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Quigley NG, Zierke MA, Ludwig BS, Richter F, Nguyen NT, Reissig F, Šimeček J, Kossatz S, Notni J. The importance of tyrosines in multimers of cyclic RGD nonapeptides: towards αvβ6-integrin targeted radiotherapeutics. RSC Med Chem 2024; 15:2018-2029. [PMID: 38911160 PMCID: PMC11187563 DOI: 10.1039/d4md00073k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Abstract
In a recent paper in this journal (RSC Med. Chem., 2023, 14, 2429), we described an unusually strong impact of regiospecific exchange of phenylalanines by tyrosines in 10 gallium-68-labeled trimers of certain cyclic RGD peptides, c[XRGDLAXp(NMe)K] (X = F or Y), on non-specific organ uptakes. We found that there was, in part, no correlation of liver uptake with established polarity proxies, such as the octanol-water distribution coefficient (log D). Since this observation could not be explained straightforwardly, we suggested that the symmetry of the compounds had resulted in a synergistic interaction of certain components of the macromolecules. In the present work, we investigated whether a comparable effect also occurred for a series of 5 tetramers labeled with lutetium-177. We found that in contrast to the trimers, liver uptake of the tetramers was well correlated to their polarity, indicating that the unusual observations along the trimer series indeed was a unique feature, probably related to their particular symmetry. Since the Lu-177 labeled tetramers are also potential agents for treatment of a variety of αvβ6-integrin expressing cancers, these were evaluated in mice bearing human lung adenocarcinoma xenografts. Due to their tumor-specific uptake and retention in biodistribution and SPECT imaging experiments, these compounds are considered a step forward on the way to αvβ6-integrin-targeted anticancer agents. Furthermore, we noticed that the presence of tyrosines in general had a positive impact on the in vivo performance of our peptide multimers. In view of the fact that a corresponding rule was already proposed in the context of protein engineering, we argue in favor of considering peptide multimers as a special class of small or medium-sized proteins. In summary, we contend that the performance of peptide multimers is less determined by the in vitro characteristics (particularly, affinity and selectivity) of monomers, but rather by the peptides' suitability for the overall macromolecular design concept, and peptides containing tyrosines are preferred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil Gerard Quigley
- Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine and Health, Technische Universität München Munich Germany
| | | | - Beatrice Stefanie Ludwig
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Klinikum Rechts der Isar and Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research, (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine and Health, Technische Universität München Munich Germany
| | - Frauke Richter
- Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine and Health, Technische Universität München Munich Germany
| | - Nghia Trong Nguyen
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Klinikum Rechts der Isar and Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research, (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine and Health, Technische Universität München Munich Germany
| | - Falco Reissig
- TRIMT GmbH Carl-Eschebach-Str. 7 D-01454 Radeberg Germany
| | - Jakub Šimeček
- TRIMT GmbH Carl-Eschebach-Str. 7 D-01454 Radeberg Germany
| | - Susanne Kossatz
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Klinikum Rechts der Isar and Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research, (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine and Health, Technische Universität München Munich Germany
| | - Johannes Notni
- Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine and Health, Technische Universität München Munich Germany
- TRIMT GmbH Carl-Eschebach-Str. 7 D-01454 Radeberg Germany
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Quigley NG, Steiger K, Färber SF, Richter F, Weichert W, Notni J. Sensitive Positron Emission Tomography Imaging of PD-L1 Expression in Human Breast and Lung Carcinoma Xenografts Using the Radiometalated Peptide Ga-68-TRAP-WL12. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:1827-1837. [PMID: 38291706 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c01128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Noninvasive imaging of the immune checkpoint protein programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1; synonyms: CD274, B7-H1) holds great promise to improve patient selection and, thus, response rates for immune checkpoint therapy (ICT) with monoclonal antibodies targeting the PD1/PD-L1 axis. The PD-L1 specific peptide WL12 (cyclo(AcY-(NMe)A-N-P-H-L-Hyp-W-S-W(Me)-(NMe)Nle-(NMe)Nle-O-C)-G-NH2) was functionalized with the Gallium-68 chelator TRAP by means of click chemistry (CuAAC). The resulting conjugate TRAP-WL12 was labeled with Gallium-68 within 16 min, with approximately 90% radiochemical yield and 99% radiochemical purity, affording Ga-68-TRAP-WL12 with molar activities typically exceeding 100 MBq/nmol. This radiotracer was characterized by positron emission tomography (PET) imaging and ex vivo biodistribution in murine xenografts of nontransfected PD-L1 expressing tumor cell lines, MDA-MB-231 (human breast carcinoma), and H2009 (human lung adenocarcinoma). It showed a favorable biodistribution profile with rapid renal clearance and low background (tumor-to-blood ratio = 26.6, 3 h p.i.). Conjugation of the Ga-68-TRAP moiety to WL12 successfully mitigated the nonspecific uptake of this peptide in organs, particularly the liver. This was demonstrated by comparing Ga-68-TRAP-WL12 with the archetypical Ga-68-DOTA-WL12, for which tumor-to-liver ratios of 1.4 and 0.5, respectively, were found. Although immunohistochemistry (IHC) revealed a low PD-L1 expression in MDA-MB-213 and H2009 xenografts that corresponds well to the clinical situation, PET showed high tumor uptakes (6.6 and 7.3% injected activity per gram of tissue (iA/g), respectively) for Ga-68-TRAP-WL12. Thus, this tracer has the potential for routine clinical PD-L1 PET imaging because it detects even very low PD-L1 expression densities with high sensitivity and may open an avenue to replace PD-L1 IHC of biopsies as the standard means to select potential responders for ICT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil Gerard Quigley
- Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, Technische Universität München, Trogerstr. 18, München D-81675, Germany
| | - Katja Steiger
- Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, Technische Universität München, Trogerstr. 18, München D-81675, Germany
| | - Stefanie Felicitas Färber
- Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, Technische Universität München, Trogerstr. 18, München D-81675, Germany
| | - Frauke Richter
- Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, Technische Universität München, Trogerstr. 18, München D-81675, Germany
| | - Wilko Weichert
- Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, Technische Universität München, Trogerstr. 18, München D-81675, Germany
| | - Johannes Notni
- Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, Technische Universität München, Trogerstr. 18, München D-81675, Germany
- TRIMT GmbH, Carl-Eschebach-Str. 7, Radeberg D-01454, Germany
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Böhnke N, Indrevoll B, Hammer S, Papple A, Kristian A, Briem H, Celik A, Mumberg D, Cuthbertson A, Zitzmann-Kolbe S. Mono- and multimeric PSMA-targeting small molecule-thorium-227 conjugates for optimized efficacy and biodistribution in preclinical models. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2024; 51:669-680. [PMID: 37882848 PMCID: PMC10796422 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-023-06474-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE PSMA (prostate-specific membrane antigen) is highly expressed on prostate cancer (PrCa) cells and extensively used as a homing target for PrCa treatment. Most prominently, PSMA-targeting conjugate PSMA-617, carrying a DOTA chelator and labeled with therapeutic radionuclides like beta-emitting lutetium-177 or alpha-emitting actinium-225, has shown clinical activity in PrCa patients. We sought to develop PSMA-targeting small molecule (SMOL) conjugates that show high uptake in PSMA-expressing tumors and fast clearance, and can easily be labeled with the alpha emitter thorium-227 (half-life 18.7 days). METHODS A novel linker motif with improved competition against 3H-PSMA-617 on PSMA-expressing LNCaP cells was identified. A 2,3-hydroxypyridinone chelator modified with carboxyl groups (carboxy-HOPO) with increased hydrophilicity and robust labeling with thorium-227 was developed and allowed the synthesis of mono-, di-, tri-, and tetrameric conjugates. The resulting monomeric and multimeric PSMA SMOL-TTCs (targeted thorium conjugate) were evaluated for cellular binding, internalization, and antiproliferative activity. The in vivo antitumor efficacy of the PSMA SMOL-TTCs was determined in ST1273 and KUCaP-1 PrCa models in mice, and their biodistribution was assessed in cynomolgus monkeys, minipigs, and mice. RESULTS The monomeric and multimeric PSMA SMOL conjugates were readily labeled with thorium-227 at room temperature and possessed high stability and good binding, internalization, and antiproliferative activity in vitro. In vivo, the monomeric, dimeric, and trimeric PSMA SMOL-TTCs showed fast clearance, potent antitumor efficacy, and high uptake and retention in prostate tumors in mice. No major uptake or retention in other organs was observed beyond kidneys. Low uptake of free thorium-227 into bone confirmed high complex stability in vivo. Salivary gland uptake remained inconclusive as mini pigs were devalidated as a relevant model and imaging controls failed in cynomolgus monkeys. CONCLUSION Monomeric and multimeric PSMA SMOL-TTCs show high tumor uptake and fast clearance in preclinical models and warrant further therapeutic exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niels Böhnke
- Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 13342, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Hans Briem
- Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 13342, Berlin, Germany
| | - Arif Celik
- Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 13342, Berlin, Germany
| | - Dominik Mumberg
- Pharmaceuticals, Bayer AG, 13342, Berlin, Germany
- Adcendo ApS, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Huang SS, DiFilippo FP, Lindner DJ, Heston WD. A novel PSMA-targeting tracer with highly negatively charged linker demonstrates decreased salivary gland uptake in mice compared to [ 68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11. EJNMMI Radiopharm Chem 2024; 9:7. [PMID: 38289450 PMCID: PMC10828251 DOI: 10.1186/s41181-024-00237-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current generation of radiolabeled PSMA-targeting therapeutic agents is limited by prominent salivary gland binding, which results in dose-limiting xerostomia from radiation exposure. JB-1498 is a urea-based small molecule with a highly negatively charged linker targeting prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA). Prior work on a similar tracer with the same negatively charged linker demonstrated low normal organ/soft tissue background uptake compared to [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11. The purpose of this study was to investigate if [68Ga]Ga-JB-1498 had reduced salivary gland uptake in mice compared to [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11. RESULTS JB-1498 demonstrated high affinity for PSMA binding and tumor uptake in a murine tumor model. In an initial biodistribution study with low molar activity, [68Ga]Ga-JB-1498 demonstrated salivary gland uptake of 0.13 ± 0.01%ID/g. In a second biodistribution study in non-tumor-bearing mice with high molar activity, [68Ga]Ga-JB1498 demonstrated salivary gland uptake of 0.39 ± 0.24% ID/g and kidney activity of 10.12 ± 1.73% ID/g at one hour post IV injection. This salivary gland uptake is significantly less than the published uptake of [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11. Micro-PET visually confirmed the findings of the biodistribution studies. Dynamic micro-PET imaging demonstrated gradually decreasing [68Ga]Ga-JB1498 activity in salivary glands and kidneys, compared to gradually increasing [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11 activity in these two organs during the first hour. CONCLUSION Biodistribution and micro-PET imaging of [68Ga]Ga-JB-1498 demonstrate significantly decreased salivary gland uptake and different pharmacokinetic behavior in kidneys and salivary glands in mice compared to [68Ga]Ga-PSMA-11. Our findings suggest that constructing a PSMA-targeting molecule with a highly negatively charged linker is a promising strategy to reduce salivary gland uptake of GCP-II/PSMA ligands in theranostic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steve S Huang
- Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA.
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, 13400 E. Shea Blvd., Scottsdale, AZ, 85259, USA.
| | | | | | - Warren D Heston
- Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH, 44195, USA
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Quigley NG, Richter F, Kossatz S, Notni J. Complexity of αvβ6-integrin targeting RGD peptide trimers: emergence of non-specific binding by synergistic interaction. RSC Med Chem 2023; 14:2564-2573. [PMID: 38099056 PMCID: PMC10718521 DOI: 10.1039/d3md00365e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Multimerization is an established strategy to design bioactive macromolecules with enhanced avidity, which has been widely employed to increase the target-specific binding and uptake of imaging probes and pharmaceuticals. However, the factors governing the general biodistribution of multimeric probes are less well understood but are nonetheless decisive for their clinical application. We found that regiospecific exchange of phenylalanine by tyrosine (chemically equivalent to addition of single oxygen atoms) can have an unexpected, dramatic impact on the in vivo behavior of gallium-68 labeled αvβ6-integrin binding peptides trimers. For example, introduction of one and two Tyr, equivalent to just 1 and 2 additional oxygens and molecular weight increases of 0.38% and 0.76% for our >4 kDa constructs, reduced non-specific liver uptake by 50% and 72%, respectively. The observed effect did not correlate to established polarity measures such as log D, and generally defies explanation by reductionist approaches. We conclude that multimers should be viewed not just as molecular combinations of peptides whose properties simply add up, but as whole entities with higher intrinsic complexity and thus a strong tendency to exhibit newly emerged properties that, on principle, cannot be predicted from the characteristics of the monomers used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil Gerard Quigley
- Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, Technische Universität München Trogerstr. 18 D-81675 München Germany
| | - Frauke Richter
- Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, Technische Universität München Trogerstr. 18 D-81675 München Germany
| | - Susanne Kossatz
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Klinikum Rechts der Isar and Central Institute for Translational Cancer Research, (TranslaTUM), School of Medicine, Technische Universität München Munich Germany
| | - Johannes Notni
- Institute of Pathology, School of Medicine, Technische Universität München Trogerstr. 18 D-81675 München Germany
- TRIMT GmbH Carl-Eschebach-Str. 7 D-01454 Radeberg Germany
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Bezverkhniaia E, Kanellopoulos P, Abouzayed A, Larkina M, Oroujeni M, Vorobyeva A, Rosenström U, Tolmachev V, Orlova A. Preclinical Evaluation of a Novel High-Affinity Radioligand [ 99mTc]Tc-BQ0413 Targeting Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA). Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17391. [PMID: 38139219 PMCID: PMC10743726 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Radionuclide imaging using radiolabeled inhibitors of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) can be used for the staging of prostate cancer. Previously, we optimized the Glu-urea-Lys binding moiety using a linker structure containing 2-napththyl-L-alanine and L-tyrosine. We have now designed a molecule that contains mercaptoacetyl-triglutamate chelator for labeling with Tc-99m (designated as BQ0413). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the imaging properties of [99mTc]Tc-BQ0413. PSMA-transfected PC3-pip cells were used to evaluate the specificity and affinity of [99mTc]Tc-BQ0413 binding in vitro. PC3-pip tumor-bearing BALB/C nu/nu mice were used as an in vivo model. [99mTc]Tc-BQ0413 bound specifically to PC3-pip cells with an affinity of 33 ± 15 pM. In tumor-bearing mice, the tumor uptake of [99mTc]Tc-BQ0413 (38 ± 6 %IA/g in PC3-pip 3 h after the injection of 40 pmol) was dependent on PSMA expression (3 ± 2 %IA/g and 0.9 ± 0.3 %IA/g in PSMA-negative PC-3 and SKOV-3 tumors, respectively). We show that both unlabeled BQ0413 and the commonly used binder PSMA-11 enable the blocking of [99mTc]Tc-BQ0413 uptake in normal PSMA-expressing tissues without blocking the uptake in tumors. This resulted in an appreciable increase in tumor-to-organ ratios. At the same injected mass (5 nmol), the use of BQ0413 was more efficient in suppressing renal uptake than the use of PSMA-11. In conclusion, [99mTc]Tc-BQ0413 is a promising probe for the visualization of PSMA-positive lesions using single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Bezverkhniaia
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden; (E.B.); (P.K.); (A.A.); (U.R.)
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634009 Tomsk, Russia;
- Scientific and Research Laboratory of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Panagiotis Kanellopoulos
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden; (E.B.); (P.K.); (A.A.); (U.R.)
| | - Ayman Abouzayed
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden; (E.B.); (P.K.); (A.A.); (U.R.)
| | - Mariia Larkina
- Research Centrum for Oncotheranostics, Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634009 Tomsk, Russia;
- Scientific and Research Laboratory of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research, Siberian State Medical University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Maryam Oroujeni
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden; (M.O.); (A.V.); (V.T.)
- Affibody AB, 171 65 Solna, Sweden
| | - Anzhelika Vorobyeva
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden; (M.O.); (A.V.); (V.T.)
| | - Ulrika Rosenström
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden; (E.B.); (P.K.); (A.A.); (U.R.)
| | - Vladimir Tolmachev
- Department of Immunology, Genetics and Pathology, Uppsala University, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden; (M.O.); (A.V.); (V.T.)
| | - Anna Orlova
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden; (E.B.); (P.K.); (A.A.); (U.R.)
- Science for Life Laboratory, Uppsala University, 752 37 Uppsala, Sweden
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Galbiati A, Dorten P, Gilardoni E, Gierse F, Bocci M, Zana A, Mock J, Claesener M, Cufe J, Büther F, Schäfers K, Hermann S, Schäfers M, Neri D, Cazzamalli S, Backhaus P. Tumor-Targeted Interleukin 2 Boosts the Anticancer Activity of FAP-Directed Radioligand Therapeutics. J Nucl Med 2023; 64:1934-1940. [PMID: 37734838 PMCID: PMC10690118 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.123.266007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
We studied the antitumor efficacy of a combination of 177Lu-labeled radioligand therapeutics targeting the fibroblast activation protein (FAP) (OncoFAP and BiOncoFAP) with the antibody-cytokine fusion protein L19-interleukin 2 (L19-IL2) providing targeted delivery of interleukin 2 to tumors. Methods: The biodistribution of 177Lu-OncoFAP and 177Lu-BiOncoFAP at different molar amounts (3 vs. 250 nmol/kg) of injected ligand was studied via SPECT/CT in mice bearing subcutaneous HT-1080.hFAP tumors, and self-absorbed tumor and organ doses were calculated. The in vivo anticancer effect of 5 MBq of the radiolabeled preparations was evaluated as monotherapy or in combination with L19-IL2 in subcutaneously implanted HT-1080.hFAP and SK-RC-52.hFAP tumors. Tumor samples from animals treated with 177Lu-BiOncoFAP, L19-IL2, or both were analyzed by mass spectrometry-based proteomics to identify therapeutic signatures on cellular and stromal markers of cancer and on immunomodulatory targets. Results: 177Lu-BiOncoFAP led to a significantly higher self-absorbed dose in FAP-positive tumors (0.293 ± 0.123 Gy/MBq) than did 177Lu-OncoFAP (0.157 ± 0.047 Gy/MBq, P = 0.01) and demonstrated favorable tumor-to-organ ratios at high molar amounts of injected ligand. Administration of L19-IL2 or 177Lu-BiOncoFAP as single agents led to cancer cures in only a limited number of treated animals. In 177Lu-BiOncoFAP-plus-L19-IL2 combination therapy, complete remissions were observed in all injected mice (7/7 complete remissions for the HT-1080.hFAP model, and 4/4 complete remissions for the SK-RC-52.hFAP model), suggesting therapeutic synergy. Proteomic studies revealed a mechanism of action based on the activation of natural killer cells, with a significant enhancement of the expression of granzymes and perforin 1 in the tumor microenvironment after combination treatment. Conclusion: The combination of OncoFAP-based radioligand therapeutics with concurrent targeting of interleukin 2 shows synergistic anticancer effects in the treatment of FAP-positive tumors. This experimental finding should be corroborated by future clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Galbiati
- Research and Development Department, Philochem AG, Otelfingen, Switzerland
| | - Paulina Dorten
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Ettore Gilardoni
- Research and Development Department, Philochem AG, Otelfingen, Switzerland
| | - Florian Gierse
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Matilde Bocci
- Research and Development Department, Philochem AG, Otelfingen, Switzerland
| | - Aureliano Zana
- Research and Development Department, Philochem AG, Otelfingen, Switzerland
| | - Jacqueline Mock
- Research and Development Department, Philochem AG, Otelfingen, Switzerland
| | - Michael Claesener
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Juela Cufe
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Florian Büther
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Klaus Schäfers
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Sven Hermann
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Michael Schäfers
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of Münster, Münster, Germany
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
- West German Cancer Centre, Münster, Germany
| | - Dario Neri
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland; and
- Philogen S.p.A., Siena, Italy
| | - Samuele Cazzamalli
- Research and Development Department, Philochem AG, Otelfingen, Switzerland;
| | - Philipp Backhaus
- European Institute for Molecular Imaging, University of Münster, Münster, Germany;
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
- West German Cancer Centre, Münster, Germany
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8
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Bauer D, Cornejo MA, Hoang TT, Lewis JS, Zeglis BM. Click Chemistry and Radiochemistry: An Update. Bioconjug Chem 2023; 34:1925-1950. [PMID: 37737084 PMCID: PMC10655046 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.3c00286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
The term "click chemistry" describes a class of organic transformations that were developed to make chemical synthesis simpler and easier, in essence allowing chemists to combine molecular subunits as if they were puzzle pieces. Over the last 25 years, the click chemistry toolbox has swelled from the canonical copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition to encompass an array of ligations, including bioorthogonal variants, such as the strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition and the inverse electron-demand Diels-Alder reaction. Without question, the rise of click chemistry has impacted all areas of chemical and biological science. Yet the unique traits of radiopharmaceutical chemistry have made it particularly fertile ground for this technology. In this update, we seek to provide a comprehensive guide to recent developments at the intersection of click chemistry and radiopharmaceutical chemistry and to illuminate several exciting trends in the field, including the use of emergent click transformations in radiosynthesis, the clinical translation of novel probes synthesized using click chemistry, and the advent of click-based in vivo pretargeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Bauer
- Department
of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer
Center, New York, New York 10021, United States
| | - Mike A. Cornejo
- Department
of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer
Center, New York, New York 10021, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Hunter College, City University
of New York, New York, New York 10065, United States
- Ph.D.
Program in Chemistry, Graduate Center of
the City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Tran T. Hoang
- Department
of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer
Center, New York, New York 10021, United States
- Department
of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Jason S. Lewis
- Department
of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer
Center, New York, New York 10021, United States
- Department
of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York 10021, New York United States
| | - Brian M. Zeglis
- Department
of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer
Center, New York, New York 10021, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Hunter College, City University
of New York, New York, New York 10065, United States
- Ph.D.
Program in Chemistry, Graduate Center of
the City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, United States
- Department
of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York 10065, United States
- Department
of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York 10021, New York United States
- Ph.D.
Program
in Biochemistry, Graduate Center of the
City University of New York, New
York, New York 10016, United States
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Molavipordanjani S, Mousavi T, Khorramimoghaddam A, Talebpour Amiri F, Abedi SM, Hosseinimehr SJ. The preclinical study of 177Lu-DOTA-LTVSPWY as a potential therapeutic agent against HER2 overexpressed cancer. Ann Nucl Med 2023:10.1007/s12149-023-01839-8. [PMID: 37115407 DOI: 10.1007/s12149-023-01839-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) has evolved in cancer therapy and diagnosis. LTVSPWY, as a peptide, can target HER2 receptor; on the other hand, 177Lu emits β- which is helpful for cancer therapy. The radiolabeling of LTVSPWY with 177Lu results in a therapeutic agent (177Lu-DOTA-LTVSPWY) capable of cancer treatment. METHODS 177Lu-DOTA-LTVSPWY was prepared with high radiochemical purity (RCP). The stability was investigated in saline and human serum. The radiotracer affinity toward the SKOV-3 cell line with overexpression of the HER2 receptor was evaluated. Then the impact of the radiotracer on the colony formation of the SKOV-3 cell line was investigated with colony assay. Moreover, the biodistribution of this radiotracer in SKOV-3 xenograft tumor-bearing nude mice were also studied to determine the radiotracer accumulation in the tumor site. The mice were treated with 177Lu-DOTA-LTVSPWY and subjected to histopathological evaluation. RESULTS The RCP of 177Lu-DOTA-LTVSPWY after radiolabeling and stability tests was more than 97.7%. The radiotracer displayed high affinity toward the SKOV-3 cell line (KD = 6.6 ± 3.2 nM). Treatment of the SKOV-3 cell line with the radiotracer reduces the SKOV-3 colony survival to less than 3% for 5 MBq of the radiotracer. Tumor-to-muscle (T/M) ratio is the highest at 48 h and 1 h post-injection (2.3 and 4.75, respectively). The histopathological study also confirms the cellular damage to the tumor tissue. CONCLUSIONS 177Lu-DOTA-LTVSPWY can recognize HER2 receptors in vivo and in vitro; hence, it can serve as a therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Molavipordanjani
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Hemoglobinopathy Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Tahoora Mousavi
- Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center (MCBRC), Hemoglobinopathy Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Alireza Khorramimoghaddam
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Allied Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Fereshteh Talebpour Amiri
- Department of Anatomy, Molecular and Cell Biology Research, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Seyed Mohammad Abedi
- Department of Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Seyed Jalal Hosseinimehr
- Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
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10
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A proof of principle study using radiopharmaceuticals to quantify and localize container-content interactions in medical syringes. Sci Rep 2023; 13:2721. [PMID: 36792806 PMCID: PMC9932089 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29923-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The sorption of drugs onto their contents is a known phenomenon that is difficult to analyse precisely. The purpose of this study was to present a non-invasive method for locating and quantifying sorption phenomena using radiopharmaceuticals. Radiopharmaceutical are medicines armed with a radionuclide enabling quantification and imaging using dedicated scanners. The sorption of nine different radiopharmaceuticals on 2- and 3-part syringes was investigated. These syringes were filled with the studied radiopharmaceutical solutions and stored immobile for 3 h. At different times ranging from 0 to 180 min, 10 µL were taken from the syringes and the radioactivity of these samples was determined by a gamma counter. 5 radiopharmaceuticals exhibited no significant sorption at any time point in both 2 and 3-parts syringes, but 4 radiopharmaceuticals exhibited sorption losses varying from 20 to 33% after 3 h contact with 3-part-syringes, but no sorption on 2-part syringes at any time point. [99mTc]Tc-tetrofosmine Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography/Computed Tomography imaging indicated clearly that the interactions were located on the rubber plunger of the 3-part-syringes. The specific nature of radiopharmaceuticals allowed their use as an innovative method to quantify and localize drug sorption phenomena.
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11
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Modern Developments in Bifunctional Chelator Design for Gallium Radiopharmaceuticals. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 28:molecules28010203. [PMID: 36615397 PMCID: PMC9822085 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The positron-emitting radionuclide gallium-68 has become increasingly utilised in both preclinical and clinical settings with positron emission tomography (PET). The synthesis of radiochemically pure gallium-68 radiopharmaceuticals relies on careful consideration of the coordination chemistry. The short half-life of 68 min necessitates rapid quantitative radiolabelling (≤10 min). Desirable radiolabelling conditions include near-neutral pH, ambient temperatures, and low chelator concentrations to achieve the desired apparent molar activity. This review presents a broad overview of the requirements of an efficient bifunctional chelator in relation to the aqueous coordination chemistry of gallium. Developments in bifunctional chelator design and application are then presented and grouped according to eight categories of bifunctional chelator: the macrocyclic chelators DOTA and TACN; the acyclic HBED, pyridinecarboxylates, siderophores, tris(hydroxypyridinones), and DTPA; and the mesocyclic diazepines.
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12
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Meher N, Ashley GW, Bidkar AP, Dhrona S, Fong C, Fontaine SD, Beckford Vera DR, Wilson DM, Seo Y, Santi DV, VanBrocklin HF, Flavell RR. Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen Targeted Deep Tumor Penetration of Polymer Nanocarriers. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:50569-50582. [PMID: 36318757 PMCID: PMC9673064 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c15095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Tumoral uptake of large-size nanoparticles is mediated by the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect, with variable accumulation and heterogenous tumor tissue penetration depending on the tumor phenotype. The performance of nanocarriers via specific targeting has the potential to improve imaging contrast and therapeutic efficacy in vivo with increased deep tissue penetration. To address this hypothesis, we designed and synthesized prostate cancer-targeting starPEG nanocarriers (40 kDa, 15 nm), [89Zr]PEG-(DFB)3(ACUPA)1 and [89Zr]PEG-(DFB)1(ACUPA)3, with one or three prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeting ACUPA ligands. The in vitro PSMA binding affinity and in vivo pharmacokinetics of the targeted nanocarriers were compared with a nontargeted starPEG, [89Zr]PEG-(DFB)4, in PSMA+ PC3-Pip and PSMA- PC3-Flu cells, and xenografts. Increasing the number of ACUPA ligands improved the in vitro binding affinity of PEG-derived polymers to PC3-Pip cells. While both PSMA-targeted nanocarriers significantly improved tissue penetration in PC3-Pip tumors, the multivalent [89Zr]PEG-(DFB)1(ACUPA)3 showed a remarkably higher PC3-Pip/blood ratio and background clearance. In contrast, the nontargeted [89Zr]PEG-(DFB)4 showed low EPR-mediated accumulation with poor tumor tissue penetration. Overall, ACUPA conjugated targeted starPEGs significantly improve tumor retention with deep tumor tissue penetration in low EPR PC3-Pip xenografts. These data suggest that PSMA targeting with multivalent ACUPA ligands may be a generally applicable strategy to increase nanocarrier delivery to prostate cancer. These targeted multivalent nanocarriers with high tumor binding and low healthy tissue retention could be employed in imaging and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niranjan Meher
- Department
of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University
of California, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Gary W. Ashley
- ProLynx
Inc., San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Anil P. Bidkar
- Department
of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University
of California, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Suchi Dhrona
- Department
of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University
of California, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - Cyril Fong
- Department
of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University
of California, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | | | - Denis R. Beckford Vera
- Department
of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University
of California, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
| | - David M. Wilson
- Department
of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University
of California, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
- Helen
Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143-0981, United States
| | - Youngho Seo
- Department
of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University
of California, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
- Helen
Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143-0981, United States
| | - Daniel V. Santi
- ProLynx
Inc., San Francisco, California 94158, United States
| | - Henry F. VanBrocklin
- Department
of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University
of California, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
- Helen
Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143-0981, United States
| | - Robert R. Flavell
- Department
of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University
of California, San Francisco, California 94143, United States
- Helen
Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143-0981, United States
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University
of California, San Francisco, California 94158-2517, United States
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13
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Lee SY, Oh HR, Kim YH, Bae SH, Lee Y, Lee YS, Lee BC, Cheon GJ, Kang KW, Youn H. Cerenkov luminescence imaging of interscapular brown adipose tissue using a TSPO-targeting PET probe in the UCP1 ThermoMouse. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:6380-6394. [PMID: 36168637 PMCID: PMC9475450 DOI: 10.7150/thno.74828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Rationale: [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography ([18F]FDG-PET) has been widely used as an imaging technique to measure interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT) activity. However, it is challenging to obtain iBAT-specific images using [18F]FDG-PET because increased uptake of [18F]FDG is observed in tumors, muscle, and inflamed tissues. Uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1) in the mitochondrial membrane, a well-known molecular marker of BAT, has been proposed as a useful BAT imaging marker. Recently, the UCP1 ThermoMouse was developed as a reporter mouse for monitoring UCP1 expression and investigating BAT activation. In addition, Translocator protein-18 kDa (TSPO) located in the outer mitochondrial membrane is also overexpressed in BAT, suggesting that TSPO-targeting PET has potential for iBAT imaging. However, there are no studies monitoring BAT using TSPO-targeting PET probes in the UCP1 ThermoMouse. Moreover, the non-invasive Cerenkov luminescence imaging (CLI) using Cerenkov radiation from the PET probe has been proposed as an alternative option for PET as it is less expensive and user-friendly. Therefore, we selected [18F]fm-PBR28-d2 as a TSPO-targeting PET probe for iBAT imaging to evaluate the usefulness of CLI in the UCP1 ThermoMouse. Methods: UCP1 ThermoMouse was used to monitor UCP1 expression. Western blotting and immunohistochemistry were performed to measure the level of protein expression. [18F]fm-PBR28-d2 and [18F]FDG were used as radioactive probes for iBAT imaging. PET images were acquired with SimPET, and optical images were acquired with IVIS 100. Results: UCP1 ThermoMouse showed that UCP1 and TSPO expressions were correlated in iBAT. In both PET and CLI, the TSPO-targeting probe [18F]fm-PBR28-d2 was superior to [18F]FDG for acquiring iBAT images. The high molar activity of the probe was essential for CLI and PET imaging. We tested the feasibility of TSPO-targeting probe under cold exposure by imaging with TSPO-PET/CLI. Both signals of iBAT were clearly increased after cold stimulation. Under prolonged isoflurane anesthesia, TSPO-targeting images showed higher signals from iBAT in the short-term than in long-term groups. Conclusion: We demonstrated that TSPO-PET/CLI reflected UCP1 expression in iBAT imaging better than [18F]FDG-PET/CLI under the various conditions. Considering convenience and cost, TSPO-CLI could be used as an alternative TSPO-PET technique for iBAT imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok-Yong Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Rim Oh
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Hwa Kim
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Bae
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongseok Lee
- Cancer Imaging Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun-Sang Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Cancer Imaging Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Radiation Medicine Research Institute, Medical Research Center, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Byung Chul Lee
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.,Center for Nanomolecular Imaging and Innovative Drug Development, Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi Jeong Cheon
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Keon Wook Kang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University Graduate School, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyewon Youn
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Cancer Imaging Center, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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14
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Stenberg VY, Tornes AJK, Nilsen HR, Revheim ME, Bruland ØS, Larsen RH, Juzeniene A. Factors Influencing the Therapeutic Efficacy of the PSMA Targeting Radioligand 212Pb-NG001. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14112784. [PMID: 35681766 PMCID: PMC9179904 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14112784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a protein overexpressed in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer and a promising target for targeted radionuclide therapy. PSMA-targeted alpha therapy is of growing interest due to the high-emission energy and short range of alpha particles, resulting in a prominent cytotoxic potency. This study assesses the influence of various factors on the in vitro and in vivo therapeutic efficacy of the alpha particle generating PSMA-targeting radioligand 212Pb-NG001. Abstract This study aimed to determine the influence of cellular PSMA expression, radioligand binding and internalization, and repeated administrations on the therapeutic effects of the PSMA-targeting radioligand 212Pb-NG001. Cellular binding and internalization, cytotoxicity, biodistribution, and the therapeutic efficacy of 212Pb-NG001 were investigated in two human prostate cancer cell lines with different PSMA levels: C4-2 (PSMA+) and PC-3 PIP (PSMA+++). Despite 10-fold higher PSMA expression on PC-3 PIP cells, cytotoxicity and therapeutic efficacy of the radioligand was only 1.8-fold better than for the C4-2 model, possibly explained by lower cellular internalization and less blood-rich stroma in PC-3 PIP xenografts. Mice bearing subcutaneous PC-3 PIP xenografts were treated with 0.2, 0.4, and 0.8 MBq of 212Pb-NG001 that resulted in therapeutic indexes of 2.7, 3.0, and 3.5, respectively. A significant increase in treatment response was observed in mice that received repeated injections compared to the corresponding single dose (therapeutic indexes of 3.6 for 2 × 0.2 MBq and 4.4 for 2 × 0.4 MBq). The results indicate that 212Pb-NG001 can induce therapeutic effects at clinically transferrable doses, both in the C4-2 model that resembles solid tumors and micrometastases with natural PSMA expression and in the PC-3 PIP model that mimics poorly vascularized metastases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vilde Yuli Stenberg
- Department of Radiation Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway; (A.J.K.T.); (A.J.)
- Nucligen AS, 0379 Oslo, Norway;
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway; (M.-E.R.); (Ø.S.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +47-9012-8434
| | - Anna Julie Kjøl Tornes
- Department of Radiation Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway; (A.J.K.T.); (A.J.)
- Nucligen AS, 0379 Oslo, Norway;
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway; (M.-E.R.); (Ø.S.B.)
| | - Hogne Røed Nilsen
- Department of Pathology, Rikshospitalet, Oslo University Hospital, 0372 Oslo, Norway;
| | - Mona-Elisabeth Revheim
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway; (M.-E.R.); (Ø.S.B.)
- Division of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway
| | - Øyvind Sverre Bruland
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway; (M.-E.R.); (Ø.S.B.)
- Department of Oncology, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Asta Juzeniene
- Department of Radiation Biology, Institute for Cancer Research, The Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, 0379 Oslo, Norway; (A.J.K.T.); (A.J.)
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15
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Buckle T, van Willigen DM, Welling MM, van Leeuwen FW. Pre-clinical development of fluorescent tracers and translation towards clinical application. Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-822960-6.00045-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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16
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Chen T, Zhang Q, Song Y, Isak AN, Tang X, Wang H, Ma Z, Sun F, Pan Q, Zhu X. Spatial confinement of chemically engineered cancer cells using large graphene oxide sheets: a new mode of cancer therapy. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2021; 6:979-986. [PMID: 34542134 DOI: 10.1039/d1nh00350j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Treating cancer with high efficacy while eliminating side effects has been the holy grail of cancer research. The challenge, however, arises from the similarity in molecular traits of cancer cells and normal cells because truly specific cancer biomarkers are extremely scarce if not entirely unavailable. Often, biomarkers serving as the therapeutic targets are present on both healthy cells and cancers, but at different levels, causing not only off-target side effects but also on-target side effects. This work has reported a new concept of cancer treatment, spatial confinement of cells to inhibit cell migration and invasion, which directly addresses the defining trait of cancer on the cellular level, unchecked division. Using large sized graphene oxide (LS-GO), cell surfaces can be patched. Unlike conventional chemotherapy, this spatial confinement does not affect the viability of non-dividing cells but significantly inhibits tumor cell migration and invasion in vitro and in vivo. This new concept has the potential to become a general therapeutic for many cancer types with reduced side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianshu Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P. R. China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Diagnostics for Pediatrics, Shanghai 200127, P. R. China
| | - Qianqian Zhang
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Yuchen Song
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Albertina N Isak
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Xiaochen Tang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P. R. China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Diagnostics for Pediatrics, Shanghai 200127, P. R. China
| | - Hao Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, P. R. China.
| | - Zhongliang Ma
- School of Life Sciences, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, P. R. China
| | - Fenyong Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, P. R. China.
| | - Qiuhui Pan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200127, P. R. China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Clinical Molecular Diagnostics for Pediatrics, Shanghai 200127, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoli Zhu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, P. R. China.
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17
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Impact of the molar activity and PSMA expression level on [ 18F]AlF-PSMA-11 uptake in prostate cancer. Sci Rep 2021; 11:22623. [PMID: 34799653 PMCID: PMC8604919 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-02104-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
This two-part preclinical study aims to evaluate prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) as a valuable target for expression-based imaging applications and to determine changes in target binding in function of varying apparent molar activities (MAapp) of [18F]AlF-PSMA-11. For the evaluation of PSMA expression levels, male NOD/SCID mice bearing prostate cancer (PCa) xenografts of C4-2 (PSMA+++), 22Rv1 (PSMA+) and PC-3 (PSMA−) were administered [18F]AlF-PSMA-11 with a medium MAapp (20.24 ± 3.22 MBq/nmol). SUVmean and SUVmax values were respectively 3.22 and 3.17 times higher for the high versus low PSMA expressing tumors (p < 0.0001). To evaluate the effect of varying MAapp, C4-2 and 22Rv1 xenograft bearing mice underwent additional [18F]AlF-PSMA-11 imaging with a high (211.2 ± 38.9 MBq/nmol) and/or low MAapp (1.92 ± 0.27 MBq/nmol). SUV values showed a significantly increasing trend with higher MAapp. Significant changes were found for SUVmean and SUVmax between the high versus low MAapp and medium versus low MAapp (both p < 0.05), but not between the high versus medium MAapp (p = 0.055 and 0.25, respectively). The effect of varying MAapp was more pronounced in low expressing tumors and PSMA expressing tissues (e.g. salivary glands and kidneys). Overall, administration of a high MAapp increases the detection of low expression tumors while also increasing uptake in PSMA expressing tissues, possibly leading to false positive findings. In radioligand therapy, a medium MAapp could reduce radiation exposure to dose-limiting organs with only limited effect on radionuclide accumulation in the tumor.
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18
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Steiger K, Quigley NG, Groll T, Richter F, Zierke MA, Beer AJ, Weichert W, Schwaiger M, Kossatz S, Notni J. There is a world beyond αvβ3-integrin: Multimeric ligands for imaging of the integrin subtypes αvβ6, αvβ8, αvβ3, and α5β1 by positron emission tomography. EJNMMI Res 2021; 11:106. [PMID: 34636990 PMCID: PMC8506476 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-021-00842-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the context of nuclear medicine and theranostics, integrin-related research and development was, for most of the time, focused predominantly on 'RGD peptides' and the subtype αvβ3-integrin. However, there are no less than 24 known integrins, and peptides without the RGD sequence as well as non-peptidic ligands play an equally important role as selective integrin ligands. On the other hand, multimerization is a well-established method to increase the avidity of binding structures, but multimeric radiopharmaceuticals have not made their way into clinics yet. In this review, we describe how these aspects have been interwoven in the framework of the German Research Foundation's multi-group interdisciplinary funding scheme CRC 824, yielding a series of potent PET imaging agents for selective imaging of various integrin subtypes. RESULTS The gallium-68 chelator TRAP was utilized to elaborate symmetrical trimers of various peptidic and non-peptidic integrin ligands. Preclinical data suggested a high potential of the resulting Ga-68-tracers for PET-imaging of the integrins α5β1, αvβ8, αvβ6, and αvβ3. For the first three, we provide some additional immunohistochemistry data in human cancers, which suggest several future clinical applications. Finally, application of αvβ3- and αvβ6-integrin tracers in pancreatic carcinoma patients revealed that unlike αvβ3-targeted PET, αvβ6-integrin PET is not characterized by off-target uptake and thus, enables a substantially improved imaging of this type of cancer. CONCLUSIONS Novel radiopharmaceuticals targeting a number of different integrins, above all, αvβ6, have proven their clinical potential and will play an increasingly important role in future theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katja Steiger
- Institut Für Pathologie Und Pathologische Anatomie, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Neil Gerard Quigley
- Institut Für Pathologie Und Pathologische Anatomie, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Tanja Groll
- Institut Für Pathologie Und Pathologische Anatomie, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Frauke Richter
- Institut Für Pathologie Und Pathologische Anatomie, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - Wilko Weichert
- Institut Für Pathologie Und Pathologische Anatomie, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Schwaiger
- Klinik Für Nuklearmedizin Und Zentralinstitut Für Translationale Krebsforschung (TranslaTUM), Klinikum Rechts Der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Susanne Kossatz
- Klinik Für Nuklearmedizin Und Zentralinstitut Für Translationale Krebsforschung (TranslaTUM), Klinikum Rechts Der Isar der Technischen Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Johannes Notni
- Institut Für Pathologie Und Pathologische Anatomie, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany. .,Experimental Radiopharmacy, Clinic for Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147, Essen, Germany.
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Impact of the mouse model and molar amount of injected ligand on the tissue distribution profile of PSMA radioligands. Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2021; 49:470-480. [PMID: 34402925 PMCID: PMC8803738 DOI: 10.1007/s00259-021-05446-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Various preclinical study designs are described in the literature for the evaluation of PSMA radioligands. In this study, [177Lu]Lu-Ibu-DAB-PSMA, an albumin-binding radioligand, and [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 were investigated and compared under variable experimental conditions. Methods In vitro cell uptake studies were performed with PC-3 PIP and LNCaP tumor cells using a range of molar concentrations (0.75–500 nM) of both radioligands. Biodistribution and SPECT/CT imaging studies were carried out with the respective tumor mouse models using 0.05 nmol and 1.0 nmol injected ligand per mouse. Results In both tumor cell lines, the uptake of the radioligands was increased when using low molar concentrations of the respective ligand. The observed saturation effect at high ligand concentrations was more pronounced for LNCaP cells that express PSMA at lower levels than for PC-3 PIP cells. At all investigated timepoints, the in vivo uptake of both radioligands was higher in PC-3 PIP tumors than in LNCaP tumors. A low molar amount of injected ligand increased the PC-3 PIP tumor uptake mainly for [177Lu]Lu-Ibu-DAB-PSMA; however, the molar amount of ligand was relevant for both radioligands when using LNCaP tumors. Renal retention of both radioligands was, however, up to fourfold higher during the first hours after application of a low ligand amount compared to the high ligand amount. Conclusion The results of this preclinical study underline the relevance of the tumor model and applied ligand amount for the characterization of PSMA radioligands. The application of equal preclinical study designs is crucial to allow the comparison of novel radioligands with existing ones and, thus, predict potential advantages of new radioligands in view of a clinical application. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00259-021-05446-5.
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Siow A, Kowalczyk R, Brimble MA, Harris PWR. Evolution of Peptide-Based Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA) Inhibitors: An Approach to Novel Prostate Cancer Therapeutics. Curr Med Chem 2021; 28:3713-3752. [PMID: 33023429 DOI: 10.2174/0929867327666201006153847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide, with approximately 1.1 million cases diagnosed annually. The rapid development of molecular imaging has facilitated greater structural understanding, which can help formulate novel combinations of therapeutic regimens and more accurate diagnosis, avoiding unnecessary prostate biopsies. This accumulated knowledge also provides a greater understanding of the aggressive stages of the disease and tumor recurrence. Recently, much progress has been made on developing peptidomimetic-based inhibitors as promising candidates to effectively bind to the prostate- specific membrane antigen (PSMA), which is expressed by prostate cancer cells. OBJECTIVE In this review, recent advances covering small-molecule and peptide-based PSMA inhibitors will be extensively reviewed, providing a base for the rational design of future PSMA inhibitors. METHOD Herein, the literature on selected PSMA inhibitors that have been developed from 1996 to 2020 were reviewed, emphasizing recent synthetic advances and chemical strategies whilst highlighting therapeutic potential and drawbacks of each inhibitor. RESULTS Synthesized inhibitors presented in this review demonstrate the clinical application of certain PSMA inhibitors, exhibited in vitro and in vivo. CONCLUSION This review highlights the clinical potential of PSMA inhibitors, analyzing the advantages and setbacks of the chemical synthetic methodologies utilized, setting precedence for the discovery of novel PSMA inhibitors for future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Siow
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Private Bag: 92019, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Renata Kowalczyk
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Private Bag: 92019, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Margaret A Brimble
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Private Bag: 92019, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
| | - Paul W R Harris
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, 23 Symonds Street, Private Bag: 92019, Auckland 1010, New Zealand
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Quigley NG, Steiger K, Richter F, Weichert W, Hoberück S, Kotzerke J, Notni J. Tracking a TGF-β activator in vivo: sensitive PET imaging of αvβ8-integrin with the Ga-68-labeled cyclic RGD octapeptide trimer Ga-68-Triveoctin. EJNMMI Res 2020; 10:133. [PMID: 33128636 PMCID: PMC7603442 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-020-00706-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose As a major activator of transforming growth factor β (TGF-β), the RGD receptor αvβ8-integrin is involved in pathogenic processes related to TGF-β dysregulation, such as tumor growth, invasion, and radiochemoresistance, metastasis and tumor cell stemness, as well as epithelial-mesenchymal transition. The novel positron emission tomography (PET) radiopharmaceutical Ga-68-Triveoctin for in vivo mapping of αvβ8-integrin expression might enhance the prognosis of certain tumor entities, as well as support and augment TGF-β-targeted therapeutic approaches. Methods Monomeric and trimeric conjugates of cyclo(GLRGDLp(NMe)K(pent-4-ynoic amide)) were synthesized by click chemistry (CuAAC), labeled with Ga-68, and evaluated in MeWo (human melanoma) xenografted SCID mice by means of PET and ex-vivo biodistribution. αvβ8-integrin expression in murine tissues was determined by β8-IHC. A human subject received a single injection of 173 MBq of Ga-68-Triveoctin and underwent 3 subsequent PET/CT scans at 25, 45, and 90 min p.i.. Results The trimer Ga-68-Triveoctin exhibits a 6.7-fold higher αvβ8-integrin affinity than the monomer (IC50 of 5.7 vs. 38 nM, respectively). Accordingly, biodistribution showed a higher tumor uptake (1.9 vs. 1.0%IA/g, respectively) but a similar baseline upon blockade (0.25%IA/g for both). IHC showed an intermediate β8-expression in the tumor while most organs and tissues were found β8-negative. Low non-target tissue uptakes (< 0.4%IA/g) confirmed a low degree of unspecific binding. Due to its hydrophilicity (log D = − 3.1), Ga-68-Triveoctin is excreted renally and shows favorable tumor/tissue ratios in mice (t/blood: 6.7; t/liver: 6.8; t/muscle: 29). A high kidney uptake in mice (kidney-to-blood and -to-muscle ratios of 126 and 505, respectively) is not reflected by human PET (corresponding values are 15 and 30, respectively), which furthermore showed notable uptakes in coeliac and choroid plexus (SUVmean 6.1 and 9.7, respectively, 90 min p.i.). Conclusion Ga-68-Triveoctin enables sensitive in-vivo imaging αvβ8-integrin expression in murine tumor xenografts. PET in a human subject confirmed a favorable biodistribution, underscoring the potential of Ga-68-Triveoctin for mapping of αvβ8-integrin expression in a clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neil Gerard Quigley
- Institut für Pathologie Und Pathologische Anatomie, Technische Universität München, Trogerstraße 18, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Katja Steiger
- Institut für Pathologie Und Pathologische Anatomie, Technische Universität München, Trogerstraße 18, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Frauke Richter
- Institut für Pathologie Und Pathologische Anatomie, Technische Universität München, Trogerstraße 18, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Wilko Weichert
- Institut für Pathologie Und Pathologische Anatomie, Technische Universität München, Trogerstraße 18, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Hoberück
- Klinik Und Poliklinik für Nuklearmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus an der Technischen Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Jörg Kotzerke
- Klinik Und Poliklinik für Nuklearmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus an der Technischen Universität Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Johannes Notni
- Institut für Pathologie Und Pathologische Anatomie, Technische Universität München, Trogerstraße 18, 81675, Munich, Germany.
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Kuo HT, Lin KS, Zhang Z, Uribe CF, Merkens H, Zhang C, Bénard F. 177Lu-Labeled Albumin-Binder-Conjugated PSMA-Targeting Agents with Extremely High Tumor Uptake and Enhanced Tumor-to-Kidney Absorbed Dose Ratio. J Nucl Med 2020; 62:521-527. [PMID: 32859704 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.120.250738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of an albumin binder has been shown to improve tumor uptake of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeting radiotherapeutic agents. The aim of this study was to develop improved radiotherapeutic agents that combine an optimized affinity-modifying group and optimized albumin binders to maximize the tumor-to-kidney absorbed dose ratio. Methods: 68Ga-labeled DOTA-conjugated lysine-ureido-glutamate-based PSMA-targeting agents bearing various affinity-modifying groups or albumin binders were synthesized and evaluated by PET/CT imaging and biodistribution studies in LNCaP tumor-bearing mice. The optimized affinity-modifying group and albumin binders were combined, and the resulting derivatives were radiolabeled with 177Lu and evaluated by SPECT/CT imaging and biodistribution studies in LNCaP tumor-bearing mice. Radiation dosimetry was calculated using the OLINDA/EXM software. Results: Affinity-modifying group optimization revealed that 68Ga-HTK03041 bearing a tranexamic acid-9-anthrylalanine affinity-modifying group had the highest tumor uptake (23.1 ± 6.11 percentage injected dose [%ID]/g at 1 h after injection). Albumin binder optimization showed that 68Ga-HTK03055 and 68Ga-HTK03086 bearing the N-(4-(p-chlorophenyl)butanoyl)-Gly and N-(4-(p-methoxyphenyl)butanoyl)-Gly motifs, respectively, had relatively faster tumor accumulation (∼30 %ID/g at 3 h after injection) and lower average kidney uptake (<55 %ID/g at both 1 and 3 h after injection). Combining the tranexamic acid-9-anthrylalanine affinity-modifying group with N-(4-(p-chlorophenyl)butanoyl)-Gly and N-(4-(p-methoxyphenyl)butanoyl)-Gly albumin-binding motifs generated HTK03121 and HTK03123, respectively. 177Lu-HTK03121 and 177Lu-HTK03123 had extremely high peak uptake (104 ± 20.3 and 70.8 ± 23.7 %ID/g, respectively) in LNCaP tumor xenografts, and this peak was sustained up to 120 h after injection. Dosimetry calculation showed that compared with 177Lu-PSMA-617, 177Lu-HTK03121 and 177Lu-HTK03123 delivered 18.7- and 12.7-fold higher absorbed dose to tumor but only 6.4- and 6.3-fold higher absorbed dose to kidneys, leading to 2.9- and 2.0-fold improvement in the tumor-to-kidney absorbed dose ratios. Conclusion: With greatly enhanced tumor uptake and tumor-to-kidney absorbed dose ratio, 177Lu-HTK03121 and 177Lu-HTK03123 have the potential to improve treatment efficacy using significantly lower quantities of 177Lu and are promising candidates for clinical translation to treat metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hsiou-Ting Kuo
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kuo-Shyan Lin
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada .,Department of Functional Imaging, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; and.,Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Zhengxing Zhang
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Carlos F Uribe
- Department of Functional Imaging, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; and
| | - Helen Merkens
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Chengcheng Zhang
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - François Bénard
- Department of Molecular Oncology, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Functional Imaging, BC Cancer, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; and.,Department of Radiology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Radiosynthesis and preclinical evaluation of [ 68Ga]Ga-NOTA-folate for PET imaging of folate receptor β-positive macrophages. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13593. [PMID: 32788595 PMCID: PMC7423886 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70394-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Folate receptor β (FR-β), a marker expressed on macrophages, is a promising target for imaging of inflammation. Here, we report the radiosynthesis and preclinical evaluation of [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-folate (68Ga-FOL). After determining the affinity of 68Ga-FOL using cells expressing FR-β, we studied atherosclerotic mice with 68Ga-FOL and 18F-FDG PET/CT. In addition, we studied tracer distribution and co-localization with macrophages in aorta cryosections using autoradiography, histology, and immunostaining. The specificity of 68Ga-FOL was assessed in a blocking study with folate glucosamine. As a final step, human radiation doses were extrapolated from rat PET data. We were able to produce 68Ga-FOL with high radiochemical purity and moderate molar activity. Cell binding studies revealed that 68Ga-FOL had 5.1 nM affinity for FR-β. Myocardial uptake of 68Ga-FOL was 20-fold lower than that of 18F-FDG. Autoradiography and immunohistochemistry of the aorta revealed that 68Ga-FOL radioactivity co-localized with Mac-3–positive macrophage-rich atherosclerotic plaques. The plaque-to-healthy vessel wall ratio of 68Ga-FOL was significantly higher than that of 18F-FDG. Blocking studies verified that 68Ga-FOL was specific for FR. Based on estimations from rat data, the human effective dose was 0.0105 mSv/MBq. Together, these findings show that 68Ga-FOL represents a promising new FR-β–targeted tracer for imaging macrophage-associated inflammation.
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Hensbergen A, van Willigen DM, van Beurden F, van Leeuwen PJ, Buckle T, Schottelius M, Maurer T, Wester HJ, van Leeuwen FWB. Image-Guided Surgery: Are We Getting the Most Out of Small-Molecule Prostate-Specific-Membrane-Antigen-Targeted Tracers? Bioconjug Chem 2020; 31:375-395. [PMID: 31855410 PMCID: PMC7033908 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.9b00758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Expressed on virtually all prostate cancers and their metastases, the transmembrane protein prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) provides a valuable target for the imaging of prostate cancer. Not only does PSMA provide a target for noninvasive diagnostic imaging, e.g., PSMA-positron emission tomography (PSMA-PET), it can also be used to guide surgical resections of PSMA-positive lesions. The latter characteristic has led to the development of a plethora of PSMA-targeted tracers, i.e., radiolabeled, fluorescent, or hybrid. With image-guided surgery applications in mind, this review discusses these compounds based on clinical need. Here, the focus is on the chemical aspects (e.g., imaging label, spacer moiety, and targeting vector) and their impact on in vitro and in vivo tracer characteristics (e.g., affinity, tumor uptake, and clearance pattern).
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Affiliation(s)
- Albertus
Wijnand Hensbergen
- Interventional
Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Danny M. van Willigen
- Interventional
Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Florian van Beurden
- Interventional
Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department
of Urology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni
van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Pim J. van Leeuwen
- Department
of Urology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni
van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tessa Buckle
- Interventional
Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department
of Urology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni
van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Margret Schottelius
- Translational
Radiopharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Centre
Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV) and Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne (UNIL), 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Maurer
- Department
of Urology and Martini-Klinik, Universitätsklinikum
Hamburg-Eppendorf, 20251 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Hans-Jürgen Wester
- Pharmazeutische
Radiochemie, Technische Universität
München, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Fijs W. B. van Leeuwen
- Interventional
Molecular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands
- Department
of Urology, Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni
van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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Synthesis and Evaluation of 99mTc-Tricabonyl Labeled Isonitrile Conjugates for Prostate-Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA) Image. INORGANICS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/inorganics8010005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is a biomarker expressed on the surface of prostate cancer (PCa). In an effort to improve the detection and treatment of PCa, small urea-based PSMA inhibitors have been studied extensively. In the present study, we aimed to develop 99mTc-tricabonyl labeled urea-based PSMA conjugates containing isonitrile (CN-R)-coordinating ligands ([99mTc]Tc-15 and [99mTc]Tc-16). Both the PSMA conjugates were obtained at high radiochemical efficiency (≥98.5%). High in vitro binding affinity was observed for [99mTc]Tc-15 and [99mTc]Tc-16 (Kd = 5.5 and 0.2 nM, respectively) in PSMA-expressing 22Rv1 cells. Tumor xenografts were conducted using 22Rv1 cells and rapid accumulation of [99mTc]Tc-16 (1.87 ± 0.11% ID/g) was observed at 1 h post-injection, which subsequently increased to (2.83 ± 0.26% ID/g) at 4 h post-injection. However, [99mTc]Tc-15 showed moderate tumor uptake (1.48 ± 0.18% ID/g), which decreased at 4 h post-injection (0.81 ± 0.09% ID/g). [99mTc]Tc-16 was excreted from non-targeted tissues with high tumor-to-blood (17:1) and tumor-to-muscle ratio (41:1) at 4 h post-injection at approximately 4 times higher levels than [99mTc]Tc-15. Uptakes of [99mTc]Tc-15 and [99mTc]Tc-16 to PSMA-expressing tumor and tissues were significantly blocked by co-injection of 2-(Phosphonomethyl)-pentandioic acid (2-PMPA), suggesting that their uptakes are mediated by PSMA specifically. Whole-body single photon emission computed tomography imaging of [99mTc]Tc-16 verified the ex vivo biodistribution results and demonstrated clear visualization of tumors and tissues expressing PSMA compared to [99mTc]Tc-15. In conclusion, using [99mTc]Tc-16 rather than [99mTc]Tc-15 may be the preferable because of its relatively high tumor uptake and retention.
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Ruigrok EAM, van Weerden WM, Nonnekens J, de Jong M. The Future of PSMA-Targeted Radionuclide Therapy: An Overview of Recent Preclinical Research. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E560. [PMID: 31671763 PMCID: PMC6921028 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11110560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) has become a major focus point in the research and development of prostate cancer (PCa) imaging and therapeutic strategies using radiolabeled tracers. PSMA has shown to be an excellent target for PCa theranostics because of its high expression on the membrane of PCa cells and the increase in expression during disease progression. Therefore, numerous PSMA-targeting tracers have been developed and (pre)clinically studied with promising results. However, many of these PSMA-targeting tracers show uptake in healthy organs such as the salivary glands, causing radiotoxicity. Furthermore, not all patients respond to PSMA-targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT). This created the necessity of additional preclinical research studies in which existing tracers are reevaluated and new tracers are developed in order to improve PSMA-TRT by protecting the (PSMA-expressing) healthy organs and improving tumor uptake. In this review we will give an overview of the recent preclinical research projects regarding PCa-TRT using PSMA-specific radiotracers, which will give an indication of where the PSMA-TRT research movement is going and what we can expect in future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eline A M Ruigrok
- Dept. of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
- Dept. of Experimental Urology, Erasmus MC, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | | | - Julie Nonnekens
- Dept. of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
- Dept. of Molecular Genetics, Erasmus MC, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
- Oncode Institute, Erasmus MC, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Marion de Jong
- Dept. of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Erasmus MC, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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Kaeopookum P, Petrik M, Summer D, Klinger M, Zhai C, Rangger C, Haubner R, Haas H, Hajduch M, Decristoforo C. Comparison of 68Ga-labeled RGD mono- and multimers based on a clickable siderophore-based scaffold. Nucl Med Biol 2019; 78-79:1-10. [PMID: 31678781 DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2019.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cyclic pentapeptides containing the amino acid sequence arginine-glycine-aspartic (RGD) have been widely applied to target αvβ3 integrin, which is upregulated in various tumors during tumor-induced angiogenesis. Multimeric cyclic RGD peptides have been reported to be advantageous over monomeric counterparts for angiogenesis imaging. Here, we prepared mono-, di-, and trimeric cyclic arginine-glycine-aspartic-D-phenylalanine-lysine (c (RGDfK)) derivatives by conjugation with the natural chelator fusarinine C (FSC) using click chemistry based on copper (I)-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC). The αvβ3 binding properties of 68Ga-labeled mono-, di-, and trimeric c(RGDfK) peptides were evaluated in vitro as well as in vivo and compared with the references monomeric [68Ga]GaNODAGA-c(RGDfK) and trimeric [68Ga]GaFSC(suc-c(RGDfK))3. All 68Ga-labeled c(RGDfK) peptides displayed hydrophilicity (logD = -2.96 to -3.80), low protein binding and were stable in phosphate buffered-saline (PBS) and serum up to 2 h. In vitro internalization assays with human melanoma M21 (αvβ3-positive) and M21-L (αvβ3-negative) cell lines showed specific uptake of all derivatives and increased in the series: mono- < di- < trimeric peptide. The highest tumor uptake, tumor-to-background ratios, and image contrast were found for the dimeric [68Ga]GaMAFC(c(RGDfK)aza)2. In conclusion, we developed a novel strategy for direct, straight forward preparation of mono-, di-, and trimeric c(RGDfK) conjugates based on the FSC scaffold. Interestingly, the best αvβ3 imaging properties were found for the dimeric [68Ga]GaMAFC(c(RGDfK)aza)2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piriya Kaeopookum
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; Research and Development Division, Thailand Institute of Nuclear Technology, Nakhon Nayok, Thailand
| | - Milos Petrik
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Dominik Summer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Maximilian Klinger
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Chuangyan Zhai
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria; School of Forensic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Christine Rangger
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Roland Haubner
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Hubertus Haas
- Division of Molecular Biology, Biocenter, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Marian Hajduch
- Institute of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Clemens Decristoforo
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
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Tumor Uptake of Triazine Dendrimers Decorated with Four, Sixteen, and Sixty-Four PSMA-Targeted Ligands: Passive versus Active Tumor Targeting. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9090421. [PMID: 31466360 PMCID: PMC6770530 DOI: 10.3390/biom9090421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2019] [Revised: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Various glutamate urea ligands have displayed high affinities to prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA), which is highly overexpressed in prostate and other cancer sites. The multivalent versions of small PSMA-targeted molecules are known to be even more efficiently bound to the receptor. Here, we employ a well-known urea-based ligand, 2-[3-(1,3-dicarboxypropyl)-ureido] pentanedioic acid (DUPA) and triazine dendrimers in order to study the effect of molecular size on multivalent targeting in prostate cancer. The synthetic route starts with the preparation of a dichlorotriazine bearing DUPA in 67% overall yield over five steps. This dichlorotriazine reacts with G1, G3, and G5 triazine dendrimers bearing a 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-1,4,7,10-tetraacetic acid (DOTA) group for 64Cu-labeling at the core to afford poly(monochlorotriazine) intermediates. Addition of 4-aminomethylpiperidine (4-AMP) and the following deprotection produce the target compounds, G1-(DUPA)4, G3-(DUPA)16, and G5-(DUPA)64. These targets include 4/16/64 DUPA groups on the surface and a DOTA group at the core, respectively. In vitro cell assay using PC3-PIP (PSMA positive) and PC3-FLU (PSMA negative) cells reveals that G1-(DUPA)4 has the highest PC3-PIP to PC3-FLU uptake ratio (10-fold) through the PSMA-mediated specific uptake. While G5-(DUPA)64 displayed approximately 12 times higher binding affinity (IC50 23.6 nM) to PC3-PIP cells than G1-(DUPA)4 (IC50 282.3 nM) as evaluated in a competitive binding assay, the G5 dendrimer also showed high non-specific binding to PC3-FLU cells. In vivo uptake of the 64Cu-labeled dendrimers was also evaluated in severe combined inmmunodeficient (SCID) mice bearing PC3-PIP and PC3-FLU xenografts on each shoulder, respectively. Interestingly, quantitative imaging analysis of positron emission tomograph (PET) displayed the lowest tumor uptake in PC3-PIP cells for the midsize dendrimer G3-(DUPA)16 (19.4 kDa) (0.66 ± 0.15%ID/g at 1 h. p.i., 0.64 ± 0.11%ID/g at 4 h. p.i., and 0.67 ± 0.08%ID/g at 24 h. p.i.). Through the specific binding of G1-(DUPA)4 to PSMA, the smallest dendrimer (5.1 kDa) demonstrated the highest PC3-PIP to muscle and PC3-PIP to PC3-FLU uptake ratios (17.7 ± 5.5 and 6.7 ± 3.0 at 4 h p.i., respectively). In addition, the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect appeared to be an overwhelming factor for tumor uptake of the largest dendrimer G5-(DUPA)64 as the uptake was at a similar level irrelevant to the PSMA expression.
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Kwon H, Son S, Byun Y. Prostate‐Specific Membrane Antigen (PSMA)‐Targeted Radionuclide Probes for Imaging and Therapy of Prostate Cancer. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.201900329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hongmok Kwon
- College of PharmacyKorea University 2511 Sejong-ro Sejong 30019 South Korea
| | - Sang‐Hyun Son
- College of PharmacyKorea University 2511 Sejong-ro Sejong 30019 South Korea
| | - Youngjoo Byun
- College of PharmacyKorea University 2511 Sejong-ro Sejong 30019 South Korea
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Soeda F, Watabe T, Naka S, Liu Y, Horitsugi G, Neels OC, Kopka K, Tatsumi M, Shimosegawa E, Giesel FL, Hatazawa J. Impact of 18F-PSMA-1007 Uptake in Prostate Cancer Using Different Peptide Concentrations: Preclinical PET/CT Study on Mice. J Nucl Med 2019; 60:1594-1599. [PMID: 30902876 DOI: 10.2967/jnumed.118.223479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
PET radioligands with low molar activity (MA) may underestimate the quantity of the target of interest because of competitive binding of the target with unlabeled ligand. The aim of this study was to evaluate the change in the whole-body distribution of 18F-PSMA-1007 targeting prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) when solutions with different peptide concentrations are used. Methods: Mouse xenograft models of LNCaP (PSMA-positive prostate cancer) (n = 18) were prepared and divided into 3 groups according to the peptide concentration injected: a high-MA group (1,013 ± 146 GBq/μmol; n = 6), a medium-MA group (100.7 ± 23.1 GBq/μmol; n = 6), and a low-MA group (10.80 ± 2.84 GBq/μmol; n = 6). Static PET scans were performed 1 h after injection (scan duration, 10 min). SUVmean in tumor and normal organs was compared by the multiple-comparison test. Immunohistochemical staining and Western blot analysis were performed to confirm expression of PSMA in tumor, salivary gland, and kidney. Results: The low-MA group (SUVmean, 1.12 ± 0.30) showed significantly lower uptake of 18F-PSMA-1007 in tumor than did the high-MA group (1.97 ± 0.77) and the medium-MA group (1.81 ± 0.57). On the other hand, in salivary gland, both the low-MA group (SUVmean, 0.24 ± 0.04) and the medium-MA group (0.57 ± 0.08) showed significantly lower uptake than the high MA group (1.27 ± 0.28). The tumor-to-salivary gland SUVmean ratio was 1.73 ± 0.55 in the high-MA group, 3.16 ± 0.86 in the medium-MA group, and 4.78 ± 1.29 in the low-MA group. The immunohistochemical staining and Western blot analysis revealed significant overexpression of PSMA in tumor and low expression in salivary gland and kidney. Conclusion: A decrease in the MA level of the injected 18F-PSMA-1007 solution resulted in decreased uptake in tumor and, to a greater degree, in normal salivary gland. Thus, there is a possibility of minimizing the adverse effects in salivary gland by setting an appropriate MA level in PSMA-targeting therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fumihiko Soeda
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Tracer Kinetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tadashi Watabe
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Tracer Kinetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Sadahiro Naka
- Department of Pharmaceuticals, Osaka University Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yuwei Liu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Tracer Kinetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Genki Horitsugi
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Tracer Kinetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
| | - Oliver C Neels
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Klaus Kopka
- Division of Radiopharmaceutical Chemistry, German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mitsuaki Tatsumi
- Department of Radiology, Osaka University Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Eku Shimosegawa
- Department of Molecular Imaging in Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan; and
| | - Frederik L Giesel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.,German Cancer Consortium, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jun Hatazawa
- Department of Nuclear Medicine and Tracer Kinetics, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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Talma M, Maślanka M, Mucha A. Recent developments in the synthesis and applications of phosphinic peptide analogs. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2019; 29:1031-1042. [PMID: 30846252 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2019.02.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 02/27/2019] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic pseudopeptides that fit well with the active site architecture allow the most effective binding to enzymes, similar to native substrates in high-energy transition states. Phosphinic acid peptide analogs that comprise the tetrahedral phosphorus moiety introduced to replace an internal amide bond exert such an isosteric or isoelectronic resemblance, combined with providing other advantageous features, for example, metal complexing properties. Accordingly, they are capable of inhibiting metal-dependent enzymes involved in biological functions in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells. These enzymes are associated with notorious human diseases, such as cancer, e.g., matrix metalloproteinases, or are etiological factors of protozoal and bacterial infections, e.g., metalloaminopeptidases. The affinity and selectivity of these compounds can be conveniently adjusted, either by structural modification of dedicated side chains or by backbone elongation to enhance specific interactions with the corresponding binding pockets. Recent approaches to the synthesis of these compounds are illustrated by examples of the preparation of rationally designed structures of inhibitors of particular enzymes. Activity against appealing enzymatic targets is presented, along with the molecular mechanisms of action and therapeutic implications. Innovative aspects of phosphinic peptide application, e.g., as activity-based probes, and ligands of complexes of radioisotopes for nuclear medicine are also outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Talma
- Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Marta Maślanka
- Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Artur Mucha
- Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland.
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Cai X, Wang D, Gao Y, Yi L, Yang X, Xi Z. Tetra-fluorinated aromatic azide for highly efficient bioconjugation in living cells. RSC Adv 2019; 9:23-26. [PMID: 35521584 PMCID: PMC9059488 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra09303b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2018] [Accepted: 12/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
We developed a fast strain-promoted azide–alkyne cycloaddition reaction (SPAAC) by tetra-fluorinated aromatic azide with a kinetic constant of 3.60 M−1 s−1, which is among the fastest SPAAC ligations reported so far. We successfully employed the reaction for covalent labelling of proteins with high efficiency and for bioimaging of mitochondria in living cells. The reaction could be a generally useful toolbox for chemical biology and biomaterials. A fast strain-promoted azide–alkyne cycloaddition based on tetra-fluorinated aromatic azide was developed and applied to label proteins and living cells with high efficiency.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuekang Cai
- Department of Nuclear Medicine
- Peking University First Hospital
- Beijing
- China
- State Key Laboratory of Organic–Inorganic Composites
| | - Dan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- Department of Chemical Biology
- National Pesticide Engineering Research Center (Tianjin)
- Nankai University
- Tianjin
| | - Yasi Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic–Inorganic Composites
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- China
| | - Long Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Organic–Inorganic Composites
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology
- Beijing 100029
- China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin)
| | - Xing Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine
- Peking University First Hospital
- Beijing
- China
- Peking University School of Medical Technology
| | - Zhen Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry
- Department of Chemical Biology
- National Pesticide Engineering Research Center (Tianjin)
- Nankai University
- Tianjin
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Cheng L, Kang X, Wang D, Gao Y, Yi L, Xi Z. The one-pot nonhydrolysis Staudinger reaction and Staudinger or SPAAC ligation. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:5675-5679. [DOI: 10.1039/c9ob00528e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The one-pot nonhydrolysis Staudinger reaction and Staudinger or SPAAC ligation were used for producing a FRET-based dyad in living cells as a proof-of-concept study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longhuai Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemical Biology
- National Engineering Research Center of Pesticide (Tianjin)
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
| | - Xueying Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic–Inorganic Composites and Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology (BUCT)
- Beijing 100029
- China
| | - Dan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemical Biology
- National Engineering Research Center of Pesticide (Tianjin)
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
| | - Yasi Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic–Inorganic Composites and Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology (BUCT)
- Beijing 100029
- China
| | - Long Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Organic–Inorganic Composites and Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology (BUCT)
- Beijing 100029
- China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering
| | - Zhen Xi
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Department of Chemical Biology
- National Engineering Research Center of Pesticide (Tianjin)
- College of Chemistry
- Nankai University
- Tianjin 300071
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