1
|
Dang NHM, Zanotti S, Drouard E, Chevalier C, Trippé-Allard G, Deleporte E, Seassal C, Gerace D, Nguyen HS. Long-Range Ballistic Propagation of 80% Excitonic Fraction Polaritons in a Perovskite Metasurface at Room Temperature. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:11839-11846. [PMID: 39268715 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c02696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/17/2024]
Abstract
Exciton-polaritons, hybrid light-matter excitations arising from the strong coupling between excitons in semiconductors and photons in photonic nanostructures, are crucial for exploring the physics of quantum fluids of light and developing all-optical devices. Achieving room temperature propagation of polaritons with a large excitonic fraction is challenging but vital, e.g., for nonlinear light transport. We report on room temperature propagation of exciton-polaritons in a metasurface made from a subwavelength lattice of perovskite pillars. The large Rabi splitting, much greater than the optical phonon energy, decouples the lower polariton band from the phonon bath of the perovskite. These cooled polaritons, in combination with the high group velocity achieved through the metasurface design, enable long-range propagation, exceeding hundreds of micrometers even with an 80% excitonic component. Furthermore, the design of the metasurface introduces an original mechanism for unidirectional propagation through polarization control, suggesting a new avenue for the development of advanced polaritonic devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nguyen Ha My Dang
- Université Lyon, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, CNRS, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, INL, UMR5270, Ecully 69130, France
| | - Simone Zanotti
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pavia, via Bassi 6, I-27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Emmanuel Drouard
- Université Lyon, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, CNRS, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, INL, UMR5270, Ecully 69130, France
| | - Céline Chevalier
- Université Lyon, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, CNRS, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, INL, UMR5270, Ecully 69130, France
| | - Gaëlle Trippé-Allard
- Université Paris-Saclay, ENS Paris-Saclay, CentraleSupélec, CNRS, Lumière, Matière et Interfaces (LuMIn) Laboratory, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Emmanuelle Deleporte
- Université Paris-Saclay, ENS Paris-Saclay, CentraleSupélec, CNRS, Lumière, Matière et Interfaces (LuMIn) Laboratory, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Christian Seassal
- Université Lyon, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, CNRS, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, INL, UMR5270, Ecully 69130, France
| | - Dario Gerace
- Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pavia, via Bassi 6, I-27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - Hai Son Nguyen
- Université Lyon, Ecole Centrale de Lyon, CNRS, INSA Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CPE Lyon, CNRS, INL, UMR5270, Ecully 69130, France
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 75231 Paris, France
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Freire-Fernández F, Sinai NG, Hui Tan MJ, Park SM, Koessler ER, Krauss T, Huo P, Odom TW. Room-Temperature Polariton Lasing from CdSe Core-Only Nanoplatelets. ACS NANO 2024; 18:15177-15184. [PMID: 38808728 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c03164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
This paper reports how CdSe core-only nanoplatelets (NPLs) coupled with plasmonic Al nanoparticle lattices can exhibit exciton-polariton lasing. By improving a procedure to synthesize monodisperse 4-monolayer CdSe NPLs, we could resolve polariton decay dynamics and pathways. Experiment and theory confirmed that the system is in the strong coupling regime based on anticrossings in the dispersion diagrams and magnitude of the Rabi-splitting values. Notably, polariton lasing is observed only for cavity lattice periodicities that exhibit specific dispersive characteristics that enable polariton accumulation. The threshold of polariton lasing is 25-fold lower than the reported photon lasing values from CdSe NPLs in similar cavity designs. This open-cavity platform offers a simple approach to control exciton polaritons anticipated to benefit quantum information processing, optoelectronics, and chemical reactions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nathan G Sinai
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Max Jin Hui Tan
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Sang-Min Park
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Eric Rodolfo Koessler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Todd Krauss
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
- Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Pengfei Huo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
- Institute of Optics, University of Rochester, Rochester, New York 14627, United States
| | - Teri W Odom
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Bujalance C, Caliò L, Dirin DN, Tiede DO, Galisteo-López JF, Feist J, García-Vidal FJ, Kovalenko MV, Míguez H. Strong Light-Matter Coupling in Lead Halide Perovskite Quantum Dot Solids. ACS NANO 2024; 18:4922-4931. [PMID: 38301147 PMCID: PMC10867889 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c10358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Strong coupling between lead halide perovskite materials and optical resonators enables both polaritonic control of the photophysical properties of these emerging semiconductors and the observation of fundamental physical phenomena. However, the difficulty in achieving optical-quality perovskite quantum dot (PQD) films showing well-defined excitonic transitions has prevented the study of strong light-matter coupling in these materials, central to the field of optoelectronics. Herein we demonstrate the formation at room temperature of multiple cavity exciton-polaritons in metallic resonators embedding highly transparent Cesium Lead Bromide quantum dot (CsPbBr3-QD) solids, revealed by a significant reconfiguration of the absorption and emission properties of the system. Our results indicate that the effects of biexciton interaction or large polaron formation, frequently invoked to explain the properties of PQDs, are seemingly absent or compensated by other more conspicuous effects in the CsPbBr3-QD optical cavity. We observe that strong coupling enables a significant reduction of the photoemission line width, as well as the ultrafast modulation of the optical absorption, controllable by means of the excitation fluence. We find that the interplay of the polariton states with the large dark state reservoir plays a decisive role in determining the dynamics of the emission and transient absorption properties of the hybridized light-quantum dot solid system. Our results should serve as the basis for future investigations of PQD solids as polaritonic materials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Clara Bujalance
- Multifunctional
Optical Materials Group, Institute of Materials
Science of Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
− Universidad de Sevilla (CSIC-US), Américo Vespucio 49, Sevilla 41092, Spain
| | - Laura Caliò
- Multifunctional
Optical Materials Group, Institute of Materials
Science of Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
− Universidad de Sevilla (CSIC-US), Américo Vespucio 49, Sevilla 41092, Spain
| | - Dmitry N. Dirin
- Laboratory
of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zürich CH-8093, Switzerland
- EMPA
− Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf CH-8600, Switzerland
| | - David O. Tiede
- Multifunctional
Optical Materials Group, Institute of Materials
Science of Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
− Universidad de Sevilla (CSIC-US), Américo Vespucio 49, Sevilla 41092, Spain
| | - Juan F. Galisteo-López
- Multifunctional
Optical Materials Group, Institute of Materials
Science of Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
− Universidad de Sevilla (CSIC-US), Américo Vespucio 49, Sevilla 41092, Spain
| | - Johannes Feist
- Departamento
de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada and Condensed
Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad
Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Francisco J. García-Vidal
- Departamento
de Física Teórica de la Materia Condensada and Condensed
Matter Physics Center (IFIMAC), Universidad
Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid 28049, Spain
| | - Maksym V. Kovalenko
- Laboratory
of Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zürich, Zürich CH-8093, Switzerland
- EMPA
− Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, Dübendorf CH-8600, Switzerland
| | - Hernán Míguez
- Multifunctional
Optical Materials Group, Institute of Materials
Science of Sevilla, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas
− Universidad de Sevilla (CSIC-US), Américo Vespucio 49, Sevilla 41092, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Anantharaman SB, Lynch J, Stevens CE, Munley C, Li C, Hou J, Zhang H, Torma A, Darlington T, Coen F, Li K, Majumdar A, Schuck PJ, Mohite A, Harutyunyan H, Hendrickson JR, Jariwala D. Dynamics of self-hybridized exciton-polaritons in 2D halide perovskites. LIGHT, SCIENCE & APPLICATIONS 2024; 13:1. [PMID: 38161209 PMCID: PMC10757995 DOI: 10.1038/s41377-023-01334-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Excitons, bound electron-hole pairs, in two-dimensional hybrid organic inorganic perovskites (2D HOIPs) are capable of forming hybrid light-matter states known as exciton-polaritons (E-Ps) when the excitonic medium is confined in an optical cavity. In the case of 2D HOIPs, they can self-hybridize into E-Ps at specific thicknesses of the HOIP crystals that form a resonant optical cavity with the excitons. However, the fundamental properties of these self-hybridized E-Ps in 2D HOIPs, including their role in ultrafast energy and/or charge transfer at interfaces, remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that >0.5 µm thick 2D HOIP crystals on Au substrates are capable of supporting multiple-orders of self-hybridized E-P modes. These E-Ps have high Q factors (>100) and modulate the optical dispersion for the crystal to enhance sub-gap absorption and emission. Through varying excitation energy and ultrafast measurements, we also confirm energy transfer from higher energy E-Ps to lower energy E-Ps. Finally, we also demonstrate that E-Ps are capable of charge transport and transfer at interfaces. Our findings provide new insights into charge and energy transfer in E-Ps opening new opportunities towards their manipulation for polaritonic devices.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Surendra B Anantharaman
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| | - Jason Lynch
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Christopher E Stevens
- KBR Inc., Beavercreek, OH, 45431, USA
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Sensors Directorate, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH, 45433, USA
| | - Christopher Munley
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Chentao Li
- Department of Physics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Jin Hou
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Nanoengineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Hao Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Applied Physics Program, Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Andrew Torma
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
- Applied Physics Program, Smalley-Curl Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Thomas Darlington
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Francis Coen
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Kevin Li
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Arka Majumdar
- Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - P James Schuck
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027, USA
| | - Aditya Mohite
- Department of Physics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Hayk Harutyunyan
- Department of Physics, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Joshua R Hendrickson
- Air Force Research Laboratory, Sensors Directorate, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH, 45433, USA
| | - Deep Jariwala
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Das Adhikari S, Gualdrón Reyes AF, Paul S, Torres J, Escuder B, Mora-Seró I, Masi S. Impact of core-shell perovskite nanocrystals for LED applications: successes, challenges, and prospects. Chem Sci 2023; 14:8984-8999. [PMID: 37655016 PMCID: PMC10466310 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc02955g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Perovskite nanocrystals (PeNCs) synthesized by colloidal solution methods are an outstanding case of study due to their remarkable optical features, different from their bulk counterpart, such as a tuneable band gap and narrower photoluminescence emission, altered by the size and shape. However, the stability of these systems needs to be improved to consolidate their application in optoelectronic devices. Improved PeNC quality is associated with a less defective structure, as it affects negatively the photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY), due to the essential, but at the same time labile interaction between the colloidal capping ligands and the perovskite core. In this sense, it would be extremely effective to obtain an alternative method to stabilize the PeNC phases and passivate the surface, in order to improve both stability and optical properties. This objective can be reached exploiting the structural benefits of the interaction between the perovskite and other organic or inorganic materials with a compatible structure and optical properties and limiting the optical drawbacks. This perspective contemplates different combinations of core/shell PeNCs and the critical steps during the synthesis, including drawbacks and challenges based on their optical properties. Additionally, it provides insights for future light emitting diode (LED) applications and advanced characterization. Finally, the existing challenges and opportunities for core/shell PeNCs are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Samrat Das Adhikari
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat Jaume I (UJI) Avenida de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n Castelló 12071 Spain
| | - Andrés F Gualdrón Reyes
- Facultad de Ciencias, Instituto de Ciencias Químicas, Isla Teja Universidad Austral de Chile Valdivia 5090000 Chile
| | - Subir Paul
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat Jaume I (UJI) Avenida de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n Castelló 12071 Spain
| | - Jeevan Torres
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat Jaume I (UJI) Avenida de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n Castelló 12071 Spain
| | - Beatriu Escuder
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat Jaume I (UJI) Avenida de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n Castelló 12071 Spain
| | - Iván Mora-Seró
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat Jaume I (UJI) Avenida de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n Castelló 12071 Spain
| | - Sofia Masi
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat Jaume I (UJI) Avenida de Vicent Sos Baynat, s/n Castelló 12071 Spain
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wang Y, Tian J, Klein M, Adamo G, Ha ST, Soci C. Directional Emission from Electrically Injected Exciton-Polaritons in Perovskite Metasurfaces. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:4431-4438. [PMID: 37129264 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c00727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
We present a new approach to achieving strong coupling between electrically injected excitons and photonic bound states in the continuum of a dielectric metasurface. Here a high-finesse metasurface cavity is monolithically patterned in the channel of a perovskite light-emitting transistor to induce a large Rabi splitting of ∼200 meV and more than 50-fold enhancement of the polaritonic emission compared to the intrinsic excitonic emission of the perovskite film. Moreover, the directionality of polaritonic electroluminescence can be dynamically tuned by varying the source-drain bias, which induces an asymmetric distribution of exciton population within the transistor channel. We argue that this approach provides a new platform to study strong light-matter interactions in dispersion engineered photonic cavities under electrical injection and paves the way to solution-processed electrically pumped polariton lasers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yutao Wang
- Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, TPI, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371
- Interdisciplinary Graduate School, Energy Research Institute @NTU (ERI@N), Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637553
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371
| | - Jingyi Tian
- Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, TPI, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371
| | - Maciej Klein
- Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, TPI, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371
| | - Giorgio Adamo
- Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, TPI, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371
| | - Son Tung Ha
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore 138634
| | - Cesare Soci
- Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, TPI, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Xu H, Xu J, Jiang M, Liu M, Tang K, Kan C, Shi D. Exciton-polariton light-emitting diode based on a single ZnO superlattice microwire heterojunction with performance enhanced by Rh nanostructures. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:5836-5848. [PMID: 36745472 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp05446a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
One-dimensional (1D) wirelike superlattice micro/nanostructures have received considerable attention for potential applications due to their versatility and capability for modulating optical and electrical characteristics. In this study, 1D superlattice microwires (MWs), which are made of undoped ZnO and Ga-doped ZnO with periodic and alternating crystalline layers (ZnO/ZnO:Ga), were synthesized individually. Under optical excitation, a series of resonance peaks in the photoluminescence spectrum can be ascribed to polariton emission, which originates from the coupling interaction of the 1D photonic crystal and confined excitons along the wire direction. Using a p-type GaN layer as the hole transport layer, a kind of waveguide light source based on an individual ZnO/ZnO:Ga superlattice MW was proposed and constructed. By analysing the spatially resolved electroluminescence spectra, the observed multipeak was ascribed to exciton-polariton emission with a vacuum Rabi splitting of about 275 meV. Cladding with Rh nanostructures gives rise to appropriate ultraviolet plasmons, and the Rabi splitting energy of our device was enhanced up to 413 meV. The exciton-polariton properties were further examined using angle-resolved electroluminescence measurements. Therefore, individual superlattice MWs can act as optical microresonators to achieve photon-exciton coupling with a large Rabi splitting energy. The experimental results indicate that an individual ZnO/ZnO:Ga superlattice MW can be generally used in developing exciton-polariton luminescence/lasing light sources, particularly for constructing low-threshold/thresholdless lasers toward pragmatic applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Xu
- College of Physics, MIIT Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Materials and Physics, Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, No. 29 Jiangjun Road, Nanjing 211106, China. .,College of Mathematics and Physics, Nanjing Institute of Technology, Nanjing, 211167, China
| | - Juan Xu
- College of Physics, MIIT Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Materials and Physics, Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, No. 29 Jiangjun Road, Nanjing 211106, China.
| | - Mingming Jiang
- College of Physics, MIIT Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Materials and Physics, Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, No. 29 Jiangjun Road, Nanjing 211106, China.
| | - Maosheng Liu
- College of Physics, MIIT Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Materials and Physics, Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, No. 29 Jiangjun Road, Nanjing 211106, China.
| | - Kai Tang
- College of Physics, MIIT Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Materials and Physics, Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, No. 29 Jiangjun Road, Nanjing 211106, China.
| | - Caixia Kan
- College of Physics, MIIT Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Materials and Physics, Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, No. 29 Jiangjun Road, Nanjing 211106, China.
| | - Daning Shi
- College of Physics, MIIT Key Laboratory of Aerospace Information Materials and Physics, Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, No. 29 Jiangjun Road, Nanjing 211106, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Peng K, Tao R, Haeberlé L, Li Q, Jin D, Fleming GR, Kéna-Cohen S, Zhang X, Bao W. Room-temperature polariton quantum fluids in halide perovskites. Nat Commun 2022; 13:7388. [PMID: 36450719 PMCID: PMC9712507 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34987-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Quantum fluids exhibit quantum mechanical effects at the macroscopic level, which contrast strongly with classical fluids. Gain-dissipative solid-state exciton-polaritons systems are promising emulation platforms for complex quantum fluid studies at elevated temperatures. Recently, halide perovskite polariton systems have emerged as materials with distinctive advantages over other room-temperature systems for future studies of topological physics, non-Abelian gauge fields, and spin-orbit interactions. However, the demonstration of nonlinear quantum hydrodynamics, such as superfluidity and Čerenkov flow, which is a consequence of the renormalized elementary excitation spectrum, remains elusive in halide perovskites. Here, using homogenous halide perovskites single crystals, we report, in both one- and two-dimensional cases, the complete set of quantum fluid phase transitions from normal classical fluids to scatterless polariton superfluids and supersonic fluids-all at room temperature, clear consequences of the Landau criterion. Specifically, the supersonic Čerenkov wave pattern was observed at room temperature. The experimental results are also in quantitative agreement with theoretical predictions from the dissipative Gross-Pitaevskii equation. Our results set the stage for exploring the rich non-equilibrium quantum fluid many-body physics at room temperature and also pave the way for important polaritonic device applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kai Peng
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Renjie Tao
- Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Louis Haeberlé
- Department of Engineering Physics, École Polytechnique de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Quanwei Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Dafei Jin
- Center for Nanoscale Materials, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA
| | - Graham R Fleming
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA
| | - Stéphane Kéna-Cohen
- Department of Engineering Physics, École Polytechnique de Montréal, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Xiang Zhang
- Nanoscale Science and Engineering Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.
- Faculty of Science and Faculty of Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
| | - Wei Bao
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA.
| |
Collapse
|