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Jia X, Jiao L, Li R, Yan D, Hu L, Chen C, Li X, Zhai Y, Lu X. Inhibition effect of p-d orbital hybridized PtSn nanozymes for colorimetric sensor array of antioxidants. Biosens Bioelectron 2024; 261:116468. [PMID: 38852326 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2024.116468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/30/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Rational design of peroxidase (POD)-like nanozymes with high activity and specificity still faces a great challenge. Besides, the investigations of nanozymes inhibitors commonly focus on inhibition efficiency, the interaction between nanozymes-involved catalytic reactions and inhibitors is rarely reported. In this work, we design a p-block metal Sn-doped Pt (p-d/PtSn) nanozymes with the selective enhancement of POD-like activity. The p-d orbital hybridization interaction between Pt and Sn can effectively optimize the electronic structure of PtSn nanozymes and thus selectively enhance POD-like activity. In addition, the antioxidants as nanozymes inhibitors can effectively inhibit the POD-like activity of p-d/PtSn nanozymes, which results in the fact that antioxidants absorbed on the p-d/PtSn surface can hinder the adsorption of hydrogen peroxide. The inhibition type (glutathione as a model molecule) is reversible mixed-inhibition with inhibition constants (Ki' and Ki) of 0.21 mM and 0.03 mM. Finally, based on the varying inhibition levels of antioxidant molecules, a colorimetric sensor array is constructed to distinguish and simultaneously detect five antioxidants. This work is expected to design highly active and specific nanozymes through p-d orbital hybrid engineering, and also provides insights into the interaction between nanozymes and inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangkun Jia
- Institute of Molecular Metrology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, PR China
| | - Lei Jiao
- Institute of Molecular Metrology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, PR China.
| | - Ruimin Li
- Institute of Molecular Metrology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, PR China
| | - Dongbo Yan
- Institute of Molecular Metrology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, PR China
| | - Lijun Hu
- Institute of Molecular Metrology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, PR China
| | - Chengjie Chen
- Institute of Molecular Metrology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, PR China
| | - Xiaotong Li
- Institute of Molecular Metrology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, PR China
| | - Yanling Zhai
- Institute of Molecular Metrology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, PR China.
| | - Xiaoquan Lu
- Institute of Molecular Metrology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, PR China.
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2
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Zong X, Xu X, Pang DW, Huang X, Liu AA. Fine-Tuning Electron Transfer for Nanozyme Design. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2401836. [PMID: 39015050 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202401836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Nanozymes, with their versatile composition and structural adaptability, present distinct advantages over natural enzymes including heightened stability, customizable catalytic activity, cost-effectiveness, and simplified synthesis process, making them as promising alternatives in various applications. Recent advancements in nanozyme research have shifted focus from serendipitous discovery toward a more systematic approach, leveraging machine learning, theoretical calculations, and mechanistic explorations to engineer nanomaterial structures with tailored catalytic functions. Despite its pivotal role, electron transfer, a fundamental process in catalysis, has often been overlooked in previous reviews. This review comprehensively summarizes recent strategies for modulating electron transfer processes to fine-tune the catalytic activity and specificity of nanozymes, including electron-hole separation and carrier transfer. Furthermore, the bioapplications of these engineered nanozymes, including antimicrobial treatments, cancer therapy, and biosensing are also introduced. Ultimately, this review aims to offer invaluable insights for the design and synthesis of nanozymes with enhanced performance, thereby advancing the field of nanozyme research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Zong
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Xinran Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Dai-Wen Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Xinglu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, and Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - An-An Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
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3
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Hao J, Tan Y, Yuan J, Shang R, Xiang D, Cai K. Structural engineering of Pt-on-Rh hollow nanorods with high-performance peroxidase-like specific activity for colorimetric detection. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:11578-11584. [PMID: 38922335 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt01043d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/27/2024]
Abstract
The preparation of nanozymes with high specific activity is highly important for various applications. However, only a few nanozymes have specific activities comparable to natural enzymes. Herein, novel Pt-on-Rh hollow nanorods (PtRh HNRs) were developed, in which surface Pt exhibited adjustable dispersity and interior Rh served as the support. The optimized PtRh HNRs demonstrated high-performance peroxidase (POD)-like activity, with a specific activity as high as 1352 U mg-1, which was 3.86 times that of their monometallic Pt counterparts. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations illustrated that the presence of Rh decreased the energy barrier of the rate-determining step. When PtRh HNRs were used as nanozymes in the colorimetric detection of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and ascorbic acid (AA), the limits of detection (LODs) were as low as 9.97 μM and 0.039 μM, respectively. The current work highlights a facile and powerful strategy for manufacturing nanozymes with high specific activity and demonstrates that the prepared PtRh HNRs have the potential for analysis and determination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Hao
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434100, China.
| | - Yi Tan
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434100, China.
| | - Jincheng Yuan
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434100, China.
| | - Rui Shang
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434100, China.
| | - Dong Xiang
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434100, China.
| | - Kai Cai
- College of Chemistry & Environmental Engineering, Yangtze University, Jingzhou 434100, China.
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4
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Fan J, Zhang X, Tan W, Feng Z, Li K. Bioinspired Surface Ligand Engineering Regulates Electron Transfers in Gold Clusterzymes to Enhance the Catalytic Activity for Improving Sensing Performance. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:7800-7808. [PMID: 38870391 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c02175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2024]
Abstract
Metal nanoclusters feature a hierarchical structure, facilitating their ability to mimic enzyme-catalyzed reactions. However, the lack of true catalytic centers, compounded by tightly bound surface ligands hindering electron transfers to substrates, underscores the need for universal rational design methodologies to emulate the structure and mechanisms of natural enzymes. Motivated by the electron transfer in active centers with specific chemical structures, by integrating the peroxidase cofactor Fe-TCPP onto the surface of glutathione-stabilized gold nanoclusters (AuSG), we engineered AuSG-Fe-TCPP clusterzymes with a remarkable 39.6-fold enhancement in peroxidase-like activity compared to AuSG. Fe-TCPP not only mimics the active center structure, enhancing affinity to H2O2, but also facilitates the electron transfer process, enabling efficient H2O2 activation. By exemplifying the establishment of a detecting platform for trace H2O2 produced by ultrasonic cleaners, we substantiate that the bioinspired surface-ligand-engineered electron transfer can improve sensing performance with a wider linear range and lower detection limit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinsong Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Xiyue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Wenlong Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Zhenzhen Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
| | - Kun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecular Chemical Biology, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, P. R. China
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5
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Lei M, Ding X, Liu J, Tang Y, Chen H, Zhou Y, Zhu C, Yan H. Trace Amount of Bi-Doped Core-Shell Pd@Pt Mesoporous Nanospheres with Specifically Enhanced Peroxidase-Like Activity Enable Sensitive and Accurate Detection of Acetylcholinesterase and Organophosphorus Nerve Agents. Anal Chem 2024; 96:6072-6078. [PMID: 38577757 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c00789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
The urgent need for sensitive and accurate assays to monitor acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) arises from the imperative to safeguard human health and protect the ecosystem. Due to its cost-effectiveness, ease of operation, and rapid response, nanozyme-based colorimetry has been widely utilized in the determination of AChE activity and OPs. However, the rational design of nanozymes with high activity and specificity remains a great challenge. Herein, trace amount of Bi-doped core-shell Pd@Pt mesoporous nanospheres (Pd@PtBi2) have been successfully synthesized, exhibiting good peroxidase-like activity and specificity. With the incorporation of trace bismuth, there is a more than 4-fold enhancement in the peroxidase-like performance of Pd@PtBi2 compared to that of Pd@Pt. Besides, no significant improvement of oxidase-like and catalase-like activities of Pd@PtBi2 was found, which prevents interference from O2 and undesirable consumption of substrate H2O2. Based on the blocking impact of thiocholine, a colorimetric detection platform utilizing Pd@PtBi2 was constructed to monitor AChE activity with sensitivity and selectivity. Given the inhibition of OPs on AChE activity, a biosensor was further developed by integrating Pd@PtBi2 with AChE to detect OPs, capitalizing on the cascade amplification strategy. The OP biosensor achieved a detection limit as low as 0.06 ng mL-1, exhibiting high sensitivity and anti-interference ability. This work is promising for the construction of nanozymes with high activity and specificity, as well as the development of nanozyme-based colorimetric biosensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengdie Lei
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, P. R. China
| | - Xilin Ding
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, P. R. China
| | - Jin Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, P. R. China
| | - Yinjun Tang
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Hongxiang Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, P. R. China
| | - Yu Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, P. R. China
| | - Chengzhou Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
- College of Material Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Organosilicon Chemistry and Material Technology, Ministry of Education, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou 311121, P. R. China
| | - Hongye Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Hubei Province for Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430081, P. R. China
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6
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Zeng R, Gao Q, Xiao L, Wang W, Gu Y, Huang H, Tan Y, Tang D, Guo S. Precise Tuning of the D-Band Center of Dual-Atomic Enzymes for Catalytic Therapy. J Am Chem Soc 2024; 146:10023-10031. [PMID: 38554097 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.4c00791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
Single-atom nanozyme-based catalytic therapy is of great interest in the field of tumor catalytic therapy; however, their development suffers from the low affinity of nanozymes to the substrates (H2O2 or O2), leading to deficient catalytic activity in the tumor microenvironment. Herein, we report a new strategy for precisely tuning the d-band center of dual-atomic sites to enhance the affinity of metal atomic sites and substrates on a class of edge-rich N-doped porous carbon dual-atomic sites Fe-Mn (Fe1Mn1-NCe) for greatly boosting multiple-enzyme-like catalytic activities. The as-made Fe1Mn1-NCe achieved a much higher catalytic efficiency (Kcat/Km = 4.01 × 105 S-1·M-1) than Fe1-NCe (Kcat/Km = 2.41 × 104 S-1·M-1) with an outstanding stability of over 90% activity retention after 1 year, which is the best among the reported dual-atom nanozymes. Theoretical calculations reveal that the synergetic effect of Mn upshifts the d-band center of Fe from -1.113 to -0.564 eV and enhances the adsorption capacity for the substrate, thus accelerating the dissociation of H2O2 and weakening the O-O bond on O2. We further demonstrated that the superior enzyme-like catalytic activity of Fe1Mn1-NCe combined with photothermal therapy could effectively inhibit tumor growth in vivo, with an inhibition rate of up to 95.74%, which is the highest value among the dual-atom artificial enzyme therapies reported so far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijin Zeng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Qian Gao
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
| | - Limei Xiao
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
| | - Weijun Wang
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
| | - Yu Gu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Hengshuo Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Yingjun Tan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Dianping Tang
- Cancer Metastasis Alert and Prevention Center, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Cancer Metastasis Chemoprevention and Chemotherapy, State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
| | - Shaojun Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
- The Beijing Innovation Center for Engineering Science and Advanced Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
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7
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Yan D, Jiao L, Chen C, Jia X, Li R, Hu L, Li X, Zhai Y, Strizhak PE, Zhu Z, Tang J, Lu X. p-d Orbital Hybridization-Engineered PdSn Nanozymes for a Sensitive Immunoassay. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:2912-2920. [PMID: 38391386 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c00088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Nanozymes with peroxidase-like activity have been extensively studied for colorimetric biosensing. However, their catalytic activity and specificity still lag far behind those of natural enzymes, which significantly affects the accuracy and sensitivity of colorimetric biosensing. To address this issue, we design PdSn nanozymes with selectively enhanced peroxidase-like activity, which improves the sensitivity and accuracy of a colorimetric immunoassay. The peroxidase-like activity of PdSn nanozymes is significantly higher than that of Pd nanozymes. Theoretical calculations reveal that the p-d orbital hybridization of Pd and Sn not only results in an upward shift of the d-band center to enhance hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) adsorption but also regulates the O-O bonding strength of H2O2 to achieve selective H2O2 activation. Ultimately, the nanozyme-linked immunosorbent assay has been successfully developed to sensitively and accurately detect the prostate-specific antigen (PSA), achieving a low detection limit of 1.696 pg mL-1. This work demonstrates a promising approach for detecting PSA in a clinical diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongbo Yan
- Institute of Hybrid Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, and Institute of Molecular Metrology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Lei Jiao
- Institute of Hybrid Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, and Institute of Molecular Metrology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Chengjie Chen
- Institute of Hybrid Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, and Institute of Molecular Metrology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Xiangkun Jia
- Institute of Hybrid Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, and Institute of Molecular Metrology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Ruimin Li
- Institute of Hybrid Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, and Institute of Molecular Metrology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Lijun Hu
- Institute of Hybrid Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, and Institute of Molecular Metrology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Xiaotong Li
- Institute of Hybrid Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, and Institute of Molecular Metrology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Yanling Zhai
- Institute of Hybrid Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, and Institute of Molecular Metrology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Peter E Strizhak
- Institute of Hybrid Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, and Institute of Molecular Metrology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Zhijun Zhu
- Institute of Hybrid Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, and Institute of Molecular Metrology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Jianguo Tang
- Institute of Hybrid Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, and Institute of Molecular Metrology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoquan Lu
- Institute of Hybrid Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, and Institute of Molecular Metrology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
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8
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Shi L, Wang Z, Li Y, Wang J, Shan J, Zhuo J, Yin X, Sun J, Zhang D, Wang J. Dual-Readout Ultrasensitive Lateral Flow Immunosensing of Salmonella typhimurium in Dairy Products by Doping Engineering-Powered Nanoheterostructure with Enhanced Photothermal Performance. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:4405-4414. [PMID: 38357784 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c09597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The photothermal lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) is of great significance to suitable for on-site semiquantitative detection, which has the upper hand in further constructing detection methods for low-concentration targets. Herein, we presented a doping engineering-powered nanoheterostructure with an enhanced photothermal performance strategy, employing bimetallic nanocuboid Pt3Sn (PSNCs) as a proof of concept. With the help of finite element simulation analysis, the contrast of direct temperature experiment, and the evaluation of photothermal conversion efficiency (η), the distinguished and enthusiastic photothermal feedback of PSNCs is proved. Based on steady bright black of colorimetric and superior photothermal performance, the PSNCs were employed to construct an ultrasensitive model LIFA for detecting Salmonella typhimurium (S. typhimurium), which achieved the double-signal semiquantitative detection, the detection limit reached 103 cfu mL-1 (colorimetric mode) and 102 cfu mL-1 (photothermal mode), which is 100 times higher than that of the traditional colloidal gold method. In addition, the method was effective for the detection of targets in dairy samples only through a simple dilution treatment, which was completed within 15 min. Meanwhile, this PSNCs dual-signal LFIA demonstrated the sensitive detection of S. typhimurium due to the excellent colorimetric signal and significant photothermal performance, which provides a broad spectrum for the future detection of foodborne pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Longhua Shi
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ziqi Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuechun Li
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiamin Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jinrui Shan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Junchen Zhuo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xuechi Yin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Qinghai Key Laboratory of Qinghai-Tibet Plateau Biological Resources, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 23 Xinning Road, Xining 810008, Qinghai, China
| | - Daohong Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jianlong Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Northwest A&F University, 22 Xinong Road, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
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9
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Li R, Jiao L, Jia X, Yan L, Li X, Yan D, Zhai Y, Zhu C, Lu X. Bioinspired FeN 5 Sites with Enhanced Peroxidase-like Activity Enable Colorimetric Sensing of Uranyl Ions in Seawater. Anal Chem 2024. [PMID: 38324915 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
Nanozymes with peroxidase (POD)-like activity have garnered significant attention due to their exceptional performance in colorimetric assays. However, nanozymes often possess oxidase (OD) and POD-like activity simultaneously, which affects the accuracy and sensitivity of the detection results. To address this issue, inspired by the catalytic pocket of natural POD, a single-atom nanozyme with FeN5 configuration is designed, exhibiting enhanced POD-like activity in comparison with a single-atom nanozyme with FeN4 configuration. The axial N atom in FeN5 highly mimics the amino acid residues in natural POD to optimize the electronic structure of the metal active center Fe, realizing the efficient activation of H2O2. In addition, in the presence of both H2O2 and O2, FeN5 enhances the activation of H2O2, effectively avoiding the interference of dissolved oxygen in colorimetric sensing. As a proof-of-concept application, a colorimetric detection platform for uranyl ions (UO22+) in seawater is successfully constructed, demonstrating satisfactory sensitivity and specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruimin Li
- Institute of Molecular Metrology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Lei Jiao
- Institute of Molecular Metrology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Xiangkun Jia
- Institute of Molecular Metrology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Lijuan Yan
- Institute of Molecular Metrology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Xiaotong Li
- Institute of Molecular Metrology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Dongbo Yan
- Institute of Molecular Metrology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Yanling Zhai
- Institute of Molecular Metrology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
| | - Chengzhou Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, Hubei 430079, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoquan Lu
- Institute of Molecular Metrology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, P. R. China
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10
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Xu W, Wu Y, Gu W, Du D, Lin Y, Zhu C. Atomic-level design of metalloenzyme-like active pockets in metal-organic frameworks for bioinspired catalysis. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:137-162. [PMID: 38018371 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00767g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Abstract
Natural metalloenzymes with astonishing reaction activity and specificity underpin essential life transformations. Nevertheless, enzymes only operate under mild conditions to keep sophisticated structures active, limiting their potential applications. Artificial metalloenzymes that recapitulate the catalytic activity of enzymes can not only circumvent the enzymatic fragility but also bring versatile functions into practice. Among them, metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) featuring diverse and site-isolated metal sites and supramolecular structures have emerged as promising candidates for metalloenzymes to move toward unparalleled properties and behaviour of enzymes. In this review, we systematically summarize the significant advances in MOF-based metalloenzyme mimics with a special emphasis on active pocket engineering at the atomic level, including primary catalytic sites and secondary coordination spheres. Then, the deep understanding of catalytic mechanisms and their advanced applications are discussed. Finally, a perspective on this emerging frontier research is provided to advance bioinspired catalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqing Xu
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China.
| | - Yu Wu
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China.
| | - Wenling Gu
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China.
| | - Dan Du
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, 99164, Pullman, USA.
| | - Yuehe Lin
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Washington State University, 99164, Pullman, USA.
| | - Chengzhou Zhu
- National Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide, International Joint Research Center for Intelligent Biosensing Technology and Health, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P. R. China.
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11
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Zhang H, Wang Q, Cai F, Huang C, Wang Y, Zhang J, Huang J. NLISA versus enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay: Nanozyme-linked immunosorbent array based on platinum sub-nanocluster nanozyme for α-fetoprotein detection. LUMINESCENCE 2024; 39:e4620. [PMID: 37933617 DOI: 10.1002/bio.4620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Rapid and accurate identification of tumor metabolic markers is important for early tumor diagnosis and individualized treatment. Here, a stable monodisperse sub-nanometer platinum (Pt) material was developed as a highly efficient nanozyme with a specific activity of peroxidase as high as 20.86 U mg-1 through the growth of in situ domain-limited Pt quantum dots via the polymer polyvinylpyrrolidone. Further, the synthesis of large quantities of Pt-loaded SiO2 (Pt-SiO2 ) was determined by silylation reaction and used for naked eye colorimetric testing of human alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). In particular, the immunization incubation process occurred in preprepared microplates. A nanozyme-based immunomodel was constructed in the presence of the target AFP, and a chromogenic reaction occurred with exogenous hydrogen peroxide and the chromogenic substrate tetramethylbenzidine. On optimization of experimental conditions, the dynamic working response range for AFP was found to be 0.05-20 ng mL-1 , with a limit of detection of 38.7 pg mL-1 . This work provides a new strategy to design efficient nanozyme-based enzyme-linked immunochromatographic platforms to meet the practical use of replacing natural enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qingshui Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian-Macao Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Traditional Chinese Medicine-Oriented Chronic Disease Prevention and Treatment, Innovation and Transformation Center, Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fuzhou, China
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Fan Cai
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
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12
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Wang M, Liu H, Fan K. Signal Amplification Strategy Design in Nanozyme-Based Biosensors for Highly Sensitive Detection of Trace Biomarkers. SMALL METHODS 2023; 7:e2301049. [PMID: 37817364 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
Nanozymes show great promise in enhancing disease biomarker sensing by leveraging their physicochemical properties and enzymatic activities. These qualities facilitate signal amplification and matrix effects reduction, thus boosting biomarker sensing performance. In this review, recent studies from the last five years, concentrating on disease biomarker detection improvement through nanozyme-based biosensing are examined. This enhancement primarily involves the modulations of the size, morphology, doping, modification, electromagnetic mechanisms, electron conduction efficiency, and surface plasmon resonance effects of nanozymes for increased sensitivity. In addition, a comprehensive description of the synthesis and tuning strategies employed for nanozymes has been provided. This includes a detailed elucidation of their catalytic mechanisms in alignment with the fundamental principles of enhanced sensing technology, accompanied by the presentation of quantitatively analyzed results. Moreover, the diverse applications of nanozymes in strip sensing, colorimetric sensing, electrochemical sensing, and surface-enhanced Raman scattering have been outlined. Additionally, the limitations, challenges, and corresponding recommendations concerning the application of nanozymes in biosensing have been summarized. Furthermore, insights have been offered into the future development and outlook of nanozymes for biosensing. This review aims to serve not only as a reference for enhancing the sensitivity of nanozyme-based biosensors but also as a catalyst for exploring nanozyme properties and their broader applications in biosensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengting Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Urology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Urinary Minimally Invasive Surgery Robot and Intelligent Equipment, Guangzhou Institute of Urology, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510230, China
| | - Hongxing Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Urology, Guangdong Engineering Research Center of Urinary Minimally Invasive Surgery Robot and Intelligent Equipment, Guangzhou Institute of Urology, Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510230, China
| | - Kelong Fan
- CAS Engineering Laboratory for Nanozyme, Key Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100101, China
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13
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Li D, Fan T, Mei X. A comprehensive exploration of the latest innovations for advancements in enhancing selectivity of nanozymes for theranostic nanoplatforms. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:15885-15905. [PMID: 37755133 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr03327a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Nanozymes have captured significant attention as a versatile and promising alternative to natural enzymes in catalytic applications, with wide-ranging implications for both diagnosis and therapy. However, the limited selectivity exhibited by many nanozymes presents challenges to their efficacy in diagnosis and raises concerns regarding their impact on the progression of disease treatments. In this article, we explore the latest innovations aimed at enhancing the selectivity of nanozymes, thereby expanding their applications in theranostic nanoplatforms. We place paramount importance on the critical development of highly selective nanozymes and present innovative strategies that have yielded remarkable outcomes in augmenting selectivities. The strategies encompass enhancements in analyte selectivity by incorporating recognition units, refining activity selectivity through the meticulous control of structural and elemental composition, integrating synergistic materials, fabricating selective nanomaterials, and comprehensively fine-tuning selectivity via approaches such as surface modification, cascade nanozyme systems, and manipulation of external stimuli. Additionally, we propose optimized approaches to propel the further advancement of these tailored nanozymes while considering the limitations associated with existing techniques. Our ultimate objective is to present a comprehensive solution that effectively addresses the limitations attributed to non-selective nanozymes, thus unlocking the full potential of these catalytic systems in the realm of theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- College of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, 40 Songpo Rd, Jinzhou 121000, China.
| | - Tuocen Fan
- Jinzhou Medical University, 40 Songpo Rd, Jinzhou 121000, China.
| | - Xifan Mei
- Jinzhou Medical University, 40 Songpo Rd, Jinzhou 121000, China.
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14
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Chen S, Yu Z, Wang Y, Tang J, Zeng Y, Liu X, Tang D. Block-Polymer-Restricted Sub-nanometer Pt Nanoclusters Nanozyme-Enhanced Immunoassay for Monitoring of Cardiac Troponin I. Anal Chem 2023; 95:14494-14501. [PMID: 37707360 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Noble-metal nanozymes have demonstrated great potential in various fields. However, aggregation of single-particle nanoparticles severely affects their exposed catalytically active sites to the extent of exhibiting weak enzyme-like activity. Here, we present an organic block surfactant (polyvinylpyrrolidone, PVP) to construct monodisperse water-stable Pt nanoclusters (Pt NCs) for an enhanced immunoassay of cardiac troponin I (cTnI). The PVP-modified Pt NC nanozyme exhibited up to 16.3 U mg-1 peroxidase-mimicking activity, which was mainly attributed to the ligand modification on the surface and the electron-absorbing effect of the ligand on the Pt NCs. The PVP-modified Pt NCs have a lower OH-transition potential, as determined by density functional theory. Under optimized experimental conditions, the enhanced nanozyme immunoassay strategy exhibited an ultrawide dynamic response range of 0.005-50 ng mL-1 for cTnI targets with a detection limit of 1.3 pg mL-1, far superior to some reported test protocols. This work provides a designable pathway for the design of artificial enzymes with high enzyme-like activity to further expand the practical range of enzyme alternatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Science for Food Safety and Biology (MOE & Fujian Province), Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhichao Yu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Science for Food Safety and Biology (MOE & Fujian Province), Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunsen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Science for Food Safety and Biology (MOE & Fujian Province), Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Tang
- Key Laboratory for Green Chemistry of Jiangxi Province, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongyi Zeng
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolong Liu
- The United Innovation of Mengchao Hepatobiliary Technology Key Laboratory of Fujian Province, Mengchao Hepatobiliary Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350025, People's Republic of China
| | - Dianping Tang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Science for Food Safety and Biology (MOE & Fujian Province), Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou 350108, People's Republic of China
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15
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Gao W, Eastwood H, Xia X. Peroxidase mimics of platinum-group metals for in vitro diagnostics: opportunities and challenges. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:8404-8410. [PMID: 37644782 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb01255g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Platinum-group metal (PGM) nanostructures with peroxidase-like catalytic activities (i.e., peroxidase mimics) have been actively developed and applied to in vitro diagnostics in recent years. This article provides our viewpoints on this emerging field from the perspectives of materials science and solid-state chemistry angles. We start with an introduction to PGM peroxidase mimics, their catalytic efficiencies, and insights into catalysis from computational simulations. We then discuss chemical approaches to the synthesis of PGM peroxidase mimics with desired physicochemical parameters and catalytic properties. Then, we elaborate on general methods for functionalizing the surfaces of PGM mimics with bioreceptors. Thereafter, we highlight the applications of PGM mimics in in vitro diagnostics, emphasizing the interactions of PGM mimics with other components of a diagnostic system. We conclude this article with our opinions on the challenges and opportunities in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Gao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, USA.
| | - Hannah Eastwood
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, USA.
| | - Xiaohu Xia
- Department of Chemistry, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, USA.
- NanoScience Technology Center, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, USA
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16
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Liang S, Chen T, Zhao Y, Ren Y, Li M, Lu D, Wang J, Dai Y, Guo Y. Revealing the intrinsic peroxidase-like catalytic mechanism of O-doped CoS 2 nanoparticles. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:13666-13674. [PMID: 37551931 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr02496b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
CoS2 nanoparticles (NPs) have shown promise as potential peroxidase (POD)-like catalysts, but the catalytic molecular mechanisms are largely unknown. Moreover, no study has adequately explored the influence of O-doping induced by the inevitable oxidation of CoS2 on their POD-like activity. Here, O-doped CoS2 NPs were prepared by a one-step method, and their intrinsic POD-like catalytic mechanism was investigated with a combined experimental and theoretical approach. The hydroxyl radical (˙OH) and the superoxide radical (O2˙-) have been found to play significant roles in the POD-like activity, and ˙OH is the major radical. The O-doping could reduce the transition-state energy barrier of H2O2 dissociation, thus promoting the decomposition of H2O2 to ˙OH and inducing the formation of O2˙-. Therefore, O-doping is an effective method for enhancing the catalytic activity of CoS2 NPs. Furthermore, due to the excellent oxidation property of ˙OH and O2˙-, this nanozyme exhibited efficient catalytic activity towards the degradation of organic dyes with H2O2. This manuscript provides a new inspiration for designing more promising anion-defective transition-metal sulfide nanozymes for different applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shufeng Liang
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030013, China
| | - Tingyu Chen
- School of Environment and Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Yun Zhao
- School of Environment and Energy, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment and Pollution Control, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510000, China
| | - Yali Ren
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| | - Miaomiao Li
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| | - Dongtao Lu
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| | - Junhao Wang
- Institute of Crystalline Materials, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Yan Dai
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| | - Yujing Guo
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
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17
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Han X, Lin S, Cheng C, Han X, Tang D. Inspired by game theory: Multi-signal output photoelectrochemical point-of-care immunoassay based on target-triggered organic electronic barriers. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1265:341362. [PMID: 37230577 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
This work presents an integrated photoelectrochemical, impedance and colorimetric biosensing platform for flexible detection of cancer markers based on the targeted response by combining liposome amplification strategies and target-induced non-in situ formation of electronic barriers as the signal transduction modality on carbon-modified CdS photoanodes. Inspired by game theory, the carbon layer modified CdS hyperbranched structure with low impedance and high photocurrent response was firstly obtained by surface modification of CdS nanomaterials. Through a liposome-mediated enzymatic reaction amplification strategy, a large number of organic electron barriers were formed by a biocatalytic precipitation (BCP) reaction triggered by horseradish peroxidase released from cleaved liposomes after the introduction of the target molecule, thereby increasing the impedance characteristics of the photoanode as well as attenuating the photocurrent. The BCP reaction in the microplate was accompanied by a significant color change, which opened up a new window for point-of-care testing. Taking carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) as a proof of concept, the multi-signal output sensing platform showed a satisfactory sensitive response to CEA with an optimal linear range of 20 pg mL-1-100 ng mL-1. The detection limit was as low as 8.4 pg mL-1. Meanwhile, with the assistance of a portable smartphone and a miniature electrochemical workstation, the electrical signal obtained was synchronized with the colorimetric signal to correct the actual target concentration in the sample, further reducing the occurrence of false reports. Importantly, this protocol provides a new idea for the sensitive detection of cancer markers and the construction of a multi-signal output platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianlin Han
- Department of General Surgery, State Key Laboratory of Complex Severe and Rare Diseases, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, PR China.
| | - Shujin Lin
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, PR China
| | - Cui Cheng
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, PR China
| | - Xiao Han
- College of Biological Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, PR China.
| | - Dianping Tang
- Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology (MOE & Fujian Province), Department of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, PR China
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