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Neri L, Marziani B, Sebastiani P, Del Beato T, Colanardi A, Legge MP, Aureli A. Aggressiveness in Italian Children with ADHD: MAOA Gene Polymorphism Involvement. Diseases 2024; 12:70. [PMID: 38667528 PMCID: PMC11049508 DOI: 10.3390/diseases12040070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder that children and adults can develop. A complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors may underlie interindividual variability in ADHD and potentially related aggressive behavior. Using high-resolution molecular biology techniques, we investigated the impact of some MAOA and SLC6A4 variations on ADHD and aggressive behavior in a group of 80 Italian children with ADHD and in 80 healthy controls. We found that homozygous genotypes of MAOA rs6323 and rs1137070 were associated with an increased risk of ADHD (p = 0.02 and p = 0.03, respectively), whereas the heterozygous genotypes (GT of rs6323 and CT of rs1137030) (p = 0.0002 and p = 0.0006) were strongly linked to a lower risk of developing this disorder. In patients with aggressive behavior, we highlighted only a weak negative association of both MAOA polymorphisms (heterozygous genotypes) with aggressiveness, suggesting that these genotypes may be protective towards specific changes in behavior (p = 0.05). Interestingly, an increase in the GG genotype of rs6323 (p = 0.01) and a decrease in GT genotype (p = 0.0005) was also found in patients without aggressive behavior compared to controls. Regarding 5HTT gene genotyping, no allele and genotype differences have been detected among patients and controls. Our work shows that defining a genetic profile of ADHD may help in the early detection of patients who are more vulnerable to ADHD and/or antisocial and aggressive behavior and to design precision-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ludovico Neri
- Neurology and Psychiatry Unit for Children and Adolescents, San Salvatore Hospital, via L. Natali, 1, Coppito, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (L.N.); (M.P.L.)
| | - Beatrice Marziani
- Emergency Medicine Department, Sant’Anna University Hospital, Via A. Moro, 8, Cona, 44124 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Pierluigi Sebastiani
- CNR Institute of Translational Pharmacology, Via Carducci 32, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (P.S.); (T.D.B.); (A.C.)
| | - Tiziana Del Beato
- CNR Institute of Translational Pharmacology, Via Carducci 32, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (P.S.); (T.D.B.); (A.C.)
| | - Alessia Colanardi
- CNR Institute of Translational Pharmacology, Via Carducci 32, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (P.S.); (T.D.B.); (A.C.)
| | - Maria Pia Legge
- Neurology and Psychiatry Unit for Children and Adolescents, San Salvatore Hospital, via L. Natali, 1, Coppito, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (L.N.); (M.P.L.)
| | - Anna Aureli
- CNR Institute of Translational Pharmacology, Via Carducci 32, 67100 L’Aquila, Italy; (P.S.); (T.D.B.); (A.C.)
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Muratori P, Palumbo S, Vellucci S, Mariotti V, Billeci L, Levantini V, Inguaggiato E, Masi G, Milone A, Pellegrini S. Deficits in emotion recognition and processing in children with high callous-unemotional traits: the role of the MAOA gene. Eur Child Adolesc Psychiatry 2024:10.1007/s00787-024-02397-8. [PMID: 38507052 DOI: 10.1007/s00787-024-02397-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Children with high Callous-Unemotional (CU) traits show deficits in recognizing and processing facial expressions. Alterations in emotion recognition have been linked to a higher synaptic concentration of monoaminergic neurotransmitters. The current study investigated the relationship between the MAOA-Low-activity alleles and the ability to recognize and process facial expressions in 97 male children (8-12 years old) diagnosed with disruptive behavior disorder. Participants completed a computerized emotion-recognition task while an eye-tracking system recorded the number (Fixation Count, FC) and length (Fixation Duration, FD) of fixations to the eye region of the emotional stimuli. Children with high CU traits exhibited lower scores in recognition of sadness and anger, and lower FC and FD for sadness and fear than children with low CU traits. Children carrying the MAOA-Low-activity alleles displayed lower FD for sadness, and FD and FC for fear than those carrying the MAOA-High-activity alleles. These genetic effects appeared even stronger in children with CU traits. Moderation analysis revealed that CU traits were associated with lower FC and FD for fear, and lower FD for sadness, probably due to the MAOA-Low-activity alleles. Our findings, although to be replicated, suggest MAOA-Low-activity alleles as potential genetic biomarkers to identify CU children in need of training focused on emotion processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Muratori
- Scientific Institute of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Calambrone, Pisa, Italy
| | - Sara Palumbo
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Stefano Vellucci
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Veronica Mariotti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Lucia Billeci
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Pisa, Italy
| | - Valentina Levantini
- Scientific Institute of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Calambrone, Pisa, Italy
| | - Emanuela Inguaggiato
- Scientific Institute of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Calambrone, Pisa, Italy
| | - Gabriele Masi
- Scientific Institute of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Calambrone, Pisa, Italy
| | - Annarita Milone
- Scientific Institute of Child Neurology and Psychiatry, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, Calambrone, Pisa, Italy
| | - Silvia Pellegrini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Mikhailova SV, Ivanoshchuk DE, Orlov PS, Bairqdar A, Anisimenko MS, Denisova DV. Assessment of the Genetic Characteristics of a Generation Born during a Long-Term Socioeconomic Crisis. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:2064. [PMID: 38003007 PMCID: PMC10671057 DOI: 10.3390/genes14112064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A socioeconomic crisis in Russia lasted from 1991 to 1998 and was accompanied by a sharp drop in the birth rate. The main factor that influenced the refusal to have children during this period is thought to be prolonged social stress. METHODS comparing frequencies of common gene variants associated with stress-induced diseases among generations born before, after, and during this crisis may show which genes may be preferred under the pressure of natural selection during periods of increased social stress in urban populations. RESULTS In the "crisis" group, a statistically significant difference from the other two groups was found in rs6557168 frequency (p = 0.001); rs4522666 was not in the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in this group, although its frequency did not show a significant difference from the other groups (p = 0.118). Frequencies of VNTRs in SLC6A3 and MAOA as well as common variants rs17689918 in CRHR1, rs1360780 in FKBP5, rs53576 in OXTR, rs12720071 and rs806377 in CNR1, rs4311 in ACE, rs1800497 in ANKK1, and rs7412 and rs429358 in APOE did not differ among the groups. CONCLUSIONS a generation born during a period of prolonged destructive events may differ from the rest of the gene pool of the population in some variants associated with personality traits or stress-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana V. Mikhailova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), 10 Prospekt Ak. Lavrentyeva, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (D.E.I.); (P.S.O.); (A.B.); (M.S.A.)
| | - Dinara E. Ivanoshchuk
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), 10 Prospekt Ak. Lavrentyeva, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (D.E.I.); (P.S.O.); (A.B.); (M.S.A.)
| | - Pavel S. Orlov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), 10 Prospekt Ak. Lavrentyeva, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (D.E.I.); (P.S.O.); (A.B.); (M.S.A.)
| | - Ahmad Bairqdar
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), 10 Prospekt Ak. Lavrentyeva, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (D.E.I.); (P.S.O.); (A.B.); (M.S.A.)
| | - Maksim S. Anisimenko
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences (ICG SB RAS), 10 Prospekt Ak. Lavrentyeva, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia; (D.E.I.); (P.S.O.); (A.B.); (M.S.A.)
| | - Diana V. Denisova
- Institute of Internal and Preventive Medicine—Branch of ICG SB RAS, 175/1 Borisa Bogatkova Str., 630089 Novosibirsk, Russia
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Chen L, Xiong W, Qi L, He W. High monoamine oxidase a expression predicts poor prognosis for prostate cancer patients. BMC Urol 2023; 23:112. [PMID: 37403079 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-023-01285-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) is a mitochondrial enzyme that is involved in prostate tumorigenesis and cancer metastasis. The predictive power of the preoperative clinical and pathological indicators for prostate cancer(PC) remains to be improved. To enrich evidence regarding the value of MAOA as a prognostic biomarker in clinical practice, this study explored the significance of MAOA expression as a prognostic marker for patients with PC after radical prostatectomy-pelvic lymph node dissection (RP-PLND). METHODS MAOA expression was analyzed in 50 benign prostate tissues and 115 low-intermediate risk and 163 high-risk PC tissues using tissue immunohistochemistry (IHC). Propensity score matching, survival analysis and COX regression analysis were conducted to investigate the correlation between high MAOA expression and progression free survival (PFS) in PC patients. RESULTS MAOA expression was increased in PC patients, especially in those with high risk PC and pathological lymph node (pLN) metastasis. High MAOA expression was significantly associated with PSA recurrence for both low-intermediate risk PC patients (log-rank test: P = 0.02) and high risk PC patients (log-rank test: P = 0.03). Cox regression analysis revealed that high MAOA expression was an adverse prognostic factor for both low-intermediate risk PC patients (hazard ratio [HR] 2.74, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.26-5.92; P = 0.011) and high risk PC patients (HR 1.73, 95% CI 1.11-2.71; P = 0.016). High MAOA expression was also significantly associated with PSA recurrence in high risk PC patients developed into castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) and were receiving abiraterone therapy (log-rank: P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS MAOA expression correlates with the malignant progression of PC. High MAOA expression may be a poor prognostic marker for patients with PC after RP-PLND. More careful follow up or potential of adjuvant hormonal therapy may be addressed for patients with high MAOA expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxiao Chen
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Qi
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei He
- Department of Urology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, No. 87 Xiangya Road, Changsha, Hunan Province, 410008, People's Republic of China.
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Serra V, Aroni S, Bortolato M, Frau R, Melis M. Endocannabinoid-dependent decrease of GABAergic transmission on dopaminergic neurons is associated with susceptibility to cocaine stimulant effects in pre-adolescent male MAOA hypomorphic mice exposed to early life stress. Neuropharmacology 2023; 233:109548. [PMID: 37080337 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2023.109548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Vulnerability to cocaine use disorder depends upon a combination of genetic and environmental risk factors. While early life adversity is a critical environmental vulnerability factor for drug misuse, allelic variants of the monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) gene have been shown to moderate its influence on the risk of drug-related problems. However, data on the interactions between MAOA variants and early life stress (ES) with respect to predisposition to cocaine abuse are limited. Here, we show that a mouse model capturing the interaction of genetic (low-activity alleles of the Maoa gene; MAOANeo) and environmental (i.e., ES) vulnerability factors displays an increased sensitivity to repeated in vivo cocaine psychomotor stimulant actions associated with a reduction of GABAA receptor-mediated inhibition of dopamine neurons of the ventral tegmental area (VTA). Depolarization-induced suppression of inhibition (DSI), a 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2AG)-dependent form of short-term plasticity, also becomes readily expressed by dopamine neurons from male MAOANeo ES mice repeatedly treated with cocaine. The activation of either dopamine D2 or CB1 receptors contributes to cocaine-induced DSI expression, decreased GABA synaptic efficacy, and hyperlocomotion. Next, in vivo pharmacological enhancement of 2AG signaling during repeated cocaine exposure occludes its actions both in vivo and ex vivo. This data extends our knowledge of the multifaceted sequelae imposed by this gene-environment interaction in VTA dopamine neurons of male pre-adolescent mice and contributes to our understanding of neural mechanisms of vulnerability for early onset cocaine use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Serra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, 09042, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Sonia Aroni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, 09042, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Marco Bortolato
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, 84112, USA
| | - Roberto Frau
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, 09042, Monserrato, Italy
| | - Miriam Melis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Division of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, 09042, Monserrato, Italy.
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Wessels SH, Macaulay S, Norris SA, Richter LM, May AK. Maternal Education Potentially Moderates the MAOA uVNTR Effects on Externalizing Behavior in Black South African Children. J Genet Psychol 2023; 184:117-132. [PMID: 36259534 DOI: 10.1080/00221325.2022.2134756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Interactions between the MAOA uVNTR and rearing environment are suggested to influence the developmental manifestations of childhood internalizing and externalizing behavior. However, few studies in the MAOA literature have included continental African children, or focused on non-clinical samples. We explored the main and interactive effects of the MAOA uVNTR (high and low activity alleles) in Black South African male (n = 478) and female (n = 540) children who were part of the longitudinal Birth to Twenty Plus cohort. Historical data on birth weight, gestational age at delivery, socioeconomic status, and maternal education were combined with genotypic information and analyzed using regression modeling. We found no significant main effects for the MAOA uVNTR on childhood behavior in either sex. A significant interaction (p = .04) was identified between MAOA and maternal education, suggesting that externalizing behavior in boys carrying a low activity MAOA allele varied in direct proportion to the education levels of their mothers. However, the model fit failed to reach significance, possibly due to our inclusion of only non-clinical pre-pubertal males. No significant interactions were detected for female children. Our findings lend tentative credibility to the Environmental Sensitivity metaframework, which suggests that MAOA is an important plasticity factor in childhood development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan H Wessels
- Division of Human Genetics, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand and the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Shelley Macaulay
- Division of Human Genetics, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand and the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Shane A Norris
- Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
- The DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence in Human Development, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Linda M Richter
- The DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence in Human Development, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Andrew K May
- Division of Human Genetics, School of Pathology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand and the National Health Laboratory Service, Johannesburg, South Africa
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Focardi M, Gualco B, Pinchi V, Gian-Aristide N, Rensi R, Pelo E, Carboni I, Ricci U. Genetic analysis of suicide: a sample study in Tuscany (Central Italy). Forensic Sci Res 2023; 7:790-797. [PMID: 36817247 PMCID: PMC9930793 DOI: 10.1080/20961790.2020.1835156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies have examined the genetic contribution to suicide. However, data on suicide in the Italian population are scarce. We therefore aimed to address this gap by investigating a cohort of 111 Italians for whom a verdict of suicide had been declared in court in Florence, Italy between 2007 and 2017. This cohort included 86 men and 25 women. DNA samples were obtained from tissues or blood, and 22 genes from multiple neurobiological pathways previously shown to be associated with the pathogenesis of suicide were analysed. Next-generation sequencing was used to compare these gene sequences with those from a large, normal population. In this study, we identified 19 gene variants that were present at significantly lower frequencies in our Italian cohort than in the general population. In addition, four missense mutations were identified in four different genes: Monoamine Oxidase A (MAOA), 5-Hydroxytryptamine Receptor 2 A (HTR2A), Sodium Voltage-Gated Channel Alpha Subunit 8 (SCN8A), and Nitric Oxide Synthase 3 (NOS3). Our study identified several potential genetic links with suicide in a cohort of Italians and supports a relationship between specific genetic variants and suicidal behaviour in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martina Focardi
- Division of Genetic Diagnostics, University Hospital “Careggi”, Florence, Italy
| | - Barbara Gualco
- Division of Genetic Diagnostics, University Hospital “Careggi”, Florence, Italy
| | - Vilma Pinchi
- Division of Genetic Diagnostics, University Hospital “Careggi”, Florence, Italy
| | | | - Regina Rensi
- Division of Genetic Diagnostics, University Hospital “Careggi”, Florence, Italy,CONTACT Regina Rensi
| | - Elisabetta Pelo
- Division of Genetic Diagnostics, University Hospital “Careggi”, Florence, Italy
| | - Ilaria Carboni
- Division of Genetic Diagnostics, University Hospital “Careggi”, Florence, Italy
| | - Ugo Ricci
- Division of Genetic Diagnostics, University Hospital “Careggi”, Florence, Italy
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8
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Ermakov PN, Vorobyeva EV, Denisova EG, Yavna DV, Babenko VV, Kovsh EM, Alekseeva DS. Recognition of Emotional and Neutral Visual Scenes in Carriers of the MAOA, COMT, DRD4, and 5HT2A Gene Polymorphisms. Psychol Russ 2023; 15:159-169. [PMID: 36761718 PMCID: PMC9903230 DOI: 10.11621/pir.2022.0410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background It is known that some genes regulate neurochemical metabolism, and their polymorphisms affect cognitive performance, including the ability to categorize emotionally significant information. Objective The aim of our study was to analyze the recognition of emotional and neutral visual scenes in carriers of different polymorphic variants of the MAOA, COMT, DRD4, and 5HT2A genes. Design The study sample consisted of 87 university students (Caucasians, women 63%, average age 20.4±2.6 years). The genotypes of the COMT, 5HT2A, and DRD4 genes were determined by polymerase chain reaction. Agarose gel electrophoresis was used to determine the number of tandem repeats of the MAOA gene. Three hundred sixty (360) photographic images of scenes of different emotional valence (positive, negative, and neutral - 120 images for each category) were used as stimuli. These images were classified by expert assessments. The images were presented in a random sequence. The exposure time was 700 ms. The research participants were asked to determine the emotional valence of each scene. Results We found that only the COMT gene genotype affected the recognition of emotional and neutral visual scenes. Carriers of the COMT Val/Val genotype, which causes dopamine to stay in the synaptic space for a shorter time, are better in recognizing and demonstrate higher sensitivity to the emotional content of scenes. Carriers of the Val/Met genotype demonstrated the worst ability to differentiate the emotional valence of visual scenes. Conclusion This study has shown that the length of stay of monoamines in the synaptic space regulated by the COMT gene affects the recognition of emotional visual information.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ekaterina G. Denisova
- Don State Technical University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia,* Corresponding author. E-mail:
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Manco L, Machado-Rodrigues AM, Padez C. Association study of common functional genetic polymorphisms in SLC6A4 (5-HTT) and MAOA genes with obesity in portuguese children. Arch Physiol Biochem 2022; 128:1510-1515. [PMID: 32551914 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2020.1779312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the association of polymorphisms in SLC6A4 and MAOA genes with obesity indices in children. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 637 Portuguese children (317 girls; 320 boys) aged 3-11 years-old were genotyped for the SLC6A4 polymorphisms, 5-HTTLPR and STin2, and for a MAOA VNTR. Polymorphisms were analysed by PCR-based methods. RESULTS Although non-significant (p = .089), our study revealed the Stin2 10 minor allele with a marked higher frequency in girls with overweight/obesity (0.466) in comparison with controls (0.376). Combining the two SLC6A4 polymorphisms, haplotype S/12 revealed in girls significant or nominally significant protective effects against BMI (β = -0.615; p = .009), BMI Z-score (β = -0.251; p = .006), WC (β = -1.4; p = .02) and WHtR (β = -0.008; p = .04). CONCLUSIONS We found some evidences for the role of SLC6A4 gene in measures of childhood obesity, mainly in girls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Licínio Manco
- Research Centre for Anthropology and Health (CIAS), Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Aristides M Machado-Rodrigues
- Research Centre for Anthropology and Health (CIAS), Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- High School of Education, Polytechnic Institute of Viseu, Viseu, Portugal
| | - Cristina Padez
- Research Centre for Anthropology and Health (CIAS), Department of Life Sciences, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Carvalho MRS, Barbosa de Carvalho AH, Paiva GM, Andrade Jorge CDC, Dos Santos FC, Koltermann G, de Salles JF, Moeller K, Maia de Oliveira Wood G, Haase VG. MAOA-LPR polymorphism and math anxiety: A marker of genetic susceptibility to social influences in girls? Ann N Y Acad Sci 2022; 1516:135-150. [PMID: 35765118 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.14814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Math anxiety (MA) seems to result from an interaction of genetic vulnerability with negative experiences learning mathematics. Although mathematics achievement does not substantially differ between the sexes, MA levels are usually higher in girls. Molecular genetic markers of MA vulnerability have been seldom explored. This article examines the contribution of the monoamine oxidase A gene (MAOA) to MA and to sex differences in MA. Five hundred and sixty-eight third to fifth graders were genotyped for the MAOA-LPR polymorphism (a repetitive element in MAOA promoter that has been associated with MAOA enzymatic activity), and assessed on general cognitive ability, mathematics achievement, and the cognitive and affective dimensions of MA. MAOA-LPR genotypes were classified as high (MAOA-H) or low (MAOA-L) according to their predicted enzymatic activity. Mixed models controlling for effects of school, sex, general cognitive ability, and mathematics achievement were evaluated. The best fitting model included school, math achievement, sex, MAOA-LPR, and the MAOA-LPR by sex interaction. This indicated that under the MAOA-H dominant model, anxiety toward mathematics interacted with the MAOA genotype: girls with an MAOA-L genotype exhibited higher levels of MA, with a small but significant effect. The association between MAOA-L genotype and MA in girls may represent an example of developmental plasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Raquel Santos Carvalho
- Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-graduação em Genética, Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - André Henrique Barbosa de Carvalho
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Genética, Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Giulia Moreira Paiva
- Programa de Pós graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Carolina de Castro Andrade Jorge
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Genética, Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Caroline Dos Santos
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Genética, Departamento de Genética, Ecologia e Evolução, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - Gabriella Koltermann
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Psicologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Jerusa Fumagalli de Salles
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Psicologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Departamento de Psicologia do Desenvolvimento e da Personalidade, Instituto de Psicologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Korbinian Moeller
- Centre for Mathematical Cognition, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK.,Leibniz-Institut fuer Wissensmedien, Tuebingen, Germany.,LEAD Graduate School & Research Network, University of Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.,Individual Differences and Adaptive Education Centre, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | - Vitor Geraldi Haase
- Programa de Pós graduação em Neurociências, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Departamento de Psicologia, Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-graduação em Psicologia: Cognição e Comportamento, Faculdade de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
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11
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Omarmeli V, Sharafshah A, Albonaim A, Keshavarz P. A study on methylation of two CpG islands of MAOA gene promoter among opium-addicted males undergoing methadone treatment. Nucleosides Nucleotides Nucleic Acids 2022; 41:841-850. [PMID: 35759647 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2022.2085291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2018] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The association between methylation of MAOA gene promoter and alcohol and nicotine dependence has been demonstrated in women but not in men yet. Antisocial personality disorder (ASPD) and substance use disorders (SUD) are two types of disorders that could highly be influenced by methylation-induced changes in MAOA function. The aim of the current study is to investigate the effect of opioid addiction on methylation of MAOA gene promoter in males. DNA was extracted from the whole blood of all samples (29 opium-addicted individuals undergoing methadone treatment and 28 healthy people) according to the extraction protocol, followed by treating these samples with bisulfite kits. The investigated region including two CpG islands in the promoter region of MAOA gene contained 35 CpG dinucleotides investigated through Sanger sequencing method. The frequency of methylation at two CpG islands of MAOA gene promoter regions was equal to zero among addicted individuals undergoing methadone treatment and healthy peoples. Then, comparing methylation levels among the study group is not applicable. In conclusion, there was no association between opium addiction and methylation of the MAOA promoter regions in opium-addicted male undergoing methadone treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Omarmeli
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Alireza Sharafshah
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Ali Albonaim
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
| | - Parvaneh Keshavarz
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Rasht, Iran
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12
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Li M, Peng Z, Wang X, Wang Y. Monoamine oxidase A attenuates chondrocyte loss and extracellular matrix degradation in osteoarthritis by inducing autophagy. Int Immunopharmacol 2022; 109:108772. [PMID: 35461155 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.108772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent degenerative joint disorder characterized by cartilage destruction and extracellular matrix (ECM) degeneration. Here, we studied the potential function of monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) in OA pathogenesis. METHODS Cartilage tissue samples were collected from 33 patients with knee OA and nine normal healthy controls. Sprague-Dawley rats with anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) and primary chondrocytes treated with interleukin (IL)-1β were used as OA animal and cell models, respectively. The effects of adenovirus-mediated MAOA overexpression in OA models were studied using Safranin-O staining, immunohistochemistry, CCK-8 assay, EdU assay, flow cytometry, qRT-PCR, western blotting, and immunofluorescence. RESULTS MAOA was identified as an overlapping downregulating gene in the GSE82107, GSE1919, GSE169077, and GSE29746 datasets. MAOA expression was negatively correlated with OA severity. MAOA downregulation was confirmed in ACLT rats and IL-1β-treated chondrocytes. Notably, MAOA overexpression significantly inhibited ACLT-induced OA pathogenesis in rats, as was evidenced by the reduced Osteoarthritis Research Society International (OARSI) score and serum crosslinked C-telopeptides of type II collagen (CTX-II) and cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) levels. These findings show that MAOA overexpression inhibits extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation and promotes ACLT-induced autophagy. The effects of MAOA on ECM degradation and autophagy were also confirmed in IL-1β-treated primary chondrocytes. Additionally, MAOA protects chondrocytes against IL-1β-induced apoptosis. Furthermore, treating chondrocytes with 3-MA significantly attenuated the protective effects of MAOA. CONCLUSION MAOA was identified as a downregulated gene in OA. Restoring MAOA expression protects against chondrocyte loss and ECM degradation through autophagy regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Zhibin Peng
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150070, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Xiaokun Wang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150086, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Yansong Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150070, Heilongjiang, PR China.
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13
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Decano JL, Iwamoto Y, Goto S, Lee JY, Matamalas JT, Halu A, Blaser M, Lee LH, Pieper B, Chelvanambi S, Silva-Nicolau J, Bartoli-Leonard F, Higashi H, Shibata H, Vyas P, Wang J, Gostjeva E, Body SC, Singh SA, Aikawa M, Aikawa E. A disease-driver population within interstitial cells of human calcific aortic valves identified via single-cell and proteomic profiling. Cell Rep 2022; 39:110685. [PMID: 35417712 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Cellular heterogeneity of aortic valves complicates the mechanistic evaluation of the calcification processes in calcific aortic valve disease (CAVD), and animal disease models are lacking. In this study, we identify a disease-driver population (DDP) within valvular interstitial cells (VICs). Through stepwise single-cell analysis, phenotype-guided omic profiling, and network-based analysis, we characterize the DDP fingerprint as CD44highCD29+CD59+CD73+CD45low and discover potential key regulators of human CAVD. These DDP-VICs demonstrate multi-lineage differentiation and osteogenic properties. Temporal proteomic profiling of DDP-VICs identifies potential targets for therapy, including MAOA and CTHRC1. In vitro loss-of-function experiments confirm our targets. Such a stepwise strategy may be advantageous for therapeutic target discovery in other disease contexts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julius L Decano
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Yukio Iwamoto
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Shinji Goto
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Janey Y Lee
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Joan T Matamalas
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Arda Halu
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Mark Blaser
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Lang Ho Lee
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Brett Pieper
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Sarvesh Chelvanambi
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jessica Silva-Nicolau
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Francesca Bartoli-Leonard
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Hideyuki Higashi
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Haruki Shibata
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Payal Vyas
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jianguo Wang
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Elena Gostjeva
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Simon C Body
- Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA
| | - Sasha A Singh
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Masanori Aikawa
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Excellence in Vascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Elena Aikawa
- Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Interdisciplinary Cardiovascular Sciences, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Cardiovascular Medicine, Center for Excellence in Vascular Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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14
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Grossheinrich N, Schaeffer J, Firk C, Eggermann T, Huestegge L, Konrad K. Childhood adversity and approach/avoidance-related behaviour in boys. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2022. [PMID: 35275248 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-022-02481-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Childhood adversity has been suggested to affect the vulnerability for developmental psychopathology, including both externalizing and internalizing symptoms. This study examines spontaneous attention biases for negative and positive emotional facial expressions as potential intermediate phenotypes. In detail, typically developing boys (6-13 years) underwent an eye-tracking paradigm displaying happy, angry, sad and fearful faces. An approach bias towards positive emotional facial expressions with increasing childhood adversity levels was found. In addition, an attention bias away from negative facial expressions was observed with increasing childhood adversity levels, especially for sad facial expressions. The results might be interpreted in terms of emotional regulation strategies in boys at risk for reactive aggression and depressive behaviour.
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15
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Bengesser SA, Hohenberger H, Tropper B, Dalkner N, Birner A, Fellendorf FT, Platzer M, Rieger A, Maget A, Hamm C, Queissner R, Pilz R, Bauer K, Lenger M, Mörkl S, Wagner-Skacel J, Kapfhammer HP, Meier-Allard N, Stracke A, Holasek SJ, Murphy L, Reininghaus EZ. Gene expression analysis of MAOA and the clock gene ARNTL in individuals with bipolar disorder compared to healthy controls. World J Biol Psychiatry 2022; 23:287-294. [PMID: 34468263 DOI: 10.1080/15622975.2021.1973816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Circadian rhythms are associated with bipolar disorder (BD). This cross-sectional study aimed at investigating ARNTL and MAOA gene expression differences (1) between individuals with BD and controls, (2) between affective episodes, and (3) the relationship between ARNTL and MAOA expression. METHODS ARNTL and MAOA gene expression in peripheral mononuclear blood cells were analysed from fasting blood samples (BD n = 81, controls n = 54) with quantitative real-time PCR operating on TaqMan® assays (normalised to 18S RNA expression). ANCOVAs corrected for age, sex, body mass index, and medication was used to evaluate expression differences and correlation analyses for the relation between ARNTL and MAOA expression. RESULTS ARNTL gene expression differed between affective episodes (F(2,78) = 3.198, p = 0.047, Partial Eta2= 0.083), but not between BD and controls (n.s.). ARNTL and MAOA expression correlated positively in BD (r = 0.704, p < 0.001) and in controls (r = 0.932, p < 0.001). MAOA expression differed neither between BD and controls nor between affective episodes (n.s.). DISCUSSION Clock gene expression changes were observed in different affective states of BD. More precisely, ARNTL gene expression was significantly higher in euthymia than in depression. ARNTL and MAOA gene expression correlated significantly in BD and in controls, which emphasises the strong concatenation between circadian rhythms and neurotransmitter breakdown.
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Affiliation(s)
- S A Bengesser
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - H Hohenberger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - B Tropper
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - N Dalkner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - A Birner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - F T Fellendorf
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - M Platzer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - A Rieger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - A Maget
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - C Hamm
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - R Queissner
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - R Pilz
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - K Bauer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - M Lenger
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - S Mörkl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - J Wagner-Skacel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - H P Kapfhammer
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - N Meier-Allard
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Chair of Pathophysiology and Immunology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - A Stracke
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Chair of Pathophysiology and Immunology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - S J Holasek
- Otto Loewi Research Center, Chair of Pathophysiology and Immunology, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - L Murphy
- CAMH Pharmacogenetic Research Clinic, Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, Toronto, Canada
| | - E Z Reininghaus
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapeutic Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
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16
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Dai Y, Zhang C, Zhang L, Wen C, Zhu T. The modulation of mRNA levels of MAOA by electroacupuncture and psychotherapy in patients with pathological internet use. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:918729. [PMID: 36032227 PMCID: PMC9403867 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.918729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to observe the efficacy of electroacupuncture (EA) and psychotherapy (PT) effect on the mental status, sleep quality and impulsive trait in patients with pathological internet use, and to observe the changes of Monoamine oxidase type A (MAOA) messenger Ribonucleic acid (mRNA) levels in each group. METHODS A total of 60 PIU patients were included for the present study. These patients were randomly divided into two groups: EA group and PT group. Baihui, Sishencong, Hegu, Neiguan, Shenmen, Taichong, Sanyinjiao and Xuanzhong were selected for acupuncture in the EA group, while group psychotherapy combined with individual psychotherapy was used for intervention in patients in the PT group. Young's Internet addiction Test (IAT), Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS), Barratt Impulse Scale (BIS-11) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) were used to observe the severity of Internet addiction, mental status, sleep quality and impulsive trait of all patients at baseline and 40th days of treatment; and MAOA mRNA data were collected at baseline and 40th days of treatment. RESULTS Electroacupuncture and psychological intervention effectively reduced IAT, SAS, SDS, Y-BOCS, BIS and PSQI scores of PIU patients. After 40 days treatment, the MAOA expression of the PT group was increased, and there was no significant change in EA group. The correlation analysis indicated that IAT scores were positively correlated with SAS, SDS, Y-BOCS, BIS and PSQI at baseline. In addition, after treatment the EA group showed that the change in IAT scores was positively correlated with the change in Y-BOCS and BIS scores, and the PT group showed that the change in IAT scores was positively correlated with the change in SDS, BIS and PSQI scores. CONCLUSION The present study showed that electroacupuncture and psychological intervention can improve severity of Internet addiction, mental status, sleep quality and impulsive trait of PIU patients. Simultaneously, neurobiological changes may be the underlying mechanisms of psychotherapy for internet additcion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Dai
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu Eighth People's Hospital (Geriatric Hospital of Chengdu Medical College), Chengdu, China.,College of Rehabilitation and Health Preservation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chenchen Zhang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Longquanyi District, Chengdu, China
| | - Lingrui Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Leshan Vocational and Technical College, Leshan, China
| | - Chao Wen
- College of Rehabilitation and Health Preservation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Tianmin Zhu
- College of Rehabilitation and Health Preservation, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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17
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van Rhijn JR, Shi Y, Bormann M, Mossink B, Frega M, Recaioglu H, Hakobjan M, Klein Gunnewiek T, Schoenmaker C, Palmer E, Faivre L, Kittel-Schneider S, Schubert D, Brunner H, Franke B, Nadif Kasri N. Brunner syndrome associated MAOA mutations result in NMDAR hyperfunction and increased network activity in human dopaminergic neurons. Neurobiol Dis 2021; 163:105587. [PMID: 34923109 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2021.105587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Revised: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Monoamine neurotransmitter abundance affects motor control, emotion, and cognitive function and is regulated by monoamine oxidases. Among these, Monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) catalyzes the degradation of dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin into their inactive metabolites. Loss-of-function mutations in the X-linked MAOA gene have been associated with Brunner syndrome, which is characterized by various forms of impulsivity, maladaptive externalizing behavior, and mild intellectual disability. Impaired MAOA activity in individuals with Brunner syndrome results in bioamine aberration, but it is currently unknown how this affects neuronal function, specifically in dopaminergic (DA) neurons. Here we generated human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived DA neurons from three individuals with Brunner syndrome carrying different mutations and characterized neuronal properties at the single cell and neuronal network level in vitro. DA neurons of Brunner syndrome patients showed reduced synaptic density but exhibited hyperactive network activity. Intrinsic functional properties and α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR)-mediated synaptic transmission were not affected in DA neurons of individuals with Brunner syndrome. Instead, we show that the neuronal network hyperactivity is mediated by upregulation of the GRIN2A and GRIN2B subunits of the N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR), resulting in increased NMDAR-mediated currents. By correcting a MAOA missense mutation with CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing we normalized GRIN2A and GRIN2B expression, NMDAR function and neuronal population activity to control levels. Our data suggest that MAOA mutations in Brunner syndrome increase the activity of dopaminergic neurons through upregulation of NMDAR function, which may contribute to the etiology of Brunner syndrome associated phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon-Ruben van Rhijn
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Yan Shi
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Maren Bormann
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Britt Mossink
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Monica Frega
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical neurophysiology, University of Twente, 7522 NB Enschede, Netherlands
| | - Hatice Recaioglu
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Marina Hakobjan
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Teun Klein Gunnewiek
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Anatomy, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Chantal Schoenmaker
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Elizabeth Palmer
- Genetics of Learning Disability Service, Hunter Genetics, Waratah, NSW, Australia; School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - Laurence Faivre
- Centre de Référence Anomalies du développement et Syndromes malformatifs and FHU TRANSLAD, Hôpital d'Enfants, Dijon, France; INSERM UMR1231 GAD, Faculté de Médecine, Université de Bourgogne, Dijon, France
| | - Sarah Kittel-Schneider
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Germany; Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Dirk Schubert
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Han Brunner
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Clinical Genetics, MUMC+, GROW School of Oncology and Developmental Biology, and MHeNS School of Neuroscience and Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Barbara Franke
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Psychiatry, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Nael Nadif Kasri
- Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands; Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behavior, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
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18
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Hollerbach P, Olderbak S, Wilhelm O, Montag C, Jung S, Neumann CS, Habermeyer E, Mokros A. Associations of the MAOA uVNTR genotype and 5-HTTLPR/rs25531 haplotype with psychopathic traits. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2021; 131:105275. [PMID: 34102427 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2021.105275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have linked polymorphisms of the monoamine oxidase A (MAOA uVNTR) and serotonin transporter gene (5-HTTLPR) to individual differences in the expression of psychopathic traits, but findings remain inconsistent. One possible reason is that these studies have treated psychopathy as a unitary construct when there is accumulating evidence that there are variants or subtypes. We used a variable-centered and a person-centered approach by (a) examining putative genetic correlates of psychopathy across individuals and (b) comparing the frequencies of the MAOA uVNTR genotype and 5-HTTLPR/rs25531 haplotype between empirically derived subtypes of psychopathy, respectively. Notably, we included the often neglected rs25531 polymorphism, which is closely connected to the 5-HTTLPR. Based on data from male offenders and community volunteers, structural equation modeling indicated that the 5-HTTLPR/rs25531 haplotype was specifically associated with interpersonal deficits beyond the overarching psychopathy construct. Latent profile analysis revealed four clusters that were labeled non-psychopaths, sociopaths, callous-conning, and psychopaths. The low-activity variant of the 5-HTTLPR/rs25531 haplotype was significantly more frequent in the callous-conning compared to the non-psychopathic subtype. There were no effects for the MAOA uVNTR. The results illustrate that psychopathy should not be treated as a unitary construct but that there are variants with specific profiles of psychopathic traits, and that the 5-HTTLPR/rs25531 haplotype plays a role in the manifestation of interpersonal deficits from a variable-centered as well as from a person-centered view.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Hollerbach
- Institute for Sex Research, Sexual Medicine & Forensic Psychiatry, Center for Psychosocial Medicine, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany; Department of Forensic Psychiatry, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Sally Olderbak
- Ulm University, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm, Germany.
| | - Oliver Wilhelm
- Ulm University, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm, Germany.
| | - Christian Montag
- Ulm University, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm, Germany; The Clinical Hospital of Chengdu Brain Science Institute, MOE Key Laboratory for Neuroinformation, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, School of Life Science and Technology, Chengdu, China.
| | - Sonja Jung
- Ulm University, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm, Germany.
| | - Craig S Neumann
- Department of Psychology, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA.
| | - Elmar Habermeyer
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Andreas Mokros
- Department of Psychology, FernUniversität in Hagen (University of Hagen), Hagen, Germany.
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19
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Lee RS, Song SQ, Garrison-Desany HM, Carey JL, Lasutschinkow P, Zabel A, Bressler J, Gropman A, Samango-Sprouse C. DNA methylation and behavioral dysfunction in males with 47,XXY and 49,XXXXY: a pilot study. Clin Epigenetics 2021; 13:136. [PMID: 34210361 PMCID: PMC8252231 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-021-01123-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Equal dosage of X-linked genes between males and females is maintained by the X-inactivation of the second X chromosome in females through epigenetic mechanisms. Boys with aneuploidy of the X chromosome exhibit a host of symptoms such as low fertility, musculoskeletal anomalies, and cognitive and behavioral deficits that are presumed to be caused by the abnormal dosage of these genes. The objective of this pilot study is to assess the relationship between CpG methylation, an epigenetic modification, at several genes on the X chromosome and behavioral dysfunction in boys with supernumerary X chromosomes. Results Two parental questionnaires, the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF) and Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL), were analyzed, and they showed expected differences in both internal and external behaviors between neurotypical (46,XY) boys and boys with 49,XXXXY. There were several CpGs in AR and MAOA of boys with 49,XXXXY whose methylation levels were skewed from levels predicted from having one active (Xa) and three inactive (Xi) X chromosomes. Further, methylation levels of multiple CpGs in MAOA showed nominally significant association with externalizing behavior on the CBCL, and the methylation level of one CpG in AR showed nominally significant association with the BRIEF Regulation Index. Conclusions Boys with 49,XXXXY displayed higher levels of CpG methylation at regulatory intronic regions in X-linked genes encoding the androgen receptor (AR) and monoamine oxidase A (MAOA), compared to that in boys with 47,XXY and neurotypical boys. Our pilot study results suggest a link between CpG methylation levels and behavior in boys with 49,XXXXY. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13148-021-01123-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard S Lee
- The Mood Disorders Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Sophia Q Song
- Department of Research, The Focus Foundation, Davidsonville, MD, USA
| | - Henri M Garrison-Desany
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Jenny L Carey
- The Mood Disorders Center, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | | | | | - Andrea Gropman
- Department of Neurology, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.,Division of Neurogenetics and Developmental Pediatrics, Children's National Health System, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Carole Samango-Sprouse
- Department of Research, The Focus Foundation, Davidsonville, MD, USA. .,Department of Pediatrics, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA. .,Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.
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20
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Sanfilippo C, Castrogiovanni P, Imbesi R, Lazzarino G, Di Pietro V, Li Volti G, Tibullo D, Barbagallo I, Lazzarino G, Avola R, Musumeci G, Fazio F, Vinciguerra M, Di Rosa M. Sex-dependent monoamine oxidase isoforms expression patterns during human brain ageing. Mech Ageing Dev 2021; 197:111516. [PMID: 34097937 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2021.111516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Human behavior is influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) is among the most investigated genetic determinants of violent behaviors, while the monoamine oxidase B (MAOB) is explored in Parkinson's disease. We collected twenty-four post-mortem brain tissue datasets of 3871 and 1820 non-demented males and females, respectively, who died from causes not attributable to neurodegenerative diseases. The gene expressions of MAOA and MAOB (MAO genes) were analyzed in these subjects, who were further stratified according to age into eleven groups ranging from late Infancy (5-9 months) to centenarians (>100 years). MAO genes were differently expressed in brains during the entire life span. In particular, maximal and minimal expression levels were found in early life and around the teen years. Females tended to have higher MAO gene levels throughout their lives than those found in age-matched males, even when expressions were separately measured in different brain regions. We demonstrated the existence of age- and sex- related variations in the MAO transcript levels in defined brain regions. More in-depth protein studies are needed to confirm our preliminary results obtained only on messenger RNAs in order to establish the role played by MAO genes in human development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Sanfilippo
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino Pulejo, Strada Statale 113, C.da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Paola Castrogiovanni
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Anatomy, Histology and Movement Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Italy
| | - Rosa Imbesi
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Anatomy, Histology and Movement Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Lazzarino
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Valentina Di Pietro
- Neurotrauma and Ophthalmology Research Group, Institute of Inflammation and Aging, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK
| | - Giovanni Li Volti
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Daniele Tibullo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Ignazio Barbagallo
- Section of Biochemistry, Department of Drug Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Giacomo Lazzarino
- UniCamillus - Saint Camillus International University of Health Sciences, Via di Sant'Alessandro 8, 00131, Rome, Italy
| | - Roberto Avola
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Musumeci
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Anatomy, Histology and Movement Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Italy
| | - Francesco Fazio
- University of California San Diego, Department of Psychiatry, Health Science, San Diego La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Manlio Vinciguerra
- International Clinical Research Center (FNUSA-ICRC), St' Anne University Hospital, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Michelino Di Rosa
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, Section of Anatomy, Histology and Movement Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Catania, Italy.
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21
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Jia C, Cheng C, Li T, Chen X, Yang Y, Liu X, Li S, Le W. α-Synuclein Up-regulates Monoamine Oxidase A Expression and Activity via Trans-Acting Transcription Factor 1. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:653379. [PMID: 33815093 PMCID: PMC8010665 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.653379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Abnormal α-Synuclein (α-SYN) aggregates are the pathological hallmarks of Parkinson’s disease (PD), which may affect dopamine (DA) neuron function and DA metabolism. Monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) is an enzyme located on the outer mitochondrial membrane that catalyzes the oxidative deamination of DA. Both α-SYN and MAOA are associated with PD pathogenesis, suggesting possible crosstalk between these two molecules. In the present study, we aimed to investigate the potential impacts of α-SYN on MAOA function and further explore the underlying mechanisms. Our study showed that overexpression of α-SYN [both wild-type (WT) and A53T] increased MAOA function via upregulating its expression without impacting MAOA stability. Overexpression of α-SYNWT or α-SYNA53T enhanced the transcription activity of the MAOA promoter region containing the binding sites of cell division cycle associated 7 like (R1, a transcriptional repressor of MAOA) and trans-acting transcription factor 1 (Sp1, a transcription factor of MAOA). Interestingly, α-SYN selectively increased Sp1 expression, thereby enhancing the binding capacity of Sp1 with MAOA promoter to increase MAOA expression. Taken together, our findings demonstrate that α-SYN can upregulate MAOA expression via modulation of Sp1 and may shed light on future studies of α-SYN associated PD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Congcong Jia
- Center for Clinical Research on Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Research on the Pathogenic Mechanisms of Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- Center for Clinical Research on Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Research on the Pathogenic Mechanisms of Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Tianbai Li
- Center for Clinical Research on Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Research on the Pathogenic Mechanisms of Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Center for Clinical Research on Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Research on the Pathogenic Mechanisms of Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yuting Yang
- Center for Clinical Research on Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Research on the Pathogenic Mechanisms of Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xinyao Liu
- Center for Clinical Research on Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Research on the Pathogenic Mechanisms of Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Song Li
- Center for Clinical Research on Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Research on the Pathogenic Mechanisms of Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Weidong Le
- Center for Clinical Research on Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Research on the Pathogenic Mechanisms of Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Department and Institute of Neurology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, Sichuan Provincial Hospital, Chengdu, China
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22
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Irwin RW, Escobedo AR, Shih JC. Near-Infrared Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor Biodistribution in a Glioma Mouse Model. Pharm Res 2021; 38:461-471. [PMID: 33709330 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-021-03012-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The biodistribution imaging kinetics of near-infrared monoamine oxidase inhibitor (NMI) are reported here. METHODS NMI was administered intravenously or orally to mice and detected by NIR fluorescence optical imaging within minutes and the longitudinal signal distribution was measured for up to 1 week after a single dose. RESULTS NMI rapidly reached 3.7-fold higher ventral and 3.2-fold higher brain region fluorescent signal intensity compared to oral route at 24 h. Similar patterns of NMI biodistribution were found in mice with or without intracranial implanted GL26 brain tumors. NMI was highly associated with tumors in contrast to adjacent non-tumor brain, confirming diagnostic utility. NMI 5 mg/kg imaging signal in brain at 48 h was optimal (tumor/non-tumor ratio > 3.5) with minimum off-target distribution. Intravenous NMI imaging signal peaked between 24 h and 48 h for lung, liver, kidney, blood, brain, and most other tissues. Clearance (signal weaker, but still present) from most tissues occurred by day 7. Intravenous low dose (0.5 mg/kg) minimally labeled tumor and other tissues, 5 mg/kg showed optimal imaging signal in glioma at a dose we previously reported as efficacious, and 50 mg/kg was tolerable but saturated the tissue signals beyond tumor specificity. Gel electrophoresis showed two major bands present in brain tumor and tissue protein lysates. CONCLUSIONS Intravenous 5 mg/kg was optimal dose to target brain tumor and identified off-target organs of concern: lungs, liver, and kidneys. These results demonstrate the biodistribution and optimal dose range of NMI for treatment and diagnostic monitoring of glioma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald W Irwin
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Alesi R Escobedo
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Jean C Shih
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California, USA. .,USC-Taiwan Center for Translational Research, Los Angeles, California, USA.
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23
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Zhou Q, Gong D, Zhang Y, Huang F. Association between monoamine oxidase A promoter polymorphism and the risk of sudden infant death syndrome: a meta-analysis. Int J Legal Med 2021; 135:1179-90. [PMID: 33523250 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-020-02496-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Introduction The etiology of sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) remains an unsolved problem. The aim of this meta-analysis is to investigate the potential association between monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) promoter variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) polymorphism and SIDS risk. Methods A systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted on studies from accessible electronic databases. Each VNTR variant was examined in each gender independently by comparing with the pooled results of other alleles. Results A total of six independent case–control studies including 1022 SIDS cases and 1839 controls were enrolled in this meta-analysis. In both of the whole populations and Caucasian populations, male infants with the low-MAOA-expression alleles (2R+3R) were found to exhibit a statistically significant increased risk of SIDS, whereas those with a 4R allele exhibited a reduced risk of SIDS. Besides, an increased risk of SIDS was detected in male Caucasian infants with 2R or 3R alleles. However, none of the allele or genotype variants was associated with SIDS in female victims. Conclusion In male Caucasian infants, the low expression of MAOA promoter VNTR alleles (2R and 3R) is associated with an increased risk of SIDS, and the existence of the 4R allele could be regarded as a protective factor.
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24
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Béroule DG. Paradoxical Effects of a Cytokine and an Anticonvulsant Strengthen the Epigenetic/Enzymatic Avenue for Autism Research. Front Cell Neurosci 2020; 14:585395. [PMID: 33262691 PMCID: PMC7686807 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2020.585395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal exposure to the valproate short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) during pregnancy is known to possibly induce autism spectrum disorders (ASDs) in the offspring. By contrast, case studies have evidenced positive outcomes of this anticonvulsant drug in children with severe autism. Interestingly, the same paradoxical pattern applies to the IL-17a inflammatory cytokine involved in the immune system regulation. Such joint apparent contradictions can be overcome by pointing out that, among their respective signaling pathways, valproate and IL-17a share an enhancement of the “type A monoamine oxidase” (MAOA) enzyme carried by the X chromosome. In the Guided Propagation (GP) model of autism, such enzymatic rise triggers a prenatal epigenetic downregulation, which, without possible X-inactivation, and when coinciding with genetic expression variants of other brain enzymes, results in the delayed onset of autistic symptoms. The underlying imbalance of synaptic monoamines, serotonin in the first place, would reflect a mismatch between the environment to which the brain metabolism was prepared during gestation and the postnatal actual surroundings. Following a prenatal exposure to molecules that significantly elicit the MAOA gene expression, a daily treatment with the same metabolic impact would tend to recreate the fetal environment and contribute to rebalance monoamines, thus allowing proper neural circuits to gradually develop, provided behavioral re-education. Given the multifaceted other players than MAOA that are involved in the regulation of serotonin levels, potential compensatory effects are surveyed, which may underlie the autism heterogeneity. This explanatory framework opens up prospects regarding autism prevention and treatment, strikingly in line with current advances along the gut microbiome–brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- D G Béroule
- CNRS, Bat.508, Faculté des Sciences d'Orsay, BP 133, Orsay, France.,CRIIGEN, Paris, France
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25
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Pang YY, Li JD, Gao L, Yang X, Dang YW, Lai ZF, Liu LM, Yang J, Wu HY, He RQ, Huang ZG, Xiong DD, Yang LH, Shi L, Mo WJ, Tang D, Lu HP, Chen G. The clinical value and potential molecular mechanism of the downregulation of MAOA in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues. Cancer Med 2020; 9:8004-8019. [PMID: 32931665 PMCID: PMC7643659 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.3434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains one of the most common cancers worldwide and tends to be detected at an advanced stage. More effective biomarkers for HCC screening and prognosis assessment are needed and the mechanisms of HCC require further exploration. The role of MAOA in HCC has not been intensively investigated. Methods In‐house tissue microarrays, genechips, and RNAsequencing datasets were integrated to explore the expression status and the clinical value of MAOA in HCC. Immunohistochemical staining was utilized to determine MAOA protein expression. Intersection genes of MAOA related co‐expressed genes and differentially expressed genes were obtained to perform functional enrichment analyses. In vivo experiment was conducted to study the impact of traditional Chinese medicine nitidine chloride (NC) on MAOA in HCC. Results MAOA was downregulated and possessed an excellent discriminatory capability in HCC patients. Decreased MAOA correlated with poor prognosis in HCC patients. Downregulated MAOA protein was relevant to an advanced TNM stage in HCC patients. Co‐expressed genes that positively related to MAOA were clustered in chemical carcinogenesis, where CYP2E1 was identified as the hub gene. In vivo experiment showed that nitidine chloride significantly upregulated MAOA in a nude mouse HCC model. Conclusions A decreased MAOA level is not only correlated with aggressive behaviors in males but also serves as a promising biomarker for the diagnosis and prognosis of HCC patients. Moreover, MAOA may play a role in AFB1 toxic transformation through its synergistic action with co‐expressed genes, especially CYP3A4. MAOA also serves as a potential therapy target of NC in HCC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Yan Pang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Di Li
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Li Gao
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Xia Yang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Wu Dang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Ze-Feng Lai
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Li-Min Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Jie Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Hua-Yu Wu
- Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, School of Pre-Clinical Medicine, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Rong-Quan He
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Guang Huang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Dan-Dan Xiong
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Li-Hua Yang
- Department of Medical Oncology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Lin Shi
- Department of Pathology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Jia Mo
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Deng Tang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Ping Lu
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China
| | - Gang Chen
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, P.R. China
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26
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Jia CC, Li G, Jiang R, Liu X, Yuan Q, Le W, Hou Y, Wang B. B-Cell Receptor-Associated Protein 31 Negatively Regulates the Expression of Monoamine Oxidase A Via R1. Front Mol Biosci 2020; 7:64. [PMID: 32426368 PMCID: PMC7212379 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.00064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
B-cell receptor-associated protein 31 (Bap31) is a three trans-membrane protein of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). Patients who have loss of function of Bap31 suffered from X-linked syndrome, such as motor and intellectual disabilities, dystonia, and sensorineural deafness. However, the underlying mechanism of Bap31 on X-linked syndrome remains unclear. Here, we found that a total of 21 proteins (9 up-regulated and 12 down-regulated proteins) related with X-linked syndrome were screened from shRNA-Bap31 transfected cells with the isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) technique. One gene with the greatest change trend, monoamine oxidase A (MAOA), was identified. MAOA expression was up-regulated by Bap31 knockdown. However, Bap31 did not affect the ubiquitination degradation of MAOA protein. Of note, Bap31 selectively regulated the expression of cell division cycle associated 7-like (R1/RAM2/CDCA7L/JPO2, a transcriptional repressor of MAOA) and the binding activity of R1 with MAOA promoter, thereby affecting MAOA expression. This study demonstrates the molecular mechanisms of Bap31 in MAOA via R1 and supports the potential function of Bap31 on X-linked syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong-Cong Jia
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China.,Center for Clinical Research on Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Research on the Pathogenic Mechanisms of Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Guoxun Li
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Rui Jiang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xia Liu
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qing Yuan
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Weidong Le
- Center for Clinical Research on Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Research on the Pathogenic Mechanisms of Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yue Hou
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China.,Key Laboratory of Data Analytics and Optimization for Smart Industry, Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Bing Wang
- College of Life and Health Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
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27
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Kõks G, Prans E, Ho XD, Duy BH, Tran HD, Ngo NB, Hoang LN, Tran HM, Bubb VJ, Quinn JP, Kõks S. Genetic interaction between two VNTRs in the MAOA gene is associated with the nicotine dependence. Exp Biol Med (Maywood) 2020; 245:733-739. [PMID: 32241179 DOI: 10.1177/1535370220916888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPACT STATEMENT The present study combined the analysis of two transcriptional regulators, uVNTR and dVNTR, in the MAOA gene that is an enzyme responsible for the monoamine degradation and identified genetic interaction between these VNTRs in association with the nicotine dependence. The main impact is that when analyzing different populations in the genetic studies, the functionally meaningful variants should be combined rather than addressing individual elements separately (a mini polygenic risk score for a particular gene/locus). This combination is very rarely analyzed and therefore the study sets an example. Another impact is that we analyzed the genetic variability in the Asian population and therefore our data present a piece of information from underrepresented populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ele Prans
- Department of Pathophysiology, University of Tartu, Tartu 50411, Estonia
| | - Xuan D Ho
- Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue City 530000, Vietnam
| | - Binh H Duy
- Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hue University, Hue City 530000, Vietnam
| | - Ha Dt Tran
- Public Health Faculty, Danang University of Medical Technology and Pharmacy, Da Nang City 550000, Vietnam
| | - Ngoc Bt Ngo
- Public Health Faculty, Danang University of Medical Technology and Pharmacy, Da Nang City 550000, Vietnam
| | - Linh Nn Hoang
- Public Health Faculty, Danang University of Medical Technology and Pharmacy, Da Nang City 550000, Vietnam
| | - Hue Mt Tran
- Public Health Faculty, Danang University of Medical Technology and Pharmacy, Da Nang City 550000, Vietnam
| | - Vivien J Bubb
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L693BX, UK
| | - John P Quinn
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L693BX, UK
| | - Sulev Kõks
- Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia
- The Perron Institute for Neurological and Translational Science, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia
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28
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Lin HY, Tsai JC, Wu LY, Peng WH. Reveals of New Candidate Active Components in Hemerocallis Radix and Its Anti-Depression Action of Mechanism Based on Network Pharmacology Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1868. [PMID: 32182911 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21051868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 03/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The global depression population is showing a significant increase. Hemerocallis fulva L. is a common Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Its flower buds are known to have ability to clear away heat and dampness, detoxify, and relieve depression. Ancient TCM literature shows that its roots have a beneficial effect in calming the spirit and even the temper in order to reduce the feeling of melancholy. Therefore, it is inferred that the root of Hemerocallis fulva L. can be used as a therapeutic medicine for depression. This study aims to uncover the pharmacological mechanism of the antidepressant effect of Hemerocallis Radix (HR) through network pharmacology method. During the analysis, 11 active components were obtained and screened using ADME—absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion— method. Furthermore, 267 HR targets and 740 depressive disorder (DD) targets were gathered from various databases. Then protein–protein interaction (PPI) network of HR and DD targets were constructed and cluster analysis was applied to further explore the connection between the targets. In addition, gene ontology (GO) enrichment and pathway analysis was applied to further verify that the biological process related to the target protein is associated with the occurrence of depression disorder. In conclusion, the most important bioactive components—anthraquinone, kaempferol, and vanillic acid—can alleviate depression symptoms by regulating MAOA, MAOB, and ESR1. The proposed network pharmacology strategy provides an integrating method to explore the therapeutic mechanism of multi-component drugs on a systematic level.
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Schiele MA, Thiel C, Deckert J, Zaudig M, Berberich G, Domschke K. Monoamine Oxidase A Hypomethylation in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: Reversibility By Successful Psychotherapy? Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2020; 23:319-323. [PMID: 32133483 PMCID: PMC7251630 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyaa016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epigenetic markers such as DNA methylation of the monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) gene have previously been shown to be altered in anxiety- and stress-related disorders and to constitute a potential mechanism of action of psychotherapeutic interventions such as cognitive behavioral therapy in these disorders. The present study for the first time, to our knowledge, investigated MAOA methylation in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder applying a longitudinal psychotherapy-epigenetic approach. METHODS The present sample comprised 14 unmedicated female patients with primary obsessive-compulsive disorder and 14 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. MAOA promoter methylation was analyzed via direct sequencing of sodium bisulfite-treated DNA extracted from whole blood before and after an 8- to 10-week semi-standardized, obsessive-compulsive disorder-specific cognitive behavioral therapy. Clinical response was assessed by means of the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale. RESULTS Significantly lower MAOA promoter methylation was discerned in obsessive-compulsive disorder patients relative to healthy controls. Data were available for 12 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder and 14 controls. Furthermore, following cognitive behavioral therapy, clinical improvement, i.e., decreases in obsessive-compulsive disorder symptoms as indicated by lower scores on the Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale was found to be significantly correlated with increases in MAOA methylation levels in patients (data available for n = 7). CONCLUSIONS The present pilot data suggest MAOA hypomethylation as a potential risk marker of obsessive-compulsive disorder and an increase in MAOA methylation levels as a possible mechanistic correlate of response to cognitive behavioral therapy in obsessive-compulsive disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam A Schiele
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Christiane Thiel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Jürgen Deckert
- Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, Center of Mental Health, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Katharina Domschke
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany,Center for Basics in NeuroModulation, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany,Correspondence: Prof. Katharina Domschke, MA, MD, PhD, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Freiburg, Hauptstrasse 5, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany ()
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Bajgarova Z, Bajgar A. The relationships among MAOA, COMT Val158Met, and 5-HTTLPR polymorphisms, newborn stress reactivity, and infant temperament. Brain Behav 2020; 10:e01511. [PMID: 31884721 PMCID: PMC7010585 DOI: 10.1002/brb3.1511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2019] [Revised: 11/23/2019] [Accepted: 11/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Variance in hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis reactivity is considered to be one of the sources of differences in infant temperament. The cortisol enters into interactions with dopamine and serotonin, so it is expected that polymorphisms in genes coding monoamine metabolism influence both HPA axis reactivity and temperament. METHODS We therefore explore the relationship among 5-HTTLPR S/L, MAOA H/L, and COMT Val158Met polymorphisms, the stress reaction of newborn infants after a heel stick blood draw (measured by determining salivary cortisol at three time points), and temperament assessed at the age of 3 months using Rothbart's Infant Behavior Questionnaire-Revised (IBQ-R) with a sample of 84 infants. RESULTS The decrease in the salivary cortisol correlated with nine primary scales and all three secondary scales of IBQ-R. Children with a greater cortisol decrease were assessed as less susceptible to negative emotions, more extraverted, and more regulated. The polymorphisms that were observed were related both to the course of the stress reaction and to temperament. The 5-HTTLPR S allele was connected to higher scores for Negative Emotionality and lower scores for Orienting/Regulatory Capacity. The presence of the MAOA L allele predisposed its carriers to higher scores for Negative Emotionality, lower scores for Orienting/Regulatory Capacity, and a lower decrease in cortisol. The Met allele of COMT Val158Met polymorphism was connected to a higher Positive Affectivity/Surgency and Orienting/Regulatory Capacity and a greater cortisol decrease. CONCLUSIONS Contrary to previous studies referring mainly basal cortisol and its increase, the results of our study emphasize the importance of cortisol elimination in infant temperament. Another interesting finding was a higher cortisol increase, higher Distress to Limitations, Negative Emotionality, and Approach in MAOA LL homozygotes which are traditionally understood as more vulnerable toward early stress in developing later externalizing behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zdenka Bajgarova
- Department of Pedagogy and Psychology, Faculty of Education, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
| | - Adam Bajgar
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, Ceske Budejovice, Czech Republic
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Fite PJ, Brown S, Hossain WA, Manzardo A, Butler MG, Bortolato M. Sex-Dimorphic Interactions of MAOA Genotype and Child Maltreatment Predispose College Students to Polysubstance Use. Front Genet 2020; 10:1314. [PMID: 32010186 PMCID: PMC6978277 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.01314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Accepted: 12/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Polysubstance use (PSU) is highly prevalent among college students. Recent evidence indicates that PSU is based on gene x environment (G×E) interactions, yet the specific biosocial factors underlying this problem remain elusive. We recently reported that lifetime use of tobacco and cannabis in college students is influenced by the interaction of the X-linked MAOA (monoamine oxidase A) gene and child maltreatment. Building on these premises, here we evaluated whether the same G×E interaction may also predict PSU in this population. Students of a large Midwestern university (n = 470; 50.9% females) took part in a computer survey for substance use, as well as childhood trauma exposure, using the Child Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ). DNA was extracted from their saliva samples and genotyped for MAOA variable-number of tandem repeat (VNTR) variants. Findings indicated that the highest number of substances were used by male students harboring low-activity MAOA alleles with a history of childhood emotional abuse. In contrast, female homozygous high-activity MAOA carriers with a history of emotional and physical abuse reported consumption of the greatest number of substances. Our results indicate that PSU among college students is influenced by the interaction of MAOA and child maltreatment in a sex-specific fashion. Further studies are warranted to understand the mechanisms of sex differences in the biosocial interplays underlying PSU in this at-risk group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula J. Fite
- Consortium for Translational Research on Aggression and Drug Abuse (ConTRADA), University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
- Clinical Child Psychology Program, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
| | - Shaquanna Brown
- Consortium for Translational Research on Aggression and Drug Abuse (ConTRADA), University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
- Clinical Child Psychology Program, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
| | - Waheeda A. Hossain
- Consortium for Translational Research on Aggression and Drug Abuse (ConTRADA), University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Pediatrics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Ann Manzardo
- Consortium for Translational Research on Aggression and Drug Abuse (ConTRADA), University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Pediatrics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Merlin G. Butler
- Consortium for Translational Research on Aggression and Drug Abuse (ConTRADA), University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
- Departments of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences and Pediatrics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | - Marco Bortolato
- Consortium for Translational Research on Aggression and Drug Abuse (ConTRADA), University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, United States
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, United States
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Smeijers D, Bulten E, Franke B, Buitelaar J, Verkes RJ. Associations of multiple trauma types and MAOA with severe aggressive behavior and MAOA effects on training outcome. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2020; 30:66-74. [PMID: 28673475 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2017.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Revised: 05/19/2017] [Accepted: 06/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Previous research showed that the disposition to react with disproportionate aggression in adults is influenced by an interaction between a variant in the X-chromosomal monoamine oxidase A gene (MAOA) and early traumatic events. Such studies have often focused on a single type of trauma, whereas we know that experiencing multiple trauma types is associated with more detrimental consequences. The differential susceptibility hypothesis suggests that individuals who are most susceptible to adversity, are also most likely to benefit from supportive experiences in childhood. Differences in susceptibility are thought to be partly genetically driven. In the present study we explored whether a genotype of MAOA linked to lower expression of the gene (MAOA-L) modified the effect of multiple types of trauma on aggression and/or altered responsiveness to treatment among adults with severe aggression. Forensic psychiatric outpatients (FPOs) (N=150) receiving treatment for aggression regulation problems were recruited. Traumatic events and aggression were measured using self-report. FPOs with multiple trauma types and those with the MAOA-L allele reported more severe levels of aggression. No interaction effects between MAOA genotype and trauma emerged. There were no differences in response to the intervention between FPOs with and without the MAOA-L variant, whereas FPOs with a single type of trauma showed the slowest reduction of aggression. FPOs with multiple types of trauma reported the highest levels of aggression over the course of treatment. Future research is needed to elucidate this association in further detail. The current study emphasized the importance of early recognition of early traumatic events.
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Prasad MSS, Vardhanan YS, Prabha SPS, K Joseph J, Mathachan Aneesh E. MAOA-uVNTR polymorphism in male recidivist violent offenders in the Indian population. Arch Med Sadowej Kryminol 2020; 70:242-50. [PMID: 34431648 DOI: 10.5114/amsik.2020.104863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION An association of MAOA-uVNTR polymorphism with aggression and violence has been demonstrated in many studies; however, this association is inconclusive due to the allelic variation in different populations. Allelic variants and the frequency of this polymorphism among recidivist violent offenders could provide more information about this complex behaviour. Hence, the association between violence and the polymorphism of variable numbers of tandem repeats located upstream of the MAOA gene needs to be ruled out. MATERIAL AND METHODS Identified recidivist violent offenders by various laws of 'Offences against Human Body and Property' of the Indian Penal Code and natives of the southern state of India, Kerala, were the cases. Individuals without a history of any offences, from the same locality, were taken as controls. DNA extracted from the buccal epithelial cells from the subjects was genotyped using PCR methods for identifying MAOA-uVNTR polymorphism. RESULTS In the subjects (n = 67), polymorphism in the promoter region of the MAOA gene, which comprises of 30bp repeats, 3.5 and 4.5 repeat alleles were observed statistically significantly (p = 0.015). Both 3.5 and 4.5 repeat alleles were present in the participants belonging to the control group. All the participants belonging to experiment group had 3.5 repeats only. CONCLUSIONS This candidate gene-environment interaction (cGxE) may be one of the reasons for the development of psychopathology in violent offenders. This is the first study among offenders in this regard in India, and data generated will be a significant contribution to the aetiology of various psychiatric disorders and population-specific genome database.
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Plieger T, Melchers M, Felten A, Lieser T, Meermann R, Reuter M. Moderator Effects of Life Stress on the Association between MAOA-uVNTR, Depression, and Burnout. Neuropsychobiology 2019; 78:86-94. [PMID: 30943524 DOI: 10.1159/000499085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The serotonergic and noradrenergic systems have a strong impact on several affective disorders and are key targets for psychopharmacological therapy. With respect to pathogenesis, there is a growing body of evidence showing an influence of a promoter repeat polymorphism (MAOA-uVNTR) altering the expression rate of monoamine oxidase A. However, only a few studies investigate its influence on depression with only 2 of them considering the moderating effects of life stress. For burnout, there are no studies so far investigating the genetic basis. OBJECTIVES The aim of the present study was to replicate an interaction effect of MAOA-uVNTR and life stress on depression, and extend these possible findings to the burnout syndrome. Especially, the latter one might help in understanding the underlying mechanisms of burnout and its association to depression. METHOD A total of n = 1,541 participants (n = 1,099 healthy controls, n = 442 inpatients with affective disorders) provided genetic samples and filled in self-report questionnaires measuring depression, burnout, and the extent of experienced stressful life events (SLEs). RESULTS A life stress x MAOA-uVNTR interaction on depression and burnout was observed in women suggesting that carriers of the high expressing allele (MAO-H) with many SLEs had the highest scores in both burnout and depression. In men, there was only a weak effect of MAOA-uVNTR on depression. CONCLUSIONS The results suggest a more pronounced reactivity to adverse environmental factors in carriers of the MAO-H allele. Especially the effect of life stress and MAOA-uVNTR on burnout should be independently replicated in the future as this is the first study showing this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Plieger
- Department of Psychology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany,
| | - Martin Melchers
- Department of Psychology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Andrea Felten
- Department of Psychology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Thomas Lieser
- "Gezeiten Haus", Psychosomatic Hospital, Bonn, Germany
| | - Rolf Meermann
- Medical Director MEDIAN Hospital Group, Berlin, Germany
| | - Martin Reuter
- Department of Psychology, Laboratory of Neurogenetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Pellegrini S, Mariotti V, Di Nunzio C, Palumbo S, Ricci P, Fornaciari G, Pietrini P. Did Giovanni dalle Bande Nere become a legendary condottiero because of his MAOA gene? J Affect Disord 2019; 259:218-220. [PMID: 31446383 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/17/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S Pellegrini
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa (Italy)
| | - V Mariotti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa (Italy)
| | - C Di Nunzio
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Legal Medicine, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro (Italy)
| | - S Palumbo
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and of Critical Care, University of Pisa, Pisa (Italy)
| | - P Ricci
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Legal Medicine, Magna Graecia University, Catanzaro (Italy)
| | - G Fornaciari
- Department of Civilisations and Forms of Knowledge, University of Pisa, Pisa (Italy)
| | - P Pietrini
- IMT School for Advanced Studies, Lucca (Italy).
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Royo JL, Castellano-Castillo D, Ruiz-Galdon M, Molina-Vega M, Cardona F, Tinahones FJ, Fernández-García JC, Reyes-Engel A. Monoamino oxidase alleles correlate with the presence of essential hypertension among hypogonadic patients. Mol Genet Genomic Med 2019; 8:e1040. [PMID: 31743621 PMCID: PMC6978270 DOI: 10.1002/mgg3.1040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2019] [Revised: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity has been traditionally implicated in blood pressure through its effects on biogenic amine levels such as catecholamines, serotonin, and dopamine. Nowadays, this role is considered relegated to side‐effects such as orthostatic hypotension and/or hypertensive crisis derived from MAO‐inhibitory treatments in patients with psychiatric disease. Methods In the present work we have found an association between a polymorphic variant of MAOB gene and arterial hypertension in obese hypogonadic patients. The study cases comprised a series of 219 nondiabetic males with a body mass index ≥30 kg/m2 and aged <45 years. Hypogonadism was defined as subnormal testosterone concentrations, when free testosterone values ranged <65 pg/ml. Results MAOB rs3027452‐A allele carriers were significantly over‐represented among hypertensive (HT) patients (25.49%) in comparison to either the non‐HT patients (10%, OR = 3.079 CI95 [1.364–6.952], p = .005, Chi‐square test) and the control population series of nonobese nor hypogonadic males (also 10%, p = .003 Chi‐square test). Upon adjusted, an independent association was shown with the hypogonadic group with hypertension when compared with nonhypertensive hypogonadics (Beta = 3.653, p = .005). When quantitative analysis was performed, hypertensive patients harboring rs3027452‐A allele showed higher systolic blood pressure values (p = .038, Mann–Whitney U‐test) as well as an increased Systolic‐Diastolic range despite following HT treatment (∆mmHg 54 vs. 48 for rs3027452‐A and rs3027452‐G respectively, p‐value .019, Mann–Whitney U‐test). Previous studies on MAOB revealed that rs3027452‐A allele has been correlated to a lower activity of the enzyme, what gives a functional evidence over our observation. Conclusion If this result could be extrapolated to other hypertensive patient groups, it would implicate a review of the markers and therapeutic targets on human hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Luis Royo
- Department of Surgery, Biochemistry and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Malaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Daniel Castellano-Castillo
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición del Hospital Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, CIBERobn, Málaga, Spain
| | - Maximiliano Ruiz-Galdon
- Department of Surgery, Biochemistry and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Malaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - María Molina-Vega
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición del Hospital Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, CIBERobn, Málaga, Spain
| | - Fernando Cardona
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición del Hospital Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, CIBERobn, Málaga, Spain
| | - Francisco J Tinahones
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición del Hospital Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, CIBERobn, Málaga, Spain
| | - José C Fernández-García
- Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Endocrinología y Nutrición del Hospital Virgen de la Victoria, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Universidad de Málaga, Málaga, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición, CIBERobn, Málaga, Spain
| | - Armando Reyes-Engel
- Department of Surgery, Biochemistry and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Malaga, Málaga, Spain
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Chiang SL, Nithiyanantham S, Velmurugan BK, Tu HP, Lee CH, Ko YC. A haplotype-specific linkage disequilibrium pattern of monoamine oxidase A gene associated with regular smoking in women. J Gene Med 2019; 21:e3142. [PMID: 31721380 DOI: 10.1002/jgm.3142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2019] [Revised: 09/06/2019] [Accepted: 11/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cigarette smoking in women is raising a public health problem. The X-linked monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) was considered as a susceptibility gene to substance abuse of tobacco, but the evolutionary effect of MAOA may lead to a positive or negative association between genetic variations and smoking development among study regions. METHODS Based on linkage disequilibrium (LD), we performed a haplotype-based association to explore the effect of MAOA gene on women's smoking risk in a case-control study. RESULTS Genotyped single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of MAOA gene, rs5953210G>A, rs2283725A>G and rs1137070T>C, were significantly associated with current smoking risk in women, and the increased level of plasma MAO-A activity was raised with per copy increment of risk allele in current smokers (P < .01). The haplotype patterns with minor haplotype frequency >.05 were constructed using the Expectation-Maximization algorithm, and the haplotype-specific A-G-C pattern raised the 2-fold risk to develop regular smoking (P = .0005). In the diplotype analysis based on X-inactivation mechanism relative to no and full dosage compensation, we showed that A-G-C haplotype not only increased regular smoking risk in a dose-dependent manner (Ptrend = .0011) but also contributed to smoking risk in the dosage compensation mechanism. Compared to non-smokers, the effect of A-G-C haplotype on random X-activation was associated with the raised MAO-A activity in women smokers (P < .05) although the lifetime cigarette consumption showed a difference that was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION This study provides information on MAOA LD-based haplotype and diplotype patterns in women smoking.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Lun Chiang
- Environment-Omics-Disease Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.,Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Hung-Pin Tu
- Department of Public Health and Environmental Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chien-Hung Lee
- Department of Public Health, College of Health Science, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ying-Chin Ko
- Environment-Omics-Disease Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
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Aierqing S, Nakagawa A, Okita M, Bungo T. Sex, age, or genetic differences related to play behaviors in Japanese Black calves. Anim Sci J 2019; 90:1407-1413. [PMID: 31418987 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2019] [Revised: 07/14/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Play behavior in young animals has been used to evaluate the condition (health) of livestock. We investigated age, sex, and genetic differences of Japanese Black calves in relation to frequency of play behaviors (galloping, leaping, turning, bucking, head butting objects, and head shaking) and examined how these relationships might affect growth during the suckling stage. Locomotor play behaviors (galloping, leaping, turning, and bucking) and head butting objects gradually declined with the age for both sexes. The frequency of head butting was significantly higher in males than females. We found that significant interaction effects (age × MAOA polymorphism) in play behaviors (except head shaking) and the frequencies of locomotor play in calves without the wild-type allele were significantly higher than those in younger calves (2 and 6 weeks of age). Weight gain was significantly correlated with the frequency of locomotor play in females, but not in males. This study suggests that play in Japanese Black calves gradually declines as they mature and that play may be controlled by variations in the MAOA gene. In addition, the frequency of locomotor play may be an indicator of health in female calves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarengaowa Aierqing
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Akiko Nakagawa
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Miki Okita
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Takashi Bungo
- Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Japan
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Manca M, Pessoa V, Myers P, Pickles A, Hill J, Sharp H, Murgatroyd C, Bubb VJ, Quinn JP. Distinct chromatin structures at the monoamine oxidase-A promoter correlate with allele-specific expression in SH-SY5Y cells. Genes Brain Behav 2019; 18:e12483. [PMID: 29667298 PMCID: PMC6617726 DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2017] [Revised: 02/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/13/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Monoamine oxidase-A (MAOA) metabolises monoamines and is implicated in the pathophysiology of psychiatric disorders. A polymorphic repetitive DNA domain, termed the uVNTR (upstream variable number tandem repeat), located at the promoter of the MAOA gene is a risk factor for many of these disorders. MAOA is on the X chromosome suggesting gender could play a role in regulation. We analysed MAOA regulation in the human female cell line, SH-SY5Y, which is polymorphic for the uVNTR. This heterozygosity allowed us to correlate allele-specific gene expression with allele-specific transcription factor binding and epigenetic marks for MAOA. Gene regulation was analysed under basal conditions and in response to the mood stabiliser sodium valproate. Both alleles were transcriptionally active under basal growth conditions; however, the alleles showed distinct transcription factor binding and epigenetic marks at their respective promoters. Exposure of the cells to sodium valproate resulted in differential allelic expression which correlated with allele-specific changes in distinct transcription factor binding and epigenetic marks at the region encompassing the uVNTR. Biochemically our model for MAOA promoter function has implications for gender differences in gene × environment responses in which the uVNTR has been implicated as a genetic risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. Manca
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Translational MedicineUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
- Institute of Psychology, Health and SocietyUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
| | - V. Pessoa
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Translational MedicineUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
- Institute of Psychology, Health and SocietyUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
| | - P. Myers
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Translational MedicineUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
| | - A. Pickles
- King's College London, MRC Social Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Research CentreInstitute of PsychiatryLondonUK
| | - J. Hill
- School for Psychology and Clinical Language SciencesUniversity of ReadingReadingUK
| | - H. Sharp
- Institute of Psychology, Health and SocietyUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
| | - C. Murgatroyd
- School of Healthcare ScienceManchester Metropolitan UniversityManchesterUK
| | - V. J. Bubb
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Translational MedicineUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
| | - J. P. Quinn
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, Institute of Translational MedicineUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpoolUK
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Xiang C, Liu S, Fan Y, Wang X, Jia Y, Li L, Cong S, Han F. Single nucleotide polymorphisms, variable number tandem repeats and allele influence on serotonergic enzyme modulators for aggressive and suicidal behaviors: A review. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2019; 180:74-82. [PMID: 30928299 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2019.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The serotonergic system plays key regulatory roles in cognition and emotion. Several lines of evidence suggest that genetic variation is associated with aggressive and suicidal behaviors. Genetic studies have largely focused on three types of variations: single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), variable number tandem repeats (VNTRs), and alleles. 95 published papers (49 papers for aggression and 46 for suicide) were reviewed to summarize the impact of SNPs, VNTRs, and alleles of tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH, the rate-limiting enzyme in serotonin [5-HT] synthesis), 5-HT transporter (5-HTT), serotonergic receptors, monoamine oxidase (an enzyme that catalyzes 5-HT degradation) on aggression and suicidal behaviors. These study samples include healthy controls, psychiatric disease patients, and animal models. This article mainly reviews studies on the relationship between 5-HT transmissions and genetic variations involved in aggression (particularly impulsive aggression) or suicide in people with different ethnicities and psychiatric disorders. We found that most SNPs, VNTRs, and alleles exerted influences on aggression or suicide. Only A128C in TPH1, A138G in 5-HT2A, and L type in the VNTR of monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) affected both aggression and suicide. The associations between some genetic variations and aggression/suicide may be influenced by gender, age, ethnicity, psychiatric disease, and even parenting or prenatal stress. These findings may help clarify how genetic and environmental factors influence the development of aggressive and suicidal behaviors.
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Trautmann S, Richter J, Muehlhan M, Höfler M, Wittchen HU, Domschke K, Ströhle A, Hamm AO, Weber H, Kircher T, Arolt V, Gerlach AL, Alpers GW, Fydrich T, Lang T, Reif A. Does prior traumatization affect the treatment outcome of CBT for panic disorder? The potential role of the MAOA gene and depression symptoms. Eur Arch Psychiatry Clin Neurosci 2019; 269:161-70. [PMID: 28712090 DOI: 10.1007/s00406-017-0823-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2016] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Although cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) is highly effective in the treatment of anxiety disorders, many patients still do not benefit. This study investigates whether a history of traumatic event experience is negatively associated with outcomes of CBT for panic disorder. The moderating role of the monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) gene and depression symptoms as well as the association between trauma history and fear reactivity as a potential mechanism are further analyzed. We conducted a post-hoc analysis of 172 male and 60 female patients with panic disorder treated with CBT in a multi-center study. Treatment outcome was assessed at post-treatment using self-report and clinician rating scales. Fear reactivity before treatment was assessed via heart rate and self-reported anxiety during a behavioral avoidance test. Among females, we did not find any differences in treatment response between traumatized and non-traumatized individuals or any two-way interaction trauma history × MAOA genotype. There was a significant three-way interaction trauma history × MAOA genotype × depression symptoms on all treatment outcomes indicating that in traumatized female patients carrying the low-activity allele, treatment effect sizes decreased with increasing depression symptoms at baseline. No such effects were observed for males. In conclusion, we found no evidence for a differential treatment response in traumatized and non-traumatized individuals. There is preliminary evidence for poorer treatment outcomes in a subgroup of female traumatized individuals carrying the low-active variant of the MAOA gene. These patients also report more symptoms of depression symptomatology and exhibit a dampened fear response before treatment which warrants further investigation.
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Cooke EM, Armstrong T, Boisvert D, Wells J, Lewis RH, Hughes-Stamm S, Gangitano D. The relationship between the MAOA-uVNTR polymorphism, delinquent peer affiliation, and antisocial behavior with a consideration of sex differences. Psychiatr Q 2018; 89:841-53. [PMID: 29730831 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-018-9582-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
With the advent of new and more readily usable gene sequencing techniques, researchers have been able to examine the interactions between genes and the environment (G X E) within a multitude of scientific perspectives. One area that G X E interactions have been implicated in is the development of antisocial behavior (ASB). Antisocial behavior consists of a wide range of maladaptive behaviors and has been at the forefront of public health and mental health concerns for decades. One genetic polymorphism that has been associated with ASB is MAOA-uVNTR. Meta-analytic studies have found the low-activity MAOA-uVNTR polymorphism to be associated with ASB from early childhood through adulthood. Recently, studies have begun to examine the independent and interactive G X E relationship between MAOA-uVNTR and deviant peer affiliation on ASB. Inconsistent with the broader literature, these findings suggest an interaction between high-activity MAOA-uVNTR and deviant peer affiliation on ASB in a mixed sex sample. The current study re-examines the relationship between MAOA-uVNTR, peer delinquency, and ASB with a consideration of sex differences in 291 college participants. Findings indicate an interaction between the low-activity allele of the MAOA-uVNTR and peer delinquency in predicting ASB. Results are also specific to differences between the sexes. Implications and future research are discussed.
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Hollerbach P, Johansson A, Ventus D, Jern P, Neumann CS, Westberg L, Santtila P, Habermeyer E, Mokros A. Main and interaction effects of childhood trauma and the MAOA uVNTR polymorphism on psychopathy. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2018; 95:106-112. [PMID: 29843018 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Psychopathy is characterized by callous affect, interpersonal manipulation, a deviant lifestyle, and antisocial behavior. Previous research has linked psychopathic traits to childhood trauma, but also to the upstream variable number tandem repeat (uVNTR) polymorphism of the monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) gene. An interaction between childhood trauma and MAOA genotype has been associated with antisocial behavior, but so far little is known about interaction effects of childhood trauma and the MAOA uVNTR on psychopathy. In order to bridge this gap, we used data of 1531 male and 1265 female twins and their siblings from a Finnish community sample to estimate structural equation models. The psychopathy and childhood trauma constructs were conceptualized as bifactor models with one general and two orthogonal group factors. Data comprised self-reports on childhood trauma and psychopathic traits as well as MAOA uVNTR genotype. In both genders, childhood trauma was associated with the general factor that represents the overarching psychopathy construct, and with the group factor that captures social deviance, but not with the group factor capturing psychopathic core personality traits. Women with a low activity variant of the MAOA uVNTR reported slightly higher levels of psychopathy than those with a high activity allele, but only with respect to the general psychopathy factor. There was no evidence for an interaction effect between MAOA uVNTR genotype and childhood trauma on psychopathy in either gender. Our results suggest that psychopathy in general and social deviance in particular are associated with childhood trauma in men and women, and that psychopathic traits are subject to variation in the MAOA uVNTR genotype in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Hollerbach
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Ada Johansson
- Department of Psychology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland; Department of Psychology and Speech-Language Pathology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
| | - Daniel Ventus
- Department of Psychology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.
| | - Patrick Jern
- Department of Psychology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.
| | - Craig S Neumann
- Department of Psychology, University of North Texas, Denton, USA.
| | - Lars Westberg
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Pekka Santtila
- Department of Psychology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland; Faculty of Arts and Sciences, New York University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Elmar Habermeyer
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Andreas Mokros
- Department of Psychology, FernUniversität in Hagen (University of Hagen), Hagen, Germany.
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Wang M, Li H, Deater-Deckard K, Zhang W. Interacting Effect of Catechol- O-Methyltransferase ( COMT) and Monoamine Oxidase A ( MAOA) Gene Polymorphisms, and Stressful Life Events on Aggressive Behavior in Chinese Male Adolescents. Front Psychol 2018; 9:1079. [PMID: 30018578 PMCID: PMC6037980 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 06/07/2018] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Numerous studies have demonstrated that both catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene and monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) gene have been involved in aggressive behavior, as have stressful life events (SLEs). However, most of available evidence was based upon single gene or single gene–environment design, which is limited in accounting for the variance of aggressive behavior, a complex phenotype. This study examined the possible gene × gene × environment interactions between SLE (interpersonal problems and academic pressure) and two genetic polymorphisms (MAOA T941G and COMT Ala22/72Ser) correlated with aggressive behaviors in a sample of 658 Chinese male adolescents. Mothers and teachers reported on adolescents’ aggressive behavior using Achenbach’s Child Behavior Checklist and Teacher Report Form, respectively. Adolescents completed Self-Rating Life Events Checklist. Saliva samples were collected for DNA analysis. The results revealed no main effects of MAOA T941G and COMT Ala22/72Ser polymorphisms on male adolescents’ aggressive behaviors. However, a two-way interactive effect of interpersonal problems and MAOA T941G genotype on teacher-reported aggressive behavior was observed: adolescents with lower activity of MAOA T allele, but not those with MAOA G allele, exhibited greater aggressive behavior with an increase in interpersonal problems. A three-way interaction among COMT Ala22/72Ser and MAOA T941G polymorphisms, and SLE in the academic pressure on aggressive behavior was also identified. Among adolescents with lower activity of COMT GT/TT genotype and MAOA T allele, the higher level of academic pressure was significantly linked with an amplification of aggressive behavior, whereas this association didn’t exist among those with other genotypes. The present study presents the first evidence of COMT × MAOA × SLE interaction effect on male adolescents’ aggressive behavior, highlights the importance of considering distinct domains of stressful events and information bias when examining the effect of MAOA and COMT on aggressive behavior, and thereby contributes to MAOA gene-aggression and COMT gene-aggression literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiping Wang
- Department of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Hailei Li
- Department of Business, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
| | - Kirby Deater-Deckard
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA, United States
| | - Wenxin Zhang
- Department of Psychology, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, China
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Liu L, Cheng J, Su Y, Ji N, Gao Q, Li H, Yang L, Sun L, Qian Q, Wang Y. Deficiency of Sustained Attention in ADHD and Its Potential Genetic Contributor MAOA. J Atten Disord 2018; 22:878-885. [PMID: 25784069 DOI: 10.1177/1087054715574832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the genetic contributors to ADHD sustained attention deficit among noradrenergic genes responsible for the synthesis (dopamine-β-hydroxylase gene, DBH), transport (norepinephrine transporter gene, NET1), reception (alpha-2A adrenergic receptor gene, ADRA2A), and metabolism (monoamine oxidase A gene, MAOA) of noradrenalin (NE). METHOD A total of 456 children with ADHD and 108 normal controls were included in a digit cancellation test (DCT). DNA was collected from 242 participants and genotyped for 14 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of noradrenergic genes. RESULTS Compared with normal controls, children with ADHD showed a lower total score and higher mean error rate in the DCT, indicating poorer sustained attention function. Analysis of covariance showed an association between MAOA genotypes and ADHD performance in DCT, with poorer performance in risk allele carriers. No association was found for other noradrenergic genes. CONCLUSION Children with ADHD presented with a sustained attention deficit compared with normal controls. The sustained attention deficit of children with ADHD may be associated with genetic variant of MAOA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Liu
- 1 Peking University Sixth Hospital/Institute of Mental Health; Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Jia Cheng
- 1 Peking University Sixth Hospital/Institute of Mental Health; Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Yi Su
- 1 Peking University Sixth Hospital/Institute of Mental Health; Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Ning Ji
- 1 Peking University Sixth Hospital/Institute of Mental Health; Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Qian Gao
- 1 Peking University Sixth Hospital/Institute of Mental Health; Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Haimei Li
- 1 Peking University Sixth Hospital/Institute of Mental Health; Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Li Yang
- 1 Peking University Sixth Hospital/Institute of Mental Health; Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Li Sun
- 1 Peking University Sixth Hospital/Institute of Mental Health; Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Qiujin Qian
- 1 Peking University Sixth Hospital/Institute of Mental Health; Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Yufeng Wang
- 1 Peking University Sixth Hospital/Institute of Mental Health; Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking University), Beijing, China
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46
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Fite PJ, Brown S, Hossain W, Manzardo A, Butler MG, Bortolato M. Tobacco and cannabis use in college students are predicted by sex-dimorphic interactions between MAOA genotype and child abuse. CNS Neurosci Ther 2018; 25:101-111. [PMID: 29952131 DOI: 10.1111/cns.13002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Postsecondary students in Western countries exhibit a high prevalence of cannabis and tobacco use disorders. The etiology of these problems is contributed by several psychosocial factors, including childhood adversity and trauma; however, the mechanisms whereby these environmental determinants predispose to the use of these substances remain elusive, due to our poor knowledge of genetic and biological moderators. Converging evidence points to the monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) gene as a moderator of the effects of lifetime stress on the initiation of substance use. AIMS Building on these premises, in this study, we analyzed whether MAOA upstream variable number tandem repeat (uVNTR) alleles interact with child maltreatment history to predict for lifetime cannabis and tobacco consumption. MATERIALS AND METHODS Five hundred college students (age: 18-25 years) from a large Midwestern University were surveyed for their child maltreatment history (encompassing emotional, physical, and sexual abuse, as well as emotional and physical neglect) and lifetime consumption of cannabis and tobacco. Saliva samples were obtained to determine the MAOA uVNTR genotype of each participant. RESULTS In female students, lifetime tobacco and cannabis use was predicted by the interaction of physical and emotional abuse with high-activity MAOA allelic variants; conversely, in males, the interaction of low-activity MAOA alleles and physical abuse was associated with lifetime use of tobacco, but not cannabis. DISCUSSION These findings collectively suggest that the vulnerability to smoke tobacco and cannabis is predicted by sex-dimorphic interactions of MAOA gene with childhood abuse. CONCLUSION These biosocial underpinnings of tobacco and cannabis use may prove important in the development of novel personalized preventive strategies for substance use disorders in adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula J Fite
- Consortium for Translational Research on Aggression and Drug Abuse (ConTRADA), University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA.,Clinical Child Psychology Program, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Shaquanna Brown
- Consortium for Translational Research on Aggression and Drug Abuse (ConTRADA), University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA.,Clinical Child Psychology Program, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Waheeda Hossain
- Consortium for Translational Research on Aggression and Drug Abuse (ConTRADA), University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA.,Departments of Psychiatry, Behavioral Sciences and Pediatrics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Ann Manzardo
- Consortium for Translational Research on Aggression and Drug Abuse (ConTRADA), University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA.,Departments of Psychiatry, Behavioral Sciences and Pediatrics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Merlin G Butler
- Consortium for Translational Research on Aggression and Drug Abuse (ConTRADA), University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA.,Departments of Psychiatry, Behavioral Sciences and Pediatrics, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA
| | - Marco Bortolato
- Consortium for Translational Research on Aggression and Drug Abuse (ConTRADA), University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA
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47
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Palumbo S, Mariotti V, Iofrida C, Pellegrini S. Genes and Aggressive Behavior: Epigenetic Mechanisms Underlying Individual Susceptibility to Aversive Environments. Front Behav Neurosci 2018; 12:117. [PMID: 29950977 PMCID: PMC6008527 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2018.00117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Over the last two decades, the study of the relationship between nature and nurture in shaping human behavior has encountered a renewed interest. Behavioral genetics showed that distinct polymorphisms of genes that code for proteins that control neurotransmitter metabolic and synaptic function are associated with individual vulnerability to aversive experiences, such as stressful and traumatic life events, and may result in an increased risk of developing psychopathologies associated with violence. On the other hand, recent studies indicate that experiencing aversive events modulates gene expression by introducing stable changes to DNA without modifying its sequence, a mechanism known as “epigenetics”. For example, experiencing adversities during periods of maximal sensitivity to the environment, such as prenatal life, infancy and early adolescence, may introduce lasting epigenetic marks in genes that affect maturational processes in brain, thus favoring the emergence of dysfunctional behaviors, including exaggerate aggression in adulthood. The present review discusses data from recent research, both in humans and animals, concerning the epigenetic regulation of four genes belonging to the neuroendocrine, serotonergic and oxytocinergic pathways—Nuclear receptor subfamily 3-group C-member 1 (NR3C1), oxytocin receptor (OXTR), solute carrier-family 6 member 4 (SLC6A4) and monoamine oxidase A (MAOA)—and their role in modulating vulnerability to proactive and reactive aggressive behavior. Behavioral genetics and epigenetics are shedding a new light on the fine interaction between genes and environment, by providing a novel tool to understand the molecular events that underlie aggression. Overall, the findings from these studies carry important implications not only for neuroscience, but also for social sciences, including ethics, philosophy and law.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Palumbo
- Department of Surgical, Medical, Molecular Pathology and Critical Care, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Veronica Mariotti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Pellegrini
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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48
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Hwang IW, Lim MH, Kwon HJ, Jin HJ. Association of Monoamine Oxidase A ( MAOA) Gene uVNTR and rs6323 Polymorphisms with Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder in Korean Children. Medicina (Kaunas) 2018; 54:E32. [PMID: 30344263 PMCID: PMC6122096 DOI: 10.3390/medicina54030032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2018] [Revised: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common neurodevelopmental disorder. The genetic cause of ADHD is still unclear, but the dopaminergic, serotonergic, and noradrenergic pathways have shown a strong association. In particular, monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) plays an important role in the catabolism of these neurotransmitters, suggesting that the MAOA gene is associated with ADHD. Therefore, we evaluated the relationship between the MAOA gene polymorphisms (uVNTR and rs6323) and ADHD. Materials and methods: We collected a total of 472 Korean children (150 ADHD cases and 322 controls) using the Korean version of the Dupaul Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Rating Scales (K-ARS). Genotyping was performed by PCR and PCR-RFLP. The Behavior Assessment System for Children Second Edition (BASC-2) was used to evaluate the problem behaviors within ADHD children. Results: We observed significant associations between the rs6323 and ADHD in girls (p < 0.05) and the TT genotype was observed as a protective factor against ADHD in the recessive model (OR 0.31, 95% CI 0.100⁻0.950, p = 0.022). The 3.5R-G haplotype showed a significant association in ADHD boys (p = 0.043). The analysis of subtype also revealed that the 4.5R allele of uVNTR was a risk factor for the development of ADHD in the combined symptom among girls (OR 1.87, 95% CI 1.014⁻3.453, p = 0.031). In the BASC-2 analysis, the MAOA uVNTR polymorphism was associated with activities of daily living in ADHD boys (p = 0.017). Conclusion: These results suggest the importance of the MAOA gene polymorphisms in the development of ADHD in Korean children. A larger sample set and functional studies are required to further elucidate of our findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- In Wook Hwang
- Environmental Health Center, Dankook Medical Hospital, Cheonan, 31116, Korea.
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Korea.
| | - Myung Ho Lim
- Environmental Health Center, Dankook Medical Hospital, Cheonan, 31116, Korea.
- Department of Psychology, College of Public Welfare, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Korea.
| | - Ho Jang Kwon
- Environmental Health Center, Dankook Medical Hospital, Cheonan, 31116, Korea.
- Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Korea.
| | - Han Jun Jin
- Environmental Health Center, Dankook Medical Hospital, Cheonan, 31116, Korea.
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Natural Science, Dankook University, Cheonan, 31116, Korea.
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49
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Pehme PM, Zhang W, Finik J, Pritchett A, Buthmann J, Dana K, Hao K, Nomura Y. Placental MAOA expression mediates prenatal stress effects on temperament in 12-month-olds. Infant Child Dev 2018; 27. [PMID: 30505241 DOI: 10.1002/icd.2094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The placenta adapts to maternal environment and its alterations may have a lasting impact on child's temperament development. Prenatal stress has been linked to both a downregulation of monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) gene expression in the placenta and to difficult temperament. Capitalizing on an ongoing longitudinal study, we analysed data from 95 mother-child dyads to investigate whether MAOA mediates the association between prenatal stress and infant temperament. Prenatal stress was defined as exposure to Superstorm Sandy (Sandy) during pregnancy. Infant temperament was measured by Infant Behaviour Questionnaire-Revised. MAOA gene expression was quantified in placenta tissue. The Smiling and Laughter subscale score was independently associated with Sandy exposure and MAOA placental gene expression. Mediation analysis confirmed that MAOA expression partially mediated the relationship between Sandy and Smiling and Laughter subscale, suggesting that in utero exposure to Sandy could induce lower frequency of smiling and laughter via downregulation of placental MAOA gene expression. These effects could compromise optimal temperamental trajectory and contribute to risk for psychological problems. Placental epigenetic markers can contribute to a multidimensional model of early intervention for high-risk children.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia M Pehme
- Clinical Psychology Program, The Graduate Center (CUNY), New York, New York, USA.,Department of Psychology, Queens College (CUNY), New York, New York, USA
| | - Wei Zhang
- Clinical Psychology Program, The Graduate Center (CUNY), New York, New York, USA.,Department of Psychology, Queens College (CUNY), New York, New York, USA
| | - Jackie Finik
- Department of Psychology, Queens College (CUNY), New York, New York, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,CUNY Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, New York, New York, USA
| | - Alexandra Pritchett
- Clinical Psychology Program, The Graduate Center (CUNY), New York, New York, USA.,Department of Psychology, Queens College (CUNY), New York, New York, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jessica Buthmann
- Department of Psychology, Queens College (CUNY), New York, New York, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience Program, The Graduate Center (CUNY), New York, New York, USA
| | - Kathryn Dana
- Clinical Psychology Program, The Graduate Center (CUNY), New York, New York, USA.,Department of Psychology, Queens College (CUNY), New York, New York, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ke Hao
- Department of Genetics and Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Yoko Nomura
- Clinical Psychology Program, The Graduate Center (CUNY), New York, New York, USA.,Department of Psychology, Queens College (CUNY), New York, New York, USA.,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.,CUNY Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy, New York, New York, USA.,Behavioral and Cognitive Neuroscience Program, The Graduate Center (CUNY), New York, New York, USA
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Manca M, Pessoa V, Lopez AI, Harrison PT, Miyajima F, Sharp H, Pickles A, Hill J, Murgatroyd C, Bubb VJ, Quinn JP. The Regulation of Monoamine Oxidase A Gene Expression by Distinct Variable Number Tandem Repeats. J Mol Neurosci 2018; 64:459-70. [PMID: 29542091 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-018-1044-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) uVNTR (upstream variable number tandem repeat) is one of the most often cited examples of a gene by environment interaction (GxE) in relation to behavioral traits. However, MAOA possesses a second VNTR, 500 bp upstream of the uVNTR, which is termed d- or distal VNTR. Furthermore, genomic analysis indicates that there are a minimum of two transcriptional start sites (TSSs) for MAOA, one of which encompasses the uVNTR within the 5′ untranslated region of one of the isoforms. Through expression analysis in semi-haploid HAP1 cell lines genetically engineered in order to knockout (KO) either the uVNTR, dVNTR, or both VNTRs, we assessed the effect of the two MAOA VNTRs, either alone or in combination, on gene expression directed from the different TSSs. Complementing our functional analysis, we determined the haplotype variation of these VNTRs in the general population. The expression of the two MAOA isoforms was differentially modulated by the two VNTRs located in the promoter region. The most extensively studied uVNTR, previously considered a positive regulator of the MAOA gene, did not modulate the expression of what it is considered the canonical isoform, while we found that the dVNTR positively regulated this isoform in our model. In contrast, both the uVNTR and the dVNTR were found to act as negative regulators of the second less abundant MAOA isoform. The haplotype analysis for these two VNTRs demonstrated a bias against the presence of one of the potential variants. The uVNTR and dVNTR differentially affect expression of distinct MAOA isoforms, and thus, their combined profiling offers new insights into gene-regulation, GxE interaction, and ultimately MAOA-driven behavior.
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