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Ming Y. A Hybrid Metadetector for Measuring Bell States of Optical Angular Momentum Entanglement. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:4817. [PMID: 39123864 PMCID: PMC11314656 DOI: 10.3390/s24154817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2024] [Revised: 06/30/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
High-dimensional entanglement of optical angular momentum has shown its enormous potential for increasing robustness and data capacity in quantum communication and information multiplexing, thus offering promising perspectives for quantum information science. To make better use of optical angular momentum entangled states, it is necessary to develop a reliable platform for measuring and analyzing them. Here, we propose a hybrid metadetector of monolayer transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) integrated with spin Hall nanoantenna arrays for identifying Bell states of optical angular momentum. The corresponding states are converted into path-entangled states of propagative polaritonic modes for detection. Several Bell states in different forms are shown to be identified effectively. TMDs have emerged as an attractive platform for the next generation of on-chip optoelectronic devices. Our work may open up a new horizon for devising integrated quantum circuits based on these two-dimensional van der Waals materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ming
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Changshu Institute of Technology, Suzhou 215000, China;
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore
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He C, Tang Z, Liu L, Maier SA, Wang X, Ren H, Pan A. Nonlinear Boost of Optical Angular Momentum Selectivity by Hybrid Nanolaser Circuits. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:1784-1791. [PMID: 38265953 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c04830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Selective control of light is essential for optical science and technology, with numerous applications. However, optical selectivity in the angular momentum of light has been quite limited, remaining constant by increasing the incident light power on previous passive optical devices. Here, we demonstrate a nonlinear boost of optical selectivity in both the spin and orbital angular momentum of light through near-field selective excitation of single-mode nanolasers. Our designed hybrid nanolaser circuits consist of plasmonic metasurfaces and individually placed perovskite nanowires, enabling subwavelength focusing of angular-momentum-distinctive plasmonic fields and further selective excitation of nanolasers in nanowires. The optically selected nanolaser with a nonlinear increase of light emission greatly enhances the baseline optical selectivity offered by the metasurface from about 0.4 up to near unity. Our demonstrated hybrid nanophotonic platform may find important applications in all-optical logic gates and nanowire networks, ultrafast optical switches, nanophotonic detectors, and on-chip optical and quantum information processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenglin He
- Hunan Institute of Optoelectronic Integration and Key Laboratory for MicroNano Physics and Technology of Hunan Province, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Zilan Tang
- Hunan Institute of Optoelectronic Integration and Key Laboratory for MicroNano Physics and Technology of Hunan Province, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Liang Liu
- Hunan Institute of Optoelectronic Integration and Key Laboratory for MicroNano Physics and Technology of Hunan Province, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Stefan A Maier
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Science, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, U.K
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- Hunan Institute of Optoelectronic Integration and Key Laboratory for MicroNano Physics and Technology of Hunan Province, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Haoran Ren
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Science, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria 3800, Australia
| | - Anlian Pan
- Hunan Institute of Optoelectronic Integration and Key Laboratory for MicroNano Physics and Technology of Hunan Province, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, P. R. China
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Li C, Wieduwilt T, Wendisch FJ, Márquez A, Menezes LDS, Maier SA, Schmidt MA, Ren H. Metafiber transforming arbitrarily structured light. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7222. [PMID: 37940676 PMCID: PMC10632407 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43068-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Structured light has proven useful for numerous photonic applications. However, the current use of structured light in optical fiber science and technology is severely limited by mode mixing or by the lack of optical elements that can be integrated onto fiber end-faces for wavefront engineering, and hence generation of structured light is still handled outside the fiber via bulky optics in free space. We report a metafiber platform capable of creating arbitrarily structured light on the hybrid-order Poincaré sphere. Polymeric metasurfaces, with unleashed height degree of freedom and a greatly expanded 3D meta-atom library, were 3D laser nanoprinted and interfaced with polarization-maintaining single-mode fibers. Multiple metasurfaces were interfaced on the fiber end-faces, transforming the fiber output into different structured-light fields, including cylindrical vector beams, circularly polarized vortex beams, and arbitrary vector field. Our work provides a paradigm for advancing optical fiber science and technology towards fiber-integrated light shaping, which may find important applications in fiber communications, fiber lasers and sensors, endoscopic imaging, fiber lithography, and lab-on-fiber technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhao Li
- Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nanoinstitute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, 80539, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Fedja J Wendisch
- Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nanoinstitute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, 80539, Munich, Germany
| | - Andrés Márquez
- I.U. Física Aplicada a las Ciencias y las Tecnologías, Universidad de Alicante, P.O. Box 99, 03080, Alicante, Spain
- Dpto. de Física, Ing. de Sistemas y Teoría de la Señal, Universidad de Alicante, P.O. Box 99, 03080, Alicante, Spain
| | - Leonardo de S Menezes
- Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nanoinstitute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, 80539, Munich, Germany
- Departamento de Física, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 50670-901, Recife-PE, Brazil
| | - Stefan A Maier
- Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nanoinstitute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, 80539, Munich, Germany.
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Science, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3800, Australia.
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK.
| | - Markus A Schmidt
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology, 07745, Jena, Germany.
- Abbe Center of Photonics and Faculty of Physics, FSU Jena, 07745, Jena, Germany.
- Otto Schott Institute of Material Research, FSU Jena, 07745, Jena, Germany.
| | - Haoran Ren
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Faculty of Science, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3800, Australia.
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Ren H, Maier SA. Nanophotonic Materials for Twisted-Light Manipulation. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2106692. [PMID: 34716627 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202106692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Twisted light, an unbounded set of helical spatial modes carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM), offers not only fundamental new insights into structured light-matter interactions, but also a new degree of freedom to boost optical and quantum information capacity. However, current OAM experiments still rely on bulky, expensive, and slow-response diffractive or refractive optical elements, hindering today's OAM systems to be largely deployed. In the last decade, nanophotonics has transformed the photonic design and unveiled a diverse range of compact and multifunctional nanophotonic devices harnessing the generation and detection of OAM modes. Recent metasurface devices developed for OAM generation in both real and momentum space, presenting design principle and exemplary devices, are summarized. Moreover, recent development of whispering-gallery-mode-based passive and tunable microcavities, capable of extracting degenerate OAM modes for on-chip vortex emission and lasing, is summarized. In addition, the design principle of different plasmonic devices and photodetectors recently developed for on-chip OAM detection is discussed. Current challenges faced by the nanophotonic field for twisted-light manipulation and future advances to meet these challenges are further discussed. It is believed that twisted-light manipulation in nanophotonics will continue to make significant impact on future development of ultracompact, ultrahigh-capacity, and ultrahigh-speed OAM systems-on-a-chip.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Ren
- MQ Photonics Research Centre, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Stefan A Maier
- Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nanoinstitute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80539, Munich, Germany
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
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Stepanov IV, Fatkhiev DM, Lyubopytov VS, Kutluyarov RV, Grakhova EP, Neumann N, Khonina SN, Sultanov AK. Wavelength-Tunable Vortex Beam Emitter Based on Silicon Micro-Ring with PN Depletion Diode. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22030929. [PMID: 35161673 PMCID: PMC8839632 DOI: 10.3390/s22030929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Herein we propose a design of a wavelength-tunable integrated vortex beam emitter based on the silicon-on-insulator platform. The emitter is implemented using a PN-depletion diode inside a microring resonator with the emitting hole grating that was used to produce a vortex beam. The resonance wavelengths can be shifted due to the refractive index change associated with the free plasma dispersion effect. Obtained numerical modeling results confirm the efficiency of the proposed approach, providing a resonance wavelength shift while maintaining the required topological charge of the emitted vortex beam. It is known that optical vortices got a lot of attention due to extensive telecommunication and biochemical applications, but also, they have revealed some beneficial use cases in sensors. Flexibility in spectral tuning demonstrated by the proposed device can significantly improve the accuracy of sensors based on fiber Bragg gratings. Moreover, we demonstrate that the proposed device can provide a displacement of the resonance by the value of the free spectral range of the ring resonator, which means the possibility to implement an ultra-fast orbital angular momentum (de)multiplexing or modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan V. Stepanov
- School of Photonics Engineering and Research Advances (SPhERA), Ufa State Aviation Technical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia; (I.V.S.); (R.V.K.); (E.P.G.); (A.K.S.)
| | - Denis M. Fatkhiev
- School of Photonics Engineering and Research Advances (SPhERA), Ufa State Aviation Technical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia; (I.V.S.); (R.V.K.); (E.P.G.); (A.K.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Vladimir S. Lyubopytov
- School of Photonics Engineering and Research Advances (SPhERA), Ufa State Aviation Technical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia; (I.V.S.); (R.V.K.); (E.P.G.); (A.K.S.)
- Center for Photonic Science and Engineering, Skolkovo Institute of Science and Technology, 121205 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Ruslan V. Kutluyarov
- School of Photonics Engineering and Research Advances (SPhERA), Ufa State Aviation Technical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia; (I.V.S.); (R.V.K.); (E.P.G.); (A.K.S.)
| | - Elizaveta P. Grakhova
- School of Photonics Engineering and Research Advances (SPhERA), Ufa State Aviation Technical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia; (I.V.S.); (R.V.K.); (E.P.G.); (A.K.S.)
| | - Niels Neumann
- Chair of Radio Frequency and Photonics Engineering, TU Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany;
| | - Svetlana N. Khonina
- Department of Technical Cybernetics, Samara National Research University, 443086 Samara, Russia;
- Image Processing Systems Institute Branch of the Federal Scientific Research Center “Crystallography and Photonics” of Russian Academy of Sciences, 443001 Samara, Russia
| | - Albert K. Sultanov
- School of Photonics Engineering and Research Advances (SPhERA), Ufa State Aviation Technical University, 450008 Ufa, Russia; (I.V.S.); (R.V.K.); (E.P.G.); (A.K.S.)
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