1
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Verma R, Sharma G, Polshettiwar V. The paradox of thermal vs. non-thermal effects in plasmonic photocatalysis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:7974. [PMID: 39266509 PMCID: PMC11393361 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-51916-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The debate surrounding the roles of thermal and non-thermal pathways in plasmonic catalysis has captured the attention of researchers and sparked vibrant discussions within the scientific community. In this review, we embark on a thorough exploration of this intriguing discourse, starting from fundamental principles and culminating in a detailed understanding of the divergent viewpoints. We probe into the core of the debate by elucidating the behavior of excited charge carriers in illuminated plasmonic nanostructures, which serves as the foundation for the two opposing schools of thought. We present the key arguments and evidence put forth by proponents of both the non-thermal and thermal pathways, providing a perspective on their respective positions. Beyond the theoretical divide, we discussed the evolving methodologies used to unravel these mechanisms. We discuss the use of Arrhenius equations and their variations, shedding light on the ensuing debates about their applicability. Our review emphasizes the significance of localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR), investigating its role in collective charge oscillations and the decay dynamics that influence catalytic processes. We also talked about the nuances of activation energy, exploring its relationship with the nonlinearity of temperature and light intensity dependence on reaction rates. Additionally, we address the intricacies of catalyst surface temperature measurements and their implications in understanding light-triggered reaction dynamics. The review further discusses wavelength-dependent reaction rates, kinetic isotope effects, and competitive electron transfer reactions, offering an all-inclusive view of the field. This review not only maps the current landscape of plasmonic photocatalysis but also facilitates future explorations and innovations to unlock the full potential of plasmon-mediated catalysis, where synergistic approaches could lead to different vistas in chemical transformations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishi Verma
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, 400005, India
| | - Gunjan Sharma
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, 400005, India
| | - Vivek Polshettiwar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai, 400005, India.
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2
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Mokkath JH. Hot carrier creation in a nanoparticle dimer-molecule composite. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:14796-14807. [PMID: 38717785 DOI: 10.1039/d4cp00950a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
Light-matter interactions have garnered considerable interest owing to their burgeoning applications in quantum optics and plasmonics. Utilizing first principles calculations, this work explores the hot carrier (HC) generation and distribution within a composite system made up of a plasmonic nanoparticle dimer and linear polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) molecules. We examine the spatial and energetic distributions of HCs by initiating photoexcitation and allowing localized surface plasmon dephasing. By positioning PAH molecules within the plasmonic nanodimer's gap region, our investigation uncovers HC tuning. Notably, depending on the size of the PAH molecules, there are significant alterations in the HC distribution. Hot electrons (HEs) are distributed across both the nanodimer and the PAH molecule, while hot holes (HHs) become entirely localized on the PAH as the PAH grows larger. These findings improve our understanding of plasmon-molecule coupled states and provide guidance on how to customize HC distributions through the creation of hybrid plasmonic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junais Habeeb Mokkath
- College of Integrative Studies, Abdullah Al Salem University (AASU), Block 3, Khaldiya, Kuwait.
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3
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Kong T, Liao A, Xu Y, Qiao X, Zhang H, Zhang L, Zhang C. Recent advances and mechanism of plasmonic metal-semiconductor photocatalysis. RSC Adv 2024; 14:17041-17050. [PMID: 38808242 PMCID: PMC11130645 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra02808b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Benefiting from the unique surface plasmon properties, plasmonic metal nanoparticles can convert light energy into chemical energy, which is considered as a potential technique for enhancing plasmon-induced semiconductor photocatalytic reactions. Due to the shortcomings of large bandgap and high carrier recombination rate of semiconductors, their applications are limited in the field of sustainable and clean energy sources. Different forms of plasmonic nanoparticles have been reported to improve the photocatalytic reactions of adjacent semiconductors, such as water splitting, carbon dioxide reduction, and organic pollutant degradation. Although there are various reports on plasmonic metal-semiconductor photocatalysis, the related mechanism and frontier progress still need to be further explored. This review provides a brief explanation of the four main mechanisms of plasmonic metal-semiconductor photocatalysis, namely, (i) enhanced local electromagnetic field, (ii) light scattering, (iii) plasmon-induced hot carrier injection and (iv) plasmon-induced resonance energy transfer; some related typical frontier applications are also discussed. The study on the mechanism of plasmonic semiconductor complexes will be favourable to develop a new high-performance semiconductor photocatalysis technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Kong
- School of Science, Xi'an University of Posts & Telecommunications Xi'an 710121 China
| | - Aizhen Liao
- School of Science, Xi'an University of Posts & Telecommunications Xi'an 710121 China
| | - Yonggang Xu
- School of Science, Xi'an University of Posts & Telecommunications Xi'an 710121 China
| | - Xiaoshuang Qiao
- School of Science, Xi'an University of Posts & Telecommunications Xi'an 710121 China
| | - Hanlu Zhang
- School of Science, Xi'an University of Posts & Telecommunications Xi'an 710121 China
| | - Linji Zhang
- School of Science, Xi'an University of Posts & Telecommunications Xi'an 710121 China
| | - Chengyun Zhang
- School of Electronic Engineering, Xi'an University of Posts & Telecommunications Xi'an 710121 China
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4
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Dey A, Silveira VR, Vadell RB, Lindblad A, Lindblad R, Shtender V, Görlin M, Sá J. Exploiting hot electrons from a plasmon nanohybrid system for the photoelectroreduction of CO 2. Commun Chem 2024; 7:59. [PMID: 38509134 PMCID: PMC10954701 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-024-01149-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Plasmonic materials convert light into hot carriers and heat to mediate catalytic transformation. The participation of hot carriers (photocatalysis) remains a subject of vigorous debate, often argued on the basis that carriers have ultrashort lifetime incompatible with drive photochemical processes. This study utilises plasmon hot electrons directly in the photoelectrocatalytic reduction of CO2 to CO via a Ppasmonic nanohybrid. Through the deliberate construction of a plasmonic nanohybrid system comprising NiO/Au/ReI(phen-NH2)(CO)3Cl (phen-NH2 = 1,10-Phenanthrolin-5-amine) that is unstable above 580 K; it was possible to demonstrate hot electrons are the main culprit in CO2 reduction. The engagement of hot electrons in the catalytic process is derived from many approaches that cover the processes in real-time, from ultrafast charge generation and separation to catalysis occurring on the minute scale. Unbiased in situ FTIR spectroscopy confirmed the stepwise reduction of the catalytic system. This, coupled with the low thermal stability of the ReI(phen-NH2)(CO)3Cl complex, explicitly establishes plasmonic hot carriers as the primary contributors to the process. Therefore, mediating catalytic reactions by plasmon hot carriers is feasible and holds promise for further exploration. Plasmonic nanohybrid systems can leverage plasmon's unique photophysics and capabilities because they expedite the carrier's lifetime.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ananta Dey
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström, Physical Chemistry division, Uppsala University, 751 20, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Vitor R Silveira
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström, Physical Chemistry division, Uppsala University, 751 20, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Robert Bericat Vadell
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström, Physical Chemistry division, Uppsala University, 751 20, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Andreas Lindblad
- Department of Physics, Division of X-ray Photon Science, Uppsala University, 751 21, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Rebecka Lindblad
- Department of Physics, Division of X-ray Photon Science, Uppsala University, 751 21, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Vitalii Shtender
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Division of Applied Materials Science, Uppsala University, 75103, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mikaela Görlin
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström, Structural Chemistry division, Uppsala University, 751 20, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Jacinto Sá
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström, Physical Chemistry division, Uppsala University, 751 20, Uppsala, Sweden.
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Marcina Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224, Warsaw, Poland.
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5
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Mokkath JH. Plasmon induced hot carrier distribution in Ag 20 -CO composite. Chemphyschem 2024; 25:e202300602. [PMID: 38185742 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202300602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
The interaction between plasmons and the molecules leads to the transfer of plasmon-induced hot carriers, presenting innovative opportunities for controlling chemical reactions on sub-femtosecond timescales. Through real-time time-dependent density functional theory simulations, we have investigated the enhancement of the electric field due to plasmon excitation and the subsequent generation and transfer of plasmon-induced hot carriers in a linear atomic chain of Ag20 and an Ag20 -CO composite system. By applying a Gaussian laser pulse tuned to align with the plasmon frequency, we observe a plasmon-induced transfer of hot electrons from the occupied states of Ag to the unoccupied molecular orbitals of CO. Remarkably, there is a pronounced accumulation of hot electrons and hot holes on the C and O atoms. This phenomenon arises from the electron migration from the inter-nuclear regions of the C-O bond towards the individual C and O atoms. The insights garnered from our study hold the potential to drive advancements in the development of more efficient systems for catalytic processes empowered by plasmonic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junais Habeeb Mokkath
- Quantum Nanophotonics Simulations Lab, Department of Physics, Kuwait College of Science And Technology, Doha Area, 7th Ring Road, P.O. Box, 27235, Kuwait
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6
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Hwang KC, Banerjee P, Shanmugam M. Mid-IR Light-Activatable Full Spectrum LaB 6 Plasmonic Photocatalyst. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2307054. [PMID: 37918970 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202307054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023]
Abstract
Photocatalysts as long-lasting, benign reagents for disinfection of bacteria in hospitals and public areas/facilities/transportation vehicles are strongly needed. A common limitation for all existing semiconductor photocatalysts is the requirement of activation by external UV-vis-near-infrared (NIR) light with wavelengths shorter than ≈1265 nm. None of the existing photocatalysts can function during nighttime in the absence of external light. Herein, an unprecedented LaB6 plasmonic photocatalyst is reported, which can absorb UV-vis-NIR light and mid-IR (3900 nm) light to split water and generate hydrogen and hydroxyl radicals for the decomposition of organic pollutants, as well as kill multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli bacteria. Mid-IR light (≈2-50 µm) is readily available from the natural environments via thermal radiation of warm/hot objects on the earth including human bodies, animals, furnances, hot/warm electrical devices, and buildings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo Chu Hwang
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Payal Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
| | - Munusamy Shanmugam
- Department of Chemistry, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, 30013, Taiwan
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7
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Yang JL, Wang HJ, Qi X, Zheng QN, Tian JH, Zhang H, Li JF. Understanding the Behaviors of Plasmon-Induced Hot Carriers and Their Applications in Photocatalysis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 38412551 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c00709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Photocatalysis driven by plasmon-induced hot carriers has been gaining increasing attention. Recent studies have demonstrated that plasmon-induced hot carriers can directly participate in photocatalytic reactions, leading to great enhancement in solar energy conversion efficiency, by improving the catalytic activity or changing selectivity. Nevertheless, the utilization efficiency of hot carriers remains unsatisfactory. Therefore, how to correctly understand the generation and transfer process of hot carriers, as well as accurately differentiate between the possible mechanisms, have become a key point of attention. In this review, we overview the fundamental processes and mechanisms underlying hot carrier generation and transport, followed by highlighting the importance of hot carrier monitoring methods and related photocatalytic reactions. Furthermore, possible strategies for the further characterization of plasmon-induced hot carriers and boosting their utilization efficiency have been proposed. We hope that a comprehensive understanding of the fundamental behaviors of hot carriers can aid in designing more efficient photocatalysts for plasmon-induced photocatalytic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Liang Yang
- College of Physics, Guizhou Province Key Laboratory for Photoelectrics Technology and Application, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Hong-Jia Wang
- College of Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Energy, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Xiaosi Qi
- College of Physics, Guizhou Province Key Laboratory for Photoelectrics Technology and Application, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Qing-Na Zheng
- College of Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Energy, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Jing-Hua Tian
- Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- College of Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Energy, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen 361102, China
| | - Jian-Feng Li
- College of Materials, State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Energy, Fujian Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
- Innovation Laboratory for Sciences and Technologies of Energy Materials of Fujian Province (IKKEM), Xiamen 361102, China
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Environment, Minnan Normal University, Zhangzhou 363000, China
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8
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Fojt J, Rossi TP, Kumar PV, Erhart P. Tailoring Hot-Carrier Distributions of Plasmonic Nanostructures through Surface Alloying. ACS NANO 2024; 18:6398-6405. [PMID: 38363179 PMCID: PMC10906084 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c11418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Alloyed metal nanoparticles are a promising platform for plasmonically enabled hot-carrier generation, which can be used to drive photochemical reactions. Although the non-plasmonic component in these systems has been investigated for its potential to enhance catalytic activity, its capacity to affect the photochemical process favorably has been underexplored by comparison. Here, we study the impact of surface alloy species and concentration on hot-carrier generation in Ag nanoparticles. By first-principles simulations, we photoexcite the localized surface plasmon, allow it to dephase, and calculate spatially and energetically resolved hot-carrier distributions. We show that the presence of non-noble species in the topmost surface layer drastically enhances hot-hole generation at the surface at the expense of hot-hole generation in the bulk, due to the additional d-type states that are introduced to the surface. The energy of the generated holes can be tuned by choice of the alloyant, with systematic trends across the d-band block. Already low surface alloy concentrations have a large impact, with a saturation of the enhancement effect typically close to 75% of a monolayer. Hot-electron generation at the surface is hindered slightly by alloying, but here a judicious choice of the alloy composition allows one to strike a balance between hot electrons and holes. Our work underscores the promise of utilizing multicomponent nanoparticles to achieve enhanced control over plasmonic catalysis and provides guidelines for how hot-carrier distributions can be tailored by designing the electronic structure of the surface through alloying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Fojt
- Department
of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Tuomas P. Rossi
- Department
of Applied Physics, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Priyank V. Kumar
- School
of Chemical Engineering, The University
of New South Wales, 2052 Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Paul Erhart
- Department
of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
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9
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Vanzan M, Gil G, Castaldo D, Nordlander P, Corni S. Energy Transfer to Molecular Adsorbates by Transient Hot Electron Spillover. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:2719-2725. [PMID: 37010208 PMCID: PMC10103299 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Hot electron (HE) photocatalysis is one of the most intriguing fields of nanoscience, with a clear potential for technological impact. Despite much effort, the mechanisms of HE photocatalysis are not fully understood. Here we investigate a mechanism based on transient electron spillover on a molecule and subsequent energy release into vibrational modes. We use state-of-the-art real-time Time Dependent Density Functional Theory (rt-TDDFT), simulating the dynamics of a HE moving within linear chains of Ag or Au atoms, on which CO, N2, or H2O are adsorbed. We estimate the energy a HE can release into adsorbate vibrational modes and show that certain modes are selectively activated. The energy transfer strongly depends on the adsorbate, the metal, and the HE energy. Considering a cumulative effect from multiple HEs, we estimate this mechanism can transfer tenths of an eV to molecular vibrations and could play an important role in HE photocatalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mirko Vanzan
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
- Department
of Physics, University of Milan, Via Celoria 16, 20133 Milan, Italy
| | - Gabriel Gil
- Instituto
de Cibernetica, Matematica y Física, Calle E esq 15 Vedado, 10400 La Habana, Cuba
| | - Davide Castaldo
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Peter Nordlander
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Stefano Corni
- Department
of Chemical Sciences, University of Padova, Via Marzolo 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
- CNR
Institute of Nanoscience, via Campi 213/A, 41125 Modena, Italy
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10
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Verma R, Belgamwar R, Chatterjee P, Bericat-Vadell R, Sa J, Polshettiwar V. Nickel-Laden Dendritic Plasmonic Colloidosomes of Black Gold: Forced Plasmon Mediated Photocatalytic CO 2 Hydrogenation. ACS NANO 2023; 17:4526-4538. [PMID: 36780645 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c10470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we have designed and synthesized nickel-laden dendritic plasmonic colloidosomes of Au (black gold-Ni). The photocatalytic CO2 hydrogenation activities of black gold-Ni increased dramatically to the extent that measurable photoactivity was only observed with the black gold-Ni catalyst, with a very high photocatalytic CO production rate (2464 ± 40 mmol gNi-1 h-1) and 95% selectivity. Notably, the reaction was carried out in a flow reactor at low temperature and atmospheric pressure without external heating. The catalyst was stable for at least 100 h. Ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy studies indicated indirect hot-electron transfer from the black gold to Ni in less than 100 fs, corroborated by a reduction in Au-plasmon electron-phonon lifetime and a bleach signal associated with Ni d-band filling. Photocatalytic reaction rates on excited black gold-Ni showed a superlinear power law dependence on the light intensity, with a power law exponent of 5.6, while photocatalytic quantum efficiencies increased with an increase in light intensity and reaction temperature, which indicated the hot-electron-mediated mechanism. The kinetic isotope effect (KIE) in light (1.91) was higher than that in the dark (∼1), which further indicated the electron-driven plasmonic CO2 hydrogenation. Black gold-Ni catalyzed CO2 hydrogenation in the presence of an electron-accepting molecule, methyl-p-benzoquinone, reduced the CO production rate, asserting the hot-electron-mediated mechanism. Operando diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS) showed that CO2 hydrogenation took place by a direct dissociation path via linearly bonded Ni-CO intermediates. The outstanding catalytic performance of black gold-Ni may provide a way to develop plasmonic catalysts for CO2 reduction and other catalytic processes using black gold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rishi Verma
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Rajesh Belgamwar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Pratip Chatterjee
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Mumbai 400005, India
| | - Robert Bericat-Vadell
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75120, Sweden
| | - Jacinto Sa
- Department of Chemistry-Ångström Laboratory, Uppsala University, Uppsala 75120, Sweden
| | - Vivek Polshettiwar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), Mumbai 400005, India
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11
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Bericat-Vadell R, Zou X, Drillet M, Corvoysier H, Silveira VR, Konezny SJ, Sá J. Carrier Dynamics in Solution-Processed CuI as a P-Type Semiconductor: The Origin of Negative Photoconductivity. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:1007-1013. [PMID: 36693133 PMCID: PMC9900634 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.2c03720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
There is an urgent need for efficient solution-processable p-type semiconductors. Copper(I) iodide (CuI) has attracted attention as a potential candidate due to its good electrical properties and ease of preparation. However, its carrier dynamics still need to be better understood. Carrier dynamics after bandgap excitation yielded a convoluted signal of free carriers (positive signal) and a negative feature, which was also present when the material was excited with sub-bandgap excitation energies. This previously unseen feature was found to be dependent on measurement temperature and attributed to negative photoconductivity. The unexpected signal relates to the formation of polarons or strongly bound excitons. The possibility of coupling CuI to plasmonic sensitizers is also tested, yielding positive results. The outcomes mentioned above could have profound implications regarding the applicability of CuI in photocatalytic and photovoltaic systems and could also open a whole new range of possible applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Bericat-Vadell
- Physical
Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry - Angstrom Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, 751 20Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Xianshao Zou
- Physical
Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry - Angstrom Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, 751 20Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Mélio Drillet
- Physical
Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry - Angstrom Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, 751 20Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Hugo Corvoysier
- Physical
Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry - Angstrom Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, 751 20Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Vitor R. Silveira
- Physical
Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry - Angstrom Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, 751 20Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Steven J. Konezny
- Departments
of Physics and Chemistry and Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University, 217 Prospect Street, P.O. Box
208120, New Haven, Connecticut06520-8120, United States
| | - Jacinto Sá
- Physical
Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry - Angstrom Laboratory, Uppsala University, Box 523, 751 20Uppsala, Sweden
- Institute
of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of
Sciences, Marcina Kasprzaka
44/52, 01-224Warsaw, Poland
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12
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Fojt J, Rossi TP, Kuisma M, Erhart P. Hot-Carrier Transfer across a Nanoparticle-Molecule Junction: The Importance of Orbital Hybridization and Level Alignment. NANO LETTERS 2022; 22:8786-8792. [PMID: 36200744 PMCID: PMC9650767 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c02327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
While direct hot-carrier transfer can increase photocatalytic activity, it is difficult to discern experimentally and competes with several other mechanisms. To shed light on these aspects, here, we model from first-principles hot-carrier generation across the interface between plasmonic nanoparticles and a CO molecule. The hot-electron transfer probability depends nonmonotonically on the nanoparticle-molecule distance and can be effective at long distances, even before a strong chemical bond can form; hot-hole transfer on the other hand is limited to shorter distances. These observations can be explained by the energetic alignment between molecular and nanoparticle states as well as the excitation frequency. The hybridization of the molecular orbitals is the key predictor for hot-carrier transfer in these systems, emphasizing the necessity of ground state hybridization for accurate predictions. Finally, we show a nontrivial dependence of the hot-carrier distribution on the excitation energy, which could be exploited when optimizing photocatalytic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Fojt
- Department
of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Tuomas P. Rossi
- Department
of Applied Physics, Aalto University, FI-00076 Aalto, Finland
| | - Mikael Kuisma
- Department
of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens
Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Paul Erhart
- Department
of Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
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13
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Plasmonic phenomena in molecular junctions: principles and applications. Nat Rev Chem 2022; 6:681-704. [PMID: 37117494 DOI: 10.1038/s41570-022-00423-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Molecular junctions are building blocks for constructing future nanoelectronic devices that enable the investigation of a broad range of electronic transport properties within nanoscale regions. Crossing both the nanoscopic and mesoscopic length scales, plasmonics lies at the intersection of the macroscopic photonics and nanoelectronics, owing to their capability of confining light to dimensions far below the diffraction limit. Research activities on plasmonic phenomena in molecular electronics started around 2010, and feedback between plasmons and molecular junctions has increased over the past years. These efforts can provide new insights into the near-field interaction and the corresponding tunability in properties, as well as resultant plasmon-based molecular devices. This Review presents the latest advancements of plasmonic resonances in molecular junctions and details the progress in plasmon excitation and plasmon coupling. We also highlight emerging experimental approaches to unravel the mechanisms behind the various types of light-matter interactions at molecular length scales, where quantum effects come into play. Finally, we discuss the potential of these plasmonic-electronic hybrid systems across various future applications, including sensing, photocatalysis, molecular trapping and active control of molecular switches.
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14
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Li H, Wang S, Wang M, Gao Y, Tang J, Zhao S, Chi H, Zhang P, Qu J, Fan F, Li C. Enhancement of Plasmon-Induced Photoelectrocatalytic Water Oxidation over Au/TiO 2 with Lithium Intercalation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202204272. [PMID: 35535639 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202204272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Plasmon-induced chemical reaction is an emerging field but its development faces huge challenges because of low quantum efficiency. Herein, we report that the solar energy conversion efficiency of Au/TiO2 in plasmon-induced water oxidation is greatly enhanced by intercalating Li+ into TiO2 . An incident photon-to-current efficiency as high as 2.0 %@520 nm is achieved by Au/Li0.2 TiO2 in photoelectrocatalytic water oxidation, realizing a 33-fold enhancement in photocurrent density compared with Au/TiO2 . The superior photoelectrocatalytic performance is mainly ascribed to the enhanced electric conductivity and higher catalytic activity of Li0.2 TiO2 . Furthermore, the ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy suggests that lithium intercalation into TiO2 could change the dynamics of hot electron relaxation in Au nanoparticles. This work demonstrates that intercalation of alkaline ions into semiconductors can promote the charge separation efficiency of the plasmonic effect of Au/TiO2 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian, 116023, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shengyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Mingtan Wang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.,Division of Energy Storage, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Yuying Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Jianbo Tang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.,State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Shengli Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, 116023, China.,College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, China
| | - Haibo Chi
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian, 116023, China.,School of Chemical and Materials Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, China
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian, 116023, China.,College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, China
| | - Jiangshan Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian, 116023, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Fengtao Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian, 116023, China
| | - Can Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy, Dalian, 116023, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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15
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Heterogeneous Nanoplasmonic Amplifiers for Photocatalysis’s Application: A Theoretical Study. Catalysts 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/catal12070771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The higher cost of Ag and Au and their resonance frequency shift limitation opened the way to find an alternative solution by developing new nanohybrid antenna based on silicon and silicon dioxide coated with metallic nanoparticles. The latter has been recently solicited as a promising configuration for more large-scale plasmonic utilisation. This work reports a multitude of fascinating new phenomenon on LSPR on silicon antenna wires coated with core-shell nanospheres and the studying of the nanoplasmonics amplifiers to control optical and electromagnetic properties of materials. The LSPR modes and their interaction with the silicon nanowires are studied using numerical methods. The suggested configuration offers resonance covering the UV-visible and NIR regions, making them an adaptable addition to the nanoplasmonics toolbox.
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16
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Khan IS, Garzon Tovar L, Mateo D, Gascon J. Metal‐Organic‐Frameworks and their derived materials in Photo‐Thermal Catalysis. Eur J Inorg Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.202200316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Il Son Khan
- KAUST: King Abdullah University of Science and Technology KCC SAUDI ARABIA
| | - Luis Garzon Tovar
- KAUST: King Abdullah University of Science and Technology KCC SAUDI ARABIA
| | - Diego Mateo
- KAUST: King Abdullah University of Science and Technology KCC SAUDI ARABIA
| | - Jorge Gascon
- King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Kaust Catalysis Center Bldg.3, Level 4, Room 4235 23955-6900 Thuwal SAUDI ARABIA
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17
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Li H, Wang S, Wang M, Gao Y, Tang J, Zhao S, Chi H, Zhang P, Qu J, Fan F, Li C. Enhancement of Plasmon‐Induced Photoelectrocatalytic Water Oxidation over Au/TiO
2
with Lithium Intercalation. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202204272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Dalian 116023 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Shengyang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Dalian 116023 China
| | - Mingtan Wang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
- Division of Energy Storage Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Yuying Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Dalian 116023 China
| | - Jianbo Tang
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
| | - Shengli Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Reaction Dynamics and Dynamics Research Center for Energy and Environmental Materials Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian 116023 China
- College of Chemical Engineering China University of Petroleum (East China) Qingdao 266580 China
| | - Haibo Chi
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Dalian 116023 China
- School of Chemical and Materials Science University of Science and Technology of China Hefei 230026 China
| | - Pengfei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Dalian 116023 China
- College of Chemistry Jilin University Changchun 130012 China
| | - Jiangshan Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Dalian 116023 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Fengtao Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Dalian 116023 China
| | - Can Li
- State Key Laboratory of Catalysis Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian National Laboratory for Clean Energy Dalian 116023 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
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18
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Ghorai N, De G, Ghosh HN. Plasmon Mediated Electron Transfer and Temperature Dependent Electron-Phonon Scattering in Gold Nanoparticles Embedded in Dielectric Films. Chemphyschem 2022; 23:e202200181. [PMID: 35621323 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202200181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Excitation of localized surface plasmon resonance in metal nanoparticles (NPs) embedded in a glassy matrix generates hot electrons, which can be extracted for different optoelectronic applications. The insights of plasmon relaxation dynamics with varying surrounding dielectric environments and temperature dependence electron-phonon scattering process in gold (Au) NPs are still not very clear. Here, we have employed ultrafast transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy to explore the hot electron transfer, plasmon mediated electron transfer and electron-phonon dynamics of photo-excited Au NPs in glassy film matrix with variable SiO2/TiO2 compositions at cryogenic (5 K) to room temperature (300 K). Herein, we have chosen two pump excitation wavelengths (400 and 700 nm). The 400 nm excitation (d→sp) would generate hot electron and the 700 nm excitation (sp→sp) provide information of direct plasmon relaxation. Drastic reduction of the transient signal of Au NPs in the high TiO2 content film as compared to pure SiO2 confirm hot electron transfer from Au plasmon to TiO2. Electron-phonon scattering time constant (τe-ph) of Au NPs in the glassy film found to be faster in presence of TiO2 due to facile electron transfer/injection. Temperature dependent TA studies suggest electron-phonon scattering time decreases with temperature. These findings would assist to develop more advanced photo-voltaic, opto-electronic and quantum optic-based devices using the plasmonic metal NPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandan Ghorai
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - Goutam De
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Punjab, 140306, India
- Present address: S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Kolkata, India
| | - Hirendra N Ghosh
- Institute of Nano Science and Technology, Knowledge City, Sector 81, SAS Nagar, Punjab, 140306, India
- Radiation and Photochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
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19
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An X, Kays JC, Lightcap IV, Ouyang T, Dennis AM, Reinhard BM. Wavelength-Dependent Bifunctional Plasmonic Photocatalysis in Au/Chalcopyrite Hybrid Nanostructures. ACS NANO 2022; 16:6813-6824. [PMID: 35349253 PMCID: PMC9676104 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c01706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Excited, or "hot" charge carrier generation and transfer driven by the decay of localized surface plasmon resonances (LSPRs) are key steps in plasmonic photocatalysis. Hybrid structures that contain both metal and semiconductor building blocks facilitate the extraction of reactive charge carriers and their utilization for photoelectrocatalysis. Additional functionality arises from hybrid structures that combine noble metal nanostructures with semiconductor components, such as chalcopyrite (CuFeS2) nanocrystals (NCs), which by themselves support quasistatic resonances. In this work, we use a hybrid membrane to integrate Au nanorods (NRs) with a longitudinal LSPR at 745 nm and CuFeS2 NCs with a resonance peak at 490 nm into water-stable nanocomposites for robust and bifunctional photocatalysis of oxygen and hydrogen evolution reactions in a wavelength-dependent manner. Excitation of NRs or NCs in the nanocomposite correlates with increased hydrogen or oxygen evolution, respectively, consistent with a light-driven electron transfer between the metal and semiconductor building blocks, the direction of which depends on the wavelength. The bifunctional photoreactivity of the nanocomposite is enhanced by Cu(I)/Cu(II)-assisted catalysis on the surface of the NCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingda An
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- The Photonics Center, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Joshua C. Kays
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- The Photonics Center, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Ian V. Lightcap
- Center for Sustainable Energy, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Tianhong Ouyang
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- The Photonics Center, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Allison M. Dennis
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- The Photonics Center, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Björn M. Reinhard
- Department of Chemistry, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
- The Photonics Center, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA
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20
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Hong J, Xu C, Deng B, Gao Y, Zhu X, Zhang X, Zhang Y. Photothermal Chemistry Based on Solar Energy: From Synergistic Effects to Practical Applications. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2103926. [PMID: 34825527 PMCID: PMC8787404 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202103926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
With the development of society, energy shortage and environmental problems have become more and more outstanding. Solar energy is a clean and sustainable energy resource, potentially driving energy conversion and environmental remediation reactions. Thus, solar-driven chemistry is an attractive way to solve the two problems. Photothermal chemistry (PTC) is developed to achieve full-spectral utilization of the solar radiation and drive chemical reactions more efficiently under relatively mild conditions. In this review, the mechanisms of PTC are summarized from the aspects of thermal and non-thermal effects, and then the interaction and synergy between these two effects are sorted out. In this paper, distinguishing and quantifying these two effects is discussed to understand PTC processes better and to design PTC catalysts more methodically. However, PTC is still a little far away from practical. Herein, several key points, which must be considered when pushing ahead with the engineering application of PTC, are proposed, along with some workable suggestions on the practical application. This review provides a unique perspective on PTC, focusing on the synergistic effects and pointing out a possible direction for practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianan Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy UtilizationZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
| | - Chenyu Xu
- Department of Chemical and Materials EngineeringUniversity of AlbertaEdmontonAlbertaT6G 1H9Canada
| | - Bowen Deng
- Graduate School of Chemical Sciences and EngineeringHokkaido UniversitySapporo060‐0814Japan
| | - Yuan Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy UtilizationZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
| | - Xuan Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy UtilizationZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
| | - Xuhan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy UtilizationZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
| | - Yanwei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Clean Energy UtilizationZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027China
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21
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Le T, Wang B. First-Principles Study of Interaction between Molecules and Lewis Acid Zeolites Manipulated by Injection of Energized Charge Carriers. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c02808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tien Le
- School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Bin Wang
- School of Chemical, Biological and Materials Engineering, University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
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22
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Manuel AP, Shankar K. Hot Electrons in TiO 2-Noble Metal Nano-Heterojunctions: Fundamental Science and Applications in Photocatalysis. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:1249. [PMID: 34068571 PMCID: PMC8151081 DOI: 10.3390/nano11051249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic photocatalysis enables innovation by harnessing photonic energy across a broad swathe of the solar spectrum to drive chemical reactions. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the latest developments and issues for advanced research in plasmonic hot electron driven photocatalytic technologies focusing on TiO2-noble metal nanoparticle heterojunctions. In-depth discussions on fundamental hot electron phenomena in plasmonic photocatalysis is the focal point of this review. We summarize hot electron dynamics, elaborate on techniques to probe and measure said phenomena, and provide perspective on potential applications-photocatalytic degradation of organic pollutants, CO2 photoreduction, and photoelectrochemical water splitting-that benefit from this technology. A contentious and hitherto unexplained phenomenon is the wavelength dependence of plasmonic photocatalysis. Many published reports on noble metal-metal oxide nanostructures show action spectra where quantum yields closely follow the absorption corresponding to higher energy interband transitions, while an equal number also show quantum efficiencies that follow the optical response corresponding to the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR). We have provided a working hypothesis for the first time to reconcile these contradictory results and explain why photocatalytic action in certain plasmonic systems is mediated by interband transitions and in others by hot electrons produced by the decay of particle plasmons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajay P. Manuel
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada;
| | - Karthik Shankar
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1H9, Canada;
- Future Energy Systems Research Institute, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 1K4, Canada
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