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Tian T, Xu H, Zheng H, Zhan W, Zhang Y, Zhu H, Zhang Q. Effect of Rotary Swaging on Mechanical Behaviors of Axle Steel Rod. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:2525. [PMID: 38893789 PMCID: PMC11173139 DOI: 10.3390/ma17112525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2024] [Revised: 05/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The short-chain forming process using rotary swaging (RS) is an important method of achieving the manufacturing of lightweight axles. Axle steel, like 42CrMo, is widely used in many types of axles and shafts; however, there is no existing research on rotary-swaged axle steel's mechanical properties. It makes sense to carry out a comprehensive study on the effect of RS on the mechanical behaviors of axle steel rods. In this study, a 42CrMo steel rod was processed by RS through ten passes. The tensile properties, torsion properties, compression properties, and fatigue properties were tested. There was an overall improvement in the torsional and fatigue performance after RS. Combined with a finite element analysis (FEM), the uneven distribution of the dislocations and existence of the elongation material were inferred to have caused the different modes of the mechanical behaviors. Fracture surfaces were analyzed and the results showed that the fracture pattern had changed. There existed a competitive relation between the internal fatigue cracks and external cracks, which could be attributed to uneven strain hardening. This research proved the advantages of RS in the processing of axle parts, which mainly benefitted the torsional working conditions, and provided evidence for a new processing route for lightweight axles with RS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantai Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Material for Marine Equipment and Application, Ansteel Group Corporation, Anshan 114009, China; (T.T.)
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Hongtu Xu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Huaibei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Metal Material for Marine Equipment and Application, Ansteel Group Corporation, Anshan 114009, China; (T.T.)
| | - Wenbin Zhan
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Haosong Zhu
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
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Han T, Hou C, Zhao Z, Jiao Z, Li Y, Jiang S, Lu H, Wang H, Liu X, Nie Z, Song X. Simultaneous enhancement of strength and conductivity via self-assembled lamellar architecture. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1863. [PMID: 38424083 PMCID: PMC10904369 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-46029-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Simultaneous improvement of strength and conductivity is urgently demanded but challenging for bimetallic materials. Here we show by creating a self-assembled lamellar (SAL) architecture in W-Cu system, enhancement in strength and electrical conductivity is able to be achieved at the same time. The SAL architecture features alternately stacked Cu layers and W lamellae containing high-density dislocations. This unique layout not only enables predominant stress partitioning in the W phase, but also promotes hetero-deformation induced strengthening. In addition, the SAL architecture possesses strong crack-buffering effect and damage tolerance. Meanwhile, it provides continuous conducting channels for electrons and reduces interface scattering. As a result, a yield strength that doubles the value of the counterpart, an increased electrical conductivity, and a large plasticity were achieved simultaneously in the SAL W-Cu composite. This study proposes a flexible strategy of architecture design and an effective method for manufacturing bimetallic composites with excellent integrated properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tielong Han
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China.
| | - Chao Hou
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi Zhao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Zengbao Jiao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yurong Li
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Shuang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Electromagnetic Processing of Materials (Ministry of Education), School of Material Science and Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hao Lu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Haibin Wang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Xuemei Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Zuoren Nie
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Song
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory of Advanced Functional Materials, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing, China.
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Mao Q, Chen X, Li J, Zhao Y. Nano-Gradient Materials Prepared by Rotary Swaging. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11092223. [PMID: 34578539 PMCID: PMC8470658 DOI: 10.3390/nano11092223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Gradient nanostructured metallic materials with a nanostructured surface layer show immense potential for various industrial applications because of their outstanding mechanical, fatigue, corrosion, tribological properties, etc. In the past several decades, various methods for fabricating gradient nanostructure have been developed. Nevertheless, the thickness of gradient microstructure is still in the micrometer scale due to the limitation of preparation techniques. As a traditional but potential technology, rotary swaging (RS) allows gradient stress and strain to be distributed across the radial direction of a bulk cylindrical workpiece. Therefore, in this review paper, we have systematically summarized gradient and even nano-gradient materials prepared by RS. We found that metals processed by RS usually possess inverse nano-gradient, i.e., nano-grains appear in the sample center, texture-gradient and dislocation density-gradient along the radial direction. Moreover, a broad gradient structure is distributed from center to edge of the whole processed rods. In addition, properties including micro-hardness, conductivity, corrosion, etc., of RS processed metals are also reviewed and discussed. Finally, we look forward to the future prospects and further research work for the RS processed materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingzhong Mao
- Nano and Heterogeneous Materials Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China; (Q.M.); (J.L.)
| | - Xiang Chen
- Nano and Heterogeneous Materials Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China; (Q.M.); (J.L.)
- Correspondence: (X.C.); (Y.Z.)
| | - Jiansheng Li
- Nano and Heterogeneous Materials Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China; (Q.M.); (J.L.)
- Anhui Key Laboratory of High-Performance Non-Ferrous Metal Materials, Anhui Polytechnic University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Yonghao Zhao
- Nano and Heterogeneous Materials Center, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China; (Q.M.); (J.L.)
- Correspondence: (X.C.); (Y.Z.)
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