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Ding X, Xu J, Xu J, Zhao J, Liu R, Zheng L, Wang J, Zhang Y, Weng Z, Zhang C, Wu L, Cheng H, Zhang C. Standalone Stretchable Biophysical Sensing System Based on Laser Direct Write of Patterned Porous Graphene/Co 3O 4 Nanocomposites. ACS Sens 2024. [PMID: 38916449 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.4c00916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Skin-interfaced wearable sensors can continuously monitor various biophysical and biochemical signals for health monitoring and disease diagnostics. However, such devices are typically limited by unsatisfactory and unstable output performance of the power supplies under mechanical deformations and human movements. Furthermore, there is also a lack of a simple and cost-effective fabrication technique to fabricate and integrate varying materials in the device system. Herein, we report a fully integrated standalone stretchable biophysical sensing system by combining wearable biophysical sensors, triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG), microsupercapacitor arrays (MSCAs), power management circuits, and wireless transmission modules. All of the device components and interconnections based on the three-dimensional (3D) networked graphene/Co3O4 nanocomposites are fabricated via low-cost and scalable direct laser writing. The self-charging power units can efficiently harvest energy from body motion into a stable and adjustable voltage/current output to drive various biophysical sensors and wireless transmission modules for continuously capturing, processing, and wirelessly transmitting various signals in real-time. The novel material modification, device configuration, and system integration strategies provide a rapid and scalable route to the design and application of next-generation standalone stretchable sensing systems for health monitoring and human-machine interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Ding
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Industrial Green Technology, College of Ecological and Resources Engineering, Wuyi University, Wuyishan 354300, P. R. China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Functional Marine Sensing Materials, College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jin Xu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Industrial Green Technology, College of Ecological and Resources Engineering, Wuyi University, Wuyishan 354300, P. R. China
| | - Jie Xu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Industrial Green Technology, College of Ecological and Resources Engineering, Wuyi University, Wuyishan 354300, P. R. China
| | - Jinyun Zhao
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Industrial Green Technology, College of Ecological and Resources Engineering, Wuyi University, Wuyishan 354300, P. R. China
| | - Ruilai Liu
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Industrial Green Technology, College of Ecological and Resources Engineering, Wuyi University, Wuyishan 354300, P. R. China
| | - Longhui Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Functional Marine Sensing Materials, College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Functional Marine Sensing Materials, College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
| | - Zixiang Weng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Functional Marine Sensing Materials, College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
| | - Lixin Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Design and Assembly of Functional Nanostructures, Fujian Key Laboratory of Nanomaterials, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Huanyu Cheng
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Functional Marine Sensing Materials, College of Material and Chemical Engineering, Minjiang University, Fuzhou 350108, P. R. China
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, Materials Research Institute, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
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Liu C, Feng Z, Yin T, Wan T, Guan P, Li M, Hu L, Lin CH, Han Z, Xu H, Chen W, Wu T, Liu G, Zhou Y, Peng S, Wang C, Chu D. Multi-Interface Engineering of MXenes for Self-Powered Wearable Devices. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2403791. [PMID: 38780429 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202403791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
Self-powered wearable devices with integrated energy supply module and sensitive sensors have significantly blossomed for continuous monitoring of human activity and the surrounding environment in healthcare sectors. The emerging of MXene-based materials has brought research upsurge in the fields of energy and electronics, owing to their excellent electrochemical performance, large surface area, superior mechanical performance, and tunable interfacial properties, where their performance can be further boosted via multi-interface engineering. Herein, a comprehensive review of recent progress in MXenes for self-powered wearable devices is discussed from the aspects of multi-interface engineering. The fundamental properties of MXenes including electronic, mechanical, optical, and thermal characteristics are discussed in detail. Different from previous review works on MXenes, multi-interface engineering of MXenes from termination regulation to surface modification and their impact on the performance of materials and energy storage/conversion devices are summarized. Based on the interfacial manipulation strategies, potential applications of MXene-based self-powered wearable devices are outlined. Finally, proposals and perspectives are provided on the current challenges and future directions in MXene-based self-powered wearable devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Ziheng Feng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Tao Yin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Tao Wan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Peiyuan Guan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Mengyao Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Long Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Chun-Ho Lin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Zhaojun Han
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
- School of Mechanical, Medical and Process Engineering, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, 4000, Australia
- CSIRO Manufacturing, 36 Bradfield Road, Lindfield, NSW, 2070, Australia
| | - Haolan Xu
- Future Industries Institute, UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes Campus, South Australia, 5095, Australia
| | - Wenlong Chen
- School of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, 2050, Australia
| | - Tom Wu
- Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Guozhen Liu
- Integrated Devices and Intelligent Diagnosis (ID2) Laboratory, CUHK(SZ)-Boyalife Regenerative Medicine Engineering Joint Laboratory, Biomedical Engineering Programme, School of Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518172, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- School of Mechanical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Shuhua Peng
- School of Mechanical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Chun Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
| | - Dewei Chu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, 2052, Australia
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3
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Zhang L, Zhang Z, Gao X, Liao H. The Preparation of Crumpled Graphene Oxide Balls and Research in Tribological Properties. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:2383. [PMID: 38793450 PMCID: PMC11122906 DOI: 10.3390/ma17102383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
In this study, crumpled graphene oxide balls (CGBs) were prepared via capillary compression using a rapidly evaporating aerosol droplet method. The CGBs were observed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), and Raman spectroscopy. The size distributions of crumpled particles were obtained using a laser nanometer particle size analyzer (DLS). The dispersibility of the water and the ionic liquid (IL) was tested by ultrasonic dispersion. The tribological properties of water or ionic liquids containing crumpled graphene oxide ball additives (W/IL-CGB) were tested by a reciprocating friction tester and compared with water/ionic liquids with graphene oxide. The morphology of the wear scar was observed by a three-dimensional optical microscope and its lubrication mechanism was analyzed. The results show that the CGBs were successfully prepared by rapid evaporation of aerosol droplets, and the obtained CGBs were crumpled paper spheres. The CGBs had good water dispersion and ionic liquid dispersion, and IL-CGB has excellent anti-friction and anti-wear effects on steel-steel friction pairs. During the friction process, the CGB was adsorbed at the interface of the steel-steel friction pair to form a protective layer, which avoids the direct contact of the friction pair, thereby reducing friction and wear.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhengrui Zhang
- College of Civil Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong 643000, China; (L.Z.); (X.G.); (H.L.)
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Zhu J, Xiao Y, Zhang X, Tong Y, Li J, Meng K, Zhang Y, Li J, Xing C, Zhang S, Bao B, Yang H, Gao M, Pan T, Liu S, Lorestani F, Cheng H, Lin Y. Direct Laser Processing and Functionalizing PI/PDMS Composites for an On-Demand, Programmable, Recyclable Device Platform. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2400236. [PMID: 38563243 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202400236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Skin-interfaced high-sensitive biosensing systems to detect electrophysiological and biochemical signals have shown great potential in personal health monitoring and disease management. However, the integration of 3D porous nanostructures for improved sensitivity and various functional composites for signal transduction/processing/transmission often relies on different materials and complex fabrication processes, leading to weak interfaces prone to failure upon fatigue or mechanical deformations. The integrated system also needs additional adhesive to strongly conform to the human skin, which can also cause irritation, alignment issues, and motion artifacts. This work introduces a skin-attachable, reprogrammable, multifunctional, adhesive device patch fabricated by simple and low-cost laser scribing of an adhesive composite with polyimide powders and amine-based ethoxylated polyethylenimine dispersed in the silicone elastomer. The obtained laser-induced graphene in the adhesive composite can be further selectively functionalized with conductive nanomaterials or enzymes for enhanced electrical conductivity or selective sensing of various sweat biomarkers. The possible combination of the sensors for real-time biofluid analysis and electrophysiological signal monitoring with RF energy harvesting and communication promises a standalone stretchable adhesive device platform based on the same material system and fabrication process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Zhu
- School of Material and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
- Yangtze Delta Region Institute (Quzhou), University of Electronics Science and Technology of China, Quzhou, 324000, China
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Yang Xiao
- School of Material and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Xianzhe Zhang
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Yao Tong
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Suzhou, 215011, P. R. China
| | - Jiaying Li
- School of Material and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Ke Meng
- School of Material and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Yingying Zhang
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Suzhou, 215011, P. R. China
| | - Jiuqiang Li
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Suzhou, 215011, P. R. China
| | - Chenghao Xing
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Senhao Zhang
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Suzhou, 215011, P. R. China
| | - Benkun Bao
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Suzhou, 215011, P. R. China
| | - Hongbo Yang
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Science, Suzhou, 215011, P. R. China
| | - Min Gao
- School of Material and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Taisong Pan
- School of Material and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
| | - Shangbin Liu
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Farnaz Lorestani
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Huanyu Cheng
- Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, 16802, USA
| | - Yuan Lin
- School of Material and Energy, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
- Medico-Engineering Cooperation on Applied Medicine Research Center, University of Electronics Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, China
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5
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Hu C, Wang L, Liu S, Sheng X, Yin L. Recent Development of Implantable Chemical Sensors Utilizing Flexible and Biodegradable Materials for Biomedical Applications. ACS NANO 2024; 18:3969-3995. [PMID: 38271679 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c11832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024]
Abstract
Implantable chemical sensors built with flexible and biodegradable materials exhibit immense potential for seamless integration with biological systems by matching the mechanical properties of soft tissues and eliminating device retraction procedures. Compared with conventional hospital-based blood tests, implantable chemical sensors have the capability to achieve real-time monitoring with high accuracy of important biomarkers such as metabolites, neurotransmitters, and proteins, offering valuable insights for clinical applications. These innovative sensors could provide essential information for preventive diagnosis and effective intervention. To date, despite extensive research on flexible and bioresorbable materials for implantable electronics, the development of chemical sensors has faced several challenges related to materials and device design, resulting in only a limited number of successful accomplishments. This review highlights recent advancements in implantable chemical sensors based on flexible and biodegradable materials, encompassing their sensing strategies, materials strategies, and geometric configurations. The following discussions focus on demonstrated detection of various objects including ions, small molecules, and a few examples of macromolecules using flexible and/or bioresorbable implantable chemical sensors. Finally, we will present current challenges and explore potential future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Liu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology of Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, P. R. China
| | - Shangbin Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xing Sheng
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Beijing National Research Center for Information Science and Technology, Institute for Precision Medicine, Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology, IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Lan Yin
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, The Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, Laboratory of Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
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6
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Chen J, Chen K, Jin J, Wu K, Wang Y, Zhang J, Liu G, Sun J. Outstanding Synergy of Sensitivity and Linear Range Enabled by Multigradient Architectures. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:11958-11967. [PMID: 38090798 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c04204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Flexible pressure sensors are devices that mimic the sensory capabilities of natural human skin and enable robots to perceive external stimuli. One of the main challenges is maintaining high sensitivity over a broad linear pressure range due to poor structural compressibility. Here, we report a flexible pressure sensor with an ultrahigh sensitivity of 153.3 kPa-1 and linear response over an unprecedentedly broad pressure range from 0.0005 to 1300 kPa based on interdigital-shaped, multigradient architectures, featuring modulus, conductivity, and microstructure gradients. Such multigradient architectures and interdigital-shaped configurations enable effective stress transfer and conductivity regulation, evading the pressure sensitivity-linear range trade-off dilemma. Together with high pressure resolution, high frequency response, and good reproducibility over the ultrabroad linear range, proof-of-concept applications such as acoustic wave detection, high-resolution pressure measurement, and healthcare monitoring in diverse scenarios are demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaorui Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China
| | - Kai Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China
| | - Jiaqi Jin
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China
| | - Kai Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China
| | - Yaqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China
| | - Jinyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China
| | - Gang Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China
| | - Jun Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Mechanical Behavior of Materials, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, P.R. China
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Wang B, Zhang W, Lai C, Liu Y, Guo H, Zhang D, Guo Z. Facile Design of Flexible, Strong, and Highly Conductive MXene-Based Composite Films for Multifunctional Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2302335. [PMID: 37661587 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202302335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Strong, conductive, and flexible materials with improving ion accessibility have attracted significant attention in electromagnetic interference (EMI) and foldable wearable electronics. However, it still remains a great challenge to realize high performance at the same time for both properties. Herein, a microscale structural design combined with nanostructures strategy to fabricate TOCNF(F)/Ti3 C2 Tx (M)@AgNW(A) composite films via a facile vacuum filtration process followed by hot pressing (TOCNF = TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibrils, NW = nanowires) is described. The comparison reveals that different microscale structures can significantly influence the properties of thin films, especially their electrochemical properties. Impressively, the ultrathin MA/F/MA film with enhanced layer in the middle exhibits an excellent tensile strength of 107.9 MPa, an outstanding electrical conductivity of 8.4 × 106 S m-1 , and a high SSE/t of 26 014.52 dB cm2 g-1 . The assembled asymmetric MA/F/MA//TOCNF@CNT (carbon nanotubes) supercapacitor leads to a significantly high areal energy density of 49.08 µWh cm-2 at a power density of 777.26 µW cm-2 . This study proposes an effective strategy to circumvent the trade-off between EMI performance and electrochemical properties, providing an inspiration for the fabrication of multifunctional films for a wide variety of applications in aerospace, national defense, precision instruments, and next-generation electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beibei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Wood Material Science and Application (Beijing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100083, China
- Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Energy, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Weiye Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Wood Material Science and Application (Beijing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100083, China
- Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Energy, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Chenhuan Lai
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Wood Material Science and Application (Beijing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100083, China
- Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Energy, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Hongwu Guo
- Key Laboratory of Wood Material Science and Application (Beijing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100083, China
- Engineering Research Center of Forestry Biomass Materials and Energy, Ministry of Education, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Daihui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Wood Material Science and Application (Beijing Forestry University), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100083, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210037, China
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210042, China
| | - Zhanhu Guo
- Integrated Composites Lab, Department of Mechanical and Construction Engineering, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK
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8
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Bo R, Xu S, Yang Y, Zhang Y. Mechanically-Guided 3D Assembly for Architected Flexible Electronics. Chem Rev 2023; 123:11137-11189. [PMID: 37676059 PMCID: PMC10540141 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Architected flexible electronic devices with rationally designed 3D geometries have found essential applications in biology, medicine, therapeutics, sensing/imaging, energy, robotics, and daily healthcare. Mechanically-guided 3D assembly methods, exploiting mechanics principles of materials and structures to transform planar electronic devices fabricated using mature semiconductor techniques into 3D architected ones, are promising routes to such architected flexible electronic devices. Here, we comprehensively review mechanically-guided 3D assembly methods for architected flexible electronics. Mainstream methods of mechanically-guided 3D assembly are classified and discussed on the basis of their fundamental deformation modes (i.e., rolling, folding, curving, and buckling). Diverse 3D interconnects and device forms are then summarized, which correspond to the two key components of an architected flexible electronic device. Afterward, structure-induced functionalities are highlighted to provide guidelines for function-driven structural designs of flexible electronics, followed by a collective summary of their resulting applications. Finally, conclusions and outlooks are given, covering routes to achieve extreme deformations and dimensions, inverse design methods, and encapsulation strategies of architected 3D flexible electronics, as well as perspectives on future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renheng Bo
- Applied
Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory
of Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua
University, 100084 Beijing, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Shiwei Xu
- Applied
Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory
of Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua
University, 100084 Beijing, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Youzhou Yang
- Applied
Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory
of Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua
University, 100084 Beijing, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Yihui Zhang
- Applied
Mechanics Laboratory, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Tsinghua University, 100084 Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Laboratory
of Flexible Electronics Technology, Tsinghua
University, 100084 Beijing, People’s Republic
of China
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