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Marcazzan S, Braz Carvalho MJ, Nguyen NT, Strangmann J, Slotta-Huspenina J, Tenditnaya A, Tschurtschenthaler M, Rieder J, Proaño-Vasco A, Ntziachristos V, Steiger K, Gorpas D, Quante M, Kossatz S. PARP1-targeted fluorescence molecular endoscopy as novel tool for early detection of esophageal dysplasia and adenocarcinoma. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:53. [PMID: 38383387 PMCID: PMC10880256 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-024-02963-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Esophageal cancer is one of the 10 most common cancers worldwide and its incidence is dramatically increasing. Despite some improvements, the current surveillance protocol with white light endoscopy and random untargeted biopsies collection (Seattle protocol) fails to diagnose dysplastic and cancerous lesions in up to 50% of patients. Therefore, new endoscopic imaging technologies in combination with tumor-specific molecular probes are needed to improve early detection. Herein, we investigated the use of the fluorescent Poly (ADP-ribose) Polymerase 1 (PARP1)-inhibitor PARPi-FL for early detection of dysplastic lesions in patient-derived organoids and transgenic mouse models, which closely mimic the transformation from non-malignant Barrett's Esophagus (BE) to invasive esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). METHODS We determined PARP1 expression via immunohistochemistry (IHC) in human biospecimens and mouse tissues. We also assessed PARPi-FL uptake in patient- and mouse-derived organoids. Following intravenous injection of 75 nmol PARPi-FL/mouse in L2-IL1B (n = 4) and L2-IL1B/IL8Tg mice (n = 12), we conducted fluorescence molecular endoscopy (FME) and/or imaged whole excised stomachs to assess PARPi-FL accumulation in dysplastic lesions. L2-IL1B/IL8Tg mice (n = 3) and wild-type (WT) mice (n = 2) without PARPi-FL injection served as controls. The imaging results were validated by confocal microscopy and IHC of excised tissues. RESULTS IHC on patient and murine tissue revealed similar patterns of increasing PARP1 expression in presence of dysplasia and cancer. In human and murine organoids, PARPi-FL localized to PARP1-expressing epithelial cell nuclei after 10 min of incubation. Injection of PARPi-FL in transgenic mouse models of BE resulted in the successful detection of lesions via FME, with a mean target-to-background ratio > 2 independently from the disease stage. The localization of PARPi-FL in the lesions was confirmed by imaging of the excised stomachs and confocal microscopy. Without PARPi-FL injection, identification of lesions via FME in transgenic mice was not possible. CONCLUSION PARPi-FL imaging is a promising approach for clinically needed improved detection of dysplastic and malignant EAC lesions in patients with BE. Since PARPi-FL is currently evaluated in a phase 2 clinical trial for oral cancer detection after topical application, clinical translation for early detection of dysplasia and EAC in BE patients via FME screening appears feasible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Marcazzan
- II. Medizinische Klinik, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Klinikum Rechts der Isar at Technical University of Munich, Munich, 81675, Germany
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany and Chair of Biological Imaging at the Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, 81675, Germany
- Clinical Radiology, Medical School OWL, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, 33615, Germany
| | - Marcos J Braz Carvalho
- II. Medizinische Klinik, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Klinikum Rechts der Isar at Technical University of Munich, Munich, 81675, Germany
| | - Nghia T Nguyen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Klinikum Rechts der Isar at Technical University of Munich, Munich, 81675, Germany
- Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, 81675, Germany
| | - Julia Strangmann
- Department of Medicine II (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, and Infectious Diseases), Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, 79106, Germany
| | - Julia Slotta-Huspenina
- Institute of Pathology, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, 81675, Germany
| | - Anna Tenditnaya
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany and Chair of Biological Imaging at the Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, 81675, Germany
| | - Markus Tschurtschenthaler
- Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, 81675, Germany
- Division of Translational Cancer Research, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, 69120, Germany
- Chair of Translational Cancer Research and Institute of Experimental Cancer Therapy, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Klinikum rechts der Isar at Technical University of Munich, Munich, 81675, Germany
| | - Jonas Rieder
- Department of Medicine II (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, and Infectious Diseases), Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, 79106, Germany
| | - Andrea Proaño-Vasco
- Department of Medicine II (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, and Infectious Diseases), Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, 79106, Germany
| | - Vasilis Ntziachristos
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany and Chair of Biological Imaging at the Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, 81675, Germany
| | - Katja Steiger
- Institute of Pathology, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, 81675, Germany
- Comparative Experimental Pathology (CEP) and IBioTUM tissue biobank, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, München, 81675, Germany
| | - Dimitris Gorpas
- Institute of Biological and Medical Imaging, Helmholtz Zentrum München, 85764 Neuherberg, Germany and Chair of Biological Imaging at the Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, 81675, Germany
| | - Michael Quante
- Department of Medicine II (Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Endocrinology, and Infectious Diseases), Freiburg University Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, 79106, Germany.
| | - Susanne Kossatz
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, TUM School of Medicine and Health, Klinikum Rechts der Isar at Technical University of Munich, Munich, 81675, Germany.
- Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research (TranslaTUM), TUM School of Medicine and Health, Technical University of Munich, Munich, 81675, Germany.
- Department of Chemistry, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Munich, 85748, Germany.
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Paulus L, Buehler A, Wagner AL, Raming R, Jüngert J, Simon D, Tascilar K, Schnell A, Rother U, Eckstein M, Lang W, Hoerning A, Schett G, Neurath MF, Waldner MJ, Trollmann R, Woelfle J, Bohndiek SE, Regensburger AP, Knieling F. Contrast-Enhanced Multispectral Optoacoustic Tomography for Functional Assessment of the Gastrointestinal Tract. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2302562. [PMID: 37289088 PMCID: PMC10427354 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202302562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Real-time imaging and functional assessment of the intestinal tract and its transit pose a significant challenge to conventional clinical diagnostic methods. Multispectral optoacoustic tomography (MSOT), a molecular-sensitive imaging technology, offers the potential to visualize endogenous and exogenous chromophores in deep tissue. Herein, a novel approach using the orally administered clinical-approved fluorescent dye indocyanine green (ICG) for bedside, non-ionizing evaluation of gastrointestinal passage is presented. The authors are able to show the detectability and stability of ICG in phantom experiments. Furthermore, ten healthy subjects underwent MSOT imaging at multiple time points over eight hours after ingestion of a standardized meal with and without ICG. ICG signals can be visualized and quantified in different intestinal segments, while its excretion is confirmed by fluorescent imaging of stool samples. These findings indicate that contrast-enhanced MSOT (CE-MSOT) provides a translatable real-time imaging approach for functional assessment of the gastrointestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lars‐Philip Paulus
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineUniversity Hospital ErlangenFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität (FAU) Erlangen‐Nürnberg91054ErlangenGermany
- Pediatric Experimental and Translational Imaging Laboratory (PETI‐Lab)Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineUniversity Hospital ErlangenFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität (FAU) Erlangen‐Nürnberg91054ErlangenGermany
| | - Adrian Buehler
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineUniversity Hospital ErlangenFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität (FAU) Erlangen‐Nürnberg91054ErlangenGermany
- Pediatric Experimental and Translational Imaging Laboratory (PETI‐Lab)Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineUniversity Hospital ErlangenFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität (FAU) Erlangen‐Nürnberg91054ErlangenGermany
| | - Alexandra L. Wagner
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineUniversity Hospital ErlangenFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität (FAU) Erlangen‐Nürnberg91054ErlangenGermany
- Pediatric Experimental and Translational Imaging Laboratory (PETI‐Lab)Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineUniversity Hospital ErlangenFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität (FAU) Erlangen‐Nürnberg91054ErlangenGermany
- Department of Pediatric Neurology, Center for Chronically Sick ChildrenCharité BerlinBerlinGermany
| | - Roman Raming
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineUniversity Hospital ErlangenFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität (FAU) Erlangen‐Nürnberg91054ErlangenGermany
- Pediatric Experimental and Translational Imaging Laboratory (PETI‐Lab)Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineUniversity Hospital ErlangenFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität (FAU) Erlangen‐Nürnberg91054ErlangenGermany
| | - Jörg Jüngert
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineUniversity Hospital ErlangenFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität (FAU) Erlangen‐Nürnberg91054ErlangenGermany
| | - David Simon
- Department of Medicine 3, University Hospital ErlangenFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität (FAU) Erlangen‐Nürnberg91054ErlangenGermany
| | - Koray Tascilar
- Department of Medicine 3, University Hospital ErlangenFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität (FAU) Erlangen‐Nürnberg91054ErlangenGermany
| | - Alexander Schnell
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineUniversity Hospital ErlangenFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität (FAU) Erlangen‐Nürnberg91054ErlangenGermany
| | - Ulrich Rother
- Department of Vascular SurgeryUniversity Hospital ErlangenFriedrich‐Alexander Universität (FAU) Erlangen‐Nürnberg91054ErlangenGermany
| | - Markus Eckstein
- Insitute of PathologyUniversity Hospital ErlangenFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität (FAU) Erlangen‐Nürnberg91054ErlangenGermany
| | - Werner Lang
- Department of Vascular SurgeryUniversity Hospital ErlangenFriedrich‐Alexander Universität (FAU) Erlangen‐Nürnberg91054ErlangenGermany
| | - André Hoerning
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineUniversity Hospital ErlangenFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität (FAU) Erlangen‐Nürnberg91054ErlangenGermany
| | - Georg Schett
- Department of Medicine 3, University Hospital ErlangenFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität (FAU) Erlangen‐Nürnberg91054ErlangenGermany
- German Center Immunotherapy (DZI)University Hospital ErlangenFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität (FAU) Erlangen‐Nürnberg91054ErlangenGermany
| | - Markus F. Neurath
- German Center Immunotherapy (DZI)University Hospital ErlangenFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität (FAU) Erlangen‐Nürnberg91054ErlangenGermany
- Department of Medicine 1University Hospital ErlangenFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität (FAU) Erlangen‐Nürnberg91054ErlangenGermany
| | - Maximilian J. Waldner
- German Center Immunotherapy (DZI)University Hospital ErlangenFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität (FAU) Erlangen‐Nürnberg91054ErlangenGermany
- Department of Medicine 1University Hospital ErlangenFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität (FAU) Erlangen‐Nürnberg91054ErlangenGermany
| | - Regina Trollmann
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineUniversity Hospital ErlangenFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität (FAU) Erlangen‐Nürnberg91054ErlangenGermany
| | - Joachim Woelfle
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineUniversity Hospital ErlangenFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität (FAU) Erlangen‐Nürnberg91054ErlangenGermany
| | - Sarah E Bohndiek
- Department of PhysicsUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB3 0HEUK
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge InstituteUniversity of CambridgeCambridgeCB2 0REUK
| | - Adrian P. Regensburger
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineUniversity Hospital ErlangenFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität (FAU) Erlangen‐Nürnberg91054ErlangenGermany
- Pediatric Experimental and Translational Imaging Laboratory (PETI‐Lab)Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineUniversity Hospital ErlangenFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität (FAU) Erlangen‐Nürnberg91054ErlangenGermany
| | - Ferdinand Knieling
- Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineUniversity Hospital ErlangenFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität (FAU) Erlangen‐Nürnberg91054ErlangenGermany
- Pediatric Experimental and Translational Imaging Laboratory (PETI‐Lab)Department of Pediatrics and Adolescent MedicineUniversity Hospital ErlangenFriedrich‐Alexander‐Universität (FAU) Erlangen‐Nürnberg91054ErlangenGermany
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Kopp A, Hofsess S, Cardillo TM, Govindan SV, Donnell J, Thurber GM. Antibody-Drug Conjugate Sacituzumab Govitecan Drives Efficient Tissue Penetration and Rapid Intracellular Drug Release. Mol Cancer Ther 2023; 22:102-111. [PMID: 36190986 PMCID: PMC9812893 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-22-0375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Revised: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Antibody-drug conjugates (ADC) are a rapidly growing class of targeted cancer treatments, but the field has experienced significant challenges from their complex design. This study examined the multiscale distribution of sacituzumab govitecan (SG; Trodelvy), a recently clinically approved ADC, to clarify the mechanism(s) of efficacy given its unique design strategy. We employed a multiscale quantitative pharmacokinetic approach, including near-infrared fluorescence imaging, single-cell flow cytometry measurements, payload distribution via γH2AX pharmacodynamic staining, and a novel dual-labeled fluorescent technique to track the ADC and payload in a high trophoblast cell-surface antigen 2 expression xenograft model of gastric cancer (NCI-N87). We found that rapid release of the SN-38 payload from the hydrolysable linker inside cells imparts more DNA damage in vitro and in vivo than an ADC with a more stable enzyme cleavable linker. With SG, little to no extracellular payload release in the tumor was observed using a dual-labeled fluorescence technique, although bystander effects were detected. The high dosing regimen allowed the clinical dose to reach the majority of cancer cells, which has been linked to improved efficacy. In addition, the impact of multiple doses (day 1 and day 8) of a 21-day cycle was found to further improve tissue penetration despite not changing tumor uptake [percent injected dose per gram (%ID/g)] of the ADC. These results show increased ADC efficacy with SG can be attributed to efficient tumor penetration and intracellular linker cleavage after ADC internalization. This quantitative approach to study multiscale delivery can be used to inform the design of next-generation ADCs and prodrugs for other targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Kopp
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | | | | | | | | | - Greg M. Thurber
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.,Corresponding Author: Greg M. Thurber, University of Michigan, 2800 Plymouth Rd., Ann Arbor, MI 48109. Phone: 734-764-8722; E-mail:
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4
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Li Z, Li Z, Zaid W, Osborn ML, Li Y, Yao S, Xu J. Mouthwash as a non-invasive method of indocyanine green delivery for near-infrared fluorescence dental imaging. JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL OPTICS 2022; 27:JBO-210326SSRR. [PMID: 35689334 PMCID: PMC9186466 DOI: 10.1117/1.jbo.27.6.066001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE X-ray imaging serves as the mainstream imaging in dentistry, but it involves risk of ionizing radiation. AIM This study presents the feasibility of indocyanine green-assisted near-infrared fluorescence (ICG-NIRF) dental imaging with 785-nm NIR laser in the first (ICG-NIRF-I: 700 to 1000 nm) and second (ICG-NIRF-II: 1000 to 1700 nm) NIR wavelengths. APPROACH Sprague Dawley rats with different postnatal days were used as animal models. ICG, as a fluorescence agent, was delivered to dental structures by subcutaneous injection (SC) and oral administration (OA). RESULTS For SC method, erupted and unerupted molars could be observed from ICG-NIRF images at a short imaging time (<1 min). ICG-NIRF-II could achieve a better image contrast in unerupted molars at 24 h after ICG injection. The OA could serve as a non-invasive method for ICG delivery; it could also cause the glow-in-dark effect in unerupted molars. For erupted molars, OA can be considered as mouthwash and exhibits outstanding performance for delivery of ICG dye; erupted molar structures could be observed at a short imaging time (<1 min) and low ICG dose (0.05 mg / kg). CONCLUSIONS Overall, ICG-NIRF with mouthwash could perform in-vivo dental imaging in two NIR wavelengths at a short time and low ICG dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongqiang Li
- Louisiana State University, College of Engineering, Division of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States
| | - Zheng Li
- Louisiana State University, College of Engineering, Division of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States
| | - Waleed Zaid
- Louisiana State University Health Science Center, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States
| | - Michelle L. Osborn
- Louisiana State University, School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Comparative Biomedical Science, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States
| | - Yanping Li
- University of Saskatchewan, School of Environment and Sustainability, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Shaomian Yao
- Louisiana State University, School of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Comparative Biomedical Science, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, United States
| | - Jian Xu
- University of Saskatchewan, School of Environment and Sustainability, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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Wang Q, Huang L, Zhu X, Zhou Y, Wang J, Su D, Liu L. MR/NIRF Dual-Mode Imaging of αvβ3 Integrin-Overexpressing Tumors Using a Lipopeptide-Based Contrast Agent. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:4543-4552. [PMID: 34677979 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Early diagnosis and noninvasive detection of hepatocellular carcinoma have profound clinical implications for treatment quality and improved prognosis. To obtain high-resolution macroscopic anatomical information and high-sensitivity microscopic optical signals to detect tumors, it is highly desirable to develop dual-mode magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and near-infrared fluorescent (NIRF) probes. An MR/NIRF dual-mode targeted contrast agent was created by encapsulating cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartate (cRGD) and Cy5.5 in liposomes and characterized by the particle size distribution, cytotoxicity, targeting, and MRI relaxivity. The MR T2 intensity and fluorescence intensity were evaluated in the tumors, livers, and muscles after the injection of cRGD-Liposome-Cy5.5 and Liposome-Cy5.5 at different time points. The average size of cRGD-Liposome-Cy5.5 was 62.33 ± 4.648 nm. The transverse relaxivity (R2) values had a negative correlation with the concentration of molecular probes. The MR signal intensity was enhanced in tumors after the cRGD-Liposome-Cy5.5 injection and not enhanced in liver parenchyma and muscles at the same time. The fluorescence intensity was enhanced in tumors after cRGD-Liposome-Cy5.5 injection in the targeted group. cRGD -Liposome-Cy5.5 as an entirely organic T2-positive dual-mode MR/NIRF targeted contrast agent is therefore able to detect early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma by targeting integrin αvβ3, providing advantages for potential clinical utility and ease of clinical transformation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Medical Imaging Department; Guangxi Key Clinical Specialty (Medical Imaging Department); Dominant Cultivation Discipline of Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital (Medical Imaging Department), Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning 530021, P. R. China
| | - Lei Huang
- Medical Imaging Department; Guangxi Key Clinical Specialty (Medical Imaging Department); Dominant Cultivation Discipline of Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital (Medical Imaging Department), Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning 530021, P. R. China
| | - Xuna Zhu
- Medical Imaging Department; Guangxi Key Clinical Specialty (Medical Imaging Department); Dominant Cultivation Discipline of Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital (Medical Imaging Department), Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning 530021, P. R. China
| | - Yan Zhou
- Medical Imaging Department; Guangxi Key Clinical Specialty (Medical Imaging Department); Dominant Cultivation Discipline of Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital (Medical Imaging Department), Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning 530021, P. R. China
| | - Jialing Wang
- Medical Imaging Department; Guangxi Key Clinical Specialty (Medical Imaging Department); Dominant Cultivation Discipline of Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital (Medical Imaging Department), Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning 530021, P. R. China
| | - Danke Su
- Medical Imaging Department; Guangxi Key Clinical Specialty (Medical Imaging Department); Dominant Cultivation Discipline of Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital (Medical Imaging Department), Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning 530021, P. R. China
| | - Lidong Liu
- Medical Imaging Department; Guangxi Key Clinical Specialty (Medical Imaging Department); Dominant Cultivation Discipline of Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital (Medical Imaging Department), Guangxi Medical University Cancer Hospital, Nanning 530021, P. R. China
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Böhmer VI, Szymanski W, Feringa BL, Elsinga PH. Multivalent Probes in Molecular Imaging: Reality or Future? Trends Mol Med 2021; 27:379-393. [PMID: 33436332 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmed.2020.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The rapidly developing field of molecular medical imaging focuses on specific visualization of (patho)physiological processes through the application of imaging agents (IAs) in multiple clinical modalities. Although our understanding of the principles underlying efficient IAs design has increased tremendously, many IAs still show poor in vivo imaging performance because of low binding affinity and/or specificity. These limitations can be addressed by taking advantage of multivalency, in which multiple copies of a ligand are employed to strengthen the interaction. We critically address specific challenges associated with the application of multivalent compounds in molecular imaging, and we give directions for a stepwise approach to the design of multivalent imaging probes to improve their target binding and pharmacokinetics (PK) for improved diagnostic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verena I Böhmer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Medical Imaging Center, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713, GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands; Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747, AF, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wiktor Szymanski
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747, AF, Groningen, The Netherlands; Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713, GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ben L Feringa
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747, AF, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Philip H Elsinga
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Medical Imaging Center, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713, GZ, Groningen, The Netherlands.
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Irwin RW, Escobedo AR, Shih JC. Near-Infrared Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor Biodistribution in a Glioma Mouse Model. Pharm Res 2021; 38:461-471. [PMID: 33709330 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-021-03012-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The biodistribution imaging kinetics of near-infrared monoamine oxidase inhibitor (NMI) are reported here. METHODS NMI was administered intravenously or orally to mice and detected by NIR fluorescence optical imaging within minutes and the longitudinal signal distribution was measured for up to 1 week after a single dose. RESULTS NMI rapidly reached 3.7-fold higher ventral and 3.2-fold higher brain region fluorescent signal intensity compared to oral route at 24 h. Similar patterns of NMI biodistribution were found in mice with or without intracranial implanted GL26 brain tumors. NMI was highly associated with tumors in contrast to adjacent non-tumor brain, confirming diagnostic utility. NMI 5 mg/kg imaging signal in brain at 48 h was optimal (tumor/non-tumor ratio > 3.5) with minimum off-target distribution. Intravenous NMI imaging signal peaked between 24 h and 48 h for lung, liver, kidney, blood, brain, and most other tissues. Clearance (signal weaker, but still present) from most tissues occurred by day 7. Intravenous low dose (0.5 mg/kg) minimally labeled tumor and other tissues, 5 mg/kg showed optimal imaging signal in glioma at a dose we previously reported as efficacious, and 50 mg/kg was tolerable but saturated the tissue signals beyond tumor specificity. Gel electrophoresis showed two major bands present in brain tumor and tissue protein lysates. CONCLUSIONS Intravenous 5 mg/kg was optimal dose to target brain tumor and identified off-target organs of concern: lungs, liver, and kidneys. These results demonstrate the biodistribution and optimal dose range of NMI for treatment and diagnostic monitoring of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald W Irwin
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Alesi R Escobedo
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jean C Shih
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA. .,USC-Taiwan Center for Translational Research, Los Angeles, California, USA.
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Khera E, Cilliers C, Smith MD, Ganno ML, Lai KC, Keating TA, Kopp A, Nessler I, Abu-Yousif AO, Thurber GM. Quantifying ADC bystander payload penetration with cellular resolution using pharmacodynamic mapping. Neoplasia 2020; 23:210-221. [PMID: 33385970 PMCID: PMC7779838 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2020.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
With the recent approval of 3 new antibody drug conjugates (ADCs) for solid tumors, this class of drugs is gaining momentum for the targeted treatment of cancer. Despite significant investment, there are still fundamental issues that are incompletely understood. Three of the recently approved ADCs contain payloads exhibiting bystander effects, where the payload can diffuse out of a targeted cell into adjacent cells. These effects are often studied using a mosaic of antigen positive and negative cells. However, the distance these payloads can diffuse in tumor tissue while maintaining a lethal concentration is unclear. Computational studies suggest bystander effects partially compensate for ADC heterogeneity in tumors in addition to targeting antigen negative cells. However, this type of study is challenging to conduct experimentally due to the low concentrations of extremely potent payloads. In this work, we use a series of 3-dimensional cell culture and primary human tumor xenograft studies to directly track fluorescently labeled ADCs and indirectly follow the payload via an established pharmacodynamic marker (γH2A. X). Using TAK-164, an anti-GCC ADC undergoing clinical evaluation, we show that the lipophilic DNA-alkylating payload, DGN549, penetrates beyond the cell targeted layer in GCC-positive tumor spheroids and primary human tumor xenograft models. The penetration distance is similar to model predictions, where the lipophilicity results in moderate tissue penetration, thereby balancing improved tissue penetration with sufficient cellular uptake to avoid significant washout. These results aid in mechanistic understanding of the interplay between antigen heterogeneity, bystander effects, and heterogeneous delivery of ADCs in the tumor microenvironment to design clinically effective therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eshita Khera
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Cornelius Cilliers
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Anna Kopp
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Ian Nessler
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | | | - Greg M Thurber
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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9
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Beringhs AO, Singh SP, Valdez TA, Lu X. Sublingual indocyanine green films for non-invasive swallowing assessment and inflammation detection through NIR/SWIR optical imaging. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14003. [PMID: 32814802 PMCID: PMC7438515 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71054-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Indocyanine green (ICG) is the most commonly used FDA-approved agent for clinical optical imaging, administered through injections only, due to its poor membrane permeability. Although ICG has vast potential for non-invasive non-radioactive imaging in patients, the clinical applications are limited by the invasive administration and short half-life in blood circulation. To expand the clinical value of ICG, non-toxic chitosan-based ICG-loaded films were designed for sublingual administration for near-infrared (NIR) and short-wave infrared (SWIR) optical imaging. Two film formulations were developed with different ICG release rates. Mold-casted self-emulsifying films rapidly released ICG (80% in 4 h) in the form of nanosized droplets, which were mostly swallowed and produced significant contrast of upper digestive tract to enable in vivo swallowing evaluations using NIR/SWIR imaging. Regular films released ICG slowly (80% in 25 h), allowing for steady absorption of ICG to systemic circulation. Inflammation in mouse feet was detected within 30 min after sublingual administration with a 1.43-fold fluorescence increase within 1 h at the inflammation sites, comparable to a 1.76-fold increase through intravenous injection. Administering ICG using sublingual films displayed notable potential for non-invasive diagnosis and monitoring of inflammatory conditions and swallowing disorders, addressing a current need for alternatives to ICG parenteral administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- André O'Reilly Beringhs
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA
| | - Surya Pratap Singh
- School of Medicine, Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, 94305, USA.,Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Dharwad, Dharwad, Karnataka, 580011, India
| | - Tulio Alberto Valdez
- School of Medicine, Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, 94305, USA.
| | - Xiuling Lu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, 06269, USA.
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10
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Korkmaz U, Ustun F. Experimental Breast Cancer Models: Preclinical Imaging Perspective. Curr Radiopharm 2020; 14:5-14. [PMID: 32384044 DOI: 10.2174/1874471013666200508080250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer is the leading cause of cancer in women. 13% of breast cancer patients are at a distant stage and mortality is due to metastases rather than primary disease. The unique genetic structure and natural process of breast cancer make it a very suitable area for targeted therapies. Experimental tumor models are validated methods to examine the pathogenesis of cancer, the onset of the neoplastic process and progression. OBJECTIVE This study aims to review the current literature on experimental breast cancer models and to bring a new perspective to the use of these models in teranostic preclinical studies in terms of the imaging. METHODS Search for relevant literature from academic databases using keywords (Breast cancer, theranostic, preclinical imaging, tumor models, animal study, and tailored therapy) was conducted. The full text of the articles was reached and reviewed. Current scientific data has been reevaluated and compiled according to subtitles. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION The development of animal models for breast cancer research has been done in the last century. Imaging methods used in breast cancer are used for tumor localization, quantification of tumor mass, imaging of genes and proteins, evaluation of tumor microenvironment, evaluation of tumor cell proliferation and metabolism and treatment response evaluation. Since human breast cancer is a heterogeneous group of diseases in terms of genetics and phenotype; it is not possible for a single model to adequately address all aspects of breast cancer biology. Considering that each model has advantages and disadvantages, the most suitable model should be chosen to verify the thesis of the study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulku Korkmaz
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
| | - Funda Ustun
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Trakya University, Edirne, Turkey
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11
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Zhang L, Wallace CD, Erickson JE, Nelson CM, Gaudette SM, Pohl CS, Karsen SD, Simler GH, Peng R, Stedman CA, Laroux FS, Wurbel MA, Kamath RV, McRae BL, Schwartz Sterman AJ, Mitra S. Near infrared readouts offer sensitive and rapid assessments of intestinal permeability and disease severity in inflammatory bowel disease models. Sci Rep 2020; 10:4696. [PMID: 32170183 PMCID: PMC7070059 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-61756-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal permeability and neutrophil activity are closely linked to inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) pathophysiology. Here we discuss two techniques for assessing permeability and neutrophil activity in mouse IBD models using near infrared (NIR) detection. To address the limitation of visible light readouts-namely high background-IRDye 800CW was used to enable rapid, non-terminal measurements of intestinal permeability. The increased sensitivity of NIR readouts for colon permeability is shown using dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) and anti-CD40 murine colitis models in response to interleukin-22 immunoglobulin Fc (IL22Fc) fusion protein and anti-p40 monoclonal antibody treatments, respectively. In addition to enhanced permeability, elevated levels of neutrophil elastase (NE) have been reported in inflamed colonic mucosal tissue. Activatable NIR fluorescent probes have been extensively used for disease activity evaluation in oncologic animal models, and we demonstrate their translatability using a NE-activatable reagent to evaluate inflammation in DSS mice. Confocal laser endomicroscopy (CLE) and tissue imaging allow visualization of spatial NE activity throughout diseased colon as well as changes in disease severity from IL22Fc treatment. Our findings with the 800CW dye and the NE probe highlight the ease of their implementation in preclinical IBD research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang Zhang
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Ruoqi Peng
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | | | | | - Marc A Wurbel
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
| | | | | | | | - Soumya Mitra
- AbbVie Bioresearch Center, Worcester, MA, 01605, USA
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12
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Bhatnagar S, Khera E, Liao J, Eniola V, Hu Y, Smith DE, Thurber GM. Oral and Subcutaneous Administration of a Near-Infrared Fluorescent Molecular Imaging Agent Detects Inflammation in a Mouse Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis. Sci Rep 2019; 9:4661. [PMID: 30858419 PMCID: PMC6411963 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-38548-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 12/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an inflammatory autoimmune disease that causes irreversible damage to the joints. However, effective drugs exist that can stop disease progression, leading to intense interest in early detection and treatment monitoring to improve patient outcomes. Imaging approaches have the potential for early detection, but current methods lack sensitivity and/or are time-consuming and expensive. We examined potential routes for self-administration of molecular imaging agents in the form of subcutaneous and oral delivery of an integrin binding near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent imaging agent in an animal model of RA with the long-term goal of increasing safety and patient compliance for screening. NIR imaging has relatively low cost, uses non-ionizing radiation, and provides minimally invasive spatial and molecular information. This proof-of-principle study shows significant uptake of an IRDye800CW agent in inflamed joints of a collagen antibody induced arthritis (CAIA) mouse model compared to healthy joints, irrespective of the method of administration. The imaging results were extrapolated to clinical depths in silico using a 3D COMSOL model of NIR fluorescence imaging in a human hand to examine imaging feasability. With target to background concentration ratios greater than 5.5, which are achieved in the mouse model, these probes have the potential to identify arthritic joints following oral delivery at clinically relevant depths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit Bhatnagar
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States
| | - Eshita Khera
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States
| | - Jianshan Liao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States
| | - Victoria Eniola
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States
| | - Yongjun Hu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States
| | - David E Smith
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States
| | - Greg M Thurber
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States.
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