1
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Guo C, Peng Q, Wei H, Liu J, Hu X, Peng J, Ma J, Ye X, Yang J. Phosphorus-Containing Flame-Retardant Benzocyclobutylene Composites with High Thermal Stability and Low CTE. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:9464-9474. [PMID: 36936317 PMCID: PMC10018689 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c08159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
As a component of printed circuit substrate, copper clad laminate (CCL) needs to meet the performance requirements of heat resistance, flame retardancy, and low coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), which, respectively, affects the stability, safety, and processability of terminal electronic products. In this paper, benzocyclobutylene (BCB)-functionalized phosphorus-oxygen flame retardant composites were prepared through introducing the BCB groups, and the performance was researched by thermogravimetric analysis, microcombustion calorimetry, and thermomechanical analysis. The research results show that these phosphorus oxide compounds containing BCB groups show good thermal stability and low total heat release (THR) after thermal curing, and the more BCB groups on the phosphorus oxide monomers, the better the thermal stability and flame retardancy of cured resins. The Td5 and THR of the composite (M3) are as high as 443 °C and 23.1 kJ/g, respectively. In addition, the CTE of M3 is as low as 16.71 ppm/°C. Introduction of BCB groups which can be crosslinked through heat to improve the thermal stability, flame retardancy, and reduced CTE of traditional organophosphorus flame retardant materials. These materials are expected to be good candidates for CCL substrates for electronic circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Guo
- School
of Materials and Chemistry, Southwest University
of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmentally-friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Qiuxia Peng
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, Sichuan
University of Science & Engineering, Zigong 643000, China
| | - Hubo Wei
- School
of Materials and Chemistry, Southwest University
of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmentally-friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Jiaying Liu
- School
of Materials and Chemistry, Southwest University
of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmentally-friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Xinyu Hu
- School
of Materials and Chemistry, Southwest University
of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmentally-friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Juan Peng
- School
of Materials and Chemistry, Southwest University
of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmentally-friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Jiajun Ma
- School
of Materials and Chemistry, Southwest University
of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmentally-friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Xu Ye
- School
of Materials and Chemistry, Southwest University
of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
- School
of Continuing Education, Southwest University
of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
| | - Junxiao Yang
- School
of Materials and Chemistry, Southwest University
of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
- State
Key Laboratory of Environmentally-friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China
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2
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You X, Zhang H, Wang P, Li Z, Li M, Ao Y. Crosslinkable Benzocyclobutene Based Host Polymer for High Temporal Stability of Organic Second-order Nonlinear Optical Materials. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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3
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Brześkiewicz J, Loska R. Palladium-Catalyzed Access to Benzocyclobutenone-Derived Ketonitrones via C(sp 2)-H Functionalization. Org Lett 2022; 24:3960-3964. [PMID: 35613705 PMCID: PMC9278523 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.2c01317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
![]()
The palladium-catalyzed
C(sp2)–H functionalization
of bromoaryl aldonitrones leading to benzocyclobutenone-derived
ketonitrones is described. This method allows for the preparation
of a wide range of strained, four-membered ketonitrones with broad
functional group tolerance. Downstream transformations of the formed
products were readily demonstrated, illustrating the synthetic utility
of the obtained benzocyclobutenone-derived nitrones for the
construction of polycyclic nitrogen-containing scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Brześkiewicz
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Rafał Loska
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
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4
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Li X, Huang Y, Ye X, Long Q, Yuan W, Fan L, Peng Q, Ma J, Yang J. Low dielectric resins derived from hyperbranched carbosilane oligmers functionalized by benzocyclobutene groups. Des Monomers Polym 2021; 24:362-370. [PMID: 34912179 PMCID: PMC8667947 DOI: 10.1080/15685551.2021.2003556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycarbosilanes have been considered as potential materials used in electronic packaging and circuit boards owing to their excellent low-dielectric performance. In this work, we prepared new hyperbranched carbosilane oligomers (HCBOs) which were functionalized by benzocyclobutene (BCB) groups. HCBOs can be thermally cured to produce transparent (HCBRs) with low dielectric constant and high thermostability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, MianyangChina
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental-friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, MianyangChina
| | - Yawen Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental-friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, MianyangChina
| | - Xu Ye
- School of Adult and Network Education, Southwest University of Science and Technology, MianyangChina
| | - Quan Long
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, MianyangChina
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental-friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, MianyangChina
| | - Wen Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental-friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, MianyangChina
- Sichuan College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, MianyangChina
| | - Li Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental-friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, MianyangChina
- School of National Defense Science and Technology, Southwest University of Science and Technology, MianyangChina
| | - Qiuxia Peng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, MianyangChina
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental-friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, MianyangChina
| | - Jiajun Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental-friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, MianyangChina
| | - Junxiao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental-friendly Energy Materials, Southwest University of Science and Technology, MianyangChina
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5
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Preparation and Properties of Low Dielectric Constant Siloxane/Carbosilane Hybrid Benzocyclobutene Resin Composites. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14216548. [PMID: 34772073 PMCID: PMC8585461 DOI: 10.3390/ma14216548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Benzocyclobutene-modified silsesquioxane (BCB-POSS) and divinyl tetramethyl disiloxane-bisbenzocyclobutene (DVS-BCB) prepolymer were introduced into the containing benzocyclobutene (BCB) unit matrix resin P(4-MB-co-1-MP) polymerized from 1-methyl-1-(4-benzocyclobutenyl) silacyclobutane (4-MSCBBCB) and 1-methyl-1-phenylsilacyclobutane (1-MPSCB), respectively. The low dielectric constant (low-k) siloxane/carbosilane hybrid benzocyclobutene resin composites, P(4-MB-co-1-MP)/BCB-POSS and P(4-MB-co-1-MP)/DVS-BCB, were prepared. The curing processes of the composites were assessed via Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The effects on dielectric properties and heat resistance of those composites with different proportion of BCB-POSS and DVS-BCB were investigated using an impedance analyzer and thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), respectively. The thermal curing of composites could be carried out by ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of the BCB four-member rings of BCB-POSS or DVS-BCB and those of P(4-MB-co-1-MP). With increasing the proportion of BCB-POSS to 30%, the 5% weight loss temperature (T5%) of P(4-MB-co-1-MP)/BCB-POSS composites was raised visibly, whereas the dielectric constant (k) was decreased owing to the introduction of nanopores into POSS. For P(4-MB-co-1-MP)/DVS-BCB composites, the T5% and k were slightly raised with increasing the proportion of DVS-BCB. The above results indicated that the BCB-POSS showed advantages over conventional fillers to simultaneously improve thermostability and decrease k.
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Kim NW, Choe H, Shah MA, Lee DG, Hur S. High-Density Patterned Array Bonding through Void-Free Divinyl Siloxane Bis-Benzocyclobutene Bonding Process. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3633. [PMID: 34771189 PMCID: PMC8588381 DOI: 10.3390/polym13213633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Divinylsiloxane-bis-benzocyclobutene (DVS-BCB) has attracted significant attention as an intermediate bonding material, owing to its excellent properties. However, its applications are limited, due to damage to peripheral devices at high curing temperatures and unoptimized compressive pressure. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the compressive pressure condition for DVS-BCB bonding. This study demonstrates an optimization process for void-free DVS-BCB bonding. The process for obtaining void-free DVS-BCB bonding is a vacuum condition of 0.03 Torr, compressive pressure of 0.6 N/mm2, and curing temperature of 250 °C for 1 h. Herein, we define two factors affecting the DVS-BCB bonding quality through the DVS-BCB bonding mechanism. For strong DVS-BCB bonding, void-free and high-density chemical bonds are required. Therefore, we observed the DVS-BCB bonding under various compressive pressure conditions at a relatively low temperature (250 °C). The presence of voids and high-density crosslinking density was examined through near-infrared confocal laser microscopy and Fourier-transform infrared microscopy. We also evaluated the adhesion of the DVS-BCB bonding, using a universal testing machine. The results suggest that the good adhesion with no voids and high crosslinking density was obtained at the compressive pressure condition of 0.6 N/mm2. We believe that the proposed process will be of great significance for applications in semiconductor and device packaging technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nam Woon Kim
- Department of Nature-Inspired System and Application, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon 34103, Korea; (N.W.K.); (M.A.S.)
| | - Hyeonjeong Choe
- Department of Drug Discovery, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Korea;
| | - Muhammad Ali Shah
- Department of Nature-Inspired System and Application, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon 34103, Korea; (N.W.K.); (M.A.S.)
| | - Duck-Gyu Lee
- Department of Nature-Inspired System and Application, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon 34103, Korea; (N.W.K.); (M.A.S.)
| | - Shin Hur
- Department of Nature-Inspired System and Application, Korea Institute of Machinery and Materials, Daejeon 34103, Korea; (N.W.K.); (M.A.S.)
- Department of Nano-Mechatronics, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Korea
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7
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Nalakathu Kolanadiyil S, Minami M, Endo T. Implementation of meta-Positioning in Tetrafunctional Benzoxazines: Synthesis, Properties, and Differences in the Polymerized Structure. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c00947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Masaki Minami
- Specialty Chemical & Material Company, JXTG Nippon Oil & Energy Corporation, 8 Chidori, Yokohama 231-0815, Japan
| | - Takeshi Endo
- Molecular Engineering Institute, Kindai University, 11-6 Kayanomori, Iizuka, Fukuoka 820-8555, Japan
- Kyushu Institute of Technology, 1-1 Sensui-cho, Tobata-ku, Kitakyushu-shi, Fukuoka 804-8550, Japan
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8
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Gies AP, Hefner RE, Rau NJ, Mukhopadhyay S, Reyes JCP, Herceg E. Characterization of microstructures and reaction mechanisms of Tröger's base polymers of intrinsic microporosity. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2020; 34 Suppl 2:e8713. [PMID: 31887235 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Tröger's base polymers of intrinsic microporosity (PIMs) are receiving increasing attention for applications such as polymer molecular sieve membranes. Development of novel membrane materials requires microstructure analysis in order to overcome processing and applications challenges. This study aims to address these challenges and overcome some of the solubility/aggregation issues that hinder the analysis of these materials. METHODS A combination of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry and collision-induced dissociation was used to examine the reaction products of unfunctionalized Tröger's base PIMs. RESULTS Enhanced data mining, using ultrahigh-resolution mass spectrometry and statistical analysis, yielded a wealth of information on the molecular mass, chemical connectivity, and end groups of species generated during synthesis. Modifications of interest include N-methyl, N-methanimine, N-formyl, and N-methylol end-capping moieties, as well as incomplete backbone methanodiazocine rings with missing bridging methylene linkages. Most importantly, a general fragmentation mechanism, supported by computational modeling, was developed to assist in the rapid identification of main-chain and end-group modifications in Tröger's base PIMs. CONCLUSIONS Unfunctionalized Tröger's base polymers were selected as a model system, to thoroughly study their end-group modification chemistry. This model system could then be used to gain insights into complex hydroxy-functional PIM materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony P Gies
- Core R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, 220 Abner Jackson Pkwy, Edgar C. Britton Building, 1B141, Lake Jackson, TX, 77566, USA
| | - Robert E Hefner
- Core R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, 220 Abner Jackson Pkwy, Edgar C. Britton Building, 1B141, Lake Jackson, TX, 77566, USA
| | - Nathan J Rau
- Core R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, 220 Abner Jackson Pkwy, Edgar C. Britton Building, 1B141, Lake Jackson, TX, 77566, USA
| | - Sukrit Mukhopadhyay
- Core R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, 220 Abner Jackson Pkwy, Edgar C. Britton Building, 1B141, Lake Jackson, TX, 77566, USA
| | - Jeremy Chris P Reyes
- Core R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, 220 Abner Jackson Pkwy, Edgar C. Britton Building, 1B141, Lake Jackson, TX, 77566, USA
| | - Eldad Herceg
- Core R&D, The Dow Chemical Company, 220 Abner Jackson Pkwy, Edgar C. Britton Building, 1B141, Lake Jackson, TX, 77566, USA
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9
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Fu F, Wang D, Shen M, Shang S, Song Z, Song J. Preparation of planar and hydrophobic benzocyclobutene‐based dielectric material from biorenewable rosin. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fei Fu
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest ProductsChinese Academy of Forestry, Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Key and Open Laboratory of Forest Chemical Engineering, State Forestry Administration Nanjing Jiangsu Province 210042 China
- Co‐Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Wang
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest ProductsChinese Academy of Forestry, Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Key and Open Laboratory of Forest Chemical Engineering, State Forestry Administration Nanjing Jiangsu Province 210042 China
- Institute of New Technology of ForestryChinese Academy of Forestry Beijing 100091 China
| | - Minggui Shen
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest ProductsChinese Academy of Forestry, Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Key and Open Laboratory of Forest Chemical Engineering, State Forestry Administration Nanjing Jiangsu Province 210042 China
- Institute of New Technology of ForestryChinese Academy of Forestry Beijing 100091 China
| | - Shibin Shang
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest ProductsChinese Academy of Forestry, Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Key and Open Laboratory of Forest Chemical Engineering, State Forestry Administration Nanjing Jiangsu Province 210042 China
- Institute of New Technology of ForestryChinese Academy of Forestry Beijing 100091 China
| | - Zhanqian Song
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest ProductsChinese Academy of Forestry, Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Key and Open Laboratory of Forest Chemical Engineering, State Forestry Administration Nanjing Jiangsu Province 210042 China
| | - Jie Song
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of Michigan‐Flint Flint Michigan 48502
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10
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Hallani RK, Moser M, Bristow H, Jenart MVC, Faber H, Neophytou M, Yarali E, Paterson AF, Anthopoulos TD, McCulloch I. Low-Temperature Cross-Linking Benzocyclobutene Based Polymer Dielectric for Organic Thin Film Transistors on Plastic Substrates. J Org Chem 2019; 85:277-283. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rawad K. Hallani
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maximilian Moser
- Imperial College London, Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Helen Bristow
- Imperial College London, Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Maud V. C. Jenart
- Imperial College London, Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
| | - Hendrik Faber
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marios Neophytou
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emre Yarali
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alexandra F. Paterson
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Thomas D. Anthopoulos
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
| | - Iain McCulloch
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), KAUST Solar Center (KSC), Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia
- Imperial College London, Department of Chemistry and Centre for Plastic Electronics, London W12 0BZ, United Kingdom
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11
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Zhong N, Li X, Hu H, Huang Y, Ye X, Yang J. All-Benzocyclobutene Functionalized Polycarbosilane and Derived Copolymers with Low Dielectric Constant and High Thermal Stability. Macromol Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-019-7170-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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12
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Fu F, Wang D, Shen M, Shang S, Song Z, Song J. Biorenewable rosin derived benzocyclobutene resin: a thermosetting material with good hydrophobicity and low dielectric constant. RSC Adv 2019; 9:29788-29795. [PMID: 35531539 PMCID: PMC9071944 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra04828f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 09/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Development of bio-based polymers has been promoted by the growing concerns about the long-term sustainability and negative environmental footprint of petroleum-based polymer materials. A new monomer containing benzocyclobutene and allyl units has been developed by using rosin as the feedstock. The structure of the monomer was characterized by elemental analysis, MS, FT-IR and NMR spectroscopy. The monomer could be converted to the polymer via thermal ring-opening polymerization which was characterized via FT-IR, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), atom force microscopy (AFM) and so on. The polymer showed good dielectric properties and hydrophobicity with an average dielectric constant of 2.51 in a range of frequencies from 0.1 to 18 MHz and a water contact angle of 106°. In addition, the polymer with other comprehensive performances exhibited a 5% weight loss temperature of 406 °C, a surface roughness (Ra) of 0.658 nm in a 5.0 × 5.0 μm2 area, hardness and Young's modulus of 0.283 and 3.542 GPa, and storage modulus of 11.46 GPa at 30 °C. These data suggest that the polymer may have potential application in electronics and microelectronics. The rosin structure was introduced into benzocyclobutene resin for the first time, and the thermosetting material with good hydrophobicity and low dielectric constant was prepared.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Fu
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Key and Open Laboratory of Forest Chemical Engineering, State Forestry Administration Nanjing 210042 Jiangsu Province China +86-25-85482452 +86-25-85482452.,Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037 People's Republic of China
| | - Dan Wang
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Key and Open Laboratory of Forest Chemical Engineering, State Forestry Administration Nanjing 210042 Jiangsu Province China +86-25-85482452 +86-25-85482452.,Institute of New Technology of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry Beijing 100091 China
| | - Minggui Shen
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Key and Open Laboratory of Forest Chemical Engineering, State Forestry Administration Nanjing 210042 Jiangsu Province China +86-25-85482452 +86-25-85482452.,Institute of New Technology of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry Beijing 100091 China
| | - Shibin Shang
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Key and Open Laboratory of Forest Chemical Engineering, State Forestry Administration Nanjing 210042 Jiangsu Province China +86-25-85482452 +86-25-85482452.,Institute of New Technology of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry Beijing 100091 China
| | - Zhanqian Song
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Key Laboratory of Biomass Energy and Material, National Engineering Laboratory for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Key and Open Laboratory of Forest Chemical Engineering, State Forestry Administration Nanjing 210042 Jiangsu Province China +86-25-85482452 +86-25-85482452
| | - Jie Song
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Michigan-Flint Flint Michigan 48502 USA
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Snyder SR, Wei W, Xiong H, Wesdemiotis C. Sequencing of Side-Chain Liquid Crystalline Copolymers by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:polym11071118. [PMID: 31266225 PMCID: PMC6680698 DOI: 10.3390/polym11071118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyether based side-chain liquid crystalline (SCLC) copolymers with distinct microstructures were prepared using living anionic polymerization techniques. The composition, end groups, purity, and sequence of the resulting copolymers were elucidated by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). MALDI-MS analysis confirmed the presence of (CH3)3CO– and –H end groups at the initiating (α) and terminating (ω) chain end, respectively, and allowed determination of the molecular weight distribution and comonomer content of the copolymers. The comonomer positions along the polymer chain were identified by MS/MS, from the fragments formed via C–O and C–C bond cleavages in the polyether backbone. Random and block architectures could readily be distinguished by the contiguous fragment series formed in these reactions. Notably, backbone C–C bond scission was promoted by a radical formed via initial C–O bond cleavage in the mesogenic side chain. This result documents the ability of a properly substituted side chain to induce sequence indicative bond cleavages in the polyether backbone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savannah R Snyder
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA
| | - Wei Wei
- Department of Polymer Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Huiming Xiong
- Department of Polymer Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200444, China
| | - Chrys Wesdemiotis
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Akron, Akron, OH 44325, USA.
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14
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Que X, Qiu Z, Yan Y. Synthesis and properties of benzocyclobutene-terminated imide-containing cyano group. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/0954008318821710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Benzocyclobutene (BCB) resins have aroused much interest because of their excellent physical and chemical properties. Unfortunately the temperature required to induce cross-linking in typical BCBs is higher than 250°C, which restricts their applications. In this study, a novel cyano-containing BCB-terminated imide monomer was synthesized through the reaction of 1-cyano-5-amino-benzocyclobutene with 4,4′-oxydiphthalic anhydride. This monomer allows a 50–100°C lower curing temperature in comparison with typical BCBs, and it is highly soluble in various solvents and can easily convert to cured film at 150–200°C. Because of the presence of rigid imide group and strong polar cyano group, the cured film exhibits excellent mechanical strength with tensile strength up to 87.8 MPa, high glass transition temperature up to 350°C, low coefficient of thermal expansion (36.9 ppm K−1), and outstanding planarity with the average surface roughness as low as 0.26 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianfeng Que
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhiming Qiu
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yurong Yan
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Materials Science and Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
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Chen L, Li HX, Dai M, Li HY, Lang JP. Capturing the Organic Species Derived from the C-C Cleavage and in Situ Oxidation of 1,2,3,4-Tetra(pyridin-4-yl)cyclobutane by [CuCN] n-Based MOFs. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:9160-9166. [PMID: 30044612 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b01171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The solvothermal cycloreversion and in situ oxidation of 1,2,3,4-tetra(pyridin-4-yl)cyclobutane (tpcb) within [CuCN] n-based MOFs were investigated. The radical mechanism for the cycloreversion of tpcb ligands was supported by capturing a 1,3-butadiene species 1,2,3,4-tetra(4-pyridyl)-1,3-butadiene (tpyb) into {[Cu18(μ-CN)18(tpcb)4(tpyb)2]·H2O} n in the presence of 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-1-oxyl (TEMPO). Without TEMPO, a furan-based ligand 2,3,4,5-tetra(4-pyridyl)furan (tpyf) was generated within {[Cu4(μ-CN)4(tpyf)]·4MeCN} n via the C-C cleavage, followed by in situ oxidation in acidic condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Chen
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , Jiangsu , P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry , Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200032 , P. R. China
| | - Hong-Xi Li
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , Jiangsu , P. R. China
| | - Ming Dai
- Suzhou Clean Environment Institute , Jiangsu Sujing Group Co., Ltd. , Suzhou 215122 , Jiangsu , China
| | - Hai-Yan Li
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , Jiangsu , P. R. China
| | - Jian-Ping Lang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science , Soochow University , Suzhou 215123 , Jiangsu , P. R. China.,State Key Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry , Shanghai Institute of Organic Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Shanghai 200032 , P. R. China
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Que X, Yan Y, Qiu Z. Synthesis and characterization of benzocyclobutene-terminated imides with high organosolubility. Eur Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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