1
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Wehmeier L, Yu SJ, Chen X, Mayer RA, Xiong L, Yao H, Jiang Y, Hu J, Janzen E, Edgar JH, Zheng X, Heinz TF, Basov DN, Homes CC, Hu G, Carr GL, Liu M, Fan JA. Tunable Phonon Polariton Hybridization in a van der Waals Hetero-Bicrystal. Adv Mater 2024:e2401349. [PMID: 38657644 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202401349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
Phonon polaritons, the hybrid quasiparticles resulting from the coupling of photons and lattice vibrations, have gained significant attention in the field of layered van der Waals heterostructures. Particular interest has been paid to hetero-bicrystals composed of molybdenum oxide (MoO3) and hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), which feature polariton dispersion tailorable via avoided polariton mode crossings. In this work, we systematically study the polariton eigenmodes in MoO3-hBN hetero-bicrystals self-assembled on ultrasmooth gold using synchrotron infrared nanospectroscopy. We experimentally demonstrate that the spectral gap in bicrystal dispersion and corresponding regimes of negative refraction can be tuned by material layer thickness, and we quantitatively match these results with a simple analytic model. We also investigate polaritonic cavity modes and polariton propagation along "forbidden" directions in our microscale bicrystals, which arise from the finite in-plane dimension of the synthesized MoO3 micro-ribbons. Our findings shed light on the unique dispersion properties of polaritons in van der Waals heterostructures and pave the way for applications leveraging deeply sub-wavelength mid-infrared light matter interactions. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Wehmeier
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Shang-Jie Yu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Tim Taylor Department of Chemical Engineering, Durland Hall, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
| | - Xinzhong Chen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, New York, 10027, USA
| | - Rafael A Mayer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Langlang Xiong
- Nanyang Technological University, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - Helen Yao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - Yue Jiang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Jenny Hu
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Eli Janzen
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - James H Edgar
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Xiaolin Zheng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
| | - Tony F Heinz
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA, 94025, USA
| | - D N Basov
- Department of Physics, Columbia University, New York, New York, 10027, USA
| | - Christopher C Homes
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Guangwei Hu
- Nanyang Technological University, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
| | - G Lawrence Carr
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Mengkun Liu
- National Synchrotron Light Source II, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY, 11794, USA
| | - Jonathan A Fan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA
- Tim Taylor Department of Chemical Engineering, Durland Hall, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS, 66506, USA
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2
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Datta S, Vasini S, Miao X, Liu PQ. Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Sensors Employing a Nanoparticle-On-Liquid-Mirror (NPoLM) Architecture. Small Methods 2024:e2400119. [PMID: 38639023 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202400119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensors typically employ nanophotonic structures that support high-field confinement and enhancement in hotspots to increase the Raman scattering from target molecules by orders of magnitude. In general, high field and SERS enhancement can be achieved by reducing the critical dimensions and mode volumes of the hotspots to nanoscale. To this end, a multitude of SERS sensors employing photonic structures with nanometric hotspots have been demonstrated. However, delivering analyte molecules into nanometric hotspots is challenging, and the trade-off between field confinement/enhancement and analyte delivery efficiency is a critical limiting factor for the performance of many nanophotonic SERS sensors. Here, a new type of SERS sensor employing solid-metal nanoparticles and bulk liquid metal is demonstrated to form nanophotonic resonators with a nanoparticle-on-liquid-mirror (NPoLM) architecture, which effectively resolves this trade-off. In particular, this unconventional sensor architecture allows for the convenient formation of nanometric hotspots by introducing liquid metal after analyte molecules are efficiently delivered to the surface of gold nanoparticles. In addition, a cost-effective and reliable process is developed to produce gold nanoparticles on a substrate suitable for forming NPoLM structures. These NPoLM structures achieve two orders of magnitude higher SERS signals than the gold nanoparticles alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreyan Datta
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA
| | - Shoaib Vasini
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA
| | - Xianglong Miao
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA
| | - Peter Q Liu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14260, USA
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3
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Fu Y, Liu Z, Yue S, Zhang K, Wang R, Zhang Z. Optical Second Harmonic Generation of Low-Dimensional Semiconductor Materials. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2024; 14:662. [PMID: 38668156 PMCID: PMC11054873 DOI: 10.3390/nano14080662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/29/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, the phenomenon of optical second harmonic generation (SHG) has attracted significant attention as a pivotal nonlinear optical effect in research. Notably, in low-dimensional materials (LDMs), SHG detection has become an instrumental tool for elucidating nonlinear optical properties due to their pronounced second-order susceptibility and distinct electronic structure. This review offers an exhaustive overview of the generation process and experimental configurations for SHG in such materials. It underscores the latest advancements in harnessing SHG as a sensitive probe for investigating the nonlinear optical attributes of these materials, with a particular focus on its pivotal role in unveiling electronic structures, bandgap characteristics, and crystal symmetry. By analyzing SHG signals, researchers can glean invaluable insights into the microscopic properties of these materials. Furthermore, this paper delves into the applications of optical SHG in imaging and time-resolved experiments. Finally, future directions and challenges toward the improvement in the NLO in LDMs are discussed to provide an outlook in this rapidly developing field, offering crucial perspectives for the design and optimization of pertinent devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Fu
- Microelectronics Instruments and Equipment R&D Center, Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 3 Beitucheng West Road, Beijing 100029, China; (Y.F.); (Z.L.); (S.Y.); (K.Z.)
| | - Zhengyan Liu
- Microelectronics Instruments and Equipment R&D Center, Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 3 Beitucheng West Road, Beijing 100029, China; (Y.F.); (Z.L.); (S.Y.); (K.Z.)
- School of Integrated Circuits, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19(A) Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Song Yue
- Microelectronics Instruments and Equipment R&D Center, Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 3 Beitucheng West Road, Beijing 100029, China; (Y.F.); (Z.L.); (S.Y.); (K.Z.)
- School of Integrated Circuits, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19(A) Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kunpeng Zhang
- Microelectronics Instruments and Equipment R&D Center, Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 3 Beitucheng West Road, Beijing 100029, China; (Y.F.); (Z.L.); (S.Y.); (K.Z.)
| | - Ran Wang
- Microelectronics Instruments and Equipment R&D Center, Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 3 Beitucheng West Road, Beijing 100029, China; (Y.F.); (Z.L.); (S.Y.); (K.Z.)
- School of Integrated Circuits, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19(A) Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zichen Zhang
- Microelectronics Instruments and Equipment R&D Center, Institute of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 3 Beitucheng West Road, Beijing 100029, China; (Y.F.); (Z.L.); (S.Y.); (K.Z.)
- School of Integrated Circuits, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 19(A) Yuquan Road, Beijing 100049, China
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Rodríguez-Sevilla E, Álvarez-Martínez JU, Castro-Beltrán R, Morales-Narváez E. Flexible 3D Plasmonic Web Enables Remote Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2024:e2402192. [PMID: 38582528 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202402192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
Nanoplasmonic materials concentrate light in specific regions of dramatic electromagnetic enhancement: hot spots. Such regions can be employed to perform single molecule detection via surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. However, this phenomenon is challenging since hot spots are expected to be highly intense/abundant and positioning of molecules within such hot spots is crucial to manage with ultrasensitive SERS. Herein, it is discovered that a 3D plasmonic web embedded within a biohybrid (3D-POWER) exhibits plasmonic transmission, spontaneously absorbs the analyte, and meets these so much needed criteria in ultrasensitive SERS. 3D-POWER is built with nanopaper and self-assembled layers of graphene oxide and gold nanorods. According to in silico experiments, 3D-POWER captures light in a small region and performs plasmonic field transmission in a surrounding volume, thereby activating a plasmonic web throughout the simulated volume. The study also provides experimental evidence supporting the plasmonic field transport ability of 3D power, which operates as a SERS signal carrier (even beyond the apparatus field of view), and the ultrasensitive behavior of this ecofriendly and flexible material facilitating yoctomolar limit of detection. Besides, 3D-POWER is proven useful in food and biofluids analysis. It is foreseen that 3D-POWER can be employed as a valuable platform in (bio)analytical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Rodríguez-Sevilla
- Centro de Investigaciones en Óptica A. C., Loma del Bosque 115, Lomas del Campestre, León, Guanajuato, 37150, México
| | - Jonathan Ulises Álvarez-Martínez
- Departamento de Ingeniería Física, División de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guanajuato, Loma del Bosque 103, Lomas del Campestre, León, Guanajuato, 37150, México
| | - Rigoberto Castro-Beltrán
- Departamento de Ingeniería Física, División de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Universidad de Guanajuato, Loma del Bosque 103, Lomas del Campestre, León, Guanajuato, 37150, México
| | - Eden Morales-Narváez
- Biophotonic Nanosensors Laboratory, Centro de Física Aplicada y Tecnología Avanzada (CFATA), Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM), Boulevard Juriquilla 3001, Querétaro, 76230, México
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5
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Cheng P, An Y, Jen AKY, Lei D. New Nanophotonics Approaches for Enhancing the Efficiency and Stability of Perovskite Solar Cells. Adv Mater 2024; 36:e2309459. [PMID: 37878233 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202309459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/26/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decade, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has experienced a remarkable ascent, soaring from 3.8% in 2009 to a remarkable record of 26.1% in 2023. Many recent approaches for improving PSC performance employ nanophotonic technologies, from light harvesting and thermal management to the manipulation of charge carrier dynamics. Plasmonic nanoparticles and arrayed dielectric nanostructures have been applied to tailor the light absorption, scattering, and conversion, as well as the heat dissipation within PSCs to improve their PCE and operational stability. In this review, it is begin with a concise introduction to define the realm of nanophotonics by focusing on the nanoscale interactions between light and surface plasmons or dielectric photonic structures. Prevailing strategies that utilize resonance-enhanced light-matter interactions for boosting the PCE and stability of PSCs from light trapping, carrier transportation, and thermal management perspectives are then elaborated, and the resultant practical applications, such as semitransparent photovoltaics, colored PSCs, and smart perovskite windows are discussed. Finally, the state-of-the-art nanophotonic paradigms in PSCs are reviewed, and the benefits of these approaches in improving the aesthetic effects and energy-saving character of PSC-integrated buildings are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Cheng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- The Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Yidan An
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- The Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Alex K-Y Jen
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- The Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Dangyuan Lei
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- The Hong Kong Institute for Clean Energy, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Centre, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
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6
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Liebtrau M, Polman A. Angular Dispersion of Free-Electron-Light Coupling in an Optical Fiber-Integrated Metagrating. ACS Photonics 2024; 11:1125-1136. [PMID: 38523743 PMCID: PMC10958598 DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.3c01574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Free electrons can couple to optical material excitations on nanometer-length and attosecond-time scales, opening-up unique opportunities for both the generation of radiation and the manipulation of the electron wave function. Here, we exploit the Smith-Purcell effect to experimentally study the coherent coupling of free electrons and light in a circular metallo-dielectric metagrating that is fabricated onto the input facet of a multimode optical fiber. Using hyperspectral angle-resolved (HSAR) far-field imaging inside a scanning electron microscope, we probe the angular dispersion of Smith-Purcell radiation (SPR) that is simultaneously generated in free space and inside the fiber by an electron beam that grazes the metagrating at a nanoscale distance. Furthermore, we analyze the spectral distribution of SPR that is emitted into guided optical modes and correlate it with the numerical aperture of the fiber. By varying the electron energy between 5 and 30 keV, we observe the emission of SPR from the ultraviolet to the near-infrared spectral range, and up to the third emission order. In addition, we detect incoherent cathodoluminescence that is generated by electrons penetrating the input facet of the fiber and scattering inelastically. As a result, our HSAR measurements reveal a Fano resonance that is coupled to a Rayleigh anomaly of the metagrating, and that overlaps with the angular dispersion of second-order SPR at 20 keV. Our findings demonstrate the potential of optical fiber-integrated metasurfaces as a versatile platform to implement novel ultrafast light sources and to synthesize complex free-electron quantum states with light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Liebtrau
- Center for Nanophotonics, NWO-Institute
AMOLF, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Albert Polman
- Center for Nanophotonics, NWO-Institute
AMOLF, Science Park 104, 1098 XG Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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7
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Duportal M, Berger LM, Maier SA, Tittl A, Krischer K. Multi-band Metasurface-Driven Surface-Enhanced Infrared Absorption Spectroscopy for Improved Characterization of in-Situ Electrochemical Reactions. ACS Photonics 2024; 11:714-722. [PMID: 38405393 PMCID: PMC10885203 DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.3c01592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Surface-enhanced spectroscopy techniques are the method-of-choice to characterize adsorbed intermediates occurring during electrochemical reactions, which are crucial in realizing a green and sustainable future. Characterizing species with low coverage or short lifetimes has so far been limited by low signal enhancement. Recently, single-band metasurface-driven surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy (SEIRAS) has been pioneered as a promising technology to monitor a single vibrational mode during electrochemical CO oxidation. However, electrochemical reactions are complex, and their understanding requires the simultaneous monitoring of multiple adsorbed species in situ, hampering the adoption of nanostructured electrodes in spectro-electrochemistry. Here, we develop a multi-band nanophotonic-electrochemical platform that simultaneously monitors in situ multiple adsorbed species emerging during cyclic voltammetry scans by leveraging the high resolution offered by the reproducible nanostructuring of the working electrode. Specifically, we studied the electrochemical reduction of CO2 on a Pt surface and used two separately tuned metasurface arrays to monitor two adsorption configurations of CO with vibrational bands at ∼2030 and ∼1840 cm-1. Our platform provides a ∼40-fold enhancement in the detection of characteristic absorption signals compared to conventional broadband electrochemically roughened platinum films. A straightforward methodology is outlined starting with baselining our system in a CO-saturated environment and clearly detecting both configurations of adsorption. In contrast, during the electrochemical reduction of CO2 on platinum in K2CO3, CO adsorbed in a bridged configuration could not be detected. We anticipate that our technology will guide researchers in developing similar sensing platforms to simultaneously detect multiple challenging intermediates, with low surface coverage or short lifetimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malo Duportal
- Department
of Physics, Technical University of Munich, Garching 85748, Germany
| | - Luca M. Berger
- Chair
in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nanoinstitute Munich, and Center for NanoScience,
Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University
Munich, Königinstraße
10, München 80539, Germany
| | - Stefan A. Maier
- Chair
in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nanoinstitute Munich, and Center for NanoScience,
Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University
Munich, Königinstraße
10, München 80539, Germany
- School
of Physics and Astronomy, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
- Department
of Physics, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Andreas Tittl
- Chair
in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nanoinstitute Munich, and Center for NanoScience,
Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University
Munich, Königinstraße
10, München 80539, Germany
| | - Katharina Krischer
- Department
of Physics, Technical University of Munich, Garching 85748, Germany
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8
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Hail CU, Michaeli L, Atwater HA. Third Harmonic Generation Enhancement and Wavefront Control Using a Local High- Q Metasurface. Nano Lett 2024; 24:2257-2263. [PMID: 38346272 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c04476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
High quality factor optical nanostructures provide a great opportunity to enhance nonlinear optical processes such as third harmonic generation. However, the field enhancement in these high quality factor structures is typically accompanied by optical mode nonlocality. As a result, the enhancement of nonlinear processes comes at the cost of their local control as needed for nonlinear wavefront shaping, imaging, and holography. Here we show simultaneous strong enhancement and spatial control over third harmonic generation with a local high-Q metasurface relying on higher-order Mie resonant modes. Our results demonstrate third harmonic generation at an efficiency of up to 3.25 × 10-5, high quality wavefront shaping as illustrated by a third harmonic metalens, and a flatband, angle independent, third harmonic response up to ±11° incident angle. The demonstrated high level of local control and efficient frequency conversion offer promising prospects for realizing novel nonlinear optical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio U Hail
- Thomas J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Lior Michaeli
- Thomas J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Harry A Atwater
- Thomas J. Watson Laboratory of Applied Physics, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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9
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Walden SL, Poudel P, Zou C, Tanaka K, Paul P, Szeghalmi A, Siefke T, Pertsch T, Schacher FH, Staude I. Two-Color Spatially Resolved Tuning of Polymer-Coated Metasurfaces. ACS Nano 2024; 18:5079-5088. [PMID: 38290218 PMCID: PMC10867891 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c11760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
For the realization of truly reconfigurable metasurface technologies, dynamic spatial tuning of the metasurface resonance is required. Here we report the use of organic photoswitches as a means for the light-induced spatial tuning of metasurface resonances. Coating of a dielectric metasurface, hosting high-quality-factor resonances, with a spiropyran (SPA)-containing polymer enabled dynamic resonance tuning up to 4 times the resonance full-width at half-maximum with arbitrary spatial precision. A major benefit of employing photoswitches is the broad toolbox of chromophores available and the unique optical properties of each. In particular, SPA and azobenzene (AZO) photoswitches can both be switched with UV light but exhibit opposite refractive index changes. When applied to the metasurface, SPA induced a red shift in the metasurface resonance with a figure of merit of 97 RIU-1, while AZO caused a blue shift in the resonance with an even greater sensitivity of 100 RIU-1. Critically, SPA and AZO can be individually recovered with red and blue light, respectively. To exploit this advantage, we coated a dielectric metasurface with spatially offset SPA- and AZO-containing polymers to demonstrate wavelength-dependent, spatially resolved control over the metasurface resonance tuning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L. Walden
- Institute
of Solid State Physics, Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 3, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Institute
of Applied Physics, Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Purushottam Poudel
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Lessingstr. 8, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena
Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich
Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Center
for Energy and Environmental Chemistry (CEEC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Chengjun Zou
- Institute
of Solid State Physics, Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 3, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Institute
of Applied Physics, Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Institute
of Microelectronics, Chinese Academy of
Sciences, Beitucheng
West Road 3, 100029 Beijing, People’s Republic of
China
| | - Katsuya Tanaka
- Institute
of Solid State Physics, Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 3, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Institute
of Applied Physics, Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Pallabi Paul
- Institute
of Applied Physics, Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Adriana Szeghalmi
- Institute
of Applied Physics, Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Fraunhofer
Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering, Albert-Einstein-Str. 7, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Thomas Siefke
- Institute
of Applied Physics, Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Fraunhofer
Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering, Albert-Einstein-Str. 7, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Thomas Pertsch
- Institute
of Applied Physics, Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, 07745 Jena, Germany
- Fraunhofer
Institute for Applied Optics and Precision Engineering, Albert-Einstein-Str. 7, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Felix H. Schacher
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Lessingstr. 8, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Jena
Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich
Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Center
for Energy and Environmental Chemistry (CEEC), Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Isabelle Staude
- Institute
of Solid State Physics, Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Helmholtzweg 3, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Institute
of Applied Physics, Abbe Center of Photonics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 15, 07745 Jena, Germany
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10
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Shen X, Wu Y, Dang C, Li P, Guo P. Direct chemical-vapor-deposition growth of alloyed perovskite microcrystals for tunable emissions. Nanotechnology 2024; 35:185704. [PMID: 38271736 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad22af] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Tunable composition of perovskite micro/nanostructures are perfect candidate for the designing of multifunctional optoelectronic circuits. Especially, integrated polychromatic luminescence based on the perovskite materials along a single substrate or chip is essential to the integrated photonic devices and multicolor displays. Here, we reported a synthesis of composition tunable CsPbI3(1-x)Br3x(X = 0.65-0.9) perovskite microstructures on a single substrate via a magnetic-pulling CVD method. The PL emissions can be changed gradually from green (558 nm, 2.23 eV) to red (610 nm, 2.03 eV) under a focused 375 nm laser illumination. Furthermore, these composition-graded alloyed perovskite microcrystals show stable emissions after six months in air, which may find applications in multicolor display and broad band light sources in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Shen
- College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu Wu
- College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, People's Republic of China
| | - Chanjuan Dang
- College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, People's Republic of China
- School of Physics and Electronic Science, Shanxi Datong University, Datong 037009, People's Republic of China
| | - Pu Li
- College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Guo
- College of Electronic Information and Optical Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, People's Republic of China
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, People's Republic of China
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11
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Yao Y, Zhao YS, Guan L. Dimension Evolution of Self-Assembled Organic Microcrystal for Laser and Polarization-Rotation Function. Small 2024:e2307661. [PMID: 38317524 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202307661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Multidimensional integrated micro/nanostructures are vitally important for the implementation of versatile photonic functionalities, whereas current material structures still suffer undesired surface defects and contaminations in either multistep micro/nanofabrications or extreme synthetic conditions. Herein, the dimension evolution of organic self-assembled structures 2D microrings and 3D microhelixes for multidimensional photonic devices is realized via a protic/aprotic solvent-directed molecular assembly method based on a multiaxial confined-assisted growth mechanism. The 2D microrings with consummate circle boundaries and molecular-smooth surfaces function as high-quality whispering-gallery-mode microcavities for dual-wavelength energy-influence-dependent switchable lasing. Moreover, the 3D microhelixes with smooth surfaces and natural twistable characteristics act as active photon-transport materials and polarization rotators. These results will broaden the horizon of constructing multidimensional microstructures for integrated photonic circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinan Yao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350000, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Yong Sheng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese, Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
| | - Lunhui Guan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou, 350000, China
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12
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Clark G, Raniwala H, Koppa M, Chen K, Leenheer A, Zimmermann M, Dong M, Li L, Wen YH, Dominguez D, Trusheim M, Gilbert G, Eichenfield M, Englund D. Nanoelectromechanical Control of Spin-Photon Interfaces in a Hybrid Quantum System on Chip. Nano Lett 2024; 24:1316-1323. [PMID: 38227973 PMCID: PMC10835722 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c04301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Color centers (CCs) in nanostructured diamond are promising for optically linked quantum technologies. Scaling to useful applications motivates architectures meeting the following criteria: C1 individual optical addressing of spin qubits; C2 frequency tuning of spin-dependent optical transitions; C3 coherent spin control; C4 active photon routing; C5 scalable manufacturability; and C6 low on-chip power dissipation for cryogenic operations. Here, we introduce an architecture that simultaneously achieves C1-C6. We realize piezoelectric strain control of diamond waveguide-coupled tin vacancy centers with ultralow power dissipation necessary. The DC response of our device allows emitter transition tuning by over 20 GHz, combined with low-power AC control. We show acoustic spin resonance of integrated tin vacancy spins and estimate single-phonon coupling rates over 1 kHz in the resolved sideband regime. Combined with high-speed optical routing, our work opens a path to scalable single-qubit control with optically mediated entangling gates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genevieve Clark
- The
MITRE Corporation, 202 Burlington Road, Bedford, Massachusetts 01730, United States
- Research
Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, 50 Vassar Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Hamza Raniwala
- Research
Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, 50 Vassar Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Matthew Koppa
- Sandia
National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, United States
| | - Kevin Chen
- Research
Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, 50 Vassar Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Andrew Leenheer
- Sandia
National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, United States
| | - Matthew Zimmermann
- The
MITRE Corporation, 202 Burlington Road, Bedford, Massachusetts 01730, United States
| | - Mark Dong
- The
MITRE Corporation, 202 Burlington Road, Bedford, Massachusetts 01730, United States
- Research
Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, 50 Vassar Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Linsen Li
- Research
Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, 50 Vassar Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Y. Henry Wen
- The
MITRE Corporation, 202 Burlington Road, Bedford, Massachusetts 01730, United States
| | - Daniel Dominguez
- Sandia
National Laboratories, P.O. Box 5800, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87185, United States
| | - Matthew Trusheim
- Research
Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, 50 Vassar Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
- DEVCOM,
Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, Maryland 20783, United States
| | - Gerald Gilbert
- The
MITRE Corporation, 200
Forrestal Road, Princeton, New Jersey 08540, United States
| | - Matt Eichenfield
- College of
Optical Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85719, United States
| | - Dirk Englund
- Research
Laboratory of Electronics, Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, 50 Vassar Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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13
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Zhou Y, Wang S, Yin J, Wang J, Manshaii F, Xiao X, Zhang T, Bao H, Jiang S, Chen J. Flexible Metasurfaces for Multifunctional Interfaces. ACS Nano 2024; 18:2685-2707. [PMID: 38241491 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c09310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Optical metasurfaces, capable of manipulating the properties of light with a thickness at the subwavelength scale, have been the subject of extensive investigation in recent decades. This research has been mainly driven by their potential to overcome the limitations of traditional, bulky optical devices. However, most existing optical metasurfaces are confined to planar and rigid designs, functions, and technologies, which greatly impede their evolution toward practical applications that often involve complex surfaces. The disconnect between two-dimensional (2D) planar structures and three-dimensional (3D) curved surfaces is becoming increasingly pronounced. In the past two decades, the emergence of flexible electronics has ushered in an emerging era for metasurfaces. This review delves into this cutting-edge field, with a focus on both flexible and conformal design and fabrication techniques. Initially, we reflect on the milestones and trajectories in modern research of optical metasurfaces, complemented by a brief overview of their theoretical underpinnings and primary classifications. We then showcase four advanced applications of optical metasurfaces, emphasizing their promising prospects and relevance in areas such as imaging, biosensing, cloaking, and multifunctionality. Subsequently, we explore three key trends in optical metasurfaces, including mechanically reconfigurable metasurfaces, digitally controlled metasurfaces, and conformal metasurfaces. Finally, we summarize our insights on the ongoing challenges and opportunities in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunlei Zhou
- Hangzhou Institute of Technology, Xidian University, Hangzhou 311200, China
- School of Mechano-Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China
| | - Shaolei Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Junyi Yin
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Jianjun Wang
- Hangzhou Institute of Technology, Xidian University, Hangzhou 311200, China
- School of Mechano-Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China
| | - Farid Manshaii
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Tianqi Zhang
- Hangzhou Institute of Technology, Xidian University, Hangzhou 311200, China
- School of Mechano-Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China
| | - Hong Bao
- Hangzhou Institute of Technology, Xidian University, Hangzhou 311200, China
- School of Mechano-Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China
| | - Shan Jiang
- Hangzhou Institute of Technology, Xidian University, Hangzhou 311200, China
- School of Mechano-Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an 710071, China
| | - Jun Chen
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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14
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Ye W, Yong Z, Go M, Kowal D, Maddalena F, Tjahjana L, Wang H, Arramel A, Dujardin C, Birowosuto MD, Wong LJ. The Nanoplasmonic Purcell Effect in Ultrafast and High-Light-Yield Perovskite Scintillators. Adv Mater 2024:e2309410. [PMID: 38235521 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202309410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
The development of X-ray scintillators with ultrahigh light yields and ultrafast response times is a long sought-after goal. In this work, a fundamental mechanism that pushes the frontiers of ultrafast X-ray scintillator performance is theoretically predicted and experimentally demonstrated: the use of nanoscale-confined surface plasmon polariton modes to tailor the scintillator response time via the Purcell effect. By incorporating nanoplasmonic materials in scintillator devices, this work predicts over tenfold enhancement in decay rate and 38% reduction in time resolution even with only a simple planar design. The nanoplasmonic Purcell effect is experimentally demonstrated using perovskite scintillators, enhancing the light yield by over 120% to 88 ± 11 ph/keV, and the decay rate by over 60% to 2.0 ± 0.2 ns for the average decay time, and 0.7 ± 0.1 ns for the ultrafast decay component, in good agreement with the predictions of our theoretical framework. Proof-of-concept X-ray imaging experiments are performed using nanoplasmonic scintillators, demonstrating 182% enhancement in the modulation transfer function at four line pairs per millimeter spatial frequency. This work highlights the enormous potential of nanoplasmonics in optimizing ultrafast scintillator devices for applications including time-of-flight X-ray imaging and photon-counting computed tomography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenzheng Ye
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- CINTRA (CNRS-International-NTU-THALES Research Alliance), IRL 3288, Research Techno Plaza, 50 Nanyang Drive, Border X Block, Level 6, Singapore, 637553, Singapore
| | - Zhihua Yong
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- CINTRA (CNRS-International-NTU-THALES Research Alliance), IRL 3288, Research Techno Plaza, 50 Nanyang Drive, Border X Block, Level 6, Singapore, 637553, Singapore
| | - Michael Go
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- CINTRA (CNRS-International-NTU-THALES Research Alliance), IRL 3288, Research Techno Plaza, 50 Nanyang Drive, Border X Block, Level 6, Singapore, 637553, Singapore
| | - Dominik Kowal
- Łukasiewicz Research Network-PORT Polish Center for Technology Development, Stabłowicka 147, 54-066, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Francesco Maddalena
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- CINTRA (CNRS-International-NTU-THALES Research Alliance), IRL 3288, Research Techno Plaza, 50 Nanyang Drive, Border X Block, Level 6, Singapore, 637553, Singapore
| | - Liliana Tjahjana
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- CINTRA (CNRS-International-NTU-THALES Research Alliance), IRL 3288, Research Techno Plaza, 50 Nanyang Drive, Border X Block, Level 6, Singapore, 637553, Singapore
| | - Hong Wang
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- CINTRA (CNRS-International-NTU-THALES Research Alliance), IRL 3288, Research Techno Plaza, 50 Nanyang Drive, Border X Block, Level 6, Singapore, 637553, Singapore
| | - Arramel Arramel
- Nano Center Indonesia, Jalan Raya PUSPIPTEK, South Tangerang, Banten, 15314, Indonesia
| | - Christophe Dujardin
- Universite Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Institut Lumière Matière, UMR 5306 CNRS, Villeurbanne, F-69622, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, 1 Rue Descartes, Paris, Île-de-France, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Muhammad Danang Birowosuto
- Łukasiewicz Research Network-PORT Polish Center for Technology Development, Stabłowicka 147, 54-066, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Liang Jie Wong
- School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
- CINTRA (CNRS-International-NTU-THALES Research Alliance), IRL 3288, Research Techno Plaza, 50 Nanyang Drive, Border X Block, Level 6, Singapore, 637553, Singapore
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15
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Jansson M, Nosenko VV, Torigoe Y, Nakama K, Yukimune M, Higo A, Ishikawa F, Chen WM, Buyanova IA. High-Performance Multiwavelength GaNAs Single Nanowire Lasers. ACS Nano 2024; 18:1477-1484. [PMID: 38166147 PMCID: PMC10795468 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c07980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we report a significant enhancement in the performance of GaNAs-based single nanowire lasers through optimization of growth conditions, leading to a lower lasing threshold and higher operation temperatures. Our analysis reveals that these improvements in the laser performance can be attributed to a decrease in the density of localized states within the material. Furthermore, we demonstrate that owing to their excellent nonlinear optical properties, these nanowires support self-frequency conversion of the stimulated emission through second harmonic generation (SHG) and sum-frequency generation (SFG), providing coherent light emission in the cyan-green range. Mode-specific differences in the self-conversion efficiency are revealed and explained by differences in the light extraction efficiency of the converted light caused by the electric field distribution of the fundamental modes. Our work, therefore, facilitates the design and development of multiwavelength coherent light generation and higher-temperature operation of GaNAs nanowire lasers, which will be useful in the fields of optical communications, sensing, and nanophotonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattias Jansson
- Department
of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping
University, SE-58183 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Valentyna V. Nosenko
- Department
of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping
University, SE-58183 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Yuto Torigoe
- Graduate
School of Science and Engineering, Ehime
University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Kaito Nakama
- Research
Center for Integrated Quantum Electronics, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Mitsuki Yukimune
- Graduate
School of Science and Engineering, Ehime
University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Akio Higo
- Systems
Design Lab (d.lab), School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Fumitaro Ishikawa
- Research
Center for Integrated Quantum Electronics, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8628, Japan
| | - Weimin M. Chen
- Department
of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping
University, SE-58183 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Irina A. Buyanova
- Department
of Physics, Chemistry and Biology, Linköping
University, SE-58183 Linköping, Sweden
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16
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Wang F, Wang X, Lu X, Huang C. Nanophotonic Enhanced Chiral Sensing and Its Biomedical Applications. Biosensors (Basel) 2024; 14:39. [PMID: 38248416 DOI: 10.3390/bios14010039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Chiral sensing is crucial in the fields of biology and the pharmaceutical industry. Many naturally occurring biomolecules, i.e., amino acids, sugars, and nucleotides, are inherently chiral. Their enantiomers are strongly associated with the pharmacological effects of chiral drugs. Owing to the extremely weak chiral light-matter interactions, chiral sensing at an optical frequency is challenging, especially when trace amounts of molecules are involved. The nanophotonic platform allows for a stronger interaction between the chiral molecules and light to enhance chiral sensing. Here, we review the recent progress in nanophotonic-enhanced chiral sensing, with a focus on the superchiral near-field and enhanced circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy generated in both the dielectric and in plasmonic structures. In addition, the recent applications of chiral sensing in biomedical fields are discussed, including the detection and treatment of difficult diseases, i.e., Alzheimer's disease, diabetes, and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- Institute of Microelectronics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xinchao Lu
- Institute of Microelectronics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Chengjun Huang
- Institute of Microelectronics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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17
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Islam F, Lee CM, Harper S, Rahaman MH, Zhao Y, Vij NK, Waks E. Cavity-Enhanced Emission from a Silicon T Center. Nano Lett 2024; 24:319-325. [PMID: 38147350 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c04056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
Silicon T centers present the promising possibility of generating optically active spin qubits in an all-silicon device. However, these color centers exhibit long excited state lifetimes and a low Debye-Waller factor, making them dim emitters with low efficiency into the zero-phonon line. Nanophotonic cavities can solve this problem by enhancing radiative emission into the zero-phonon line through the Purcell effect. In this work, we demonstrate cavity-enhanced emission from a single T center in a nanophotonic cavity. We achieve a 2 order of magnitude increase in the brightness of the zero-phonon line relative to waveguide-coupled emitters, a 23% collection efficiency from emitter to fiber, and an overall emission efficiency into the zero-phonon line of 63.4%. We also observe a lifetime enhancement of 5, corresponding to a Purcell factor exceeding 18 when correcting for the emission to the phonon sideband. These results pave the way toward efficient spin-photon interfaces in silicon photonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fariba Islam
- Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20740, United States
| | - Chang-Min Lee
- Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20740, United States
| | - Samuel Harper
- Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20740, United States
| | - Mohammad Habibur Rahaman
- Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20740, United States
| | - Yuqi Zhao
- Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20740, United States
| | - Neelesh Kumar Vij
- Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20740, United States
| | - Edo Waks
- Institute for Research in Electronics and Applied Physics and Joint Quantum Institute, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20740, United States
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18
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Nishida K, Tseng PH, Chen YC, Wu PH, Yang CY, Yang JH, Chen WR, Pashina O, Petrov MI, Chen KP, Chu SW. Optical Bistability in Nanosilicon with Record Low Q-Factor. Nano Lett 2023; 23:11727-11733. [PMID: 38014963 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrated optical bistability in an amorphous silicon Mie resonator with a size of ∼100 nm and Q-factor as low as ∼4 by utilizing photothermal and thermo-optical effects. We not only experimentally confirmed the steep intensity transition and the hysteresis in the scattering response from silicon nanocuboids but also established a physical model to numerically explain the underlying mechanism based on temperature-dependent competition between photothermal heating and heat dissipation. The transition between the bistable states offered particularly steep superlinearity of scattering intensity, reaching an effective nonlinearity order of ∼100th power over excitation intensity, leading to the potential of advanced optical switching devices and super-resolution microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kentaro Nishida
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, 1, Sec 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Po-Hsueh Tseng
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, 1, Sec 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chieh Chen
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, 1, Sec 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Pang-Han Wu
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, 1, Sec 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yin Yang
- Institute of Imaging and Biomedical Photonics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 301 Gaofa third Road, Tainan 711, Taiwan
| | - Jhen-Hong Yang
- Institute of Photonic System, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 301 Gaofa third Road, Tainan 711, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ruei Chen
- Institute of Photonic System, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 301 Gaofa third Road, Tainan 711, Taiwan
| | - Olesiya Pashina
- Physics and Engineering Department, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Mihail I Petrov
- Physics and Engineering Department, ITMO University, St. Petersburg 197101, Russia
| | - Kuo-Ping Chen
- Institute of Imaging and Biomedical Photonics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 301 Gaofa third Road, Tainan 711, Taiwan
- Institute of Photonics Technology, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Section 2, Kuang-Fu Road, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30013, R.O.C
| | - Shi-Wei Chu
- Department of Physics, National Taiwan University, 1, Sec 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Molecular Imaging Center, National Taiwan University, 1, Sec 4, Roosevelt Rd., Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Brain Research Center, National Tsing Hua University, 101, Sec 2, Guangfu Road, Hsinchu 30013, Taiwan
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19
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Dang Z, Chen Y, Fang Z. Cathodoluminescence Nanoscopy: State of the Art and Beyond. ACS Nano 2023; 17:24431-24448. [PMID: 38054434 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c07593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Cathodoluminescence (CL) nanoscopy is proven to be a powerful tool to explore nanoscale optical properties, whereby free electron beams achieve a spatial resolution far beyond the diffraction limit of light. With developed methods for the control of electron beams and the collection of light, the dimension of information that CL can access has been expanded to include polarization, momentum, and time, holding promise to provide invaluable insights into the study of materials and optical near-field dynamics. With a focus on the burgeoning field of CL nanoscopy, this perspective outlines the recent advancements and applications of this technique, as illustrated by the salient experimental works. In addition, as an outlook for future research, several appealing directions that may bring about developments and discoveries are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhibo Dang
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, and Nano-optoelectronics Frontier Center of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxiang Chen
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, and Nano-optoelectronics Frontier Center of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - Zheyu Fang
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Artificial Microstructure and Mesoscopic Physics, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, and Nano-optoelectronics Frontier Center of Ministry of Education, Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
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20
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Roy P, Zhu S, Claude JB, Liu J, Wenger J. Ultraviolet Resonant Nanogap Antennas with Rhodium Nanocube Dimers for Enhancing Protein Intrinsic Autofluorescence. ACS Nano 2023; 17:22418-22429. [PMID: 37931219 PMCID: PMC10690780 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c05008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Plasmonic optical nanoantennas offer compelling solutions for enhancing light-matter interactions at the nanoscale. However, until now, their focus has been mainly limited to the visible and near-infrared regions, overlooking the immense potential of the ultraviolet (UV) range, where molecules exhibit their strongest absorption. Here, we present the realization of UV resonant nanogap antennas constructed from paired rhodium nanocubes. Rhodium emerges as a robust alternative to aluminum, offering enhanced stability in wet environments and ensuring reliable performance in the UV range. Our results showcase the nanoantenna's ability to enhance the UV autofluorescence of label-free streptavidin and hemoglobin proteins. We achieve significant enhancements of the autofluorescence brightness per protein by up to 120-fold and reach zeptoliter detection volumes, enabling UV autofluorescence correlation spectroscopy (UV-FCS) at high concentrations of several tens of micromolar. We investigate the modulation of fluorescence photokinetic rates and report excellent agreement between the experimental results and numerical simulations. This work expands the applicability of plasmonic nanoantennas to the deep UV range, unlocking the investigation of label-free proteins at physiological concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prithu Roy
- Aix
Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel, AMUTech, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Siyuan Zhu
- Department
of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Jean-Benoît Claude
- Aix
Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel, AMUTech, 13013 Marseille, France
| | - Jie Liu
- Department
of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Jérôme Wenger
- Aix
Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel, AMUTech, 13013 Marseille, France
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21
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Yu SJ, Yao H, Hu G, Jiang Y, Zheng X, Fan S, Heinz TF, Fan JA. Hyperbolic Polaritonic Rulers Based on van der Waals α-MoO 3 Waveguides and Resonators. ACS Nano 2023; 17:23057-23064. [PMID: 37948673 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c08735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Low-dimensional, strongly anisotropic nanomaterials can support hyperbolic phonon polaritons, which feature strong light-matter interactions that can enhance their capabilities in sensing and metrology tasks. In this work, we report hyperbolic polaritonic rulers, based on microscale α-phase molybdenum trioxide (α-MoO3) waveguides and resonators suspended over an ultraflat gold substrate, which exhibit near-field polaritonic characteristics that are exceptionally sensitive to device geometry. Using scanning near-field optical microscopy, we show that these systems support strongly confined image polariton modes that exhibit ideal antisymmetric gap polariton dispersion, which is highly sensitive to air gap dimensions and can be described and predicted using a simple analytic model. Dielectric constants used for modeling are accurately extracted using near-field optical measurements of α-MoO3 waveguides in contact with the gold substrate. We also find that for nanoscale resonators supporting in-plane Fabry-Perot modes, the mode order strongly depends on the air gap dimension in a manner that enables a simple readout of the gap dimension with nanometer precision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shang-Jie Yu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Helen Yao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Guangwei Hu
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Yue Jiang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Xiaolin Zheng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Shanhui Fan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Tony F Heinz
- Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, United States
| | - Jonathan A Fan
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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22
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Jelver L, Cox JD. Nonlinear Plasmonics in Nanostructured Phosphorene. ACS Nano 2023; 17:20043-20052. [PMID: 37791979 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c05363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorene has emerged as an atomically thin platform for optoelectronics and nanophotonics due to its excellent optical properties and the possibility of actively tuning light-matter interactions through electrical doping. While phosphorene is a two-dimensional semiconductor, plasmon resonances characterized by pronounced anisotropy and strong optical confinement are anticipated to emerge in highly doped samples. Here we show that the localized plasmons supported by phosphorene nanoribbons (PNRs) exhibit high tunability in relation to both edge termination and doping charge polarity and can trigger an intense nonlinear optical response at moderate doping levels. Our explorations are based on a second-principles theoretical framework, employing maximally localized Wannier functions constructed from ab initio electronic structure calculations, which we introduce here to describe the linear and nonlinear optical response of PNRs on mesoscopic length scales. Atomistic simulations reveal the high tunability of plasmons in doped PNRs at near-infrared frequencies, which can facilitate the synergy between the electronic band structure and plasmonic field confinement to drive efficient high-harmonic generation. Our findings establish nanostructured phosphorene as a versatile atomically thin material candidate for nonlinear plasmonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Line Jelver
- POLIMA─Center for Polariton-driven Light-Matter Interactions, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Joel D Cox
- POLIMA─Center for Polariton-driven Light-Matter Interactions, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
- Danish Institute for Advanced Study, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
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23
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Ramò L, Giordano MC, Ferrando G, Canepa P, Telesio F, Repetto L, Buatier de Mongeot F, Canepa M, Bisio F. Thermal Scanning-Probe Lithography for Broad-Band On-Demand Plasmonic Nanostructures on Transparent Substrates. ACS Appl Nano Mater 2023; 6:18623-18631. [PMID: 37854851 PMCID: PMC10580238 DOI: 10.1021/acsanm.3c04398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Thermal scanning-probe lithography (t-SPL) is a high-resolution nanolithography technique that enables the nanopatterning of thermosensitive materials by means of a heated silicon tip. It does not require alignment markers and gives the possibility to assess the morphology of the sample in a noninvasive way before, during, and after the patterning. In order to exploit t-SPL at its peak performances, the writing process requires applying an electric bias between the scanning hot tip and the sample, thereby restricting its application to conductive, optically opaque, substrates. In this work, we show a t-SPL-based method, enabling the noninvasive high-resolution nanolithography of photonic nanostructures onto optically transparent substrates across a broad-band visible and near-infrared spectral range. This was possible by intercalating an ultrathin transparent conductive oxide film between the dielectric substrate and the sacrificial patterning layer. This way, nanolithography performances comparable with those typically observed on conventional semiconductor substrates are achieved without significant changes of the optical response of the final sample. We validated this innovative nanolithography approach by engineering periodic arrays of plasmonic nanoantennas and showing the capability to tune their plasmonic response over a broad-band visible and near-infrared spectral range. The optical properties of the obtained systems make them promising candidates for the fabrication of hybrid plasmonic metasurfaces supported onto fragile low-dimensional materials, thus enabling a variety of applications in nanophotonics, sensing, and thermoplasmonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Ramò
- OptMatLab,
Dipartimento di Fisica, Università
di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, I-16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Maria Caterina Giordano
- LabNano,
Dipartimento di Fisica, Università
di Genova, Via Dodecaneso
33, I-16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Giulio Ferrando
- LabNano,
Dipartimento di Fisica, Università
di Genova, Via Dodecaneso
33, I-16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Paolo Canepa
- OptMatLab,
Dipartimento di Fisica, Università
di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, I-16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Francesca Telesio
- Dipartimento
di Fisica, Università di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, I-16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Luca Repetto
- Nanomed
Laboratories, Dipartimento di Fisica, Università
di Genova, Via Dodecaneso
33, I-16146 Genova, Italy
| | | | - Maurizio Canepa
- OptMatLab,
Dipartimento di Fisica, Università
di Genova, Via Dodecaneso 33, I-16146 Genova, Italy
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24
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Ling YC, Yoo SJB. Review: tunable nanophotonic metastructures. Nanophotonics 2023; 12:3851-3870. [PMID: 38013926 PMCID: PMC10566255 DOI: 10.1515/nanoph-2023-0034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Tunable nanophotonic metastructures offer new capabilities in computing, networking, and imaging by providing reconfigurability in computer interconnect topologies, new optical information processing capabilities, optical network switching, and image processing. Depending on the materials and the nanostructures employed in the nanophotonic metastructure devices, various tuning mechanisms can be employed. They include thermo-optical, electro-optical (e.g. Pockels and Kerr effects), magneto-optical, ionic-optical, piezo-optical, mechano-optical (deformation in MEMS or NEMS), and phase-change mechanisms. Such mechanisms can alter the real and/or imaginary parts of the optical susceptibility tensors, leading to tuning of the optical characteristics. In particular, tunable nanophotonic metastructures with relatively large tuning strengths (e.g. large changes in the refractive index) can lead to particularly useful device applications. This paper reviews various tunable nanophotonic metastructures' tuning mechanisms, tuning characteristics, tuning speeds, and non-volatility. Among the reviewed tunable nanophotonic metastructures, some of the phase-change-mechanisms offer relatively large index change magnitude while offering non-volatility. In particular, Ge-Sb-Se-Te (GSST) and vanadium dioxide (VO2) materials are popular for this reason. Mechanically tunable nanophotonic metastructures offer relatively small changes in the optical losses while offering large index changes. Electro-optically tunable nanophotonic metastructures offer relatively fast tuning speeds while achieving relatively small index changes. Thermo-optically tunable nanophotonic metastructures offer nearly zero changes in optical losses while realizing modest changes in optical index at the expense of relatively large power consumption. Magneto-optically tunable nanophotonic metastructures offer non-reciprocal optical index changes that can be induced by changing the magnetic field strengths or directions. Tunable nanophotonic metastructures can find a very wide range of applications including imaging, computing, communications, and sensing. Practical commercial deployments of these technologies will require scalable, repeatable, and high-yield manufacturing. Most of these technology demonstrations required specialized nanofabrication tools such as e-beam lithography on relatively small fractional areas of semiconductor wafers, however, with advanced CMOS fabrication and heterogeneous integration techniques deployed for photonics, scalable and practical wafer-scale fabrication of tunable nanophotonic metastructures should be on the horizon, driven by strong interests from multiple application areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chun Ling
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA95616, USA
| | - Sung Joo Ben Yoo
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA95616, USA
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25
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Tripathi D, Vyas HS, Kumar S, Panda SS, Hegde R. Recent developments in Chalcogenide phase change material-based nanophotonics. Nanotechnology 2023; 34:502001. [PMID: 37595569 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/acf1a7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
There is now a deep interest in actively reconfigurable nanophotonics as they will enable the next generation of optical devices. Of the various alternatives being explored for reconfigurable nanophotonics, Chalcogenide phase change materials (PCMs) are considered highly promising owing to the nonvolatile nature of their phase change. Chalcogenide PCM nanophotonics can be broadly classified into integrated photonics (with guided wave light propagation) and Meta-optics (with free space light propagation). Despite some early comprehensive reviews, the pace of development in the last few years has shown the need for a topical review. Our comprehensive review covers recent progress on nanophotonic architectures, tuning mechanisms, and functionalities in tunable PCM Chalcogenides. In terms of integrated photonics, we identify novel PCM nanoantenna geometries, novel material utilization, the use of nanostructured waveguides, and sophisticated excitation pulsing schemes. On the meta-optics front, the breadth of functionalities has expanded, enabled by exploring design aspects for better performance. The review identifies immediate, and intermediate-term challenges and opportunities in (1) the development of novel chalcogenide PCM, (2) advance in tuning mechanism, and (3) formal inverse design methods, including machine learning augmented inverse design, and provides perspectives on these aspects. The topical review will interest researchers in further advancing this rapidly growing subfield of nanophotonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devdutt Tripathi
- Department of Electrical Engineering, IIT Gandhinagar, 382355, India
| | | | - Sushil Kumar
- Department of Electrical Engineering, IIT Gandhinagar, 382355, India
| | | | - Ravi Hegde
- Department of Electrical Engineering, IIT Gandhinagar, 382355, India
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26
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Gelly RJ, White AD, Scuri G, Liao X, Ahn GH, Deng B, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Vučković J, Park H. An Inverse-Designed Nanophotonic Interface for Excitons in Atomically Thin Materials. Nano Lett 2023; 23:8779-8786. [PMID: 37695253 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c02931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Efficient nanophotonic devices are essential for applications in quantum networking, optical information processing, sensing, and nonlinear optics. Extensive research efforts have focused on integrating two-dimensional (2D) materials into photonic structures, but this integration is often limited by size and material quality. Here, we use hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), a benchmark choice for encapsulating atomically thin materials, as a waveguiding layer while simultaneously improving the optical quality of the embedded films. When combined with a photonic inverse design, it becomes a complete nanophotonic platform to interface with optically active 2D materials. Grating couplers and low-loss waveguides provide optical interfacing and routing, tunable cavities provide a large exciton-photon coupling to transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) monolayers through Purcell enhancement, and metasurfaces enable the efficient detection of TMD dark excitons. This work paves the way for advanced 2D-material nanophotonic structures for classical and quantum nonlinear optics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexander D White
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Giovanni Scuri
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | | | - Geun Ho Ahn
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | | | | | | | - Jelena Vučković
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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27
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Yimam DT, Liang M, Ye J, Kooi BJ. 3D Nanostructuring of Phase-Change Materials Using Focused Ion Beam toward Versatile Optoelectronics Applications. Adv Mater 2023:e2303502. [PMID: 37657490 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202303502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, phase-change materials have gained importance in nanophotonics and optoelectronics. Sizable optical contrast and added degree of freedom from phase switching drive the use of phase-change materials in various optical devices with outstanding results and potential for real-world applications. The local crystallization/amorphization of phase-change materials and the corresponding reflectance tuning by the crystallized/amorphized region size have potential applications, for example, for future dynamic display devices. Although the resolution is much higher than in current display devices, the pixel sizes in those devices are limited by the locally switchable structure size. Here, the spot sizes are further reduced by using ion beams instead of laser beams, dramatically increasing pixel density, demonstrating superior resolution. In addition, the power to sputter away materials can be utilized in creating nanostructures with relative height differences and local contrast. The experiment focuses on one archetypal phase-change material, Sb2 Se3 , prepared by pulsed-laser deposition on a reflective gold substrate. This study demonstrates that structural colors can be produced and reflectance tuning can be achieved by focused ion beam milling/sputtering of phase-change materials at the nanoscale. Furthermore, the local structuring of phase-change materials by focused ion beam can produce high-pixel-density display devices with superior resolutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel T Yimam
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Minpeng Liang
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Jianting Ye
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands
| | - Bart J Kooi
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747 AG, The Netherlands
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28
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Hwang JS, Xu J, Raman AP. Simultaneous Control of Spectral And Directional Emissivity with Gradient Epsilon-Near-Zero InAs Photonic Structures. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2302956. [PMID: 37465943 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202302956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Controlling both the spectral bandwidth and directionality of emitted thermal radiation is a fundamental challenge in contemporary photonics. Recent work has shown that materials with a spatial gradient in the frequency range of their epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) response can support broad spectrum directionality in their emissivity, enabling high total radiance to specific angles of incidence. However, this capability is limited spectrally and directionally by the availability of materials with phonon-polariton resonances over long-wave infrared wavelengths. Here, an approach is designed and experimentally demonstrated using doped III-V semiconductors that can simultaneously tailor spectral peak, bandwidth, and directionality of infrared emissivity. InAs-based gradient ENZ photonic structures that exhibit broadband directional emission with varying spectral bandwidths and directional ranges as a function of their doping concentration profile and thickness are epitaxially grown and characterized. Due to its easy-to-fabricate geometry, it is believed that this approach provides a versatile photonic platform to dynamically control broadband spectral and directional emissivity for a range of emerging applications in heat transfer and infrared sensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae S Hwang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Jin Xu
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
| | - Aaswath P Raman
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA
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29
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Sarkar D, Cho S, Yan H, Martino N, Dannenberg PH, Yun SH. Ultrasmall InGa(As)P Dielectric and Plasmonic Nanolasers. ACS Nano 2023; 17:16048-16055. [PMID: 37523588 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c04721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Nanolasers have great potential for both on-chip light sources and optical barcoding particles. We demonstrate ultrasmall InGaP and InGaAsP disk lasers with diameters down to 360 nm (198 nm in height) in the red spectral range. Optically pumped, room-temperature, single-mode lasing was achieved from both disk-on-pillar and isolated particles. When isolated disks were placed on gold, plasmon polariton lasing was obtained with Purcell-enhanced stimulated emission. UV lithography and plasma ashing enabled wafer-scale fabrication of nanodisks with an intended random size variation. Silica-coated nanodisk particles generated stable subnanometer spectra from within biological cells across an 80 nm bandwidth from 635 to 715 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debarghya Sarkar
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Sangyeon Cho
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Hao Yan
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Nicola Martino
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Paul H Dannenberg
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
- Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
| | - Seok Hyun Yun
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
- Harvard-MIT Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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30
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Li D, Xu C, Xie J, Lee C. Research Progress in Surface-Enhanced Infrared Absorption Spectroscopy: From Performance Optimization, Sensing Applications, to System Integration. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:2377. [PMID: 37630962 PMCID: PMC10458771 DOI: 10.3390/nano13162377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Infrared absorption spectroscopy is an effective tool for the detection and identification of molecules. However, its application is limited by the low infrared absorption cross-section of the molecule, resulting in low sensitivity and a poor signal-to-noise ratio. Surface-Enhanced Infrared Absorption (SEIRA) spectroscopy is a breakthrough technique that exploits the field-enhancing properties of periodic nanostructures to amplify the vibrational signals of trace molecules. The fascinating properties of SEIRA technology have aroused great interest, driving diverse sensing applications. In this review, we first discuss three ways for SEIRA performance optimization, including material selection, sensitivity enhancement, and bandwidth improvement. Subsequently, we discuss the potential applications of SEIRA technology in fields such as biomedicine and environmental monitoring. In recent years, we have ushered in a new era characterized by the Internet of Things, sensor networks, and wearable devices. These new demands spurred the pursuit of miniaturized and consolidated infrared spectroscopy systems and chips. In addition, the rise of machine learning has injected new vitality into SEIRA, bringing smart device design and data analysis to the foreground. The final section of this review explores the anticipated trajectory that SEIRA technology might take, highlighting future trends and possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongxiao Li
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore; (D.L.); (C.X.); (J.X.)
- Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS (CISM), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117608, Singapore
| | - Cheng Xu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore; (D.L.); (C.X.); (J.X.)
- Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS (CISM), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117608, Singapore
| | - Junsheng Xie
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore; (D.L.); (C.X.); (J.X.)
- Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS (CISM), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117608, Singapore
| | - Chengkuo Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117583, Singapore; (D.L.); (C.X.); (J.X.)
- Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS (CISM), National University of Singapore, Singapore 117608, Singapore
- NUS Suzhou Research Institute (NUSRI), Suzhou 215123, China
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31
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Lawless J, McCormack O, Pepper J, McEvoy N, Bradley AL. Spectral Tuning of a Nanoparticle-on-Mirror System by Graphene Doping and Gap Control with Nitric Acid. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:38901-38909. [PMID: 37534572 PMCID: PMC10436242 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c05302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticle-on-mirror systems are a stable, robust, and reproducible method of squeezing light into sub-nanometer volumes. Graphene is a particularly interesting material to use as a spacer in such systems as it is the thinnest possible 2D material and can be doped both chemically and electrically to modulate the plasmonic modes. We investigate a simple nanoparticle-on-mirror system, consisting of a Au nanosphere on top of an Au mirror, separated by a monolayer of graphene. With this system, we demonstrate, with both experiments and numerical simulations, how the doping of the graphene and the control of the gap size can be controlled to tune the plasmonic response of the coupled nanosphere using nitric acid. The coupling of the Au nanosphere and Au thin film reveals multipolar modes which can be tuned by adjusting the gap size or doping an intermediate graphene monolayer. At high doping levels, the interaction between the charge-transfer plasmon and gap plasmon leads to splitting of the plasmon energies. The study provides evidence for the unification of theories proposed by previous works investigating similar systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Lawless
- School
of Physics and AMBER, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Oisín McCormack
- School
of Physics and AMBER, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Joshua Pepper
- School
of Chemistry and AMBER, Trinity College
Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - Niall McEvoy
- School
of Chemistry and AMBER, Trinity College
Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
| | - A. Louise Bradley
- School
of Physics and AMBER, Trinity College Dublin, College Green, Dublin 2, Ireland
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32
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Razmjooei N, Magnusson R. Band Dynamics of Multimode Resonant Nanophotonic Lattices with Adjustable Liquid Interfaces. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:2350. [PMID: 37630935 PMCID: PMC10459018 DOI: 10.3390/nano13162350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Subwavelength resonant lattices offer a wide range of fascinating spectral phenomena under broadside illumination. The resonance mechanism relies on the generation of lateral Bloch modes that are phase matched to evanescent diffraction orders. The spectral properties and the total number of resonance states are governed by the structure of leaky modes and the mode count. This study investigates the effect of interface modifications on the band dynamics and bound-state transitions in guided-mode resonant lattices. We provide photonic lattices comprising rectangular Si3N4 rods with a liquid film with an adjustable boundary. The band structures and band flips are examined through numerical simulations using the rigorous coupled-wave analysis (RCWA) method and analyzing the zero-order spectral reflectance as a function of the incident angle. The band structures and band flips are examined through numerical simulations, and the influences of the refractive index and the thickness of the oil layer on the band dynamics are investigated. The results reveal distinct resonance linewidths corresponding to different refractive indices of the oil layer. Furthermore, the effect of the oil thickness on the band dynamics is explored, demonstrating precise control over the number of propagating modes within the lattice structure. Theoretical simulations and experimental results are presented for a subwavelength silicon-nitride lattice combined with a liquid film featuring an adjustable boundary. The presence of a relatively thick liquid waveguiding region enables the emergence of additional modes, including the first four transverse-electric (TE) leaky modes, which produce observable resonance signatures. Through experimental manipulation of the basic lattice's duty cycle, the four bands undergo quantifiable band transitions and closures. The experimental results obtained within the 1400-1600 nm spectral range exhibit reasonable agreement with the numerical analysis. These findings underscore the significant role played by the interface in shaping the band dynamics of the lattice structure, providing valuable insights into the design and optimization of photonic lattices with adjustable interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robert Magnusson
- Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX 76019, USA;
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Abstract
Twisted light, an unbounded set of helical spatial modes carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM), offers not only fundamental new insights into structured light-matter interactions, but also a new degree of freedom to boost optical and quantum information capacity. However, current OAM experiments still rely on bulky, expensive, and slow-response diffractive or refractive optical elements, hindering today's OAM systems to be largely deployed. In the last decade, nanophotonics has transformed the photonic design and unveiled a diverse range of compact and multifunctional nanophotonic devices harnessing the generation and detection of OAM modes. Recent metasurface devices developed for OAM generation in both real and momentum space, presenting design principle and exemplary devices, are summarized. Moreover, recent development of whispering-gallery-mode-based passive and tunable microcavities, capable of extracting degenerate OAM modes for on-chip vortex emission and lasing, is summarized. In addition, the design principle of different plasmonic devices and photodetectors recently developed for on-chip OAM detection is discussed. Current challenges faced by the nanophotonic field for twisted-light manipulation and future advances to meet these challenges are further discussed. It is believed that twisted-light manipulation in nanophotonics will continue to make significant impact on future development of ultracompact, ultrahigh-capacity, and ultrahigh-speed OAM systems-on-a-chip.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haoran Ren
- MQ Photonics Research Centre, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Macquarie University, Macquarie Park, NSW, 2109, Australia
| | - Stefan A Maier
- Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nanoinstitute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, 80539, Munich, Germany
- Department of Physics, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ, UK
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34
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Han JH, Kim D, Kim J, Kim G, Fischer P, Jeong HH. Plasmonic Nanostructure Engineering with Shadow Growth. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2107917. [PMID: 35332960 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202107917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Physical shadow growth is a vacuum deposition technique that permits a wide variety of 3D-shaped nanoparticles and structures to be fabricated from a large library of materials. Recent advances in the control of the shadow effect at the nanoscale expand the scope of nanomaterials from spherical nanoparticles to complex 3D shaped hybrid nanoparticles and structures. In particular, plasmonically active nanomaterials can be engineered in their shape and material composition so that they exhibit unique physical and chemical properties. Here, the recent progress in the development of shadow growth techniques to realize hybrid plasmonic nanomaterials is discussed. The review describes how fabrication permits the material response to be engineered and highlights novel functions. Potential fields of application with a focus on photonic devices, biomedical, and chiral spectroscopic applications are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jang-Hwan Han
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Doeun Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Juhwan Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Gyurin Kim
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
| | - Peer Fischer
- Max Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Heisenbergstr. 3, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, Pfaffenwaldring 55, 70569, Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Hyeon-Ho Jeong
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology, Gwangju, 61005, Republic of Korea
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35
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John-Herpin A, Tittl A, Kühner L, Richter F, Huang SH, Shvets G, Oh SH, Altug H. Metasurface-Enhanced Infrared Spectroscopy: An Abundance of Materials and Functionalities. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2110163. [PMID: 35638248 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202110163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Infrared spectroscopy provides unique information on the composition and dynamics of biochemical systems by resolving the characteristic absorption fingerprints of their constituent molecules. Based on this inherent chemical specificity and the capability for label-free, noninvasive, and real-time detection, infrared spectroscopy approaches have unlocked a plethora of breakthrough applications for fields ranging from environmental monitoring and defense to chemical analysis and medical diagnostics. Nanophotonics has played a crucial role for pushing the sensitivity limits of traditional far-field spectroscopy by using resonant nanostructures to focus the incident light into nanoscale hot-spots of the electromagnetic field, greatly enhancing light-matter interaction. Metasurfaces composed of regular arrangements of such resonators further increase the design space for tailoring this nanoscale light control both spectrally and spatially, which has established them as an invaluable toolkit for surface-enhanced spectroscopy. Starting from the fundamental concepts of metasurface-enhanced infrared spectroscopy, a broad palette of resonator geometries, materials, and arrangements for realizing highly sensitive metadevices is showcased, with a special focus on emerging systems such as phononic and 2D van der Waals materials, and integration with waveguides for lab-on-a-chip devices. Furthermore, advanced sensor functionalities of metasurface-based infrared spectroscopy, including multiresonance, tunability, dielectrophoresis, live cell sensing, and machine-learning-aided analysis are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurelian John-Herpin
- Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Andreas Tittl
- Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nanoinstitute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80539, Munich, Germany
| | - Lucca Kühner
- Chair in Hybrid Nanosystems, Nanoinstitute Munich, Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80539, Munich, Germany
| | - Felix Richter
- Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
| | - Steven H Huang
- School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Gennady Shvets
- School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, 14853, USA
| | - Sang-Hyun Oh
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Hatice Altug
- Institute of Bioengineering, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, 1015, Switzerland
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36
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Wang Y, Yang S, Crozier PA. Spectroscopic Observation and Modeling of Photonic Modes in CeO2 Nanostructures. Microscopy and Microanalysis 2023; 29:1307-1314. [PMID: 37488821 DOI: 10.1093/micmic/ozad059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Abstract
Photonic modes in dielectric nanostructures, e.g., wide gap semiconductor like CeO2 (ceria), have the potential for various applications such as information transmission and sensing technology. To fully understand the properties of such phenomenon at the nanoscale, electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) in a scanning transmission electron microscope was employed to detect and explore photonic modes in well-defined ceria nanocubes. To facilitate the interpretation of the observations, EELS simulations were performed with finite-element methods. The simulations allow the electric and magnetic field distributions associated with different modes to be determined. A simple analytical eigenfunction model was also used to estimate the energy of the photonic modes. In addition, by comparing various spectra taken at different location relative to the cube, the effect of the surrounding environment on the modes could be sensed. This work gives a high-resolution description of the photonic modes' properties in nanostructures, while demonstrating the advantage of EELS in characterizing optical phenomena locally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Wang
- School for Engineering of Matter, Transport & Energy, Arizona State University, 501 E. Tyler Mall, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
| | - Shize Yang
- Eyring Materials Center, Arizona State University, 1001 S McAllister Ave, Tempe, AZ 85287-8301, USA
| | - Peter A Crozier
- School for Engineering of Matter, Transport & Energy, Arizona State University, 501 E. Tyler Mall, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA
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37
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Chung T, Wang H, Cai H. Dielectric metasurfaces for next-generation optical biosensing: a comparison with plasmonic sensing. Nanotechnology 2023; 34:10.1088/1361-6528/ace117. [PMID: 37352839 PMCID: PMC10416613 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ace117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
In the past decades, nanophotonic biosensors have been extended from the extensively studied plasmonic platforms to dielectric metasurfaces. Instead of plasmonic resonance, dielectric metasurfaces are based on Mie resonance, and provide comparable sensitivity with superior resonance bandwidth, Q factor, and figure-of-merit. Although the plasmonic photothermal effect is beneficial in many biomedical applications, it is a fundamental limitation for biosensing. Dielectric metasurfaces solve the ohmic loss and heating problems, providing better repeatability, stability, and biocompatibility. We review the high-Q resonances based on various physical phenomena tailored by meta-atom geometric designs, and compare dielectric and plasmonic metasurfaces in refractometric, surface-enhanced, and chiral sensing for various biomedical and diagnostic applications. Departing from conventional spectral shift measurement using spectrometers, imaging-based and spectrometer-less biosensing are highlighted, including single-wavelength refractometric barcoding, surface-enhanced molecular fingerprinting, and integrated visual reporting. These unique modalities enabled by dielectric metasurfaces point to two important research directions. On the one hand, hyperspectral imaging provides massive information for smart data processing, which not only achieve better biomolecular sensing performance than conventional ensemble averaging, but also enable real-time monitoring of cellular or microbial behaviour in physiological conditions. On the other hand, a single metasurface can integrate both functions of sensing and optical output engineering, using single-wavelength or broadband light sources, which provides simple, fast, compact, and cost-effective solutions. Finally, we provide perspectives in future development on metasurface nanofabrication, functionalization, material, configuration, and integration, towards next-generation optical biosensing for ultra-sensitive, portable/wearable, lab-on-a-chip, point-of-care, multiplexed, and scalable applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taerin Chung
- Tech4Health Institute, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, United States of America
- Department of Radiology, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, United States of America
| | - Hao Wang
- Tech4Health Institute, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, United States of America
- Department of Radiology, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, United States of America
| | - Haogang Cai
- Tech4Health Institute, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, United States of America
- Department of Radiology, New York University Langone Health, New York, NY 10016, United States of America
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, United States of America
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38
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Huang C, Peng S, Liu X, Wu J, Fu H, Lu L, Zhang S, Li Q. Manufacturing-Enabled Tunability of Linear and Nonlinear Epsilon-Near-Zero Properties in Indium Tin Oxide Nanofilms. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023. [PMID: 37449495 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c06270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
Epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) materials have attracted great interest due to their exotic linear and nonlinear responses, which makes it significant to tune ENZ wavelengths for wavelength-dependent applications. However, studies to achieve tunability in a wide spectral range and link the fabrication parameters with linear and nonlinear ENZ properties have been uncovered. ENZ indium tin oxide (ITO) nanofilms are fabricated by magnetron sputtering, through which the control of ENZ properties is demonstrated. Factors in the sputtering process, such as the gas ratio and annealing, have a great impact on the ITO samples. Tunable ENZ parameters are listed to provide a beneficial database for ENZ ITO, mainly attributed to the change of carrier concentration. The influence of ENZ parameters on optical characteristics via annealing treatment is further explored. The ENZ wavelength is blue-shifted by 609 nm, and the intrinsic loss is reduced by 63.2%, while the ITO samples exhibit better linear scattering properties and stronger field intensity enhancement. Additionally, the laser testing system illustrates the change from reverse saturable absorption to saturable absorption with an absolute modulation depth of 21.9%, improved by 222.1%, and the nonlinear refractive index n2 and nonlinear absorption coefficient β are 2.07 × 10-16 m2 W-1 and -3.16 × 10-10 m W-1 for post-annealed ITO samples, respectively. The proposed sputtering protocol offers a feasible technique to control the linear and nonlinear ENZ performance, which has great potential in laser technology and nanophotonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxingyu Huang
- School of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Siwei Peng
- School of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Xuanyi Liu
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jiaye Wu
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Photonic Systems Laboratory (PHOSL), STI-IEM, Station 11, Lausanne CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Hongyan Fu
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Lei Lu
- School of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Shengdong Zhang
- School of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Qian Li
- School of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Peking University, Shenzhen 518055, China
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39
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Jakšić Z, Devi S, Jakšić O, Guha K. A Comprehensive Review of Bio-Inspired Optimization Algorithms Including Applications in Microelectronics and Nanophotonics. Biomimetics (Basel) 2023; 8:278. [PMID: 37504166 PMCID: PMC10807478 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics8030278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The application of artificial intelligence in everyday life is becoming all-pervasive and unavoidable. Within that vast field, a special place belongs to biomimetic/bio-inspired algorithms for multiparameter optimization, which find their use in a large number of areas. Novel methods and advances are being published at an accelerated pace. Because of that, in spite of the fact that there are a lot of surveys and reviews in the field, they quickly become dated. Thus, it is of importance to keep pace with the current developments. In this review, we first consider a possible classification of bio-inspired multiparameter optimization methods because papers dedicated to that area are relatively scarce and often contradictory. We proceed by describing in some detail some more prominent approaches, as well as those most recently published. Finally, we consider the use of biomimetic algorithms in two related wide fields, namely microelectronics (including circuit design optimization) and nanophotonics (including inverse design of structures such as photonic crystals, nanoplasmonic configurations and metamaterials). We attempted to keep this broad survey self-contained so it can be of use not only to scholars in the related fields, but also to all those interested in the latest developments in this attractive area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoran Jakšić
- Center of Microelectronic Technologies, Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Swagata Devi
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, B V Raju Institute of Technology Narasapur, Narasapur 502313, India;
| | - Olga Jakšić
- Center of Microelectronic Technologies, Institute of Chemistry, Technology and Metallurgy, National Institute of the Republic of Serbia University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Koushik Guha
- Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, National Institute of Technology Silchar, Silchar 788010, India;
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40
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Gale A, Scognamiglio D, Zhigulin I, Whitefield B, Kianinia M, Aharonovich I, Toth M. Manipulating the Charge State of Spin Defects in Hexagonal Boron Nitride. Nano Lett 2023. [PMID: 37363816 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c01678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Negatively charged boron vacancies (VB-) in hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) have recently gained interest as spin defects for quantum information processing and quantum sensing by a layered material. However, the boron vacancy can exist in a number of charge states in the hBN lattice, but only the -1 state has spin-dependent photoluminescence and acts as a spin-photon interface. Here, we investigate the charge state switching of VB defects under laser and electron beam excitation. We demonstrate deterministic, reversible switching between the -1 and 0 states (VB- ⇌ VB0 + e-), occurring at rates controlled by excess electrons or holes injected into hBN by a layered heterostructure device. Our work provides a means to monitor and manipulate the VB charge state, and to stabilize the -1 state which is a prerequisite for spin manipulation and optical readout of the defect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angus Gale
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Dominic Scognamiglio
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Ivan Zhigulin
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Benjamin Whitefield
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Mehran Kianinia
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Igor Aharonovich
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Milos Toth
- School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Transformative Meta-Optical Systems, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
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41
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Goerlitzer ESA, Zapata-Herrera M, Ponomareva E, Feller D, Garcia-Etxarri A, Karg M, Aizpurua J, Vogel N. Molecular-Induced Chirality Transfer to Plasmonic Lattice Modes. ACS Photonics 2023; 10:1821-1831. [PMID: 37363627 PMCID: PMC10288536 DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.3c00174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Molecular chirality plays fundamental roles in biology. The chiral response of a molecule occurs at a specific spectral position, determined by its molecular structure. This fingerprint can be transferred to other spectral regions via the interaction with localized surface plasmon resonances of gold nanoparticles. Here, we demonstrate that molecular chirality transfer occurs also for plasmonic lattice modes, providing a very effective and tunable means to control chirality. We use colloidal self-assembly to fabricate non-close packed, periodic arrays of achiral gold nanoparticles, which are embedded in a polymer film containing chiral molecules. In the presence of the chiral molecules, the surface lattice resonances (SLRs) become optically active, i.e., showing handedness-dependent excitation. Numerical simulations with varying lattice parameters show circular dichroism peaks shifting along with the spectral positions of the lattice modes, corroborating the chirality transfer to these collective modes. A semi-analytical model based on the coupling of single-molecular and plasmonic resonances rationalizes this chirality transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric Sidney Aaron Goerlitzer
- Institute
of Particle Technology, Friedrich-Alexander
University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstraße 4, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mario Zapata-Herrera
- Materials
Physics Center CSIC-UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Ekaterina Ponomareva
- Institut
für Physikalische Chemie I: Kolloide und Nanooptik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, Düsseldorf D-40225 Germany
| | - Déborah Feller
- Institut
für Physikalische Chemie I: Kolloide und Nanooptik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, Düsseldorf D-40225 Germany
| | - Aitzol Garcia-Etxarri
- Donostia
International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque
Foundation for Science, Maria Diaz de Haro 3, 48013 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Matthias Karg
- Institut
für Physikalische Chemie I: Kolloide und Nanooptik, Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, Düsseldorf D-40225 Germany
| | - Javier Aizpurua
- Materials
Physics Center CSIC-UPV/EHU, Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 5, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
- Donostia
International Physics Center (DIPC), Paseo Manuel de Lardizabal 4, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Spain
| | - Nicolas Vogel
- Institute
of Particle Technology, Friedrich-Alexander
University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Cauerstraße 4, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
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42
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Sanz-Paz M, Zhu F, Bruder N, Kołątaj K, Fernández-Domínguez AI, Acuna GP. DNA Origami Assembled Nanoantennas for Manipulating Single-Molecule Spectral Emission. Nano Lett 2023. [PMID: 37338206 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c01818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2023]
Abstract
The emission spectrum of a dye is given by the energy of all of the possible radiative transitions weighted by their probability. This spectrum can be altered with optical nanoantennas that are able to manipulate the decay rate of nearby emitters by modifying the local density of photonic states. Here, we make use of DNA origami to precisely place an individual dye at different positions around a gold nanorod and show how this affects the emission spectrum of the dye. In particular, we observe a strong suppression or enhancement of the transitions to different vibrational levels of the excitonic ground state, depending on the spectral overlap with the nanorod resonance. This reshaping can be used to experimentally extract the spectral dependence of the radiative decay rate enhancement. Furthermore, for some cases, we argue that the drastic alteration of the fluorescence spectrum could arise from the violation of Kasha's rule.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Sanz-Paz
- Department of Physics, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 3, Fribourg CH-1700, Switzerland
| | - Fangjia Zhu
- Department of Physics, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 3, Fribourg CH-1700, Switzerland
| | - Nicolas Bruder
- Department of Physics, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 3, Fribourg CH-1700, Switzerland
| | - Karol Kołątaj
- Department of Physics, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 3, Fribourg CH-1700, Switzerland
| | - Antonio I Fernández-Domínguez
- Departamento de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada and Condensed Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, E-28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo P Acuna
- Department of Physics, University of Fribourg, Chemin du Musée 3, Fribourg CH-1700, Switzerland
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43
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Park JS, Li C, Kim KH, Tang Y, Murphey CGE, Teitsworth TS, Kim S, Harutyunyan H, Cahoon JF. Optical Nonlinearity in Silicon Nanowires Enabled by Bound States in the Continuum. ACS Nano 2023. [PMID: 37314088 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c02558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Intense electromagnetic fields localized within resonant photonic nanostructures provide versatile opportunities for engineering nonlinear optical effects on a subwavelength scale. For dielectric structures, optical bound states in the continuum (BICs, resonant nonradiative modes that exist within the radiation continuum) are an emerging strategy to localize and intensify fields. Here, we report efficient second and third harmonic generation from Si nanowires (NWs) encoded with BIC and quasi-BIC resonances. In situ dopant modulation during vapor-liquid-solid NW growth was followed by wet-chemical etching to periodically modulate the diameter of the Si NWs and create cylindrically symmetric geometric superlattices (GSLs) with precisely defined axial and radial dimensions. By variation of the GSL structure, BIC and quasi-BIC resonant conditions were created to span visible and near-infrared optical frequencies. To probe the optical nonlinearity of these structures, we collected linear extinction spectra and nonlinear spectra from single-NW GSLs, demonstrating that quasi-BIC spectral positions at the fundamental frequency are directly correlated with enhanced harmonic generation at second and third harmonic frequencies. Interestingly, we find that deliberate geometric detuning from the BIC condition leads to a quasi-BIC resonance with maximal harmonic generation efficiency by providing a balance between the capacity to trap light and the capacity to couple to the external radiation continuum. Moreover, under focused illumination, as few as 30 geometric unit cells are required to achieve more than 90% of the approximate maximum theoretical efficiency of an infinite structure, indicating that nanostructures with projected areas smaller than ∼10 μm2 can support quasi-BICs for efficient harmonic generation. The results represent an important step toward the design of efficient harmonic generation at the nanoscale and further highlight the photonic utility of BICs at optical frequencies in ultracompact one-dimensional nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Sung Park
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Chentao Li
- Department of Physics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Kyoung-Ho Kim
- Department of Physics, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Republic of Korea
| | - Yuankai Tang
- Department of Physics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - Corban G E Murphey
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Taylor S Teitsworth
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
| | - Seokhyoung Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Hayk Harutyunyan
- Department of Physics, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, United States
| | - James F Cahoon
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, United States
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44
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Fernández Blanco A, Hernández Pérez M, Moreno Trigos Y, García-Hernández J. Development of Optical Label-Free Biosensor Method in Detection of Listeria monocytogenes from Food. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:5570. [PMID: 37420736 DOI: 10.3390/s23125570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/09/2023]
Abstract
The present work describes an alternative method for detecting and identifying Listeria monocytogenes in food samples by developing a nanophotonic biosensor containing bioreceptors and optical transducers. The development of photonic sensors for the detection of pathogens in the food industry involves the implementation of procedures for selecting probes against the antigens of interest and the functionalization of the sensor surfaces on which the said bioreceptors are located. As a previous step to functionalizing the biosensor, an immobilization control of these antibodies on silicon nitride surfaces was carried out to check the effectiveness of in plane immobilization. On the one hand, it was observed that a Listeria monocytogenes-specific polyclonal antibody has a greater binding capacity to the antigen at a wide range of concentrations. A Listeria monocytogenes monoclonal antibody is more specific and has a greater binding capacity only at low concentrations. An assay for evaluating selected antibodies against particular antigens of Listeria monocytogenes bacteria was designed to determine the binding specificity of each probe using the indirect ELISA detection technique. In addition, a validation method was established against the reference method for many replicates belonging to different batches of meat-detectable samples, with a medium and pre-enrichment time that allowed optimal recovery of the target microorganism. Moreover, no cross-reactivity with other nontarget bacteria was observed. Thus, this system is a simple, highly sensitive, and accurate platform for L. monocytogenes detection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manuel Hernández Pérez
- Centro Avanzado de Microbiología de Alimentos, Biotechnology Department, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Yolanda Moreno Trigos
- Instituto de Ingeniería de Agua y del Medioambiente, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Jorge García-Hernández
- Centro Avanzado de Microbiología de Alimentos, Biotechnology Department, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
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45
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Chen H, Wang M, Huang W. Lead Monoxide Nanostructures for Nanophotonics: A Review. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:1842. [PMID: 37368272 DOI: 10.3390/nano13121842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Black-phosphorus-analog lead monoxide (PbO), as a new emerging 2D material, has rapidly gained popularity in recent years due to its unique optical and electronic properties. Recently, both theoretical prediction and experimental confirmation have revealed that PbO exhibits excellent semiconductor properties, including a tunable bandgap, high carrier mobility, and excellent photoresponse performance, which is undoubtedly of great interest to explore its practical application in a variety of fields, especially in nanophotonics. In this minireview, we firstly summarize the synthesis of PbO nanostructures with different dimensionalities, then highlight the recent progress in the optoelectronics/photonics applications based on PbO nanostructures, and present some personal insights on the current challenges and future opportunities in this research area. It is anticipated that this minireview can pave the way to fundamental research on functional black-phosphorus-analog PbO-nanostructure-based devices to meet the growing demands for next-generation systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Chen
- Engineering Training Center, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Mengke Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
| | - Weichun Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong 226019, China
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46
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Negoro H, Sugimoto H, Fujii M. Helicity-Preserving Optical Metafluids. Nano Lett 2023. [PMID: 37246948 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c01026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A colloidal suspension of photonic nanostructures exhibiting optical magnetism is dubbed an optical metafluid. A promising constituent of a metafluid is a nanosphere of high-refractive index dielectrics having the magnetic-type Mie resonances in the optical frequency. At the Kerker conditions, a dielectric nanosphere satisfies the electromagnetic duality symmetry condition and preserves the handedness of circularly polarized incident light. A metafluid of such dielectric nanospheres thus preserves the helicity of incident light. In the helicity-preserving metafluid, the local chiral fields around the constituent nanospheres are strongly enhanced, which improves the sensitivity of enantiomer-selective chiral molecular sensing. Here, we experimentally demonstrate that a solution of crystalline silicon nanospheres can be "dual" and "anti-dual" metafluids. We first theoretically address the electromagnetic duality symmetry of single silicon nanospheres. We then produce solutions of silicon nanospheres with narrow size distributions and experimentally demonstrate the "dual" and "anti-dual" behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hidemasa Negoro
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Sugimoto
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
| | - Minoru Fujii
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, Rokkodai, Nada, Kobe 657-8501, Japan
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47
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Adhikari S, Li J, Wang Y, Ruijs L, Liu J, Koopmans B, Orrit M, Lavrijsen R. Optical Monitoring of the Magnetization Switching of Single Synthetic-Antiferromagnetic Nanoplatelets with Perpendicular Magnetic Anisotropy. ACS Photonics 2023; 10:1512-1518. [PMID: 37215319 PMCID: PMC10197163 DOI: 10.1021/acsphotonics.3c00123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic antiferromagnetic nanoplatelets (NPs) with a large perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (SAF-PMA NPs) have a large potential in future local mechanical torque-transfer applications for e.g., biomedicine. However, the mechanisms of magnetization switching of these structures at the nanoscale are not well understood. Here, we have used a simple and relatively fast single-particle optical technique that goes beyond the diffraction limit to measure photothermal magnetic circular dichroism (PT MCD). This allows us to study the magnetization switching as a function of applied magnetic field of single 122 nm diameter SAF-PMA NPs with a thickness of 15 nm. We extract and discuss the differences between the switching field distributions of large ensembles of NPs and of single NPs. In particular, single-particle PT MCD allows us to address the spatial and temporal heterogeneity of the magnetic switching fields of the NPs at the single-particle level. We expect this new insight to help understand better the dynamic torque transfer, e.g., in biomedical and microfluidic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Adhikari
- Huygens-Kamerlingh
Onnes Laboratory, LION, 2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands
| | - J. Li
- Department
of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University
of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - Y. Wang
- Huygens-Kamerlingh
Onnes Laboratory, LION, 2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands
- School
of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute
of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - L. Ruijs
- Department
of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University
of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - J. Liu
- School
of Mechatronics Engineering, Harbin Institute
of Technology, Harbin 150001, P. R. China
| | - B. Koopmans
- Department
of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University
of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands
| | - M. Orrit
- Huygens-Kamerlingh
Onnes Laboratory, LION, 2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands
| | - R. Lavrijsen
- Department
of Applied Physics, Eindhoven University
of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, Netherlands
- Institute
for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven
University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
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48
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Gonçalves PAD, García de Abajo FJ. Interrogating Quantum Nonlocal Effects in Nanoplasmonics through Electron-Beam Spectroscopy. Nano Lett 2023; 23:4242-4249. [PMID: 37172322 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c00298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
A rigorous account of quantum nonlocal effects is paramount for understanding the optical response of metal nanostructures and for designing plasmonic devices at the nanoscale. Here, we present a scheme for retrieving the quantum surface response of metals, encapsulated in the Feibelman d-parameters, from electron energy-loss spectroscopy (EELS) and cathodoluminescence (CL) measurements. We theoretically demonstrate that quantum nonlocal effects have a dramatic impact on EELS and CL spectra, in the guise of spectral shifts and nonlocal damping, when either the system size or the inverse wave vector in extended structures approaches the nanometer scale. Our concept capitalizes on the unparalleled ability of free electrons to supply deeply subwavelength near-fields and, thus, probe the optical response of metals at length scales in which quantum-mechanical effects are apparent. These results pave the way for a widespread use of the d-parameter formalism, thereby facilitating a rigorous yet practical inclusion of nonclassical effects in nanoplasmonics.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A D Gonçalves
- ICFO-Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
| | - F Javier García de Abajo
- ICFO-Institut de Ciències Fotòniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology, 08860Castelldefels, Barcelona, Spain
- ICREA-Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08010 Barcelona, Spain
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49
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Mermet-Lyaudoz R, Symonds C, Berry F, Drouard E, Chevalier C, Trippé-Allard G, Deleporte E, Bellessa J, Seassal C, Nguyen HS. Taming Friedrich-Wintgen Interference in a Resonant Metasurface: Vortex Laser Emitting at an On-Demand Tilted Angle. Nano Lett 2023; 23:4152-4159. [PMID: 37130341 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c04936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Friedrich-Wintgen (FW) interference is an atypical coupling mechanism that grants loss exchange between leaky resonances in non-Hermitian classical and quantum systems. Intriguingly, such a mechanism makes destructive interference possible for scenarios in which a radiating wave becomes a bound state in the continuum (BIC) by giving away all of its losses. Here we propose and demonstrate experimentally an original concept to tailor FW-BICs with polarization singularity at on-demand wavevectors in an optical metasurface. As a proof-of-concept, using hybrid organic-inorganic halide perovskite as an active material, we empower this novel polarization singularity to obtain lasing emission, exhibiting both highly directional emission at oblique angles and a polarization vortex in momentum space. Our results pave the way to steerable coherent emission with a tailored polarization pattern for applications in optical communication/manipulation in free space, high-resolution imaging/focusing, and data storage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raphael Mermet-Lyaudoz
- Univ Lyon, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, INL, UMR5270, Ecully 69130, France
| | - Clémentine Symonds
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622 Lyon, France
| | - Florian Berry
- Univ Lyon, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, INL, UMR5270, Ecully 69130, France
| | - Emmanuel Drouard
- Univ Lyon, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, INL, UMR5270, Ecully 69130, France
| | - Céline Chevalier
- Univ Lyon, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, INL, UMR5270, Ecully 69130, France
| | - Gaëlle Trippé-Allard
- Lumière, Matière et Interfaces (LuMIn) Laboratory, Université Paris-Saclay, ENS Paris-Saclay, CNRS, CentraleSupélec, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Emmanuelle Deleporte
- Lumière, Matière et Interfaces (LuMIn) Laboratory, Université Paris-Saclay, ENS Paris-Saclay, CNRS, CentraleSupélec, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Joel Bellessa
- Univ Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, Institut Lumière Matière, F-69622 Lyon, France
| | - Christian Seassal
- Univ Lyon, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, INL, UMR5270, Ecully 69130, France
| | - Hai Son Nguyen
- Univ Lyon, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, INL, UMR5270, Ecully 69130, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 75231 Paris, France
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50
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Papas D, Ou JY, Plum E, Zheludev NI. Microwatt Volatile Optical Bistability via Nanomechanical Nonlinearity. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2023:e2300042. [PMID: 37186378 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202300042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Metastable optically controlled devices (optical flip-flops) are needed in data storage, signal processing, and displays. Although nonvolatile memory relying on phase transitions in chalcogenide glasses has been widely used for optical data storage, beyond that, weak optical nonlinearities have hindered the development of low-power bistable devices. This work reports a new type of volatile optical bistability in a hybrid nano-optomechanical device, comprising a pair of anchored nanowires decorated with plasmonic metamolecules. The nonlinearity and bistability reside in the mechanical properties of the acoustically driven nanowires and are transduced to the optical response by reconfiguring the plasmonic metamolecules. The device can be switched between bistable optical states with microwatts of optical power and its volatile memory can be erased by removing the acoustic signal. The demonstration of hybrid nano-optomechanical bistability opens new opportunities to develop low-power optical bistable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Papas
- Optoelectronics Research Centre and Centre for Photonic Metamaterials, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Jun-Yu Ou
- Optoelectronics Research Centre and Centre for Photonic Metamaterials, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Eric Plum
- Optoelectronics Research Centre and Centre for Photonic Metamaterials, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Nikolay I Zheludev
- Optoelectronics Research Centre and Centre for Photonic Metamaterials, University of Southampton, Highfield, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
- Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, SPMS, TPI, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637371, Singapore
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