Japan
| | - Jian Ping Gong
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan; (K.-i.H.); (H.G.); (T.K.); (J.P.G.)
- Global Station for Soft Matter, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0808, Japan
- Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery (WPI-ICReDD), Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan
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9
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Jia D, Muthukumar M. Electrostatically Driven Topological Freezing of Polymer Diffusion at Intermediate Confinements. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2021; 126:057802. [PMID: 33605762 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.057802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Breaking the paradigm that polymers in crowded aqueous media obey Einstein's law of diffusion, we report a localized nondiffusive hierarchical metastable state at intermediate confinements. Combining electrostatic and topological effects, we can tune the propensity of this new universality class in a quasicoacervate gel system consisting of guest polyamino acid chains inside an oppositely charged host hydrogel. Our observations offer strategies for controlled release and retention of macromolecules in aqueous crowded media, while opening a new direction for understanding topologically frustrated dynamics in polymers and other soft matter systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Jia
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
| | - Murugappan Muthukumar
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, USA
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10
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Shibaev AV, Muravlev DA, Muravleva AK, Matveev VV, Chalykh AE, Philippova OE. pH-Dependent Gelation of a Stiff Anionic Polysaccharide in the Presence of Metal Ions. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12040868. [PMID: 32290178 PMCID: PMC7240365 DOI: 10.3390/polym12040868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Revised: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cross-linking of polysaccharides by metal ions provides polymer gels highly required by industrial applications. In this article, we study the rheological properties and microstructure of solutions of a stiff anionic polysaccharide xanthan cross-linked by chromium (III) ions, and we demonstrate that their properties are highly sensitive to the preparation pH. Stable gels are obtained in a wide range of pH from 2.4 to 7.8. The maximum elastic modulus is observed for the gels made at pH 6.3, and by freeze-fracture transmission electron microscopy it is shown that they are characterized by the most dense network structure. However, out of this pH interval, no gelation is observed. At low pH (< 2.4) it is due to high protonation of carboxylic groups of xanthan preventing their interaction with chromium ions, and to the disappearance of oligomeric ions, which are effective in cross-linking. At high pH (> 7.8) the absence of gelation is caused by the transformation of reactive chromium ions into insoluble chromium hydroxide. At the same time, for the gels initially formed at pH 6.3, subsequent change of pH to strongly acidic (1.4) or basic (8.9) medium does not affect appreciably their properties, meaning that chromium cross-links are stable once they are formed. These observations open a reliable route to produce polysaccharide gels with required mechanical properties in a wide pH range where they initially cannot be prepared. It is also shown that the increase of pH to 6.3 of the initially ungelled solution prepared at pH 1.5 results in gelation. This effect offers a facile way for delayed gelation of polysaccharides, which is especially required by oil industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey V. Shibaev
- Physics Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
- Correspondence:
| | - Dmitry A. Muravlev
- Department of Gas Chemistry, Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (D.A.M.)
| | - Aleksandra K. Muravleva
- Department of Gas Chemistry, Gubkin Russian State University of Oil and Gas, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (D.A.M.)
| | - Vladimir V. Matveev
- Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia (A.E.C.)
| | - Anatoly E. Chalykh
- Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia (A.E.C.)
| | - Olga E. Philippova
- Physics Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
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11
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Raia NR, Jia D, Ghezzi CE, Muthukumar M, Kaplan DL. Characterization of silk-hyaluronic acid composite hydrogels towards vitreous humor substitutes. Biomaterials 2020; 233:119729. [PMID: 31927250 PMCID: PMC7007602 DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2019] [Revised: 12/07/2019] [Accepted: 12/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Multiple ophthalmic pathologies, such as retinal detachment and diabetic retinopathy, require the removal and replacement of the vitreous humor. Clinical tamponades such as silicone oil and fluorinated gases are utilized but limited due to complications and toxicity. Therefore, there is a need for biocompatible, stable, vitreous humor substitutes. In this study, enzymatically crosslinked silk-hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels formed using horseradish peroxidase and H2O2 were characterized for use as vitreous humor substitutes. The composite network structure was characterized with dynamic light scattering. In addition, the rheological, optical, and swelling properties of hydrogels with varying silk to HA ratios and crosslinking densities controlled via H2O2 were determined over time. Hydrogels had refractive indexes of 1.336 and were clear with 75-91% light transmission. Hydrogel shear storage modulus ranged between ~6 and 240 Pa where increased H2O2 increased the modulus. After 1 month of aging, there were no changes in modulus for hydrogels with lower silk ratios, while those with higher silk ratios exhibited a significant increase in modulus. Decreasing H2O2 concentration in the reactions led to increased hydrogel volume during swelling, with higher silk ratios returning to their original size after 15 days. Dynamic light scattering results show three diffusive modes, revealing the possible structures of the hydrogel composite and are consistent with the mechanical properties and swelling results. The normalized intraocular pressure of ex vivo porcine eyes after injecting hydrogels were comparable with those treated with silicone oil showing the potential clinical utility of the hydrogels as vitreous substitutes. The versatility of the silk-HA hydrogel system, the tunable swelling properties, and the stability of hydrogels with lower silk ratios show the benefit of utilizing silk-HA hydrogels as vitreous substitutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole R Raia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby St., Medford, MA, 02155, USA
| | - Di Jia
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 120 Governors Dr., Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - Chiara E Ghezzi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Massachusetts Lowell, 1 University St., Lowell, MA, 01854, USA
| | - Murugappan Muthukumar
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, 120 Governors Dr., Amherst, MA, 01003, USA
| | - David L Kaplan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tufts University, 4 Colby St., Medford, MA, 02155, USA.
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12
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Jia D, Muthukumar M. Interplay between Microscopic and Macroscopic Properties of Charged Hydrogels. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Di Jia
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Murugappan Muthukumar
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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13
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Morozova S, Coughlin ML, Early JT, Ertem SP, Reineke TM, Bates FS, Lodge TP. Properties of Chemically Cross-Linked Methylcellulose Gels. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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14
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Khiêm VN, Mai TT, Urayama K, Gong JP, Itskov M. A Multiaxial Theory of Double Network Hydrogels. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b01044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Vu Ngoc Khiêm
- Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Kackertstr. 9, 52072 Aachen, Germany
| | - Thanh-Tam Mai
- Department of Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Kenji Urayama
- Department of Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | - Jian Ping Gong
- Faculty of Advanced Life Science, Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery, Soft Matter GI-CoRE, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0021, Japan
| | - Mikhail Itskov
- Department of Continuum Mechanics, RWTH Aachen University, Kackertstr. 9, 52072 Aachen, Germany
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15
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Mai TT, Matsuda T, Nakajima T, Gong JP, Urayama K. Distinctive Characteristics of Internal Fracture in Tough Double Network Hydrogels Revealed by Various Modes of Stretching. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b01033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thanh-Tam Mai
- Department of Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
| | | | - Tasuku Nakajima
- Soft Matter GI-CoRE, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0021, Japan
| | - Jian Ping Gong
- Soft Matter GI-CoRE, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 001-0021, Japan
| | - Kenji Urayama
- Department of Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Kyoto Institute of Technology, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8585, Japan
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16
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Böni LJ, Zurflüh R, Baumgartner ME, Windhab EJ, Fischer P, Kuster S, Rühs PA. Effect of ionic strength and seawater cations on hagfish slime formation. Sci Rep 2018; 8:9867. [PMID: 29959378 PMCID: PMC6026207 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-27975-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2017] [Accepted: 06/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The defensive slime of hagfish consists of a polyanionic mucin hydrogel that synergistically interacts with a fiber network forming a coherent and elastic hydrogel in high ionic strength seawater. In seawater, the slime deploys in less than a second entrapping large quantities of water by a well-timed thread skein unravelling and mucous gel swelling. This rapid and vast hydrogel formation is intriguing, as high ionic strength conditions generally counteract the swelling speed and ratio of polyelectrolyte hydrogels. In this work we investigate the effect of ionic strength and seawater cations on slime formation dynamics and functionality. In the absence of ionic strength skeins swell radially and unravel uncontrolled, probably causing tangling and creating a confined thread network that entraps limited water. At high ionic strength skeins unravel, but create a collapsed and dense fiber network. High ionic strength conditions therefore seem crucial for controlled skein unraveling, however not sufficient for water retention. Only the presence of naturally occurring Ca2+ or Mg2+-ions allowed for an expanded network and full water retention probably due to Ca2+-mediated vesicle rupture and cross-linking of the mucin. Our study demonstrates that hagfish slime deployment is a well-timed, ionic-strength, and divalent-cation dependent dynamic hydrogel formation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J Böni
- Department of Health Science and Technology, ETH Zürich, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - R Zurflüh
- Department of Health Science and Technology, ETH Zürich, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - M E Baumgartner
- Department of Health Science and Technology, ETH Zürich, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - E J Windhab
- Department of Health Science and Technology, ETH Zürich, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - P Fischer
- Department of Health Science and Technology, ETH Zürich, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - S Kuster
- Department of Health Science and Technology, ETH Zürich, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - P A Rühs
- Department of Materials, ETH Zürich, 8093, Zürich, Switzerland
- Department of Bioengineering and Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California, 94720-1760, USA
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17
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Topologically frustrated dynamics of crowded charged macromolecules in charged hydrogels. Nat Commun 2018; 9:2248. [PMID: 29884894 PMCID: PMC5993817 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-04661-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2018] [Accepted: 05/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Movement of charged macromolecules in crowded aqueous environments is a ubiquitous phenomenon vital to the various living processes and formulations of materials for health care. While study of diffusion of tracer amounts of probe macromolecules trapped inside concentrated solutions, gels, or random media has led to an enhanced understanding of this complex process, the collective dynamics of charged macromolecules embedded inside congested charge-bearing matrices still remains to be fully explored. Here we report a frustrated dynamics of DNA and synthetic polyelectrolytes inside a charged host hydrogel where the guest molecules do not diffuse. Instead, they exhibit a family of relaxation processes arising from a combination of conformational entropy and local chain dynamics, which are frustrated by the confinement from the gel. We also have developed a model explaining this new universality class of non-diffusive topologically frustrated dynamics of charged macromolecules. Diffusion of molecules in crowded environment is important for various living systems, but the dynamics of charged molecules in charged matrices remains still unexplored. Here the authors report a dynamics of DNA and polyelectrolytes in a charged hydrogel where the guest molecules do not diffuse but experience topologically frustrated dynamics.
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18
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Boyaci T, Orakdogen N. Multi-faced investigation for pH-sensitivity and solvent polarity in highly charged thermo-responsive hydro- and cryogels with strongly dissociated groups: A comparative evaluation of physico-chemical properties. Eur Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2017.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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