1
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Sanese P, De Marco K, Lepore Signorile M, La Rocca F, Forte G, Latrofa M, Fasano C, Disciglio V, Di Nicola E, Pantaleo A, Bianco G, Spilotro V, Ferroni C, Tubertini M, Labarile N, De Marinis L, Armentano R, Gigante G, Lantone V, Lantone G, Naldi M, Bartolini M, Varchi G, Del Rio A, Grossi V, Simone C. The novel SMYD3 inhibitor EM127 impairs DNA repair response to chemotherapy-induced DNA damage and reverses cancer chemoresistance. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2024; 43:151. [PMID: 38812026 PMCID: PMC11137994 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-024-03078-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND SMYD3 has been found implicated in cancer progression. Its overexpression correlates with cancer growth and invasion, especially in gastrointestinal tumors. SMYD3 transactivates multiple oncogenic mechanisms, favoring cancer development. Moreover, it was recently shown that SMYD3 is required for DNA restoration by promoting homologous recombination (HR) repair. METHODS In cellulo and in vivo models were employed to investigate the role of SMYD3 in cancer chemoresistance. Analyses of SMYD3-KO cells, drug-resistant cancer cell lines, patients' residual gastric or rectal tumors that were resected after neoadjuvant therapy and mice models were performed. In addition, the novel SMYD3 covalent inhibitor EM127 was used to evaluate the impact of manipulating SMYD3 activity on the sensitization of cancer cell lines, tumorspheres and cancer murine models to chemotherapeutics (CHTs). RESULTS Here we report that SMYD3 mediates cancer cell sensitivity to CHTs. Indeed, cancer cells lacking SMYD3 functions showed increased responsiveness to CHTs, while restoring its expression promoted chemoresistance. Specifically, SMYD3 is essential for the repair of CHT-induced double-strand breaks as it methylates the upstream sensor ATM and allows HR cascade propagation through CHK2 and p53 phosphorylation, thereby promoting cancer cell survival. SMYD3 inhibition with the novel compound EM127 showed a synergistic effect with CHTs in colorectal, gastric, and breast cancer cells, tumorspheres, and preclinical colorectal cancer models. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our results show that targeting SMYD3 may be an effective therapeutic strategy to overcome chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Sanese
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis" Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte (Ba), 70013, Italy
| | - Katia De Marco
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis" Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte (Ba), 70013, Italy
| | - Martina Lepore Signorile
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis" Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte (Ba), 70013, Italy
| | - Francesca La Rocca
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis" Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte (Ba), 70013, Italy
| | - Giovanna Forte
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis" Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte (Ba), 70013, Italy
| | - Marialaura Latrofa
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis" Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte (Ba), 70013, Italy
| | - Candida Fasano
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis" Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte (Ba), 70013, Italy
| | - Vittoria Disciglio
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis" Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte (Ba), 70013, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Di Nicola
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis" Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte (Ba), 70013, Italy
| | - Antonino Pantaleo
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis" Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte (Ba), 70013, Italy
| | - Giusy Bianco
- Animal Facility, National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis" Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte (Ba), 70013, Italy
| | - Vito Spilotro
- Animal Facility, National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis" Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte (Ba), 70013, Italy
| | - Claudia Ferroni
- Institute of Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity - National Research Council, Bologna, 40129, Italy
| | - Matilde Tubertini
- Institute of Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity - National Research Council, Bologna, 40129, Italy
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Sciences, University of Insubria, Como, 22100, Italy
| | - Nicoletta Labarile
- Histopathology Unit, National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis" Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte (Ba), 70013, Italy
| | - Lucia De Marinis
- Histopathology Unit, National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis" Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte (Ba), 70013, Italy
| | - Raffaele Armentano
- Histopathology Unit, National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis" Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte (Ba), 70013, Italy
| | - Gianluigi Gigante
- General Surgery Unit, National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis" Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte (Ba), 70013, Italy
| | - Valerio Lantone
- General Surgery Unit, National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis" Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte (Ba), 70013, Italy
- General Surgery Unit, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Jonic Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, 70124, Italy
| | | | - Marina Naldi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, 40126, Italy
| | - Manuela Bartolini
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, Bologna, 40126, Italy
| | - Greta Varchi
- Institute of Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity - National Research Council, Bologna, 40129, Italy
| | - Alberto Del Rio
- Institute of Organic Synthesis and Photoreactivity - National Research Council, Bologna, 40129, Italy
- Innovamol Consulting Srl, Modena, 41126, Italy
| | - Valentina Grossi
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis" Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte (Ba), 70013, Italy.
| | - Cristiano Simone
- Medical Genetics, National Institute of Gastroenterology, IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis" Research Hospital, Castellana Grotte (Ba), 70013, Italy.
- Medical Genetics, Department of Precision and Regenerative Medicine and Jonic Area (DiMePRe-J), University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, 70124, Italy.
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Salim EI, Mosbah AM, Elhussiny FA, Hanafy NAN, Abdou Y. Preparation and characterization of cetuximab-loaded egg serum albumin nanoparticles and their uses as a drug delivery system against Caco-2 colon cancer cells. Cancer Nanotechnol 2023. [DOI: 10.1186/s12645-022-00153-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
AbstractTo avoid the harmful side effects of cetuximab and improve its therapeutic efficacy, egg serum albumin (ESA) was used as a targeting drug carrier moiety for cancer therapy against Caco-2 colon cancer cells. The simple improved desolvation method was used to synthesize ESA nanoparticles (ESA-NPs) and cetuximab-loaded albumin nanoparticles (CET-ANPs) with glutaraldehyde as a crosslinking agent. The ESA-NPs and CET-ANPs were spherically shaped, and their sizes and surface potentials were 100 and − 24 nm and 170 and − 20 nm, respectively, as determined using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and a Zeta potential analyzer. The specific functional groups of the prepared nanoparticles were revealed by FTIR analysis. In the MTT (3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2, 5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay, CET-ANPs exerted the highest antitumor activity after 24 h followed by CET, ESA-NPs, and pure ESA. Combination of CET + ESA-NPs at different IC50 concentrations at ratios of 1:1, 1:2, 2:1, 1:4, 4:1, 1:9, or 9:1 showed significant synergistic effects with a combination index (CI) > 1. Furthermore, the CET either loaded with ESA-NPs or administered in combination (CET + ESA NPs) caused significant apoptotic damage, as well as an S-phase or G2/M cell cycle arrest to the cancer cells, respectively. These were directly linked with a significant upregulation of mRNA expression of Caspase3 and Bax genes and an extreme downregulation of the mRNA expression of Bcl2, particularly in the combination treatment group, as compared to the untreated cells. Finally, ESA-NPs improved the effectiveness of cetuximab, strongly caused apoptotic and antiproliferative action with lower systemic toxicity, and could be suggested for the targeted administration of anticancer medications in various nanosystems.
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Giannelli M, Guerrini A, Ballestri M, Aluigi A, Zamboni R, Sotgiu G, Posati T. Bioactive Keratin and Fibroin Nanoparticles: An Overview of Their Preparation Strategies. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12091406. [PMID: 35564115 PMCID: PMC9104131 DOI: 10.3390/nano12091406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, several studies have focused their attention on the preparation of biocompatible and biodegradable nanocarriers of potential interest in the biomedical field, ranging from drug delivery systems to imaging and diagnosis. In this regard, natural biomolecules—such as proteins—represent an attractive alternative to synthetic polymers or inorganic materials, thanks to their numerous advantages, such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, and low immunogenicity. Among the most interesting proteins, keratin extracted from wool and feathers, as well as fibroin extracted from Bombyx mori cocoons, possess all of the abovementioned features required for biomedical applications. In the present review, we therefore aim to give an overview of the most important and efficient methodologies for obtaining drug-loaded keratin and fibroin nanoparticles, and of their potential for biomedical applications.
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Effects of Regioisomerism on the Antiproliferative Activity of Hydroxystearic Acids on Human Cancer Cell Lines. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27082396. [PMID: 35458594 PMCID: PMC9029951 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27082396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of regioisomers of the hydroxystearic acid (HSA) was prepared, and the effect of the position of the hydroxyl group along the chain on a panel of human cancer cell lines was investigated. Among the various regioisomers, those carrying the hydroxyl at positions 5, 7, and 9 had growth inhibitor activity against various human tumor cell lines, including CaCo-2, HT29, HeLa, MCF7, PC3, and NLF cells. 10-HSA and 11-HSA showed a very weak effect. 8-HSA did not show inhibitory activity in all cell lines. The biological role of 7-HSA and 9-HSA is widely recognized, while little is known about the effects of 5-HSA. Therefore, the biological effects of 5-HSA in HeLa, HT29, MCF7, and NLF cell lines were investigated using the Livecyte's ptychography technology, which allows correlating changes in proliferation, motility, and morphology as a function of treatment at the same time. 5-HSA not only reduces cell proliferation but also induces changes in cell displacement, directionality, and speed. It is important to characterize the biological effects of 5-HSA, this molecule being an important component of fatty acyl esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFA), a class of endogenous mammalian lipids with noticeable anti-diabetic and anti-inflammatory effects.
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5
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Abstract
Keratin is a structural protein of mammalian tissues and birds, representing the principal constituent of hair, nails, skin, wool, hooves, horns, beaks, and feathers, and playing an essential role in protecting the body from external harassment. Due to its intrinsic features such as biocompatibility, biodegradability, responsiveness to specific biological environment, and physical–chemical properties, keratin has been extensively explored in the production of nanocarriers of active principles for different biomedical applications. In the present review paper, we aimed to give a literature overview of keratin-based nanoparticles produced starting from human hair, wool, and chicken feathers. Along with the chemical and structural description of keratin nanoparticles, selected in vitro and in vivo biological data are also discussed to provide a more comprehensive framework of possible fields of application of this protein. Despite the considerable number of papers describing the production and use of keratin nanoparticles as carries of anticancer and antimicrobial drugs or as hemostatic and wound healing materials, still, efforts are needed to implement keratin nanoparticles towards their clinical application.
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Hafez DA, Hassanin IA, Teleb M, Khattab SN, Elkhodairy KA, Elzoghby AO. Recent advances in nanomedicine-based delivery of histone deacetylase inhibitors for cancer therapy. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2021; 16:2305-2325. [PMID: 34551585 DOI: 10.2217/nnm-2021-0196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi) are cancer therapeutics that operate at the epigenetic level and which have recently gained wide attention. However, the applications of HDACi are generally hindered by their poor physicochemical characteristics and unfavorable pharmacokinetic profile. Inspired by the approved nanomedicine-based drugs in the market, nanocarriers could provide a resort to circumvent the limitations imposed by HDACi. Enhanced tumor targeting, improved cellular uptake and reduced toxicity are major advantages offered by HDACi-loaded nanoparticles. More importantly, site-specific drug delivery can be achieved via engineered stimuli-responsive nanosystems. In this review we elucidate the anticancer mechanisms of HDACi and their structure-activity relationships, with a special focus on their nanomedicine-based delivery, different drug loading concepts and their implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina A Hafez
- Cancer Nanotechnology Research Laboratory (CNRL), Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt.,Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt
| | - Islam A Hassanin
- Cancer Nanotechnology Research Laboratory (CNRL), Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt.,Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies & Research, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21526, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Teleb
- Cancer Nanotechnology Research Laboratory (CNRL), Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt.,Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt
| | - Sherine N Khattab
- Cancer Nanotechnology Research Laboratory (CNRL), Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21321, Egypt
| | - Kadria A Elkhodairy
- Cancer Nanotechnology Research Laboratory (CNRL), Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt.,Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt
| | - Ahmed O Elzoghby
- Cancer Nanotechnology Research Laboratory (CNRL), Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt.,Department of Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt
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7
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Ortíz R, Quiñonero F, García-Pinel B, Fuel M, Mesas C, Cabeza L, Melguizo C, Prados J. Nanomedicine to Overcome Multidrug Resistance Mechanisms in Colon and Pancreatic Cancer: Recent Progress. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:2058. [PMID: 33923200 PMCID: PMC8123136 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13092058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of drug resistance is one of the main causes of cancer treatment failure. This phenomenon occurs very frequently in different types of cancer, including colon and pancreatic cancers. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. In recent years, nanomedicine has improved the delivery and efficacy of drugs, and has decreased their side effects. In addition, it has allowed to design drugs capable of avoiding certain resistance mechanisms of tumors. In this article, we review the main resistance mechanisms in colon and pancreatic cancers, along with the most relevant strategies offered by nanodrugs to overcome this obstacle. These strategies include the inhibition of efflux pumps, the use of specific targets, the development of nanomedicines affecting the environment of cancer-specific tissues, the modulation of DNA repair mechanisms or RNA (miRNA), and specific approaches to damage cancer stem cells, among others. This review aims to illustrate how advanced nanoformulations, including polymeric conjugates, micelles, dendrimers, liposomes, metallic and carbon-based nanoparticles, are allowing to overcome one of the main limitations in the treatment of colon and pancreatic cancers. The future development of nanomedicine opens new horizons for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raúl Ortíz
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain; (R.O.); (F.Q.); (B.G.-P.); (M.F.); (C.M.); (L.C.); (J.P.)
- Department of Anatomy and Embriology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto Biosanitario de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Francisco Quiñonero
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain; (R.O.); (F.Q.); (B.G.-P.); (M.F.); (C.M.); (L.C.); (J.P.)
- Department of Anatomy and Embriology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto Biosanitario de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Beatriz García-Pinel
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain; (R.O.); (F.Q.); (B.G.-P.); (M.F.); (C.M.); (L.C.); (J.P.)
- Department of Anatomy and Embriology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto Biosanitario de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Marco Fuel
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain; (R.O.); (F.Q.); (B.G.-P.); (M.F.); (C.M.); (L.C.); (J.P.)
- Instituto Biosanitario de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Cristina Mesas
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain; (R.O.); (F.Q.); (B.G.-P.); (M.F.); (C.M.); (L.C.); (J.P.)
- Department of Anatomy and Embriology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto Biosanitario de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Laura Cabeza
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain; (R.O.); (F.Q.); (B.G.-P.); (M.F.); (C.M.); (L.C.); (J.P.)
- Department of Anatomy and Embriology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto Biosanitario de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Consolación Melguizo
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain; (R.O.); (F.Q.); (B.G.-P.); (M.F.); (C.M.); (L.C.); (J.P.)
- Department of Anatomy and Embriology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto Biosanitario de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain
| | - Jose Prados
- Institute of Biopathology and Regenerative Medicine (IBIMER), Center of Biomedical Research (CIBM), University of Granada, 18100 Granada, Spain; (R.O.); (F.Q.); (B.G.-P.); (M.F.); (C.M.); (L.C.); (J.P.)
- Department of Anatomy and Embriology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain
- Instituto Biosanitario de Granada (ibs.GRANADA), 18014 Granada, Spain
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Sugimoto K, Kobayashi A, Kohyama A, Sakai H, Matsuya Y. Divinylcarbinol Desymmetrization Strategy: A Concise and Reliable Approach to Chiral Hydroxylated Fatty Acid Derivatives. J Org Chem 2021; 86:3970-3980. [PMID: 33567822 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.0c02821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
By the aid of the catalytic desymmetrization of divinylcarbinol as one-pot asymmetric induction and protection of olefin, asymmetric total syntheses of two chiral hydroxylated fatty acid derivatives were successfully achieved. The desired stereoisomers could be concisely prepared in mild conditions in a highly convergent manner. Thus, this novel strategy can help stereochemical elucidations of natural products, which have difficulties in spectroscopic stereochemical analyses due to their local symmetries in the vicinities of the stereogenic secondary hydroxyl units.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Sugimoto
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Ami Kobayashi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Aki Kohyama
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Haruka Sakai
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Yuji Matsuya
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
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9
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Keratin nanoparticles and photodynamic therapy enhance the anticancer stem cells activity of salinomycin. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 122:111899. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.111899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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10
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Synthesis of Novel Tryptamine Derivatives and Their Biological Activity as Antitumor Agents. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26030683. [PMID: 33525621 PMCID: PMC7865355 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26030683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We synthesized five novel tryptamine derivatives characterized by the presence of an azelayl chain or of a 1,1,1-trichloroethyl group, in turn connected to another heterocyclic scaffold. The combination of tryptamin-, 1,1,1-trichloroethyl- and 2-aminopyrimidinyl- moieties produced compound 9 identified as the most active compound in hematological cancer cell lines (IC50 = 0.57-65.32 μM). Moreover, keeping constant the presence of the tryptaminic scaffold and binding it to the azelayl moiety, the compounds maintain biological activity. Compound 13 is still active against hematological cancer cell lines and shows a selective effect only on HT29 cells (IC50 = 0.006 µM) among solid tumor models. Compound 14 loses activity on all leukemic lines, while showing a high level of toxicity on all solid tumor lines tested (IC50 0.0015-0.469 µM).
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Micheletti G, Boga C, Telese D, Cassani MC, Boanini E, Nitti P, Ballarin B, Ghirri A, Barucca G, Rinaldi D. Magnetic Nanoparticles Coated with ( R)-9-Acetoxystearic Acid for Biomedical Applications. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:12707-12715. [PMID: 32548454 PMCID: PMC7288358 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c00163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The well-known ability to selectively drive nanomagnetic materials coated with anticancer drugs into tumor cells suggested the synthesis and the characterization of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) functionalized with (R)-9-acetoxystearic acid, the acetic ester of (R)-9-hydroxystearic acid (9-HSA), an antiproliferative agent active against different cancer cells. The acyl chloride of (R)-9-acetoxystearic acid, synthesized in two steps from 9-HSA, was reacted with (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane, chosen as a linker between MNPs and the stearyl moiety. In the last step, the novel amide was bound to magnetite NPs by reaction with silyl groups. A detailed structural, chemical, and magnetic characterization of the obtained material proved that it possesses properties in agreement with the requirements for drug delivery, opening the possibility to further insights focused on the 9-HSA biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Micheletti
- Department
of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”, University of Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento, 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Carla Boga
- Department
of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”, University of Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento, 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Dario Telese
- Department
of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”, University of Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento, 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Cassani
- Department
of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”, University of Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento, 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Elisa Boanini
- Department
of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Patrizia Nitti
- Department
of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, via Licio Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Barbara Ballarin
- Department
of Industrial Chemistry “Toso Montanari”, University of Bologna, Viale del Risorgimento, 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Alberto Ghirri
- Istituto
Nanoscienze—CNR, via G. Campi 213A, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Gianni Barucca
- Department
of Materials, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche, 12, 60131 Ancona, Italy
| | - Daniele Rinaldi
- Department
of Materials, Environmental Sciences and Urban Planning, Università Politecnica delle Marche, via Brecce Bianche, 12, 60131 Ancona, Italy
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12
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Micheletti G, Calonghi N, Farruggia G, Strocchi E, Palmacci V, Telese D, Bordoni S, Frisco G, Boga C. Synthesis of Novel Structural Hybrids between Aza-Heterocycles and Azelaic Acid Moiety with a Specific Activity on Osteosarcoma Cells. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25020404. [PMID: 31963693 PMCID: PMC7024557 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25020404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Nine compounds bearing pyridinyl (or piperidinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzotriazolyl) groups bound to an azelayl moiety through an amide bond were synthesized. The structural analogy with some histone deacetylase inhibitors inspired their syntheses, seeking new selective histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACi). The azelayl moiety recalls part of 9-hydroxystearic acid, a cellular lipid showing antiproliferative activity toward cancer cells with HDAC as a molecular target. Azelayl derivatives bound to a benzothiazolyl moiety further proved to be active as HDACi. The novel compounds were tested on a panel of both normal and tumor cell lines. Non-specific induction of cytotoxicity was observed in the normal cell line, while three of them induced a biological effect only on the osteosarcoma (U2OS) cell line. One of them induced a change in nuclear shape and size. Cell-cycle alterations are associated with post-transcriptional modification of both H2/H3 and H4 histones. In line with recent studies, revealing unexpected HDAC7 function in osteoclasts, molecular docking studies on the active molecules predicted their proneness to interact with HDAC7. By reducing side effects associated with the action of the first-generation inhibitors, the herein reported compounds, thus, sound promising as selective HDACi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Micheletti
- Department of Industrial Chemistry ‘Toso Montanari’, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna Viale Del Risorgimento, 4 402136 Bologna, Italy; (E.S.); (V.P.); (D.T.); (S.B.); (C.B.)
- Correspondence: (G.M.); (N.C.); Tel.: +39-051-2093641 (G.M.); +39-051-2091231 (N.C.)
| | - Natalia Calonghi
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48,40126 Bologna, Italy; (G.F.); (G.F.)
- Correspondence: (G.M.); (N.C.); Tel.: +39-051-2093641 (G.M.); +39-051-2091231 (N.C.)
| | - Giovanna Farruggia
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48,40126 Bologna, Italy; (G.F.); (G.F.)
- National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems, Viale delle Medaglie d’Oro, 305, 00136 Rome, Italy
| | - Elena Strocchi
- Department of Industrial Chemistry ‘Toso Montanari’, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna Viale Del Risorgimento, 4 402136 Bologna, Italy; (E.S.); (V.P.); (D.T.); (S.B.); (C.B.)
| | - Vincenzo Palmacci
- Department of Industrial Chemistry ‘Toso Montanari’, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna Viale Del Risorgimento, 4 402136 Bologna, Italy; (E.S.); (V.P.); (D.T.); (S.B.); (C.B.)
| | - Dario Telese
- Department of Industrial Chemistry ‘Toso Montanari’, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna Viale Del Risorgimento, 4 402136 Bologna, Italy; (E.S.); (V.P.); (D.T.); (S.B.); (C.B.)
| | - Silvia Bordoni
- Department of Industrial Chemistry ‘Toso Montanari’, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna Viale Del Risorgimento, 4 402136 Bologna, Italy; (E.S.); (V.P.); (D.T.); (S.B.); (C.B.)
| | - Giulia Frisco
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via Irnerio 48,40126 Bologna, Italy; (G.F.); (G.F.)
| | - Carla Boga
- Department of Industrial Chemistry ‘Toso Montanari’, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna Viale Del Risorgimento, 4 402136 Bologna, Italy; (E.S.); (V.P.); (D.T.); (S.B.); (C.B.)
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Shankar S, Rhim JW. Eco-friendly antimicrobial nanoparticles of keratin-metal ion complex. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 105:110068. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Revised: 08/08/2019] [Accepted: 08/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Synthesis of 9-Hydroxystearic Acid Derivatives and Their Antiproliferative Activity on HT 29 Cancer Cells. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24203714. [PMID: 31619025 PMCID: PMC6832665 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24203714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
9-Hydroxystearic acid (9-HSA) is an endogenous cellular lipid that possesses antiproliferative and selective effects against cancer cells. A series of derivatives were synthesized in order to investigate the effect of the substituent in position 9 and on the methyl ester functionality on the biological activity. The two separate enantiomers of methyl 9-hydroxystearate and of methyl 9-aminostearate showed antiproliferative activity against the HT29 cell line. This indicates the importance of position 9 groups being able to make hydrogen bonding with the molecular target. Further, this effect must be preserved when the carboxy group of 9-HSA is esterified. The biological tests showed that the amines, contrarily to methyl esters, resulted in cytotoxicity. A deep investigation on the effect of methyl (R)-9-hydroxystearate on HT29 cells showed an antiproliferative effect acting through the CDKN1A and MYCBP gene expression.
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Asaro F, Boga C, Demitri N, De Zorzi R, Drioli S, Gigli L, Micheletti G, Nitti P, Zangrando E. X-Ray Crystal Structures and Organogelator Properties of (R)-9-Hydroxystearic Acid. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 24:molecules24152854. [PMID: 31390777 PMCID: PMC6695734 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24152854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2019] [Revised: 08/02/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
(R)-9-hydroxystearic acid, (R)-9-HSA, is a chiral nonracemic hydroxyacid of natural origin possessing interesting properties as an antiproliferative agent against different cancer types. Considering its potential application for medical and pharmaceutical purposes, the structures and rheological properties of (R)-9-HSA were investigated. Oscillatory rheology measurements reveal that (R)-9-HSA gels only paraffin oil, with less efficiency and thermal stability than its positional isomer (R)-12-HSA. Conversely, (R)-9-HSA affords crystals from methanol, acetonitrile, and carbon tetrachloride. The single crystal structures obtained both at 293 K and 100 K show non-centrosymmetric twisted carboxylic acid dimers linked at the midchain OHs into long, unidirectional chains of hydrogen bonds, owing to head-tail ordering of the molecules. Synchrotron X-ray powder diffraction experiments, performed on the solids obtained from different solvents, show the occurrence of polymorphism in paraffin oil and through thermal treatment of the solid from methanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fioretta Asaro
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Carla Boga
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari", University of Bologna, viale del Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Nicola Demitri
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, S.S. 14 Km 163.5 in Area Science Park, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Rita De Zorzi
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Sara Drioli
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
| | - Lara Gigli
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, S.S. 14 Km 163.5 in Area Science Park, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy
| | - Gabriele Micheletti
- Department of Industrial Chemistry "Toso Montanari", University of Bologna, viale del Risorgimento 4, 40136 Bologna, Italy
| | - Patrizia Nitti
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
| | - Ennio Zangrando
- Department of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Trieste, via L. Giorgieri 1, 34127 Trieste, Italy
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