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Xiong Y, Wang Y, Zhou J, Liu F, Hao F, Fan Z. Electrochemical Nitrate Reduction: Ammonia Synthesis and the Beyond. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2304021. [PMID: 37294062 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202304021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2023] [Revised: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Natural nitrogen cycle has been severely disrupted by anthropogenic activities. The overuse of N-containing fertilizers induces the increase of nitrate level in surface and ground waters, and substantial emission of nitrogen oxides causes heavy air pollution. Nitrogen gas, as the main component of air, has been used for mass ammonia production for over a century, providing enough nutrition for agriculture to support world population increase. In the last decade, researchers have made great efforts to develop ammonia processes under ambient conditions to combat the intensive energy consumption and high carbon emission associated with the Haber-Bosch process. Among different techniques, electrochemical nitrate reduction reaction (NO3RR) can achieve nitrate removal and ammonia generation simultaneously using renewable electricity as the power, and there is an exponential growth of studies in this research direction. Here, a timely and comprehensive review on the important progresses of electrochemical NO3RR, covering the rational design of electrocatalysts, emerging CN coupling reactions, and advanced energy conversion and storage systems is provided. Moreover, future perspectives are proposed to accelerate the industrialized NH3 production and green synthesis of chemicals, leading to a sustainable nitrogen cycle via prosperous N-based electrochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuecheng Xiong
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Yunhao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Jingwen Zhou
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Fu Liu
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Fengkun Hao
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Zhanxi Fan
- Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
- Hong Kong Branch of National Precious Metals Material Engineering Research Center (NPMM), City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, 999077, P. R. China
- City University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, 518057, P. R. China
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Yang D, Yuan M, Huang J, Xiang X, Pang H, Wei Q, Luo X, Cheng C, Qiu L, Ma L. Conjugated Network Supporting Highly Surface-Exposed Ru Site-Based Artificial Antioxidase for Efficiently Modulating Microenvironment and Alleviating Solar Dermatitis. ACS NANO 2024; 18:3424-3437. [PMID: 38227828 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c10552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
Solar dermatitis, a form of acute radiation burn that affects the skin, results from overexposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation in strong sunlight. Cell damage caused by the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by UVB radiation plays an important role in UVB-induced inflammation in the skin. Here, for efficiently scavenging excess ROS, modulating the microenvironment, and alleviating solar dermatitis, a π-conjugated network polyphthalocyanine supporting a highly surface-exposed Ru active site-based artificial antioxidase (HSE-PPcRu) is designed and fabricated with excellent ROS-scavenging, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory capabilities. In photodamaged human keratinocyte cells, HSE-PPcRu could modulate mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor kappa-B signaling pathways, prevent DNA damage, suppress apoptosis, inhibit pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion, and alleviate cell damage. In vivo animal experiments reveal the higher antioxidant and anti-inflammatory efficacies of HSE-PPcRu by reversing the activation of p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase, inhibiting expression of cyclooxygenase-2, interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and tumor necrosis factor-α. This work not only provides an idea for alleviating solar dermatitis via catalytically scavenging ROS and modulating the microenvironment but also offers a strategy to design an intelligent conjugated network-based artificial antioxidase with a highly surface-exposed active site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongmei Yang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Minjia Yuan
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jianbo Huang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xi Xiang
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Houqing Pang
- Department of Ultrasound, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Qiang Wei
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Xianglin Luo
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Chong Cheng
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Li Qiu
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Lang Ma
- Department of Medical Ultrasound, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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Huang Z, Yang B, Zhou Y, Luo W, Chen G, Liu M, Liu X, Ma R, Zhang N. Tungsten Nitride/Tungsten Oxide Nanosheets for Enhanced Oxynitride Intermediate Adsorption and Hydrogenation in Nitrate Electroreduction to Ammonia. ACS NANO 2023; 17:25091-25100. [PMID: 38054420 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c07734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical NO3- reduction reaction (NO3RR) is a promising technique for green NH3 synthesis. Tungsten oxide (WO3) has been regarded as an effective electrocatalyst for electrochemical NH3 synthesis. However, the weak adsorption and the sluggish hydrogenation of oxynitride intermediates (NOx, e.g., *NO3 and *NO2) over WO3 materials hinder the efficiency of converting NO3- to NH3. Herein, we design a heterostructure of tungsten nitride (WN) and WO3 (WN/WO3) nanosheets to optimize *NO3 and *NO2 adsorptions and facilitate *NO2 hydrogenations to achieve a highly efficient electrochemical NO3RR to produce NH3. Theoretical calculations predict that locally introducing WN into WO3 will shorten the distance between adjacent W atoms, resulting in *NO3 and *NO2 being strongly adsorbed on W active sites in the form of bidentate ligands instead of the relatively weak monodentate ligands. Furthermore, WN facilitates H2O dissociation to supply the requisite protons, which is beneficial for *NO2 hydrogenations. Inspired by theoretical prediction, WN/WO3 nanosheets are successfully fabricated through a high-temperature nitridation process. The transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and X-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy investigations confirm that the amorphous WN has been locally introduced in situ into WO3 nanosheets to form a composite heterostructure. The as-prepared WN/WO3 nanosheets exhibit a high Faraday efficiency of 88.9 ± 7.2% and an appreciable yield rate of 8.4 mg h-1 cm-2 toward NH3 production, which is much higher than that of individual WO3 and WN. The enhanced adsorption and hydrogenation behaviors of *NOx over WN/WO3 are characterized by in situ Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, consistent with the theoretical predictions. This work develops facile and effective heterostructure nanomaterials to tune the adsorption and hydrogenation of NOx for boosting the efficiency from NO3- to NH3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhencong Huang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Baopeng Yang
- School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Yulong Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Wuqing Luo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Gen Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Min Liu
- School of Physics and Electronics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
| | - Xiaohe Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Renzhi Ma
- Research Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Ning Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China
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Li D, Fan T, Mei X. A comprehensive exploration of the latest innovations for advancements in enhancing selectivity of nanozymes for theranostic nanoplatforms. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:15885-15905. [PMID: 37755133 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr03327a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Nanozymes have captured significant attention as a versatile and promising alternative to natural enzymes in catalytic applications, with wide-ranging implications for both diagnosis and therapy. However, the limited selectivity exhibited by many nanozymes presents challenges to their efficacy in diagnosis and raises concerns regarding their impact on the progression of disease treatments. In this article, we explore the latest innovations aimed at enhancing the selectivity of nanozymes, thereby expanding their applications in theranostic nanoplatforms. We place paramount importance on the critical development of highly selective nanozymes and present innovative strategies that have yielded remarkable outcomes in augmenting selectivities. The strategies encompass enhancements in analyte selectivity by incorporating recognition units, refining activity selectivity through the meticulous control of structural and elemental composition, integrating synergistic materials, fabricating selective nanomaterials, and comprehensively fine-tuning selectivity via approaches such as surface modification, cascade nanozyme systems, and manipulation of external stimuli. Additionally, we propose optimized approaches to propel the further advancement of these tailored nanozymes while considering the limitations associated with existing techniques. Our ultimate objective is to present a comprehensive solution that effectively addresses the limitations attributed to non-selective nanozymes, thus unlocking the full potential of these catalytic systems in the realm of theranostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Li
- College of Pharmacy, Jinzhou Medical University, 40 Songpo Rd, Jinzhou 121000, China.
| | - Tuocen Fan
- Jinzhou Medical University, 40 Songpo Rd, Jinzhou 121000, China.
| | - Xifan Mei
- Jinzhou Medical University, 40 Songpo Rd, Jinzhou 121000, China.
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