1
|
Yu L, Cui Y, Xing M, Sun Y, Li Z, Liu Y, Qu X, Chen S. Crystallization-Driven Controlled 2D Self-Assemblies via Aqueous RAFT Emulsion Polymerization. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024:e2400549. [PMID: 39137300 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202400549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2024] [Revised: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/15/2024]
Abstract
Aqueous emulsion polymerization is a robust technique for preparing nanoparticles of block copolymers; however, it typically yields spherical nanoassemblies. The scale preparation of nanoassemblies with nonspherical high-order morphologies is a challenge, particularly 2D core-shell nanosheets. In this study, the polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) and crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) are combined to demonstrate the preparation of 2D nanosheets and their aggregates via aqueous reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) emulsion polymerization. First, the crucial crystallizable component for CDSA, hydroxyethyl methacrylate polycaprolactone (HPCL) macromonomer is synthesized by ring opening polymerization (ROP). Subsequently, the RAFT emulsion polymerization of HPCL is conducted to generate crystallizable nanomicelles by a grafting-through approach. This PISA process simultaneously prepared spherical latices and bottlebrush block copolymers comprising poly(N',N'-dimethylacrylamide)-block-poly(hydroxyethyl methacrylate polycaprolactone) (PDMA-b-PHPCL). The latexes are now served as seeds for inducing the formation of 2D hexagonal nanosheets, bundle-shaped and flower-like aggregation via the CDSA of PHPCL segments and unreacted HPCL during cooling. Electron microscope analysis trace the morphology evolution of these 2D nanoparticles and reveal that an appropriate crystallized component of PHPCL blocks play a pivotal role in forming a hierarchical structure. This work demonstrates significant potential for large-scale production of 2D nanoassemblies through RAFT emulsion polymerization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Li Yu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Functional Polymers, School of Chemical Engineering and Science, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, P. R. China
| | - Yuhong Cui
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Functional Polymers, School of Chemical Engineering and Science, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, P. R. China
| | - Mingxue Xing
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Functional Polymers, School of Chemical Engineering and Science, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, P. R. China
| | - Yuemeng Sun
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Functional Polymers, School of Chemical Engineering and Science, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, P. R. China
| | - Zhengxiao Li
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Functional Polymers, School of Chemical Engineering and Science, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, P. R. China
| | - Yingchun Liu
- Jinghua Plastics Industry Co. Ltd., Langfang, 065800, P. R. China
| | - Xiongwei Qu
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Functional Polymers, School of Chemical Engineering and Science, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, P. R. China
| | - Shengli Chen
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Functional Polymers, School of Chemical Engineering and Science, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin, 300401, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jiang N, Yu T, Zhang M, Barrett BN, Sun H, Wang J, Luo Y, Sternhagen GL, Xuan S, Yuan G, Kelley EG, Qian S, Bonnesen PV, Hong K, Li D, Zhang D. Effect of Micellar Morphology on the Temperature-Induced Structural Evolution of ABC Polypeptoid Triblock Terpolymers into Two-Compartment Hydrogel Network. Macromolecules 2024; 57:6449-6464. [PMID: 39071044 PMCID: PMC11270984 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.4c00162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
We investigated the temperature-dependent structural evolution of thermoreversible triblock terpolypeptoid hydrogels, namely poly(N-allyl glycine)-b-poly(N-methyl glycine)-b-poly(N-decyl glycine) (AMD), using small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) with contrast matching in conjunction with X-ray scattering and cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) techniques. At room temperature, A100M101D10 triblock terpolypeptoids self-assemble into core-corona-type spherical micelles in aqueous solution. Upon heating above the critical gelation temperature (T gel), SANS analysis revealed the formation of a two-compartment hydrogel network comprising distinct micellar cores composed of dehydrated A blocks and hydrophobic D blocks. At T ≳ T gel, the temperature-dependent dehydration of A block further leads to the gradual rearrangement of both A and D domains, forming well-ordered micellar network at higher temperatures. For AMD polymers with either longer D block or shorter A block, such as A101M111D21 and A43M92D9, elongated nonspherical micelles with a crystalline D core were observed at T < T gel. Although these enlarged crystalline micelles still undergo a sharp sol-to-gel transition upon heating, the higher aggregation number of chains results in the immediate association of the micelles into ordered aggregates at the initial stage, followed by a disruption of the spatial ordering as the temperature further increases. On the other hand, fiber-like structures were also observed for AMD with longer A block, such as A153M127D10, due to the crystallization of A domains. This also influences the assembly pathway of the two-compartment network. Our findings emphasize the critical impact of initial micellar morphology on the structural evolution of AMD hydrogels during the sol-to-gel transition, providing valuable insights for the rational design of thermoresponsive hydrogels with tunable network structures at the nanometer scale.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naisheng Jiang
- Key
Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Devices for Post-Moore Chips,
Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
- Department
of Chemistry and Macromolecular Studies Group, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Tianyi Yu
- Department
of Chemistry and Macromolecular Studies Group, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry and Macromolecular Studies Group, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Bailee N. Barrett
- Department
of Chemistry and Macromolecular Studies Group, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Haofeng Sun
- Key
Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Devices for Post-Moore Chips,
Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Key
Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Devices for Post-Moore Chips,
Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ying Luo
- Key
Laboratory of Advanced Materials and Devices for Post-Moore Chips,
Ministry of Education, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Garrett L. Sternhagen
- Department
of Chemistry and Macromolecular Studies Group, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Sunting Xuan
- Department
of Chemistry and Macromolecular Studies Group, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Guangcui Yuan
- NIST
Center for Neutron Research, National Institute
of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Elizabeth G. Kelley
- NIST
Center for Neutron Research, National Institute
of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Shuo Qian
- Neutron
Scattering Division and Second Target Station, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Peter V. Bonnesen
- Center
for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge
National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Kunlun Hong
- Center
for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge
National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Dongcui Li
- Hua An Tang
Biotech Group Co., Ltd., Guangzhou 511434, China
| | - Donghui Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry and Macromolecular Studies Group, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Brisson ERL, Worthington MJH, Kerai S, Müllner M. Nanoscale polymer discs, toroids and platelets: a survey of their syntheses and potential applications. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:1984-2021. [PMID: 38173417 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs01114f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Polymer self-assembly has become a reliable and versatile workhorse to produce polymeric nanomaterials. With appropriate polymer design and monomer selection, polymers can assemble into shapes and morphologies beyond well-studied spherical and cylindrical micellar structures. Steadfast access to anisotropic polymer nanoparticles has meant that the fabrication and application of 2D soft matter has received increasing attention in recent years. In this review, we focus on nanoscale polymer discs, toroids, and platelets: three morphologies that are often interrelated and made from similar starting materials or common intermediates. For each morphology, we illustrate design rules, and group and discuss commonly used self-assembly strategies. We further highlight polymer compositions, fundamental principles and self-assembly conditions that enable precision in bottom-up fabrication strategies. Finally, we summarise potential applications of such nanomaterials, especially in the context of biomedical research and template chemistry and elaborate on future endeavours in this space.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emma R L Brisson
- Key Centre for Polymers and Colloids, School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006 NSW, Australia.
| | - Max J H Worthington
- Key Centre for Polymers and Colloids, School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006 NSW, Australia.
| | - Simran Kerai
- Key Centre for Polymers and Colloids, School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006 NSW, Australia.
| | - Markus Müllner
- Key Centre for Polymers and Colloids, School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006 NSW, Australia.
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute (Sydney Nano), The University of Sydney, Sydney 2006 NSW, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ren YY, Deng BY, Liao ZH, Zhou ZR, Tung CH, Wu LZ, Wang F. A Smart Single-Fluorophore Polymer: Self-Assembly Shapechromic Multicolor Fluorescence and Erasable Ink. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2307971. [PMID: 37743568 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202307971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
A novel smart fluorescent polymer polyethyleneimine-grafted pyrene (PGP) is developed by incorporating four stimuli-triggers at molecular level. The triggers are amphiphilicity, supramolecular host-guest sites, pyrene fluorescence indicator, and reversible chelation sites. PGP exhibits smart deformation and shape-dependent fluorescence in response to external stimuli. It can deform into three typical shapes with a characteristic fluorescence color, namely, spherical core-shell micelles of cyan-green fluorescence, standard rectangular nanosheets of yellow fluorescence, and irregular branches of deep-blue fluorescence. A quasi-reversible deformation between the first two shapes can be dynamically manipulated. Moreover, driven by reversible coordination and the resulting intramolecular photoinduced electron transfer, PGP can be used as an aqueous fluorescence ink with erasable and recoverable properties. The fluorescent patterns printed by PGP ink on paper can be rapidly erased and recovered by simple spraying a sequence of Cu2+ and ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid aqueous solutions. This erase/recover transformation can be repeated multiple times on the same paper. The multiple stimulus responsiveness of PGP makes it have potential applications in nanorobots, sensing, information encryption, and anticounterfeiting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Yi Ren
- Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Huazhong University of Science and Technology) of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Bo-Yi Deng
- Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Huazhong University of Science and Technology) of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Zi-Hao Liao
- Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Huazhong University of Science and Technology) of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Zi-Rong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Huazhong University of Science and Technology) of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Chen-Ho Tung
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Li-Zhu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemical Conversion and Optoelectronic Materials, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry and University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Feng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Materials Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Huazhong University of Science and Technology) of Ministry of Education, Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang M, Liu Y, Zuo X, Qian S, Pingali SV, Gillilan RE, Huang Q, Zhang D. pH-Dependent Solution Micellar Structure of Amphoteric Polypeptoid Block Copolymers with Positionally Controlled Ionizable Sites. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:3700-3715. [PMID: 37478325 PMCID: PMC10428163 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/23/2023]
Abstract
While solution micellization of ionic block copolymers (BCP) with randomly distributed ionization sites along the hydrophilic segments has been extensively studied, the roles of positionally controlled ionization sites along the BCP chains in their micellization and resulting micellar structure remain comparatively less understood. Herein, three amphoteric polypeptoid block copolymers carrying two oppositely charged ionizable sites, with one fixed at the hydrophobic terminus and the other varyingly positioned along the hydrophilic segment, have been synthesized by sequential ring-opening polymerization method. The presence of the ionizable site at the hydrophobic segment terminus is expected to promote polymer association toward equilibrium micellar structures in an aqueous solution. The concurrent presence of oppositely charged ionizable sites on the polymer chains allows the polymer association to be electrostatically modulated in a broad pH range (ca. 2-12). Micellization of the amphoteric polypeptoid BCP in dilute aqueous solution and the resulting micellar structure at different solution pHs was investigated by a combination of scattering and microscopic methods. Negative-stain transmission-electron microscopy (TEM), small-angle neutron scattering (SANS), and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) analyses revealed the dominant presence of core-shell-type spherical micelles and occasional rod-like micelles with liquid crystalline (LC) domains in the micellar core. The micellar structures (e.g., aggregation number, radius of gyration, chain packing in the micelle) were found to be dependent on the solution pH and the position of the ionizable site along the chain. This study has highlighted the potential of controlling the position of ionizable sites along the BCP polymer to modulate the electrostatic and LC interactions, thus tailoring the micellar structure at different solution pH values in water.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Meng Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry and Macromolecular Studies Group, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Yun Liu
- Center
for Neutron Research, National Institute
of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, United States
| | - Xiaobing Zuo
- X-ray
Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, United States
| | - Shuo Qian
- Neutron
Scattering Division and Second Target Station, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Sai Venkatesh Pingali
- Neutron
Scattering Division, Oak Ridge National
Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Richard E. Gillilan
- MacCHESS
(Macromolecular Diffraction Facility at CHESS), Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
| | - Qingqiu Huang
- MacCHESS
(Macromolecular Diffraction Facility at CHESS), Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, United States
| | - Donghui Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry and Macromolecular Studies Group, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Yu T, Luo X, Prendergast D, Butterfoss GL, Rad B, Balsara NP, Zuckerman RN, Jiang X. The Structural Evolution of Polypeptoid Nanofibers Revealed by 3-D Cryo-TEM. MICROSCOPY AND MICROANALYSIS : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF MICROSCOPY SOCIETY OF AMERICA, MICROBEAM ANALYSIS SOCIETY, MICROSCOPICAL SOCIETY OF CANADA 2023; 29:1722-1723. [PMID: 37613920 DOI: 10.1093/micmic/ozad067.890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Yu
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Xubo Luo
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - David Prendergast
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Glenn L Butterfoss
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Behzad Rad
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Nitash P Balsara
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Ronald N Zuckerman
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Xi Jiang
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Kang L, Wang Q, Zhang L, Zou H, Gao J, Niu K, Jiang N. Recent Experimental Advances in Characterizing the Self-Assembly and Phase Behavior of Polypeptoids. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16114175. [PMID: 37297308 DOI: 10.3390/ma16114175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Polypeptoids are a family of synthetic peptidomimetic polymers featuring N-substituted polyglycine backbones with large chemical and structural diversity. Their synthetic accessibility, tunable property/functionality, and biological relevance make polypeptoids a promising platform for molecular biomimicry and various biotechnological applications. To gain insight into the relationship between the chemical structure, self-assembly behavior, and physicochemical properties of polypeptoids, many efforts have been made using thermal analysis, microscopy, scattering, and spectroscopic techniques. In this review, we summarize recent experimental investigations that have focused on the hierarchical self-assembly and phase behavior of polypeptoids in bulk, thin film, and solution states, highlighting the use of advanced characterization tools such as in situ microscopy and scattering techniques. These methods enable researchers to unravel multiscale structural features and assembly processes of polypeptoids over a wide range of length and time scales, thereby providing new insights into the structure-property relationship of these protein-mimetic materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liying Kang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qi Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Hang Zou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jun Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Kangmin Niu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Naisheng Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Jiang X, Seidler M, Butterfoss GL, Luo X, Yu T, Xuan S, Prendergast D, Zuckermann RN, Balsara NP. Atomic-Scale Corrugations in Crystalline Polypeptoid Nanosheets Revealed by Three-Dimensional Cryogenic Electron Microscopy. ACS Macro Lett 2023; 12:632-638. [PMID: 37099693 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.3c00101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Amphiphilic molecules that can crystallize often form molecularly thin nanosheets in aqueous solutions. The possibility of atomic-scale corrugations in these structures has not yet been recognized. We have studied the self-assembly of amphiphilic polypeptoids, a family of bio-inspired polymers that can self-assemble into various crystalline nanostructures. Atomic-scale structure of the crystals in these systems has been inferred using both X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy. Here we use cryogenic electron microscopy to determine the in-plane and out-of-plane structures of a crystalline nanosheet. Data were collected as a function of tilt angle and analyzed using a hybrid single-particle crystallographic approach. The analysis reveals that adjacent rows of peptoid chains, which are separated by 4.5 Å in the plane of the nanosheet, are offset by 6 Å in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the nanosheet. These atomic-scale corrugations lead to a doubling of the unit cell dimension from 4.5 to 9 Å. Our work provides an alternative interpretation for the observed Å X-ray diffraction peak often reported in polypeptoid crystals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xi Jiang
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Morgan Seidler
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Glenn L Butterfoss
- Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University, PO Box 129188, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Xubo Luo
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Tianyi Yu
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Sunting Xuan
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - David Prendergast
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Ronald N Zuckermann
- Molecular Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Nitash P Balsara
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yu T, Luo X, Prendergast D, Butterfoss GL, Rad B, Balsara NP, Zuckermann RN, Jiang X. Structural Elucidation of a Polypeptoid Chain in a Crystalline Lattice Reveals Key Morphology-Directing Role of the N-Terminus. ACS NANO 2023; 17:4958-4970. [PMID: 36821346 PMCID: PMC10018772 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c12503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The ability to engineer synthetic polymers with the same structural precision as biomacromolecules is crucial to enable the de novo design of robust nanomaterials with biomimetic function. Peptoids, poly(N-substituted) glycines, are a highly controllable bio-inspired polymer family that can assemble into a variety of functional, crystalline nanostructures over a wide range of sequences. Extensive investigation on the molecular packing in these lattices has been reported; however, many key atomic-level details of the molecular structure remain underexplored. Here, we use cryo-TEM 3D reconstruction to directly visualize the conformation of an individual polymer chain within a peptoid nanofiber lattice in real space at 3.6 Å resolution. The backbone in the N-decylglycine hydrophobic core is shown to clearly adopt an extended, all-cis-sigma strand conformation, as previously suggested in many peptoid lattice models. We also show that packing interactions (covalent and noncovalent) at the solvent-exposed N-termini have a dominant impact on the local chain ordering and hence the ability of the chains to pack into well-ordered lattices. Peptoids in pure water form fibers with limited growth in the a direction (<14 molecules in width), whereas in the presence of formamide, they grow to over microns in length in the a direction. This dependence points to the significant role of the chain terminus in determining the long-range order in the packing of peptoid lattices and provides an opportunity to modulate lattice stability and nanoscale morphology by the addition of exogenous small molecules. These findings help resolve a major challenge in the de novo structure-based design of sequence-defined biomimetic nanostructures based on crystalline domains and should accelerate the design of functional nanostructures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianyi Yu
- Materials
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Molecular
Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Xubo Luo
- Molecular
Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - David Prendergast
- Molecular
Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Glenn L. Butterfoss
- Center
for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York
University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Behzad Rad
- Molecular
Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Nitash P. Balsara
- Materials
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Ronald N. Zuckermann
- Molecular
Foundry, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Xi Jiang
- Materials
Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National
Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ma A, Yu X, Liao M, Liu W, Xuan S, Zhang Z. Research Progress in Polypeptoids Prepared by Controlled Ring-Opening Polymerizations. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2200301. [PMID: 35748135 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Revised: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Polypeptoids, structural mimics of polypeptides, have attracted considerable attention due to their biocompatibility, proteolytic stability, thermal processability, good solubility, synthetic accessibility, and structural diversity. Polypeptoids have emerged as an interesting material in both polymer science and biological field. This review primarily discusses the research progress of polypeptoids prepared by controlled ring-opening polymerizations in the past decade, including synthetic strategies of monomers, polymerizations by different initiators, postfunctionalization, fundamental properties, crystallization-driven self-assembly, and potential biological applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anyao Ma
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Xinyan Yu
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Mingzhen Liao
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Wenxiao Liu
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Sunting Xuan
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| | - Zhengbiao Zhang
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China.,State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wang Q, Kang L, Xu X, Zhang M, Chao A, Chen J, Han Z, Yu H, Li R, Zhao Y, Zhang D, Jiang N. Multiscale Crystalline Structure of Confined Polypeptoid Films: The Effect of Alkyl Side Chain Branching. ACS Macro Lett 2022; 11:1060-1066. [PMID: 35976225 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.2c00271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We report the effect of alkyl side chain branching on melt-recrystallization of nanoconfined polypeptoid films using poly(N-octyl glycine) (PNOG) and poly(N-2-ethyl-1-hexyl glycine) (PNEHG) as model systems. Upon cooling from the isotropic melt, confined PNOG molecules recrystallize into a near-perfect orthorhombic crystal structure with the board-like molecules stacked face-to-face in the substrate-parallel direction, resulting in long-range ordered wormlike lamellae that occupy the entire film. By contrast, rod-like PNEHG molecules bearing branched N-2-ethyl-1-hexyl side chains stack into a columnar hexagonal mesophase with their backbones oriented parallel to the substrates, forming micron-sized sheaf-like superstructures under confinement, exposing large areas of empty spaces in the film. These findings highlight the effect of alkyl side chain branching on the packing motif and multiscale crystalline structure of polypeptoids under a nanoconfined geometry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Liying Kang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiangyu Xu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Albert Chao
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Jianxia Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhijing Han
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Huihui Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ruipeng Li
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Yixin Zhao
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Precise Mining of Intergrown Energy and Resources, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Donghui Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Naisheng Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Qian S, Heller W, Chen WR, Christianson A, Do C, Wang Y, Lin JYY, Huegle T, Jiang C, Boone C, Hart C, Graves V. CENTAUR-The small- and wide-angle neutron scattering diffractometer/spectrometer for the Second Target Station of the Spallation Neutron Source. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2022; 93:075104. [PMID: 35922314 DOI: 10.1063/5.0090527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
CENTAUR has been selected as one of the eight initial instruments to be built at the Second Target Station (STS) of the Spallation Neutron Source at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. It is a small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) and wide-angle neutron scattering (WANS) instrument with diffraction and spectroscopic capabilities. This instrument will maximally leverage the high brightness of the STS source, the state-of-the-art neutron optics, and a suite of detectors to deliver unprecedented capabilities that enable measurements over a wide range of length scales with excellent resolution, measurements on smaller samples, and time-resolved investigations of evolving structures. Notably, the simultaneous WANS and diffraction capability will be unique among neutron scattering instruments in the United States. This instrument will provide much needed capabilities for soft matter and polymer sciences, geology, biology, quantum condensed matter, and other materials sciences that need in situ and operando experiments for kinetic and/or out-of-equilibrium studies. Beam polarization and a high-resolution chopper will enable detailed structural and dynamical investigations of magnetic and quantum materials. CENTAUR's excellent resolution makes it ideal for low-angle diffraction studies of highly ordered large-scale structures, such as skyrmions, shear-induced ordering in colloids, and biomembranes. Additionally, the spectroscopic mode of this instrument extends to lower momentum transfers than are currently possible with existing spectrometers, thereby providing a unique capability for inelastic SANS studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Qian
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, USA
| | - William Heller
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, USA
| | - Wei-Ren Chen
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, USA
| | | | - Changwoo Do
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, USA
| | - Yangyang Wang
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, USA
| | - Jiao Y Y Lin
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, USA
| | - Thomas Huegle
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, USA
| | - Chenyang Jiang
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, USA
| | - Cristina Boone
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, USA
| | - Cameron Hart
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, USA
| | - Van Graves
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37830, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Zhu C, Nicolas J. (Bio)degradable and Biocompatible Nano-Objects from Polymerization-Induced and Crystallization-Driven Self-Assembly. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:3043-3080. [PMID: 35707964 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) and crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) techniques have emerged as powerful approaches to produce a broad range of advanced synthetic nano-objects with high potential in biomedical applications. PISA produces nano-objects of different morphologies (e.g., spheres, vesicles and worms), with high solids content (∼10-50 wt %) and without additional surfactant. CDSA can finely control the self-assembly of block copolymers and readily forms nonspherical crystalline nano-objects and more complex, hierarchical assemblies, with spatial and dimensional control over particle length or surface area, which is typically difficult to achieve by PISA. Considering the importance of these two assembly techniques in the current scientific landscape of block copolymer self-assembly and the craze for their use in the biomedical field, this review will focus on the advances in PISA and CDSA to produce nano-objects suitable for biomedical applications in terms of (bio)degradability and biocompatibility. This review will therefore discuss these two aspects in order to guide the future design of block copolymer nanoparticles for future translation toward clinical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhu
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Galien Paris-Saclay, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Julien Nicolas
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS, Institut Galien Paris-Saclay, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Shi B, Shen D, Li W, Wang G. Self-Assembly of Copolymers Containing Crystallizable Blocks: Strategies and Applications. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2200071. [PMID: 35343014 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The self-assembly of copolymers containing crystallizable block in solution has received increasing attentions in the past few years. Various strategies including crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) and polymerization-induced CDSA (PI-CDSA) have been widely developed. Abundant self-assembly morphologies were captured and advanced applications have been attempted. In this review, the synthetic strategies including the mechanisms and characteristics are highlighted, the survey on the advanced applications of crystalline nano-assemblies are collected. This review is hoped to depict a comprehensive outline for self-assembly of copolymers containing crystallizable block in recent years and to prompt the development of the self-assembly technology in interdisciplinary field. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Boyang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Ding Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Shanghai Key Lab of Molecular Catalysis and Innovative Materials, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Guowei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Yang C, Li Z, Xu J. Single crystals and two‐dimensional crystalline assemblies of block copolymers. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Zi‐Xian Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Jun‐Ting Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Gadzinowski M, Kasprów M, Basinska T, Slomkowski S, Otulakowski Ł, Trzebicka B, Makowski T. Synthesis, Hydrophilicity and Micellization of Coil-Brush Polystyrene- b-(polyglycidol- g-polyglycidol) Copolymer-Comparison with Linear Polystyrene- b-polyglycidol. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:253. [PMID: 35054660 PMCID: PMC8778311 DOI: 10.3390/polym14020253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2021] [Revised: 12/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In this paper, an original method of synthesis of Coil-Brush amphiphilic polystyrene-b-(polyglycidol-g-polyglycidol) (PS-b-(PGL-g-PGL)) block copolymers was developed. The hypothesis that their hydrophilicity and micellization can be controlled by polyglycidol blocks architecture was verified. The research enabled comparison of behavior in water of PS-b-PGL copolymers and block-brush copolymers PS-b-(PGL-g-PGL) with similar composition. The Coil-Brush copolymers were composed of PS-b-PGL linear core with average DPn of polystyrene 29 and 13 of polyglycidol blocks. The DPn of polyglycidol side blocks of coil-b-brush copolymers were 2, 7, and 11, respectively. The copolymers were characterized by 1H and 13C NMR, GPC, and FTIR methods. The hydrophilicity of films from the linear and Coil-Brush copolymers was determined by water contact angle measurements in static conditions. The behavior of Coil-Brush copolymers in water and their critical micellization concentration (CMC) were determined by UV-VIS using 1,6-diphenylhexa-1,3,5-trien (DPH) as marker and by DLS. The CMC values for brush copolymers were much higher than for linear species with similar PGL content. The results of the copolymer film wettability and the copolymer self-assembly studies were related to fraction of hydrophilic polyglycidol. The CMC for both types of polymers increased exponentially with increasing content of polyglycidol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Gadzinowski
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, H. Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland; (M.G.); (T.B.); (T.M.)
| | - Maciej Kasprów
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland; (M.K.); (Ł.O.); (B.T.)
| | - Teresa Basinska
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, H. Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland; (M.G.); (T.B.); (T.M.)
| | - Stanislaw Slomkowski
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, H. Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland; (M.G.); (T.B.); (T.M.)
| | - Łukasz Otulakowski
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland; (M.K.); (Ł.O.); (B.T.)
| | - Barbara Trzebicka
- Centre of Polymer and Carbon Materials, Polish Academy of Sciences, M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 34, 41-819 Zabrze, Poland; (M.K.); (Ł.O.); (B.T.)
| | - Tomasz Makowski
- Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies, Polish Academy of Sciences, H. Sienkiewicza 112, 90-363 Lodz, Poland; (M.G.); (T.B.); (T.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Garcia-Hernandez JD, Parkin H, Ren Y, Zhang Y, Manners I. Hydrophobic Cargo Loading at the Core-Corona Interface of Uniform, Length-Tunable Aqueous Diblock Copolymer Nanofibers with a Crystalline Polycarbonate Core. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00395c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
1D core-shell nanoparticles are considered to be among the most promising for biomedical applications such as drug delivery. The versatile living crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) seeded growth method allows access to...
Collapse
|
18
|
Wu Y, Chen K, Wu X, Liu L, Zhang W, Ding Y, Liu S, Zhou M, Shao N, Ji Z, Chen J, Zhu M, Liu R. Superfast and Water-Insensitive Polymerization on α-Amino Acid N-Carboxyanhydrides to Prepare Polypeptides Using Tetraalkylammonium Carboxylate as the Initiator. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:26063-26071. [PMID: 34569145 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202103540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
We design the tetraalkylammonium carboxylate-initiated superfast polymerization on α-amino acid N-carboxyanhydrides (NCA) for efficient synthesis of polypeptides. Carboxylates, as a new class of initiator for NCA polymerization, can initiate the superfast NCA polymerization without the need of extra catalysts and the polymerization can be operated in open vessels at ambient condition without the use of glove box. Tetraalkylammonium carboxylate-initiated polymerization on NCA easily affords block copolymers with at least 15 blocks. Moreover, this method avoids tedious purification steps and enables direct polymerization on crude NCAs in aqueous environments to prepare polypeptides and one-pot synthesis of polypeptide nanoparticles. These advantages and the mild polymerization condition of tetraalkylammonium carboxylate-initiated NCA polymerization imply its great potential in functional exploration and application of polypeptides.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yueming Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Kang Chen
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Xue Wu
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Longqiang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Yun Ding
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Shiqi Liu
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Ning Shao
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Zhemin Ji
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Jiacheng Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Minghui Zhu
- School of Chemical Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Runhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.,Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Wu Y, Chen K, Wu X, Liu L, Zhang W, Ding Y, Liu S, Zhou M, Shao N, Ji Z, Chen J, Zhu M, Liu R. Superfast and Water‐Insensitive Polymerization on α‐Amino Acid
N
‐Carboxyanhydrides to Prepare Polypeptides Using Tetraalkylammonium Carboxylate as the Initiator. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202103540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yueming Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Kang Chen
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Xue Wu
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Longqiang Liu
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Weiwei Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Yun Ding
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Advanced Polymeric Materials School of Materials Science and Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Shiqi Liu
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Min Zhou
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Ning Shao
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Zhemin Ji
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Jiacheng Chen
- School of Chemical Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Minghui Zhu
- School of Chemical Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| | - Runhui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
- Key Laboratory for Ultrafine Materials of Ministry of Education Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry Research Center for Biomedical Materials of Ministry of Education East China University of Science and Technology Shanghai 200237 China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Jiang N, Zhang D. Solution Self-Assembly of Coil-Crystalline Diblock Copolypeptoids Bearing Alkyl Side Chains. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3131. [PMID: 34578031 PMCID: PMC8473287 DOI: 10.3390/polym13183131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Polypeptoids, a class of synthetic peptidomimetic polymers, have attracted increasing attention due to their potential for biotechnological applications, such as drug/gene delivery, sensing and molecular recognition. Recent investigations on the solution self-assembly of amphiphilic block copolypeptoids highlighted their capability to form a variety of nanostructures with tailorable morphologies and functionalities. Here, we review our recent findings on the solutions self-assembly of coil-crystalline diblock copolypeptoids bearing alkyl side chains. We highlight the solution self-assembly pathways of these polypeptoid block copolymers and show how molecular packing and crystallization of these building blocks affect the self-assembly behavior, resulting in one-dimensional (1D), two-dimensional (2D) and multidimensional hierarchical polymeric nanostructures in solution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naisheng Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Donghui Zhang
- Macromolecular Studies Group, Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Zhou P, Shen T, Ling J. Synthesis and properties of polypeptoid‐containing block copolymers: A review. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Ting Shen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| | - Jun Ling
- MOE Key Laboratory of Macromolecular Synthesis and Functionalization, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering Zhejiang University Hangzhou China
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Zhao M. Hierarchical assemblies of polypeptoids for rational design of advanced functional nanomaterials. Biopolymers 2021; 112:e23469. [PMID: 34406644 DOI: 10.1002/bip.23469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Polypeptoids (poly-N-substituent glycines) are a class of highly tailorable peptidomimetic polymers. Polypeptoids have identical backbones as polypeptides (poly-C-substituent glycines), but sidechains of polypeptoids are appended to backbone nitrogen rather than α-carbon of polypeptides. As a result, peptoid backbone lacks of chirality and hydrogen bond donors. This unique structure gives polypeptoids a combined merit of both high stability as synthetic polymers and biocompatibility as biopolymers. In addition, peptoid sequences can be engineered precisely to assemble specific crystalline patterns such as spheres, fibers, ribbons, tubes, and sheets, which shows promising potentials of polypeptoids for different applications such as antimicrobials, catalysts, drug delivery, and templating inorganic materials. In this review, we summarize recent investigations into hierarchical self-assembly pathways and molecular structures of peptoid crystals that are of interest as templates for fabricating functional materials for potential biomedical, biochemical, and bioengineering applications. This review provides a summary of recent experimental and computational studies of polypeptoid assembly in solution and solid-liquid interfaces, current achievements in the field, and discusses future challenges and opportunities for the rational design of self-assembled polypeptoid nanomaterials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mingfei Zhao
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Li Z, Cai B, Yang W, Chen CL. Hierarchical Nanomaterials Assembled from Peptoids and Other Sequence-Defined Synthetic Polymers. Chem Rev 2021; 121:14031-14087. [PMID: 34342989 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In nature, the self-assembly of sequence-specific biopolymers into hierarchical structures plays an essential role in the construction of functional biomaterials. To develop synthetic materials that can mimic and surpass the function of these natural counterparts, various sequence-defined bio- and biomimetic polymers have been developed and exploited as building blocks for hierarchical self-assembly. This review summarizes the recent advances in the molecular self-assembly of hierarchical nanomaterials based on peptoids (or poly-N-substituted glycines) and other sequence-defined synthetic polymers. Modern techniques to monitor the assembly mechanisms and characterize the physicochemical properties of these self-assembly systems are highlighted. In addition, discussions about their potential applications in biomedical sciences and renewable energy are also included. This review aims to highlight essential features of sequence-defined synthetic polymers (e.g., high stability and protein-like high-information content) and how these unique features enable the construction of robust biomimetic functional materials with high programmability and predictability, with an emphasis on peptoids and their self-assembled nanomaterials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhiliang Li
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States.,Institute of Molecular Science and Engineering, Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, Shandong 266237, China
| | - Bin Cai
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States.,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Shandong 250100, China
| | - Wenchao Yang
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States.,School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China
| | - Chun-Long Chen
- Physical Sciences Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99354, United States.,Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Babi J, Zhu L, Lin A, Uva A, El‐Haddad H, Peloewetse A, Tran H. Self‐assembled free‐floating
nanomaterials from
sequence‐defined
polymers. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jon Babi
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Linglan Zhu
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Angela Lin
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Azalea Uva
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Hana El‐Haddad
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Atang Peloewetse
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
| | - Helen Tran
- Department of Chemistry University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
- Department of Chemical Engineering University of Toronto Toronto Ontario Canada
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Kang L, Chao A, Zhang M, Yu T, Wang J, Wang Q, Yu H, Jiang N, Zhang D. Modulating the Molecular Geometry and Solution Self-Assembly of Amphiphilic Polypeptoid Block Copolymers by Side Chain Branching Pattern. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:5890-5902. [PMID: 33822620 PMCID: PMC8154532 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c01088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Solution self-assembly of coil-crystalline diblock copolypeptoids has attracted increasing attention due to its capability to form hierarchical nanostructures with tailorable morphologies and functionalities. While the N-substituent (or side chain) structures are known to affect the crystallization of polypeptoids, their roles in dictating the hierarchical solution self-assembly of diblock copolypeptoids are not fully understood. Herein, we designed and synthesized two types of diblock copolypeptoids, i.e., poly(N-methylglycine)-b-poly(N-octylglycine) (PNMG-b-PNOG) and poly(N-methylglycine)-b-poly(N-2-ethyl-1-hexylglycine) (PNMG-b-PNEHG), to investigate the influence of N-substituent structure on the crystalline packing and hierarchical self-assembly of diblock copolypeptoids in methanol. With a linear aliphatic N-substituent, the PNOG blocks pack into a highly ordered crystalline structure with a board-like molecular geometry, resulting in the self-assembly of PNMG-b-PNOG molecules into a hierarchical microflower morphology composed of radially arranged nanoribbon subunits. By contrast, the PNEHG blocks bearing bulky branched aliphatic N-substituents are rod-like and prefer to stack into a columnar hexagonal liquid crystalline mesophase, which drives PNMG-b-PNEHG molecules to self-assemble into symmetrical hexagonal nanosheets in solution. A combination of time-dependent small/wide-angle X-ray scattering and microscopic imaging analysis further revealed the self-assembly mechanisms for the formation of these microflowers and hexagonal nanosheets. These results highlight the significant impact of the N-substituent architecture (i.e., linear versus branched) on the supramolecular self-assembly of diblock copolypeptoids in solution, which can serve as an effective strategy to tune the geometry and hierarchical structure of polypeptoid-based nanomaterials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liying Kang
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Albert Chao
- Department
of Chemistry and Macromolecular Studies Group, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry and Macromolecular Studies Group, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Tianyi Yu
- Department
of Chemistry and Macromolecular Studies Group, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Jun Wang
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qi Wang
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Huihui Yu
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Naisheng Jiang
- School
of Materials Science and Engineering, University
of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
- Department
of Chemistry and Macromolecular Studies Group, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Donghui Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry and Macromolecular Studies Group, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
MacFarlane L, Zhao C, Cai J, Qiu H, Manners I. Emerging applications for living crystallization-driven self-assembly. Chem Sci 2021; 12:4661-4682. [PMID: 34163727 PMCID: PMC8179577 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc06878k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of crystallization as a tool to control the self-assembly of polymeric and molecular amphiphiles in solution is attracting growing attention for the creation of non-spherical nanoparticles and more complex, hierarchical assemblies. In particular, the seeded growth method termed living crystallization-driven self-assembly (CDSA) has been established as an ambient temperature and potentially scalable platform for the preparation of low dispersity samples of core-shell fiber-like or platelet micellar nanoparticles. Significantly, this method permits predictable control of size, and access to branched and segmented structures where functionality is spatially-defined. Living CDSA operates under kinetic control and shows many analogies with living chain-growth polymerizations of molecular organic monomers that afford well-defined covalent polymers of controlled length except that it covers a much longer length scale (ca. 20 nm to 10 μm). The method has been applied to a rapidly expanding range of crystallizable polymeric amphiphiles, which includes block copolymers and charge-capped homopolymers, to form assemblies with crystalline cores and solvated coronas. Living CDSA seeded growth methods have also been transposed to a wide variety of π-stacking and hydrogen-bonding molecular species that form supramolecular polymers in processes termed "living supramolecular polymerizations". In this article we outline the main features of the living CDSA method and then survey the promising emerging applications for the resulting nanoparticles in fields such as nanomedicine, colloid stabilization, catalysis, optoelectronics, information storage, and surface functionalization.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liam MacFarlane
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria British Columbia Canada
| | - Chuanqi Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria British Columbia Canada
| | - Jiandong Cai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria British Columbia Canada
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Huibin Qiu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China
| | - Ian Manners
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria British Columbia Canada
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Hierarchical supramolecular assembly of a single peptoid polymer into a planar nanobrush with two distinct molecular packing motifs. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2020; 117:31639-31647. [PMID: 33262279 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2011816117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Hierarchical nanomaterials have received increasing interest for many applications. Here, we report a facile programmable strategy based on an embedded segmental crystallinity design to prepare unprecedented supramolecular planar nanobrush-like structures composed of two distinct molecular packing motifs, by the self-assembly of one particular diblock copolymer poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(N-octylglycine) in a one-pot preparation. We demonstrate that the superstructures result from the temperature-controlled hierarchical self-assembly of preformed spherical micelles by optimizing the crystallization-solvophobicity balance. Particularly remarkable is that these micelles first assemble into linear arrays at elevated temperatures, which, upon cooling, subsequently template further lateral, crystallization-driven assembly in a living manner. Addition of the diblock copolymer chains to the growing nanostructure occurs via a loosely organized micellar intermediate state, which undergoes an unfolding transition to the final crystalline state in the nanobrush. This assembly mechanism is distinct from previous crystallization-driven approaches which occur via unimer addition, and is more akin to protein crystallization. Interestingly, nanobrush formation is conserved over a variety of preparation pathways. The precise control ability over the superstructure, combined with the excellent biocompatibility of polypeptoids, offers great potential for nanomaterials inaccessible previously for a broad range of advanced applications.
Collapse
|
28
|
He X, Finnegan JR, Hayward DW, MacFarlane LR, Harniman RL, Manners I. Living Crystallization-Driven Self-Assembly of Polymeric Amphiphiles: Low-Dispersity Fiber-like Micelles from Crystallizable Phosphonium-Capped Polycarbonate Homopolymers. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c02075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming He
- Key Laboratory of Applied Surface and Colloid Chemistry (Ministry of Education), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi’an 710119, P.R. China
| | - John R. Finnegan
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Convergent Bio-Nano Science and Technology and Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3V6, Canada
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Dominic W. Hayward
- Stranski-Laboratorium für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie Institut für Chemie Technische, Universität Berlin, Strβe des 17. Juni 124, Berlin 10623, Germany
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Liam R. MacFarlane
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3V6, Canada
| | - Robert L. Harniman
- School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom
| | - Ian Manners
- Department of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia V8W 3V6, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Jiang N, Chen J, Yu T, Chao A, Kang L, Wu Y, Niu K, Li R, Fukuto M, Zhang D. Cyclic Topology Enhancing Structural Ordering and Stability of Comb-Shaped Polypeptoid Thin Films against Melt-Induced Dewetting. Macromolecules 2020; 53:7601-7612. [PMID: 32952217 PMCID: PMC7498153 DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.0c01205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2020] [Revised: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the effect of cyclic chain topology on the molecular ordering and thermal stability of comb-shaped polypeptoid thin films on silicon (Si) substrates. Cyclic and linear poly(N-decylglycine) (PNDG) bearing long n-decyl side chains were synthesized by ring-opening polymerization of N-decylglycine-derived N-carboxyanhydrides. When the spin-coated thin films were subjected to thermal annealing at temperatures above the melting temperature (T > T m), the cyclic PNDG films exhibited significantly enhanced stability against melt-induced dewetting than the linear counterparts (l-PNDG). When recrystallized at temperatures below the crystallization temperature (T < T c), the homogeneous c-PNDG films exhibit enhanced crystalline ordering relative to the macroscopically dewetted l-PNDG films. Both cyclic and linear PNDG molecules adopt cis-amide conformations in the crystalline film, which transition into trans-amide conformations upon melting. A top-down solvent leaching treatment of both l/c-PNDG films revealed the formation of an irreversibly physisorbed monolayer with similar thickness (ca. 3 nm) on the Si substrate. The physisorbed monolayers are more disordered relative to the respective thicker crystalline films for both cyclic and linear PNDGs. Upon heating above T m, the adsorbed c-PNDG chains adopt trans-amide backbone conformation identical with the free c-PNDG molecules in the molten film. By contrast, the backbone conformations of l-PNDG chains in the adsorbed layers are notably different from those of the free chains in the molten film. We postulate that the conformational disparity between the chains in the physically adsorbed layers versus the free chains in the molten film is an important factor to account for the difference in the thermal stability of PNDG thin films. These findings highlight the use of cyclic chain topology to suppress the melt-induced dewetting in polymer thin films.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naisheng Jiang
- Department of Chemistry
and Macromolecular Studies Group, Louisiana
State University, Baton
Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jianxia Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Tianyi Yu
- Department of Chemistry
and Macromolecular Studies Group, Louisiana
State University, Baton
Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Albert Chao
- Department of Chemistry
and Macromolecular Studies Group, Louisiana
State University, Baton
Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| | - Liying Kang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ying Wu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Kangmin Niu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Ruipeng Li
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Masafumi Fukuto
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, United States
| | - Donghui Zhang
- Department of Chemistry
and Macromolecular Studies Group, Louisiana
State University, Baton
Rouge, Louisiana 70803, United States
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Zhang J, Zhu X, Miao C, He Y, Zhao Y. Synthesis and properties of pH-cleavable toothbrush-like copolymers comprising multi-reactive Y junctions and a linear or cyclic backbone. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py00084a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Y-junction-bearing toothbrush-like copolymers can exhibit unique physical properties and hierarchical (co)assembly behaviors dependent on topology, external stimuli and hydrolysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
| | - Xiaomin Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
| | - Cheng Miao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
| | - Yanzhe He
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
| | - Youliang Zhao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Polymer Design and Application
- State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials
- College of Chemistry
- Chemical Engineering and Materials Science
- Soochow University
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Xuan S, Zuckermann RN. Diblock copolypeptoids: a review of phase separation, crystallization, self-assembly and biological applications. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:5380-5394. [DOI: 10.1039/d0tb00477d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Diblock copolypeptoids have the capacity to phase separate, crystallize, and self-assemble into a variety of nanostructures, which have shown great potential in a variety of biological applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sunting Xuan
- Molecular Foundry
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
- Berkeley
- USA
- Materials Sciences Division
| | - Ronald N. Zuckermann
- Molecular Foundry
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
- Berkeley
- USA
- Materials Sciences Division
| |
Collapse
|