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Nam K, Lee DY. Self-Organization via Dewetting in Polymeric Assemblies. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2400255. [PMID: 38597696 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202400255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Dewetting is a spontaneous process involving a thin liquid film that minimizes interfacial energy by reducing the surface area via the generation of defects on the film. In industry, dewetting is regarded as a problem that results in defects or a heterogeneous surface; however, in this study, dewetting is intentionally induced to create various patterns at intended positions spontaneously with polymeric materials and nanoparticles. The dewetting-induced patterning process is conducted by controlling the capillary force and evaporation ratio through an evaporative self-assembly system. The linear-polymeric arrays on the substrate played an important role in modifying the surface geometry and treatment for a heterogeneous surface, and an additional patterning process is performed on patterned arrays to create dewetting-induced self-organizing patterns. Here, this method is used to introduce material arrays with specific shapes such as dots, dumbbells, potbellies, Vs, and trapezoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kibeom Nam
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Yun Lee
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
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Song T, Jiang Z, Man X, Shi W. Joint Experimental and Theoretical Study on Deposition Morphologies in Polymer Sessile Droplets. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:860-870. [PMID: 38109327 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
Although past experimental and theoretical research has made substantial progress in understanding evaporation behaviors in various suspensions, the fundamental mechanism for polymer sessile droplets is still lacking. One critical effect is the molecular weight on the evaporation behaviors. Here, systematic experiments are carried out to investigate the evaporation behavior of polymer droplets under the effects of polymer concentration, evaporation rate, and especially molecular weight. We obtain polymer films with various morphologies with molecular weights ranging from 2 orders of magnitude to 4 orders of magnitude and polymer concentration across 4 orders of magnitude. We further develop a theoretical model based on the Onsager principle to explain the evaporation mechanism from a dynamic perspective. Analysis indicates that increasing molecular weight or polymer concentration enhances the contact angle hysteresis and slows down the evaporation, resulting in the transition from multiring to coffee ring and eventually to uniform films. The findings offer a guideline for achieving the desired deposition patterns via droplet processing techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Song
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zechao Jiang
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xingkun Man
- School of Physics, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
- Peng Huanwu Collaborative Center for Research and Education, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Weichao Shi
- Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of Ministry of Education, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
- Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300071, China
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Dewetting behavior of the spin-coated bilayer films of block copolymer and random copolymer induced by solvent vapor annealing. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-022-03354-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
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Golany Z, Weisbord I, Abo-Jabal M, Manor O, Segal-Peretz T. Polymer dewetting in solvent-non-solvent environment- new insights on dynamics and lithography-free patterning. J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 596:267-277. [PMID: 33839353 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2021.02.092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS We show that one may employ polymer dewetting in solvent-non-solvent environment to obtain lithography-free fabrication of well-defined nano- to micro- scale polymer droplets arrays from pre-patterned polymer films. The polymer droplet pattern may be converted to a series of hybrid organic-inorganic and inorganic well-defined nano-patterns by using sequential infiltration synthesis (SIS). In particular, we scrutinize the physical parameters which govern the dewetting of flat and striped polymer thin films, which is the key to obtaining our objective of lithography-free ordered nano-patterns. EXPERIMENTS We immerse polystyrene (PS) and polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) thin films in water in the presence of chloroform vapors. We study the ensuing polymer dewetting dynamics and the pattern formation of nanospheres by employing in-situ light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. We then investigate pattern formation by dewetting of polymer stripes, fabricated by directed solvent evaporation, and SIS of AlOx from vapor phase precursors, trimethyl aluminum (TMA) and H2O, within the nanosphere patterns. FINDINGS We find that solvent- non-solvent environments render film dewetting rates, which are an order of magnitude faster than solvent vapor dewetting, and supports the formation of small solid polymer droplets, down to sub-100 nm droplet size, of large contact angles with the solid substrate. Pre-patterned polymer film stripes support the formation of highly ordered structures of polymer droplets, which are easily transformed to hybrid polymer-AlOx nanosphere patterns and templated AlOx nanosphere via SIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziv Golany
- The Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Inbal Weisbord
- The Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Mohammad Abo-Jabal
- The Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Ofer Manor
- The Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel
| | - Tamar Segal-Peretz
- The Wolfson Department of Chemical Engineering, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 3200003, Israel.
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Bao L, Pinchasik BE, Lei L, Xu Q, Hao H, Wang X, Zhang X. Control of Femtoliter Liquid on a Microlens: A Way to Flexible Dual-Microlens Arrays. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:27386-27393. [PMID: 31268287 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b06390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Microlens arrays are key elements for light management in optoelectronic devices. The recent advancement in the wearable intelligent electronics has driven the development of flexible microlenses. In this work, we show a controllable and scalable surface-droplet-based strategy to create unconventional flexible polymer microlens arrays. The technique is underpinned by the morphological transition of femtoliter liquid on the surface of a microlens surrounded by a planar area. We found that the droplet liquid wetted the rim of the microlens first and gradually moved upward to the microlens surface with an increase in the liquid volume. The morphology evolution of the droplet is in good agreement with the predication from our simulations based on the interfacial energy minimization under the condition of the pinned boundary. The shape of the droplet on the microlens is well controlled by the droplet volume, aspect ratio of the microlens, and the interfacial energy of the droplets on the microlens. As a result, the obtained structures of one microlens partially covered by a droplet can be produced in arrays over a large scale, serving as templates for fabricating transparent polymer double microlens arrays for improved light emission from the optoelectronic device.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Bao
- School of Engineering , RMIT University , Melbourne , VIC 3001 , Australia
| | - Bat-El Pinchasik
- Department of Physics at Interfaces , Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research , Ackermannweg 10 , 55128 Mainz , Germany
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering , Tel-Aviv University , Ramat Aviv , 69978 Tel-Aviv , Israel
| | - Lei Lei
- School of Engineering , RMIT University , Melbourne , VIC 3001 , Australia
- School of Civil Engineering , Xuzhou University of Technology , Xuzhou , Jiangsu Province 221000 , China
| | - Qiwei Xu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 2V4 , Canada
| | - Hao Hao
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Science , Swinburne University of Technology , Hawthorn , VIC 3122 , Australia
| | - Xihua Wang
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 2V4 , Canada
| | - Xuehua Zhang
- Department of Chemical & Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering , University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta T6G 1H9 , Canada
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Zhang Y, D'Ambra CA, Katsumata R, Burns RL, Somervell MH, Segalman RA, Hawker CJ, Bates CM. Rapid and Selective Deposition of Patterned Thin Films on Heterogeneous Substrates via Spin Coating. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:21177-21183. [PMID: 31117458 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b05190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The selective deposition of polymer thin films can be achieved via spin coating by manipulating interfacial interactions. While this "spin dewetting" approach sometimes generates spatial localization on topographic and chemical patterns, the connection between material selection, process parameters, and resulting film characteristics remains poorly understood. Here, we demonstrate that accurate control over these parameters allows incomplete trichlorosilane self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) to induce spin dewetting on both homogeneous (SiO2) and heterogeneous (Cu/SiO2 or TiN/SiO2) surfaces. Glassy polymers undergo a sharp transition from uniform wetting to complete dewetting depending on spin speed, solution concentration, polymer molecular weight, and SAM chemistry. Under optimal conditions, spin dewetting on line-space patterns results in the selective deposition of polymer over regions not functionalized with SAM. The insights described herein clarify the importance of different variables involved in spin dewetting and provide access to a versatile strategy for patterning polymeric thin films.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ryan L Burns
- Tokyo Electron U.S. Holdings, Inc. , Austin , Texas 78741 , United States
| | - Mark H Somervell
- Tokyo Electron U.S. Holdings, Inc. , Austin , Texas 78741 , United States
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Ansari M, Mallik S, Mondal S, Bera R, Jana A, Nayak A, Das N. Triptycene-based fluorescent polymers with pendant alkyl chains: interaction with fullerenes and morphology of thin films. POLYM INT 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.5737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mosim Ansari
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Patna; Bihar India
| | - Samapika Mallik
- Department of Physics; Indian Institute of Technology Patna; Bihar India
| | - Snehasish Mondal
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Patna; Bihar India
| | - Ranajit Bera
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Patna; Bihar India
| | - Achintya Jana
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Patna; Bihar India
| | - Alpana Nayak
- Department of Physics; Indian Institute of Technology Patna; Bihar India
| | - Neeladri Das
- Department of Chemistry; Indian Institute of Technology Patna; Bihar India
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