1
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Hamzah O, Vandenbrouck T, Heux L, Jean B. Insight into the hydrophobic functionalization of cellulose microfibrils using the Passerini three-component reaction. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 341:122323. [PMID: 38876724 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 05/02/2024] [Accepted: 05/24/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
The aqueous catalyst-free one-pot Passerini 3-component reaction (P-3CR) was employed for the functionalization of dialdehyde cellulose (DAC) derived from the periodate oxidation of microfibrillated cellulose (MFC) with insights provided by 13C and 15N CP-MAS NMR and FTIR analyses. The kinetics of the P-3CR revealed rapid progress within the initial 2 h, reaching a plateau between 6 and 18 h. The reaction achieved a maximum degree of substitution (DS) with only 1 equivalent of carboxylic acid and isocyanide with respect to the number of aldehydes, therefore demonstrating the atom economy character of the P-3CR performed on MFC. Variable DS values (0.08 to 0.37) were achieved by altering the degree of oxidation of DAC (ranging from 0.48 to 1.1) when reacted with heptanoic acid and tert-butyl isocyanide. Additionally, aliphatic chain lengths of carboxylic acids from C4 to C11 were successfully used for the functionalization of DAC with distinct hydrophobic chains. Furthermore, while cosolvents negatively affected the DS when using heptanoic acid, a significant increase was observed in the case of undecanoic acid due to an improved solubility of the reagent. The aqueous medium P-3CR can thus be considered a versatile tool to tailor the functionalization of MFC and provide it with hydrophobicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oussama Hamzah
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CERMAV, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | | | - Laurent Heux
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CERMAV, F-38000 Grenoble, France
| | - Bruno Jean
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CERMAV, F-38000 Grenoble, France.
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2
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Pawlak M, Pobłocki K, Drzeżdżon J, Gawdzik B, Jacewicz D. "Isocyanates and isocyanides - life-threatening toxins or essential compounds?". THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 934:173250. [PMID: 38761928 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
Isocyanides and isocyanates are some of the most reactive compounds in organic chemistry, making them perceived as compounds with high potential for use in both the laboratory and industry. With their high reactivity also comes several disadvantages, most notably their potentially high toxicity. The following article is a collection of information on the toxic effects of the isocyanide group on the human body and the environment. Information on the mechanism of how these harmful substances affect living tissues and the environment, worldwide information on how to protect against these chemicals, current regulations, and exposure limits for specific countries is compiled. The latest research on the application uses of isocyanates and isocyanides is also outlined, as well as the latest safer and greener methods and techniques to work with these compounds. Additionally, the presented article can serve as a brief guide to the organic toxicity of a group of isocyanates and isocyanates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Pawlak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Environmental Technology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 63, Gdansk, Poland.
| | - Kacper Pobłocki
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Environmental Technology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 63, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Joanna Drzeżdżon
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Environmental Technology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 63, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Barbara Gawdzik
- Institute of Chemistry, Jan Kochanowski University, Uniwersytecka 7, 25-406 Kielce, Poland
| | - Dagmara Jacewicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Environmental Technology, University of Gdansk, Wita Stwosza 63, Gdansk, Poland.
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3
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Ahmad M, Naik MUD, Tariq MR, Khan I, Zhang L, Zhang B. Advances in natural polysaccharides for gold recovery from e-waste: Recent developments in preparation with structural features. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 261:129688. [PMID: 38280695 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.129688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
The increasing demand for gold because of its high market price and its wide use in the electronic industry has attracted interest in gold recovery from electronic waste (e-waste). Gold is being dumped as solid e-waste which contains gold concentrations ten times higher than gold ores. Adsorption is a widely used approach for extracting gold from e-waste due to its simplicity, low cost, high efficiency, and reusability of adsorbent material. Natural polysaccharides received increased attention due to their natural abundance, multi-functionality, biodegradability, and nontoxicity. In this review, a brief history, and advancements in this technology were evaluated with recent developments in the preparation and mechanism advancements of natural polysaccharides for efficient gold recovery. Moreover, we have discussed some bifunctional modified polysaccharides with detailed gold adsorption mechanisms. The modified adsorbent materials developed from polysaccharides coupled with inorganic/organic functional groups would demonstrate an efficient technology for the development of new bio-based materials for efficient gold recovery from e-waste. Also, future views are recommended for highlighting the direction to achieve fast and effective gold recovery from e-waste in a friendly and sustainable manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mudasir Ahmad
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xian 710072, China; Xian Key Laboratory of Functional Organic Porous Materials, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 710129, China
| | - Mehraj Ud-Din Naik
- Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Rizwan Tariq
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xian 710072, China
| | - Idrees Khan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xian 710072, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xian 710072, China
| | - Baoliang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xian 710072, China; Shaanxi Engineering and Research Center for Functional Polymers on Adsorption and Separation, Sunresins New Materials Co. Ltd., Xi'an 710072, China.
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4
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Remy L, Sudre G, Charlot A, Fleury E. α-Substituted ketones as reagent for Passerini modification of carboxymethyl cellulose: Toward dually functionalized derivatives and thermo-sensitive chemical hydrogels. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 320:121228. [PMID: 37659816 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/04/2023]
Abstract
The present works describes the Passerini modification of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) by using a library of nine α-substituted ketones derivatives, differing in their hydrophobicity and reactivity, conjointly with cyclohexyl isocyanide. The Passerini ligation, achieved in aqueous and mild conditions, was shown to be successful, leading to a large panel of dually functionalized CMC derivatives, in an eco-friendly manner. A particular attention was dedicated to the influence of the experimental parameters such as the stoichiometry, the nature of a co-solvent or the temperature, which allowed to tune the extent of modification. The reactivity of the ketone was proven to be governed by its i) compatibility with water, ii) sterical accessibility, and by iii) the presence of neighboring electron-withdrawing group. The resulting Passerini CMC products modified by methacrylate moieties (CMC-MA) were used as reactive macromonomer under a "grafting through" approach. The copolymerization of CMC-MA with oligoethylene glycol methacrylate (OEGMA) and diethylene glycol methacrylate (DEGMA) upon thermal radical reaction conditions enabled to generate tightly cross-linked chemical hydrogels, with a thermo-sensitive and thermo-reversible behavior, reflected by a macroscopical shrinkage/swelling response, and confirmed by SAXS analysis. Such chemical strategy paves the way toward multifunctional polysaccharide-based networks with potential utilizations as drug delivery devices, dye removals or actuators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Remy
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSA Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, UMR 5223, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, F-69621 Cédex, France
| | - Guillaume Sudre
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSA Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, UMR 5223, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, F-69621 Cédex, France
| | - Aurélia Charlot
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSA Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, UMR 5223, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, F-69621 Cédex, France.
| | - Etienne Fleury
- Université de Lyon, CNRS, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, INSA Lyon, Université Jean Monnet, UMR 5223, Ingénierie des Matériaux Polymères, F-69621 Cédex, France.
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5
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Sun X, Wang C, Zhang X, Zhang Y, Wang Q, Sun J. Synthesis of Functional Isosorbide-Based Polyesters and Polyamides by Passerini Three-Component Polymerization. Chemistry 2023:e202303005. [PMID: 37823842 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202303005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Environmental issues are becoming more and more prominent, and bio-based polymers are essential to alleviate environmental degradation by replacing traditional polymers. With this context, a new family of functional isosorbide-based polyesters and polyamides with high glass transition temperature are prepared via Passerini-Three component polymerization (P-3CP). To optimize the P-3CP conditions, the influence of the polymerization solvent, temperature, feed ratio on the molar mass of final polymers are investigated. The higher molar mass (up to 10100 g/mol) and yield (>70 %) are achieved under very mild conditions (30 °C, standard atmosphere). Functional side groups, such as alkenyl, alkynyl and methyl ester, were introduced into polymer structure via P-3CP by using functional isocyanides. The obtained polyesters and polyamides are characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and infrared (IR) spectroscopies, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). All polymers are thermal stable and amorphous with variable glass transition temperatures (Tg ). The obtained polyester has Tg up to 87.5 °C, while the Tg of polyamides (ISPA-2) is detected to be 97.5 °C depending on the amide bonds in the polymer backbone and the benzene ring side groups. The cytotoxicity is investigated by the CCK-8 assay against mBMSC cells to confirm the biological safety. Overall, this novel strategy provides an efficient approach to produce functional isosorbide-based polyesters and polyamides, which are promising prospect for being applied to biodegradable materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofei Sun
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-plastics, Ministry of Education, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Zhengzhou Rd. 53, CN-266042, Qingdao, China
| | - Chengliang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-plastics, Ministry of Education, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Zhengzhou Rd. 53, CN-266042, Qingdao, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-plastics, Ministry of Education, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Zhengzhou Rd. 53, CN-266042, Qingdao, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-plastics, Ministry of Education, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Zhengzhou Rd. 53, CN-266042, Qingdao, China
| | - Qingfu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-plastics, Ministry of Education, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Zhengzhou Rd. 53, CN-266042, Qingdao, China
| | - Jingjiang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-plastics, Ministry of Education, School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Zhengzhou Rd. 53, CN-266042, Qingdao, China
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6
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Kumar S, Arora A, Kumar S, Kumar R, Maity J, Singh BK. Passerini reaction: Synthesis and applications in polymer chemistry. Eur Polym J 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2023.112004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
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7
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Lu D, Zou X, Li C. Advances in the application of named reactions in polymer synthesis. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/09540083221143691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
With the development of polymer science, more and more named reactions have been applied to synthesizing polymers. Introducing new reactions into polymer synthesis is undoubtedly an excellent expansion for monomer and polymer libraries. In this review, the named reactions employed in polymer-chain synthesis were divided into seven types: electrophilic reactions, nucleophilic reactions, transition metal-mediated cross-coupling reactions, free radical reactions, pericyclic reactions, multi-component reactions and rearrangement reactions. The discussion was mainly focused on the progress in the utilization of these named reactions in polymer synthesis, which could be a valuable reference for researchers in the polymer field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Lu
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Xudong Zou
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
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8
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Stepping Further from Coupling Tools: Development of Functional Polymers via the Biginelli Reaction. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27227886. [PMID: 36431987 PMCID: PMC9698737 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27227886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Multicomponent reactions (MCRs) have been used to prepare polymers with appealing functions. The Biginelli reaction, one of the oldest and most famous MCRs, has sparked new scientific discoveries in polymer chemistry since 2013. Recent years have seen the Biginelli reaction stepping further from simple coupling tools; for example, the functions of the Biginelli product 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-(thi)ones (DHPM(T)) have been gradually exploited to develop new functional polymers. In this mini-review, we mainly summarize the recent progress of using the Biginelli reaction to identify polymers for biomedical applications. These polymers have been documented as antioxidants, anticancer agents, and bio-imaging probes. Moreover, we also provide a brief introduction to some emerging applications of the Biginelli reaction in materials and polymer science. Finally, we present our perspectives for the further development of the Biginelli reaction in polymer chemistry.
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9
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Abstract
Biodegradable and biocompatible biomaterials have offered much more opportunities from an engineering standpoint for treating diseases and maintaining health. Poly(ester amide)s (PEAs), as an outstanding family among such biomaterials, have risen overwhelmingly in the past decades. These synthetic polymers have easily and widely available raw materials and a diversity of synthetic approaches, which have attracted considerable attention. More importantly, combining the superiorities of polyamides and polyesters, PEAs have emerged with better functions. They could have improved biodegradability, biocompatibility, and cell-material interactions. The PEAs derived from α-amino acids even allow the introduction of pendant sites for further modification or functionalization. Meanwhile, it is gradually recognized that the chemical structures are closely related to the physiochemical and biological properties of PEAs so that their properties can be precisely controlled. PEAs therefore become significant materials in the biomedical fields. This review will attempt to summarize the recent progress in the development of PEAs with respect to the preparation materials and methods, structure-property relationships along with their latest biomedical accomplishments, especially for drug delivery and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyan Han
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518057, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun Wu
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518057, People's Republic of China
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10
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Xiao Y, Zhou Q, Fu Z, Yu L, Wang J. Synthesis of Poly(β-hydroxyketone)s with Three-Component Polymerization of Diazocarbonyl Compounds, Triethylboron, and Aldehydes. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c02348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yiyang Xiao
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) and Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Qi Zhou
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) and Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Zihao Fu
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) and Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Lefei Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) and Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jianbo Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory of Molecular Sciences (BNLMS) and Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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11
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Chou LC, Mohamed MG, Kuo SW, Nakamura Y, Huang CF. Synthesis of multifunctional poly(carbamoyl ester)s containing dual-cleavable linkages and an AIE luminogen via Passerini-type multicomponent polymerization. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:12317-12320. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cc03829c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We conducted Passerini multicomponent polymerizations with aldehydes, carboxylic acids, and isocyanide and afforded novel functional poly(carbamoyl ester)s with dual-cleavable linkages and an aggregation-induced emission luminogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Chieh Chou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, i-Center for Advanced Science and Technology (iCAST), National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
| | - Mohamed Gamal Mohamed
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Shiao-Wei Kuo
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, Center for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan
| | - Yasuyuki Nakamura
- Data-Driven Polymer Design Group, Research and Services Division of Materials Data and Integrated System (MaDIS), National Institute for Materials Science, 1-2-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0047, Japan
| | - Chih-Feng Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, i-Center for Advanced Science and Technology (iCAST), National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, 40227, Taiwan
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12
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Liu H, Lu HH, Zhuang J, Thayumanavan S. Three-Component Dynamic Covalent Chemistry: From Janus Small Molecules to Functional Polymers. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:20735-20746. [PMID: 34870962 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c08574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A new multicomponent reaction involving 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde, amine, and 2-mercaptobenzaldehyde (HAM reaction) has been developed and applied to multicomponent polymerization and controlled radical polymerization for the construction of random and block copolymers. This chemistry features mild reaction conditions, high yield, simple isolation, and water as the only byproduct. With the advantages of the distinct nucleophilicity of thiol and hydroxyl groups, the chemistry could be used for stepwise labeling and modifications on primary amines. The Janus chemical joint formed from this reaction exhibits degradability in buffers and generates the corresponding starting reagents, allowing amine release. Interestingly, the chemical joint exhibits thermally activated reversibility with water as the catalyst. This multicomponent dynamic covalent feature has been applied to the metamorphosis of random and block copolymers, generating polymers with diverse architectures. This chemistry is expected to be broadly applicable to synthetic polymer chemistry and materials science.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxu Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Hung-Hsun Lu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Jiaming Zhuang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - S Thayumanavan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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13
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Zhang X, Zhao W, Wang C, Cao L, Wang Q, Sun J. L‐glutamic acid as a versatile platform for rapid synthesis of functional polyesters via facile Passerini multicomponent polymerization. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber‐Plastics, Ministry of Education School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
| | - Wei Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Rubber‐Plastics, Ministry of Education School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
| | - Chengliang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber‐Plastics, Ministry of Education School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
| | - Lan Cao
- Key Laboratory of Rubber‐Plastics, Ministry of Education School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
| | - Qingfu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber‐Plastics, Ministry of Education School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
| | - Jingjiang Sun
- Key Laboratory of Rubber‐Plastics, Ministry of Education School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao China
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14
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Chen R, Ayyakkalai B, Sun J, Lee GA, Gopalan P. Formamide based monomer for highly functionalized polymers. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ri Chen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Wisconsin‐Madison Madison Wisconsin USA
| | - Balamurugan Ayyakkalai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Wisconsin‐Madison Madison Wisconsin USA
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Wisconsin‐Madison Madison Wisconsin USA
| | - Gene A. Lee
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering University of Wisconsin‐Madison Madison Wisconsin USA
| | - Padma Gopalan
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering University of Wisconsin‐Madison Madison Wisconsin USA
- Department of Chemistry University of Wisconsin‐Madison Madison Wisconsin USA
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15
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Zhu G, Fu W, Shi J, Tong B, Cai Z, Zhi J, Dong Y. Multicomponent Spiropolymerization of Diisocyanides, Diethyl Acetylenedicarboxylate, and Halogenated Quinones. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 42:e2100029. [PMID: 33987894 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Revised: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Multicomponent spiropolymerization (MCSP) provides an efficient synthetic tool for the construction of spiropolymers based on nonspiro monomers. In this study, a method of MCSP using diisocyanides 1, diethyl acetylenedicarboxylate 2, and halogenated quinones 3 is developed for the in situ construction of bis-spiropolymers with high molecular weights (Mw up to 29 200) and good yields (up to 87.7%) under mild reaction conditions. The structure of the obtained bis-spiropolymers is confirmed by gel permeation chromatography, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance analysis. Halogenated bis-spiropolymers show good thermal stability, good solubility, and film-forming ability. The photosensitizer rhodamine B is used as a doping agent to induce the photodegradation of the polymer P1a3c into small-molecule segments, which results in the slow release of halogenated spiro-groups under irradiation with simulated sunlight. This finding reveals that P1a3c has the potential to be applied in pesticides. Therefore, this MCSP is a novel method for preparing halogen-containing bis-spiropolymers, which accelerates the development of multifunctional polymer materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guinan Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Weiqiang Fu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jianbing Shi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Bin Tong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhengxu Cai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Junge Zhi
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yuping Dong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
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16
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Zeng Y, Zhu C, Tao L. Stimuli-Responsive Multifunctional Phenylboronic Acid Polymers Via Multicomponent Reactions: From Synthesis to Application. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 42:e2100022. [PMID: 33713503 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive polymers undergo changes under different environmental conditions. Among them, phenylboronic acid (PBA) containing polymers (PBA-polymers) are unique, because they can selectively react with diols to generate borates that are sensitive to pH, sugars, and H2 O2 , and can be effectively used to synthesize smart drug carriers and self-healing hydrogels. Recently, multifunctional PBA-polymers (MF-PBA-polymers) have been developed using multicomponent reactions (MCRs) to introduce PBA groups into polymer structures. These MF-PBA-polymers have features similar to those of traditional PBA-polymers; moreover, they exhibit additional properties, such as fluorescence, antimicrobial activity, and antioxidant capability, when different MCRs are used. In this mini review, the preparation of these MF-PBA-polymers are summarized and the new properties/functions that have been introduced into these polymers using different MCRs are discussed. The uses of these MF-PBA-polymers as fluorescent cell anticoagulants, drug carriers, and gelators of functional self-healing hydrogels have been discussed. Additionally, the challenges encountered during their preparation are discussed and also the future developments in this field are touched upon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zeng
- The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Chongyu Zhu
- Department of Materials Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Lei Tao
- The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
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Abstract
Research interest in the isocyanide-based reaction can be traced back to 1921 when the Passerini reaction was first reported. However, most of these research efforts did not lead to important progress in the synthesis of isocyanide-based polymers (IBPs). The major challenge resides in the lack of highly efficient polymerization methods, which limits large-scale preparation and applications. Modern organic chemistry provides efficient access to develop functional IBPs on the basis of isocyanide chemistry. However, it is still challenging to prepare the IBPs with small molecular isocyanide reaction. Our investigations into catalyst exploration and polymerization methodology have prompted the synthesis of a series of IBPs. Two classes of isocyanide monomers can be used for the construction of IBPs. The first class includes monomers with a single isocyanide. Novel catalysts for the synthetic chemistry of isocyanide allow the introduction of functional pendants into the linear polymer chains. This molecular functionalization endows the polymers with an array of new functional properties. For example, the incorporation of a chromophore on the polymeric side chain provides novel functional properties, such as aggregation-induced emission and optical activity. Diisocyanide monomers can be also utilized for the construction of heterocyclic, spiro-heterocyclic, and bispiro-heterocyclic polymers in the polymeric backbones. A new concept of "multi-component spiropolymerization" has been developed for the preparation of spiropolymers using the catalysis-free one-pot reaction. Proper structural design allows for the preparation of a heterocyclic polymeric chain with natural bioactivity and biological compatibility, generating new IBPs with biofunctionalities.In this Account, we discuss progress mainly made in our lab and related fields for the design of isocyanide monomers, exploration of new catalysts, and optimization of reaction conditions. The subsequent section discusses the characteristic properties and applications of selected examples of these functional polymers, mainly focusing on their optical applications. We have investigated the UV-sensitive IBPs that could potentially be used for lithography applications. One-pot highly efficient polymerization of diisocyanides and CO2 under mild conditions can provide a new method for realizing the reuse of CO2 and reducing the greenhouse effect. Through a combination of structural modifications, IBPs bearing dimethylbenzene moieties exhibit characteristics of black materials that can be potentially utilized as pyroelectric sensors, thermal detectors, and optical instruments. Most recently, our group synthesized a spiro-heterocyclic IBP with clusterization-triggered emission properties that can be used to discriminate cancer cells from normal cells and provides a new method for the treatment of cancer. The studies reviewed in this Account suggest that polymerization with isocyanide chemistry can be implemented in diverse functional macromolecules and materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengxu Cai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yue Ren
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Xiaofang Li
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Jianbing Shi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Bin Tong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Yuping Dong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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18
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Wu X, Li W, Hu R, Tang BZ. Catalyst-Free Four-Component Polymerization of Propiolic Acids, Benzylamines, Organoboronic Acids, and Formaldehyde toward Functional Poly(propargylamine)s. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 42:e2000633. [PMID: 33314555 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Multicomponent polymerizations (MCPs) are a group of fascinating polymer synthesis approaches that are developed rapidly in the recent decade. As a popular alkyne-based MCP, the A3 -polycouplings of alkynes, aldehydes, and amines are developed for the synthesis of poly(propargylamine)s under the catalysis of metal catalysts. In this work, through the design of carboxylic acid group-activated alkyne monomers, a catalyst-free, four-component polymerization of propiolic acids, benzylamines, organoboronic acids, and formaldehyde is reported under mild condition at 45 °C in dichloroethane. This four-component polymerization is applicable to different monomer structures, which can afford seven poly(propargylamine)s with up to 94% yields and molecular weights of up to 13 900 g mol-1 . Moreover, the poly(propargylamine)s demonstrate good solubility and processibility, high thermal stability and light refractivity, unique photophysical property, and so on. The simple monomers, mild condition, low cost, high efficiency, and procedure simplicity of this catalyst-free four-component polymerization demonstrates an elegant example of functional polymer synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuying Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, SCUT-HKUST Joint Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Weizhang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, SCUT-HKUST Joint Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Rongrong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, SCUT-HKUST Joint Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou, 510640, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, SCUT-HKUST Joint Research Institute, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Luminescence from Molecular Aggregates, South China University of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou, 510640, China.,Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.,AIE Institute, South China University of Technology (SCUT), Guangzhou, 510530, China
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Liu G, Pan R, Wei Y, Tao L. The Hantzsch Reaction in Polymer Chemistry: From Synthetic Methods to Applications. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 42:e2000459. [PMID: 33006198 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The Hantzcsh reaction is a robust four-component reaction for the efficient generation of 1,4-dihydropyridine (1,4-DHP) derivatives. Recently, this reaction has been introduced into polymer chemistry in order to develop polymers having 1,4-DHP structures in the main and/or side chains. The 1,4-DHP groups confer new properties/functions to the polymers. This mini-review summarizes the recent studies on the development of new functional polymers by using the Hantzsch reaction. Several synthetic approaches, including polycondensation, post-polymerization modification (PPM), monomer to polymer strategy, and one-pot strategy are introduced; different applications (protein conjugation, formaldehyde detection, drug carrier, and anti-bacterial adhesion) of the resulting polymers are emphasized. Meanwhile, the future development of the Hantzsch reaction in exploring new functional polymers is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoqiang Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Ruihao Pan
- The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yen Wei
- The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
| | - Lei Tao
- The Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Department of Chemistry, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, P. R. China
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Zhu G, Fu W, Han B, Shi J, Tong B, Cai Z, Zhi J, Dong Y. Catalyst-Free Multicomponent Cyclopolymerizations of Diisocyanides, Activated Alkynes, and 1,4-Dibromo-2,3-Butanedione: a Facile Strategy toward Functional Polyiminofurans Containing Bromomethyl Groups. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 42:e2000463. [PMID: 32989821 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Polymers containing iminofuran (PIFs) are rarely reported due to the lack of simple and effective synthesis methods. In this work, a novel multicomponent cyclopolymerization (MCCP) of diisocyanides, activated alkynes, and 1,4-dibromo-2,3-butanedione using catalyst-free one-pot reactions under mild conditions to prepare PIFs containing bromomethyl groups is reported. PIFs with good solubility and thermal stability are obtained with high Mw s (up to 19 600) and good yields (up to 89.5%) under optimized polymerization conditions. The structure of the PIFs is characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and gel permeation chromatography. The photophysical properties indicate that polymers P1a2b3 and P1c2b3 have cluster-triggered emission characteristics. Thin films made from PIFs quickly degrade under UV irradiation. Moreover, the obtained polymers are decorated with bromomethyl and carboxylate groups in the side chain, which can be postfunctionalized to prepare multifunctional materials, such as star branched polymers and biomedical carrier materials. Thus, this work not only enriches the field of polymerization based on isocyanates and activated alkynes but also provides a facile strategy toward functional iminofuran polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guinan Zhu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Weiqiang Fu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Binru Han
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Jianbing Shi
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Bin Tong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Zhengxu Cai
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Junge Zhi
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science of Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Yuping Dong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Construction Tailorable Advanced Functional Materials and Green Applications, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, China
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21
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Stiernet P, Aqil A, Zhu X, Debuigne A. Multicomponent Radziszewski Emulsion Polymerization toward Macroporous Poly(ionic liquid) Catalysts. ACS Macro Lett 2020; 9:134-139. [PMID: 35638665 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.9b00942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Interconnected macroporous imidazolium-based monoliths are produced via the modified Radziszewski multicomponent reaction (MCR) applied to triamines under high internal phase emulsion (HIPE) conditions. This straightforward one-pot synthesis combines the efficiency and versatility of MCRs with the ease of implementation of the emulsion templating polymerization process. The characterization of the chemical structure and morphology of the resulting materials confirms the formation of the expected macroporous poly(ionic liquid)s (PILs) networks. The promising catalytic activity and recyclability of these porous PIL monoliths are illustrated for the transesterification reaction and the decarboxylation of caffeic acid. In these cases, almost complete conversion is reached while benefiting from the advantages associated with a heterogeneous catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Stiernet
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), Research Unit “Complex and Entangled Systems: from Atoms to Materials” (CESAM), University of Liege (ULiege), Quartier Agora, 13 Allée du Six Août, Sart-Tilman, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Abdelhafid Aqil
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), Research Unit “Complex and Entangled Systems: from Atoms to Materials” (CESAM), University of Liege (ULiege), Quartier Agora, 13 Allée du Six Août, Sart-Tilman, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Xiaomin Zhu
- RWTH Aachen University, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52056 Aachen, Germany
| | - Antoine Debuigne
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), Research Unit “Complex and Entangled Systems: from Atoms to Materials” (CESAM), University of Liege (ULiege), Quartier Agora, 13 Allée du Six Août, Sart-Tilman, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
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22
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Cao W, Dai F, Hu R, Tang BZ. Economic Sulfur Conversion to Functional Polythioamides through Catalyst-Free Multicomponent Polymerizations of Sulfur, Acids, and Amines. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:978-986. [PMID: 31841620 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b11066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Sulfur utilization is a global concern because of its abundant nature sources and the safety or environmental problems caused by its burning or oxidation during storage, while sulfur-containing polymers are popular materials in virtue of their fascinating properties such as metal coordination ability, high refractive indices, and semiconducting property. The synthesis of sulfur-containing polymers is challenging, especially directly from elemental sulfur. Herein, catalyst-free and scalable multicomponent polymerizations (MCPs) of all commercially available elemental sulfur, dicarboxylic acids, and diamines were reported to facilely construct 12 polythioamides with diverse and well-defined structures, high molecular weights (Mw's up to 86 200 g/mol), and excellent yields (up to 99%) from elemental sulfur. Besides commonly used aliphatic diamines, aromatic diamine monomers are also applicable to these multicomponent polymerizations, affording polythioamides with unique rigid structures and improved functionality as compared to those of the previously reported polythioamides. These polythioamides can be applied in gold recovery, which could extract a trace amount of Au3+ from practical acidic leaching solution of discarded electronic waste selectively, rapidly (1 min), sensitively (10 ppb), and efficiently (>99.99%) with high extraction capacity up to 0.60 g· Au3+/g to directly afford high-purity elemental gold after pyrolysis. The MCPs could make use of both abundantly existing sulfur waste and trace amounts of precious gold residue in electronic wastes, demonstrating their great potential in resource utilization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction , The Hong Kong University of Science & Technology , Clear Water Bay , Kowloon , Hong Kong, China
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Tang X, Zhang L, Hu R, Tang BZ. Multicomponent Tandem Polymerization of Aromatic Alkynes, Carbonyl Chloride, and Fischer's Base toward Poly(diene merocyanine)s. CHINESE J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201900256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Center for Aggregation‐Induced EmissionSouth China University of Technology Guangzhou Guangdong 510640 China
| | - Lihui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Center for Aggregation‐Induced EmissionSouth China University of Technology Guangzhou Guangdong 510640 China
| | - Rongrong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Center for Aggregation‐Induced EmissionSouth China University of Technology Guangzhou Guangdong 510640 China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Center for Aggregation‐Induced EmissionSouth China University of Technology Guangzhou Guangdong 510640 China
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Centre for Tissue Restoration and ReconstructionThe Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Clear Water Bay Kowloon Hong Kong, China
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24
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Qi C, Zheng C, Hu R, Tang BZ. Direct Construction of Acid-Responsive Poly(indolone)s through Multicomponent Tandem Polymerizations. ACS Macro Lett 2019; 8:569-575. [PMID: 35619365 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.9b00297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Multicomponent polymerizations (MCPs) as a burgeoning field in polymer chemistry has proved to be a powerful and popular tool for the synthesis of functional polymer materials with diverse and complex structures. To explore the general applicability of MCPs and enrich the product structures of MCPs, multicomponent tandem polymerizations (MCTPs) with great synthetic simplicity and efficiency were pursued. In this work, MCTPs of N-(2-iodophenyl)-3-phenyl-N-tosylpropiolamide, aromatic terminal alkynes, and diamines were explored through combining Sonogashira coupling and Michael addition reaction in a one-pot procedure. The MCTPs could proceed efficiently and conveniently under mild conditions with Pd(PPh3)2Cl2, CuI, and i-Pr2NEt, affording 12 poly(indolone)s with unique structures and high Mws (up to 30400 g/mol) in high yields (up to 97%). The poly(indolone)s possess a unique acid-triggered fluorescence "turn-on" response which could realize specific detection of CF3SO3H from other inorganic and organic acids through a rapid acid-catalyzed reaction from enamine to ketone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunxuan Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Chao Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Rongrong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, Center for Aggregation-Induced Emission, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
- Department of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China
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25
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Fu W, Shi J, Tong B, Cai Z, Zhi J, Dong Y. Synthesis and Characterization of Poly(iminofuran-arylene) Containing Bromomethyl Groups Linked at the 5-Position of a Furan Ring via the Multicomponent Polymerizations of Diisocyanides, Dialkylacetylene Dicarboxylates, and Bis(2-bromoacetyl)biphenyl. Macromolecules 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b00408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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26
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Stiernet P, Lecomte P, De Winter J, Debuigne A. Ugi Three-Component Polymerization Toward Poly(α-amino amide)s. ACS Macro Lett 2019; 8:427-434. [PMID: 35651127 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.9b00182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Due to their great modularity, ease of implementation, and atom economy, multicomponent reactions (MCRs) are becoming increasingly popular macromolecular engineering tools. In this context, MCRs suitable in polymer synthesis are eagerly searched for. This work demonstrates the potential of the Ugi-three component reaction (Ugi-3CR) for the design of polymers and, in particular, of poly(α-amino amide)s. A series of polymers containing amino and amido groups within their backbone were obtained through a one-pot process by reacting aliphatic or aromatic diamines, diisocyanides, and aldehydes. The impact of temperature, concentration, catalyst loading, and substrates on polymerization efficiency is discussed. A preliminary study on the thermal properties and the solution behavior of these poly(α-amino amide)s was carried out. An aliphatic-rich derivative notably showed some pH-responsiveness in water via protonation-deprotonation of its amino groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre Stiernet
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), Research Unit “Complex and Entangled Systems: from Atoms to Materials (CESAM)”, University of Liege, Quartier Agora, 13 Allée du Six Août, Sart-Tilman, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Philippe Lecomte
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), Research Unit “Complex and Entangled Systems: from Atoms to Materials (CESAM)”, University of Liege, Quartier Agora, 13 Allée du Six Août, Sart-Tilman, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Julien De Winter
- Organic Synthesis and Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, University of Mons, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - Antoine Debuigne
- Center for Education and Research on Macromolecules (CERM), Research Unit “Complex and Entangled Systems: from Atoms to Materials (CESAM)”, University of Liege, Quartier Agora, 13 Allée du Six Août, Sart-Tilman, B-4000 Liège, Belgium
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27
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Ghashghaei O, Seghetti F, Lavilla R. Selectivity in multiple multicomponent reactions: types and synthetic applications. Beilstein J Org Chem 2019; 15:521-534. [PMID: 30873236 PMCID: PMC6404517 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.15.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple multicomponent reactions reach an unparalleled level of connectivity, leading to highly complex adducts. Usually, only one type of transformation involving the same set of reactants takes place. However, in some occasions this is not the case. Selectivity issues then arise, and different scenarios are analyzed. The structural pattern of the reactants, the reaction design and the experimental conditions are the critical factors dictating selectivity in these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ouldouz Ghashghaei
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences and Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Av. de Joan XXIII, 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesca Seghetti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, Via Belmeloro, 6, 40126, Bologna, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Lavilla
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences and Institute of Biomedicine (IBUB), University of Barcelona, Av. de Joan XXIII, 27-31, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
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Huang Y, Chen P, Wei B, Hu R, Tang BZ. Aggregation-induced Emission-active Hyperbranched Poly(tetrahydropyrimidine) s Synthesized from Multicomponent Tandem Polymerization. CHINESE JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10118-019-2230-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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