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Ostadi E, Mohammadi N. Does pervasive interconnected network of cellulose nanocrystals in nanocomposite membranes address simultaneous mechanical strength/water permeability/salt rejection improvement? Carbohydr Polym 2024; 325:121588. [PMID: 38008478 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2023.121588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2023] [Revised: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
In this research work, we investigated the effect of two cellulose nanocrystal (CNC)-related parameters, namely aspect ratio and loading content on the mechanical and desalination performance of a cellulose diacetate (CDA) model membrane system. Dispersion of high aspect ratio (HAR) CNCs in the CDA resulted in different types of nanoassembly, represented by evaluating the mechanical efficacy coefficient (CFE), viscoelastic responses and separation performance of the nanocomposite membranes. Accordingly, 0.15 and 0.25 wt% showed random isolated dispersion and tight polymer-nanorod network, while 0.50 and 0.75 wt% conformed to nanorods' pervasive interconnected network (PIN) through side-by-side aggregation and intensive bundle alignment, respectively. Specifically, the nanocomposite membrane containing 0.50 wt% HAR-CNCs simultaneously demonstrated improved mechanical strength along with mitigated water permeability/salt rejection tradeoff for brackish water desalination. This concurrent boosting was attributed to the effective mechanical reinforcement mechanism induced by the percolating network along with its partial aggregation-caused bi-continuous and electrostatically-controlled nano-pathways, orchestrating the separation tradeoff. It confirmed our hypothesis that a nanocomposite membrane with metamaterial characteristic could be obtained via manipulating the dispersion state of CNC rods in the CDA, triggering coincided optimization of mechanical strength and desalination performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Ostadi
- Department of Polymer and Color Engineering, AmirKabir University of Technology, P.O. Box 1591634311, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Naser Mohammadi
- Department of Polymer and Color Engineering, AmirKabir University of Technology, P.O. Box 1591634311, Tehran, Iran.
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2
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Prediction of equilibrium water uptake and ions diffusivities in ion-exchange membranes combining molecular dynamics and analytical models. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.121283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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3
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Geise GM. Bridging membrane transport models. Science 2022; 377:152. [DOI: 10.1126/science.abn5485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Analysis of transport processes in swollen polymer networks bridges two classical models
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Affiliation(s)
- Geoffrey M. Geise
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA
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4
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Zhang R, Troya D, Madsen LA. Prolonged Association between Water Molecules under Hydrophobic Nanoconfinement. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:13767-13777. [PMID: 34898212 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c06810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We present an investigation of the dynamics of water confined among rigid carbon rods and between parallel graphene sheets with molecular dynamics simulations. Diffusion coefficients, activation energy of diffusion, and residence-time correlation functions as a function of confinement geometry reveal a retardation of water dynamics under hydrophobic confinement compared to bulk water. In fact, water under various confinements possesses longer associations with its neighbors and exhibits diffusion dynamics characteristic of a lower temperature. Analysis of the residence-time correlation functions reveals long and short residence times, which we relate to the diffusion coefficient and activation energy of diffusion, respectively. Additional investigations reveal how the level of confining surface hydrophobicity affects water dynamics, further broadening our understanding of water diffusion inside diverse media. Overall, this study sheds light on the physical origin of retarded water dynamics under hydrophobic confinement and the close relationship between residence times and diffusion behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Diego Troya
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Louis A Madsen
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
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5
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Korovich AG, Chang K, Geise GM, Madsen LA. Local Water Transport in Rubbery versus Glassy Separation Membranes and Analogous Solutions. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrew G. Korovich
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Kevin Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, United States
| | - Geoffrey M. Geise
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, United States
| | - Louis A. Madsen
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
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Siddique T, Dutta NK, Choudhury NR. Mixed-Matrix Membrane Fabrication for Water Treatment. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:557. [PMID: 34436320 PMCID: PMC8402158 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11080557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, technology for the fabrication of mixed-matrix membranes has received significant research interest due to the widespread use of mixed-matrix membranes (MMMs) for various separation processes, as well as biomedical applications. MMMs possess a wide range of properties, including selectivity, good permeability of desired liquid or gas, antifouling behavior, and desired mechanical strength, which makes them preferable for research nowadays. However, these properties of MMMs are due to their tailored and designed structure, which is possible due to a fabrication process with controlled fabrication parameters and a choice of appropriate materials, such as a polymer matrix with dispersed nanoparticulates based on a typical application. Therefore, several conventional fabrication methods such as a phase-inversion process, interfacial polymerization, co-casting, coating, electrospinning, etc., have been implemented for MMM preparation, and there is a drive for continuous modification of advanced, easy, and economic MMM fabrication technology for industrial-, small-, and bulk-scale production. This review focuses on different MMM fabrication processes and the importance of various parameter controls and membrane efficiency, as well as tackling membrane fouling with the use of nanomaterials in MMMs. Finally, future challenges and outlooks are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Naba K. Dutta
- Chemical and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; or
| | - Namita Roy Choudhury
- Chemical and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia; or
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Chang K, Luo H, Bannon SM, Lin SY, Agata WAS, Geise GM. Methoxy groups increase water and decrease salt permeability properties of sulfonated polysulfone desalination membranes. J Memb Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2021.119298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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8
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Chang K, Luo H, Geise GM. Influence of Salt Concentration on Hydrated Polymer Relative Permittivity and State of Water Properties. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Chang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, 102 Engineers’ Way, P.O.
Box 400741, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Hongxi Luo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, 102 Engineers’ Way, P.O.
Box 400741, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Geoffrey M. Geise
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, 102 Engineers’ Way, P.O.
Box 400741, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
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Galitskaya EA, Privalov AF, Vogel M, Ryzhkin IA, Sinitsyn VV. Self-diffusion micromechanism in Nafion studied by 2H NMR relaxation dispersion. J Chem Phys 2021; 154:034904. [PMID: 33499620 DOI: 10.1063/5.0036605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Field Cycling (FC) 2H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxometry was applied to study dynamics in Nafion NR 212 in the temperature range from 300 K to 190 K and water content of λ = 8.2. The sensitive time window of FC was extended up to eight decades using the temperature-frequency superposition principle and master curve. The rotational correlation times obtained from 2H FC NMR coincide with translational correlation times gained from static field 2H NMR diffusometry in the temperature range applied. This fact means that a long-range mass transport in Nafion is coupled to molecular rotations. It is assumed that confined water in Nafion has more ordered oxygen sublattices as compared with bulk water, on a short range is similar to ice. We discuss the possible role of D and L defects, typical for the ordered ice structure and using this concept to describe the processes of self-diffusion of confined water in Nafion, as well as the similarity of temperature and humidity dependence of self-diffusion and proton conductivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena A Galitskaya
- Institute of Condensed Matter Physics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Hochschulstr. 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Alexei F Privalov
- Institute of Condensed Matter Physics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Hochschulstr. 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Michael Vogel
- Institute of Condensed Matter Physics, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Hochschulstr. 6, 64289 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Ivan A Ryzhkin
- Institute of Solid State Physics RAS, 2 Academician Ossipyan Str., 142432 Chernogolovka, Russian Federation
| | - Vitaly V Sinitsyn
- Institute of Solid State Physics RAS, 2 Academician Ossipyan Str., 142432 Chernogolovka, Russian Federation
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Glassy polymers: Historical findings, membrane applications, and unresolved questions regarding physical aging. POLYMER 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymer.2020.123176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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11
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Comparison of water and salt transport properties of ion exchange, reverse osmosis, and nanofiltration membranes for desalination and energy applications. J Memb Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.117998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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12
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Zhang R, Chen Y, Troya D, Madsen LA. Relating Geometric Nanoconfinement and Local Molecular Environment to Diffusion in Ionic Polymer Membranes. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b02755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Ying Chen
- Physical & Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99345, United States
| | - Diego Troya
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Louis A. Madsen
- Department of Chemistry and Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
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Russell ST, Pereira R, Vardner JT, Jones GN, Dimarco C, West AC, Kumar SK. Hydration Effects on the Permselectivity-Conductivity Trade-Off in Polymer Electrolytes. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b02291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian T. Russell
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Rhyz Pereira
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Jonathan T. Vardner
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Gabrielle N. Jones
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Christopher Dimarco
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Alan C. West
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Sanat K. Kumar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
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15
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Poling-Skutvik R, Roberts RC, Slim AH, Narayanan S, Krishnamoorti R, Palmer JC, Conrad JC. Structure Dominates Localization of Tracers within Aging Nanoparticle Glasses. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:1784-1789. [PMID: 30916569 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b00309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the transport and localization of tracer probes in a glassy matrix as a function of relative size using dynamic X-ray scattering experiments and molecular dynamics simulations. The quiescent relaxations of tracer particles evolve with increasing waiting time, tw. The corresponding relaxation times increase exponentially at small tw and then transition to a power-law behavior at longer tw. As tracer size decreases, the aging behavior weakens and the particles become less localized within the matrix until they delocalize at a critical size ratio δ0 ≈ 0.38. Localization does not vary with sample age even as the relaxations slow by approximately an order of magnitude, suggesting that matrix structure controls tracer localization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Poling-Skutvik
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , University of Houston , Houston , Texas 77204-4004 , United States
| | - Ryan C Roberts
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , University of Houston , Houston , Texas 77204-4004 , United States
| | - Ali H Slim
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , University of Houston , Houston , Texas 77204-4004 , United States
| | - Suresh Narayanan
- Advanced Photon Source , Argonne National Laboratory , Argonne , Illinois 60439 , United States
| | - Ramanan Krishnamoorti
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , University of Houston , Houston , Texas 77204-4004 , United States
| | - Jeremy C Palmer
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , University of Houston , Houston , Texas 77204-4004 , United States
| | - Jacinta C Conrad
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering , University of Houston , Houston , Texas 77204-4004 , United States
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