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Zhao L, Zhao M, Zhou X, Yuan R, Zhong X, Zhuo Y. A close-looped DNAzyme walker with an available catalytic domain for electrochemiluminescent detection of acetamiprid. Food Chem 2024; 458:140202. [PMID: 38954955 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/04/2024]
Abstract
Traditional DNA walkers face enormous challenges due to limited biostability and reaction kinetics. Herein, we designed a self-driven close-looped DNAzyme walker (cl-DW) with high structural biostability and catalytic activity that enabled rapid electrochemiluminescence (ECL) detection of pesticide residue acetamiprid. Specifically, cl-DW exhibited increasing ability to resist nuclease degradation with a 570-fold longer half-degradation time than that of the single-stranded DNAzyme walker (ss-DW) due to the protected DNA terminal. Furthermore, cl-DW achieved high catalytic activity with a 4.3-fold faster reaction kinetic than that of ss-DW due to the circularized nanostructure of an available catalytic domain. Consequently, we utilized cl-DW as a signal amplifier and tin-based sulfide (SnS2) nanoflowers as ECL emitters to construct an ECL aptasensor, which realized the sensitive detection of acetamiprid with a limit of detection of 0.85 nM. This work provides a reliable approach to exploring DNA walkers with high catalytic activity and better biostability for molecular monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Meiling Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Xuemei Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Ruo Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China
| | - Xia Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China.
| | - Ying Zhuo
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, PR China.
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2
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Koksaldi I, Park D, Atilla A, Kang H, Kim J, Seker UOS. RNA-Based Sensor Systems for Affordable Diagnostics in the Age of Pandemics. ACS Synth Biol 2024; 13:1026-1037. [PMID: 38588603 PMCID: PMC11036506 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.3c00698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
In the era of the COVID-19 pandemic, the significance of point-of-care (POC) diagnostic tools has become increasingly vital, driven by the need for quick and precise virus identification. RNA-based sensors, particularly toehold sensors, have emerged as promising candidates for POC detection systems due to their selectivity and sensitivity. Toehold sensors operate by employing an RNA switch that changes the conformation when it binds to a target RNA molecule, resulting in a detectable signal. This review focuses on the development and deployment of RNA-based sensors for POC viral RNA detection with a particular emphasis on toehold sensors. The benefits and limits of toehold sensors are explored, and obstacles and future directions for improving their performance within POC detection systems are presented. The use of RNA-based sensors as a technology for rapid and sensitive detection of viral RNA holds great potential for effectively managing (dealing/coping) with present and future pandemics in resource-constrained settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilkay
Cisil Koksaldi
- UNAM
− Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, National
Nanotechnology Research Center (UNAM), Bilkent
University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Dongwon Park
- Department
of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science
and Technology, Pohang 37673, South Korea
| | - Abdurahman Atilla
- UNAM
− Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, National
Nanotechnology Research Center (UNAM), Bilkent
University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Hansol Kang
- Department
of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science
and Technology, Pohang 37673, South Korea
| | - Jongmin Kim
- Department
of Life Sciences, Pohang University of Science
and Technology, Pohang 37673, South Korea
| | - Urartu Ozgur Safak Seker
- UNAM
− Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, National
Nanotechnology Research Center (UNAM), Bilkent
University, Ankara 06800, Turkey
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3
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O’Brien C, Khor CK, Ardalan S, Ignaszak A. Multiplex electrochemical sensing platforms for the detection of breast cancer biomarkers. FRONTIERS IN MEDICAL TECHNOLOGY 2024; 6:1360510. [PMID: 38425422 PMCID: PMC10902167 DOI: 10.3389/fmedt.2024.1360510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Herein, advancements in electroanalytical devices for the simultaneous detection of diverse breast cancer (BC) markers are demonstrated. This article identifies several important areas of exploration for electrochemical diagnostics and highlights important factors that are pivotal for the successful deployment of novel bioanalytical devices. We have highlighted that the limits of detection (LOD) reported for the multiplex electrochemical biosensor can surpass the sensitivity displayed by current clinical standards such as ELISA, FISH, and PCR. HER-2; a breast cancer marker characterised by increased metastatic potential, more aggressive development, and poor clinical outcomes; can be sensed with a LOD of 0.5 ng/ml using electrochemical multiplex platforms, which falls within the range of that measured by ELISA (from picogram/ml to nanogram/ml). Electrochemical multiplex biosensors are reported with detection limits of 0.53 ng/ml and 0.21 U/ml for MUC-1 and CA 15-3, respectively, or 5.8 × 10-3 U/ml for CA 15-3 alone. The sensitivity of electrochemical assays is improved when compared to conventional analysis of MUC-1 protein which is detected at 11-12 ng/ml, and ≤30 U/ml for CA 15-3 in the current clinical blood tests. The LOD for micro-ribonucleic acid (miRNA) biomarkers analyzed by electrochemical multiplex assays were all notedly superior at 9.79 × 10-16 M, 3.58 × 10-15 M, and 2.54 × 10-16 M for miRNA-155, miRNA-21, and miRNA-16, respectively. The dogma in miRNA testing is the qRT-PCR method, which reports ranges in the ng/ml level for the same miRNAs. Breast cancer exosomes, which are being explored as a new frontier of biosensing, have been detected electrochemically with an LOD of 103-108 particles/mL and can exceed detection limits seen by the tracking and analysis of nanoparticles (∼ 107 particles/ml), flow cytometry, Western blotting and ELISA, etc. A range of concentration at 78-5,000 pg/ml for RANKL and 16-1,000 pg/ml for TNF is reported for ELISA assay while LOD values of 2.6 and 3.0 pg/ml for RANKL and TNF, respectively, are demonstrated by the electrochemical dual immunoassay platform. Finally, EGFR and VEGF markers can be quantified at much lower concentrations (0.01 and 0.005 pg/ml for EGFR and VEGF, respectively) as compared to their ELISA assays (EGRF at 0.31-20 ng/ml and VEGF at 31.3-2,000 pg/ml). In this study we hope to answer several questions: (1) Are the limits of detection (LODs) reported for multiplex electrochemical biosensors of clinical relevance and how do they compare to well-established methods like ELISA, FISH, or PCR? (2) Can a single sensor electrode be used for the detection of multiple markers from one blood drop? (3) What mechanism of electrochemical biosensing is the most promising, and what technological advancements are needed to utilize these devices for multiplex POC detection? (4) Can nanotechnology advance the sensitive and selective diagnostics of multiple BC biomarkers? (5) Are there preferred receptors (antibody, nucleic acid or their combinations) and preferred biosensor designs (complementary methods, sandwich-type protocols, antibody/aptamer concept, label-free protocol)? (6) Why are we still without FDA-approved electrochemical multiplex devices for BC screening?
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Affiliation(s)
- Connor O’Brien
- Faculty of Medicine, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John’s, NL, Canada
| | - Chun Keat Khor
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada
| | - Sina Ardalan
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada
| | - Anna Ignaszak
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB, Canada
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4
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Craig JS, Melidis L, Williams HD, Dettmer SJ, Heidecker AA, Altmann PJ, Guan S, Campbell C, Browning DF, Sigel RKO, Johannsen S, Egan RT, Aikman B, Casini A, Pöthig A, Hannon MJ. Organometallic Pillarplexes That Bind DNA 4-Way Holliday Junctions and Forks. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37318835 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c00118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Holliday 4-way junctions are key to important biological DNA processes (insertion, recombination, and repair) and are dynamic structures that adopt either open or closed conformations, the open conformation being the biologically active form. Tetracationic metallo-supramolecular pillarplexes display aryl faces about a cylindrical core, an ideal structure to interact with open DNA junction cavities. Combining experimental studies and MD simulations, we show that an Au pillarplex can bind DNA 4-way (Holliday) junctions in their open form, a binding mode not accessed by synthetic agents before. Pillarplexes can bind 3-way junctions too, but their large size leads them to open up and expand that junction, disrupting the base pairing, which manifests in an increased hydrodynamic size and lower junction thermal stability. At high loading, they rearrange both 4-way and 3-way junctions into Y-shaped forks to increase the available junction-like binding sites. Isostructural Ag pillarplexes show similar DNA junction binding behavior but lower solution stability. This pillarplex binding contrasts with (but complements) that of metallo-supramolecular cylinders, which prefer 3-way junctions and can rearrange 4-way junctions into 3-way junction structures. The pillarplexes' ability to bind open 4-way junctions creates exciting possibilities to modulate and switch such structures in biology, as well as in synthetic nucleic acid nanostructures. In human cells, the pillarplexes do reach the nucleus, with antiproliferative activity at levels similar to those of cisplatin. The findings provide a new roadmap for targeting higher-order junction structures using a metallo-supramolecular approach, as well as expanding the toolbox available to design bioactive junction binders into organometallic chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Roland K O Sigel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstr. 190, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Silke Johannsen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstr. 190, 8057 Zürich, Switzerland
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5
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Yarra SS, Ashok G, Mohan U. "Toehold Switches; a foothold for Synthetic Biology". Biotechnol Bioeng 2023; 120:932-952. [PMID: 36527224 DOI: 10.1002/bit.28309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Toehold switches are de novo designed riboregulators that contain two RNA components interacting through linear-linear RNA interactions, regulating the gene expression. These are highly versatile, exhibit excellent orthogonality, wide dynamic range, and are highly programmable, so can be used for various applications in synthetic biology. In this review, we summarized and discussed the design characteristics and benefits of toehold switch riboregulators over conventional riboregulators. We also discussed applications and recent advancements of toehold switch riboregulators in various fields like gene editing, DNA nanotechnology, translational repression, and diagnostics (detection of microRNAs and some pathogens). Toehold switches, therefore, furnished advancement in synthetic biology applications in various fields with their prominent features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Sumanjali Yarra
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER) Kolkata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Ganapathy Ashok
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER) Kolkata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Utpal Mohan
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education & Research (NIPER) Kolkata, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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6
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Qi M, Shi P, Zhang X, Cui S, Liu Y, Zhou S, Zhang Q. Reconfigurable DNA triplex structure for pH responsive logic gates †. RSC Adv 2023; 13:9864-9870. [PMID: 36998523 PMCID: PMC10043996 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00536d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The DNA triplex is a special DNA structure often used as a logic gate substrate due to its high stability, programmability, and pH responsiveness. However, multiple triplex structures with different C−G−C+ proportions must be introduced into existing triplex logic gates due to the numerous logic calculations involved. This requirement complicates circuit design and results in many reaction by-products, greatly restricting the construction of large-scale logic circuits. Thus, we designed a new reconfigurable DNA triplex structure (RDTS) and constructed the pH-responsive logic gates through its conformational change that uses two types of logic calculations, ‘AND’ and ‘OR’. The use of these logic calculations necessitates fewer substrates, further enhancing the extensibility of the logic circuit. This result is expected to promote the development of the triplex in molecular computing and facilitate the completion of large-scale computing networks. We constructed pH-responsive logic gates through substrate conformational change that uses two types of logic calculations, ‘AND’ and ‘OR’. Our logic gates necessitate fewer substrates when two types of logic calculations are needed.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxuan Qi
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Intelligent Computing, Ministry of Education, School of Software Engineering, Dalian UniversityDalian 116622China
| | - Peijun Shi
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China
| | - Xiaokang Zhang
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China
| | - Shuang Cui
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China
| | - Yuan Liu
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Dalian University of TechnologyDalian 116024China
| | - Shihua Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Intelligent Computing, Ministry of Education, School of Software Engineering, Dalian UniversityDalian 116622China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Intelligent Computing, Ministry of Education, School of Software Engineering, Dalian UniversityDalian 116622China
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7
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Toehold-mediated biosensors: Types, mechanisms and biosensing strategies. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 220:114922. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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8
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Zhu J, Kong J, Keyser UF, Wang E. Parallel DNA circuits by autocatalytic strand displacement and nanopore readout. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:15507-15515. [PMID: 36227155 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr04048d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
DNA nanotechnology provides a unique opportunity for molecular computation, with strand displacement reactions enabling controllable reorganization of nanostructures. Additional DNA strand exchange strategies with high selectivity for input will enable novel complex systems including biosensing applications. Herein, we propose an autocatalytic strand displacement (ACSD) circuit: initiated by DNA breathing and accelerated by a seesaw catalytic reaction, ACSD ensures that only the correct base sequence starts the catalytic cycle. Analogous to an electronic circuit with a variable resistor, two ACSD reactions with different rates are connected in parallel to mimic a parallel circuit containing branches with different resistances. Finally, we introduce a multiplexed nanopore sensing platform to report the output results of a parallel path selection system at the single-molecule level. By combining the ACSD strategy with fast and sensitive single-molecule nanopore readout, a new generation of DNA-based computing tools is established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbo Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China.
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thompson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK.
| | - Jinglin Kong
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thompson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK.
| | - Ulrich F Keyser
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thompson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, UK.
| | - Erkang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China.
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9
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10
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Pei Y, Bian T, Liu Y, Liu Y, Xie Y, Song J. Single-Molecule Resettable DNA Computing via Magnetic Tweezers. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:3003-3010. [PMID: 35357200 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c00183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
DNA-based Boolean logic computing has emerged as a leading technique in biosensing, diagnosis, and therapeutics. Due to the development of the biological and chemical methods, especially the toehold-mediated DNA strand displacement (TMSD) reaction, different logic gates as well as circuits can be performed. However, most of these methods have been conducted at the bulk level, which may lead to missing information and be less controllable. Herein, we engineered single-molecule DNA computing controlled by stretching forces using magnetic tweezers. By tracking the real-time signals of the DNA extension, the output can be determined at a single base-pair resolution. A kinetics-controllable TMSD reaction was realized in the range of a ∼19-fold change of the reaction rate by different stretching forces. OR, AND, and NOT gates were also achieved. In addition, resettable DNA computing using force stretching cycles has been further exemplified. Overall, such a real-time, label-free, and force-controlled single-molecule DNA computing system provided new insight into molecular computing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Pei
- Key Laboratory of Systems Health Science of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, People's Republic of China
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
| | - Tianyuan Bian
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
- Academy of Medical Engineering and Translational Medicine (AMT), Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, P.R. China
| | - Yonglin Liu
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
- School of Molecular Medicine, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, P.R. China
| | - Yan Liu
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
| | - Yujie Xie
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, U.K
| | - Jie Song
- The Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Institute of Basic Medicine and Cancer (IBMC), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, P.R. China
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, P.R. China
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11
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Hart SM, Wang X, Guo J, Bathe M, Schlau-Cohen GS. Tuning Optical Absorption and Emission Using Strongly Coupled Dimers in Programmable DNA Scaffolds. J Phys Chem Lett 2022; 13:1863-1871. [PMID: 35175058 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.1c03848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Molecular materials for light harvesting, computing, and fluorescence imaging require nanoscale integration of electronically active subunits. Variation in the optical absorption and emission properties of the subunits has primarily been achieved through modifications to the chemical structure, which is often synthetically challenging. Here, we introduce a facile method for varying optical absorption and emission properties by changing the geometry of a strongly coupled Cy3 dimer on a double-crossover (DX) DNA tile. Leveraging the versatility and programmability of DNA, we tune the length of the complementary strand so that it "pushes" or "pulls" the dimer, inducing dramatic changes in the photophysics including lifetime differences observable at the ensemble and single-molecule level. The separable lifetimes, along with environmental sensitivity also observed in the photophysics, suggest that the Cy3-DX tile constructs could serve as fluorescence probes for multiplexed imaging. More generally, these constructs establish a framework for easily controllable photophysics via geometric changes to coupled chromophores, which could be applied in light-harvesting devices and molecular electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie M Hart
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Xiao Wang
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Jiajia Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Mark Bathe
- Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Gabriela S Schlau-Cohen
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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12
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Xing C, Zheng X, Zhang Q. Constructing DNA logic circuits based on the toehold preemption mechanism. RSC Adv 2021; 12:338-345. [PMID: 35424506 PMCID: PMC8978688 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra08687a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Strand displacement technology and ribozyme digestion technology have enriched the intelligent toolbox of molecular computing and provided more methods for the construction of DNA logic circuits. In recent years, DNA logic circuits have developed rapidly, and their scalability and accuracy in molecular computing and information processing have been fully demonstrated. However, existing DNA logic circuits still have some problems such as high complexity of DNA strands (number of DNA strands) hindering the expansion of practical computing tasks. In view of the above problems, we presented a toehold preemption mechanism and applied it to construct DNA logic circuits using E6-type DNAzymes, such as half adder circuit, half subtractor circuit, and 4-bit square root logic circuit. Different from the dual-track logic expressions, all the signals in the circuits of this study were monorail which substantially reduced the number of DNA strands in the DNA logic circuits. The presented preemption mechanism provides a way to simplify the implementation of large and complex DNA integrated circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuicui Xing
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Intelligent Computing, Dalian University, Ministry of Education Dalian 116622 China
| | - Xuedong Zheng
- College of Computer Science, Shenyang Aerospace University Shenyang 110136 China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Design and Intelligent Computing, Dalian University, Ministry of Education Dalian 116622 China
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Dalian University of Technology Dalian 116024 China
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13
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Meng Y, Qin N, Hun X. ZnSe nanodisks:Ti 3C 2 MXenes-modified electrode for nucleic acid liquid biopsy with photoelectrochemical strategy. Mikrochim Acta 2021; 189:2. [PMID: 34855037 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-021-05117-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
ZnSe nanodisks:Ti3C2 MXene complex was prepared for the first time. Based on its remarkable photoelectrochemical performance, combined with the enzyme-free toehold-mediated strand displacement reaction, a photoelectrochemical biosensor for the detection of the non-small-cell cancer biomarker ctDNA KRAS G12D was developed. ZnSe nanodisks were in situ grown on Ti3C2 MXene surface by two-step hydrothermal method. The high conductivity and adjustable band gap of MXene significantly enhanced the photoelectric response of ZnSe. Subsequently, the photoelectrochemical biosensor was prepared by combining with the signal amplification function of p-aminophenol and the enzyme-free toehold-mediated strand displacement reaction on the modified ITO electrode surface. Under the optimized conditions, the linear detection range is 0.5 ~ 100.0 fM, and the detection limit is 0.2 fM, which realizes the sensitive detection of KRAS G12D. The photoelectrochemical biosensor constructed opens up a new pathway for the preparation of new Mxene-based composite materials and the research of photoelectrochemical biosensor. Nucleic acid liquid biopsy with ZnSe nanodisks:Ti3C2 MXene photoelectroactive modified electrode.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchan Meng
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 266042, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Nana Qin
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 266042, Qingdao, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Hun
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, 266042, Qingdao, People's Republic of China.
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14
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Zhu J, Yan Z, Bošković F, Haynes CJE, Kieffer M, Greenfield JL, Wang J, Nitschke JR, Keyser UF. Fe II 4L 4 tetrahedron binds and aggregates DNA G-quadruplexes. Chem Sci 2021; 12:14564-14569. [PMID: 34881008 PMCID: PMC8580047 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc04430c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the discovery of the G-quadruplex (G4) structure in telomeres in 1980s, studies have established the role it plays in various biological processes. Here we report binding between DNA G4 and a self-assembled tetrahedral metal-organic cage 1 and consequent formation of aggregates, whereby the cage protects the DNA G4 from cleavage by S1 nuclease. We monitor DNA–cage interaction using fluorescence spectroscopy, firstly by quenching of a fluorescent label appended to the 5′ end of G4. Secondly, we detect the decrease in fluorescence of the G4-selective dyes thioflavin-T and Zn-PPIX bound to various DNA G4 sequences following the addition of cage 1. Our results demonstrate that 1 interacts with a wide range of G4s. Moreover, gel electrophoresis, circular dichroism and dynamic light scattering measurements establish the binding of 1 to G4 and indicate the formation of aggregate structures. Finally, we find that DNA G4 contained in an aggregate of cage 1 is protected from cleavage by S1 nuclease. We find FeII4L4 binds to G-quadruplex and forms aggregates. G-quadruplex in the aggregates is protected from digestion by S1 nuclease.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinbo Zhu
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge JJ Thompson Avenue Cambridge CB3 0HE UK
| | - Zhiqiang Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun Jilin 130022 P. R. China
| | - Filip Bošković
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge JJ Thompson Avenue Cambridge CB3 0HE UK
| | - Cally J E Haynes
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Marion Kieffer
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Jake L Greenfield
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Jin Wang
- Department of Chemistry and of Physics, State University of New York at Stony Brook Stony Brook New York 11794-3400 USA
| | - Jonathan R Nitschke
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge Lensfield Road Cambridge CB2 1EW UK
| | - Ulrich F Keyser
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge JJ Thompson Avenue Cambridge CB3 0HE UK
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Chai H, Cheng W, Jin D, Miao P. Recent Progress in DNA Hybridization Chain Reaction Strategies for Amplified Biosensing. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:38931-38946. [PMID: 34374513 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c09000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
With the continuous development of DNA nanotechnology, various spatial DNA structures and assembly techniques emerge. Hybridization chain reaction (HCR) is a typical example with exciting features and bright prospects in biosensing, which has been intensively investigated in the past decade. In this Spotlight on Applications, we summarize the assembly principles of conventional HCR and some novel forms of linear/nonlinear HCR. With advantages like great assembly kinetics, facile operation, and an enzyme-free and isothermal reaction, these strategies can be integrated with most mainstream reporters (e.g., fluorescence, electrochemistry, and colorimetry) for the ultrasensitive detection of abundant targets. Particularly, we select several representative studies to better illustrate the novel ideas and performances of HCR strategies. Theoretical and practical utilities are confirmed for a range of biosensing applications. In the end, a deep discussion is provided about the challenges and future tasks of this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Chai
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenbo Cheng
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, People's Republic of China
| | - Dayong Jin
- Institute for Biomedical Materials and Devices, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
- UTS-SUStech Joint Research Centre for Biomedical Materials and Devices, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Miao
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215163, People's Republic of China
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Jia Y, Hu Y. Cofactor-assisted three-way DNA junction-driven strand displacement. RSC Adv 2021; 11:30377-30382. [PMID: 35480263 PMCID: PMC9041134 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra05242j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Toehold-mediated strand displacement is widely used to construct and operate DNA nanodevices. Cooperative regulation of strand displacement with diverse factors is pivotal in the design and construction of functional and dynamic devices. Herein, a cofactor-assisted three-way DNA junction-driven strand displacement strategy was reported, which could tune the reaction kinetics by the collaboration of DNA and other types of stimulus. This strategy is responsive to various inputs by incorporation of the specific sequence into the three-way junction structure. Specifically, the cooperation of multiple factors changes the conformation of the specific domain and promotes the reaction. To demonstrate the strategy, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), HG2+, and pH were used as cofactors to modulate the displacement reaction. The electrophoresis and fluorescence experiments showed that the cooperative regulation of the strand displacement reaction could be achieved by diverse factors using this strategy. The proposed strategy provides design flexibility for dynamic DNA devices and may have potential in biosensing and biocomputing. Cooperative regulation of strand displacement with diverse factors was achieved by a cofactor-assisted three-way DNA junction-driven strategy. Using this strategy nanodevices reacted to various inputs by incorporating a specific sequence into the three-way junction structure.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Jia
- School of Economics and Management, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang 050043, P. R. China
| | - Yingxin Hu
- College of Information Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang Tiedao University, Shijiazhuang 050043, P. R. China
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