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Liu C, Hongo K, Maezono R, Zhang J, Oshima Y. Stiffer Bonding of Armchair Edge in Single-Layer Molybdenum Disulfide Nanoribbons. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2023; 10:e2303477. [PMID: 37697633 PMCID: PMC10602518 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202303477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023]
Abstract
The physical and chemical properties of nanoribbon edges are important for characterizing nanoribbons and applying them in electronic devices, sensors, and catalysts. The mechanical response of molybdenum disulfide nanoribbons, which is an important issue for their application in thin resonators, is expected to be affected by the edge structure, albeit this result is not yet being reported. In this work, the width-dependent Young's modulus is precisely measured in single-layer molybdenum disulfide nanoribbons with armchair edges using the developed nanomechanical measurement based on a transmission electron microscope. The Young's modulus remains constant at ≈166 GPa above 3 nm width, but is inversely proportional to the width below 3 nm, suggesting a higher bond stiffness for the armchair edges. Supporting the experimental results, the density functional theory calculations show that buckling causes electron transfer from the Mo atoms at the edges to the S atoms on both sides to increase the Coulomb attraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunmeng Liu
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and DevicesKey Laboratory of Materials PhysicsMinistry of Educationand School of Physics & MicroelectronicsZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450052China
- School of Materials ScienceJapan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology1‐1 AsahidaiNomiIshikawa923‐1292Japan
- Center of Advanced Analysis & Gene SequencingZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450001China
| | - Kenta Hongo
- Research Center for Advanced Computing InfrastructureJapan Advanced Institute of Science and TechnologyNomiIshikawa923‐1292Japan
| | - Ryo Maezono
- School of Information ScienceJapan Advanced Institute of Science and TechnologyNomiIshikawa923‐1292Japan
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- Henan Key Laboratory of Diamond Optoelectronic Materials and DevicesKey Laboratory of Materials PhysicsMinistry of Educationand School of Physics & MicroelectronicsZhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou450052China
- School of Materials ScienceJapan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology1‐1 AsahidaiNomiIshikawa923‐1292Japan
- Institute of Quantum Materials and PhysicsHenan Academy of SciencesZhengzhou450046China
| | - Yoshifumi Oshima
- School of Materials ScienceJapan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology1‐1 AsahidaiNomiIshikawa923‐1292Japan
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Khosravi A, Lainé A, Vanossi A, Wang J, Siria A, Tosatti E. Understanding the rheology of nanocontacts. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2428. [PMID: 35508482 PMCID: PMC9068906 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30096-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Mechanical stiffness, as opposed to softness, is a fundamental property of solids. Its persistence or rheological evolution in vibrating solid-solid nanocontacts is important in physics, materials science and technology. A puzzling apparent liquefaction under oscillatory strain, totally unexpected at room temperature, was suggested by recent experiments on solid gold nano-junctions. Here we show theoretically that realistically simulated nanocontacts actually remain crystalline even under large oscillatory strains. Tensile and compressive slips, respectively of “necking” and “bellying” types, do take place, but recover reversibly even during fast oscillatory cycles. We also show that, counterintuitively, the residual stress remains tensile after both slips, driving the averaged stiffness from positive to negative, thus superficially mimicking a liquid’s. Unlike a liquid, however, rheological softening occurs by stick-slip, predicting largely frequency independent stiffness with violent noise in stress and conductance, properties compatible with experiments. The baffling large amplitude rheology of gold nanocontacts and its consequences should apply, with different parameters, to many other metals. The rigidity of solid nanocontacts formed when metals touch is apparently lost liquidlike under large mechanical oscillations. As we show theoretically, there is no melting but oscillated nanocontacts undergo a remarkable reversible stick-slip rheology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Khosravi
- International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), I-34136, Trieste, Italy.,International Centre for Theoretical Physics, I-34151, Trieste, Italy.,CNR-IOM, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - Istituto Officina dei Materiali, c/o SISSA, 34136, Trieste, Italy
| | - Antoine Lainé
- Laboratoire de Physique de lÉcole Normale Supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université Universitté Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR CNRS 8550, Paris, France
| | - Andrea Vanossi
- International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), I-34136, Trieste, Italy.,CNR-IOM, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - Istituto Officina dei Materiali, c/o SISSA, 34136, Trieste, Italy
| | - Jin Wang
- International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), I-34136, Trieste, Italy
| | - Alessandro Siria
- Laboratoire de Physique de lÉcole Normale Supérieure, ENS, Université PSL, CNRS, Sorbonne Université Universitté Paris-Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, UMR CNRS 8550, Paris, France
| | - Erio Tosatti
- International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), I-34136, Trieste, Italy. .,International Centre for Theoretical Physics, I-34151, Trieste, Italy. .,CNR-IOM, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche - Istituto Officina dei Materiali, c/o SISSA, 34136, Trieste, Italy.
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Zhang J, Tomitori M, Arai T, Oshima Y. Surface Effect on Young's Modulus of Sub-Two-Nanometer Gold [111] Nanocontacts. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 128:146101. [PMID: 35476491 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.146101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The surface bond nature of face centered cubic metals has been controversial between hardening and softening theoretically because of the lack of precise measurement. Here, we precisely measured the size dependence of Young's modulus of gold [111] nanocontacts with a clean surface by our in situ TEM-frequency modulation force sensing method in ultrahigh vacuum at room temperature. Young's modulus gradually decreased from ca. 80 to 30 GPa, as the nanocontact width decreased below 2 nm, which could be explained by surface softening; Young's modulus of the outermost atomic layer was estimated to be approximately 22 GPa, while that of the other part was almost the same with the bulk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Zhang
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan
| | - Masahiko Tomitori
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan
| | - Toyoko Arai
- Institute of Science and Engineering, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Yoshifumi Oshima
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan
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