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Du J, Li K, Wu J, Shi H, Song C, Guo X. In Situ Etching-Hydrolysis Strategy To Construct an In-Plane ZnIn 2S 4/In(OH) 3 Heterojunction with Enhanced CO 2 Photoreduction Performance. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:27301-27310. [PMID: 38757947 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.4c02158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
The in-plane heterojunctions with atomic-level thickness and chemical-bond-connected tight interfaces possess high carrier separation efficiency and fully exposed surface active sites, thus exhibiting exceptional photocatalytic performance. However, the construction of in-plane heterojunctions remains a significant challenge. Herein, we prepared an in-plane ZnIn2S4/In(OH)3 heterojunction (ZISOH) by partial conversion of ZnIn2S4 to In(OH)3 through the addition of H2O2. This in situ oxidation etching-hydrolysis approach enables the ZISOH heterojunction to not only preserve the original nanosheet morphology of ZnIn2S4 but also form an intimate interface. Moreover, generated In(OH)3 serves as an electron-accepting platform and also promotes the adsorption of CO2. As a result, the heterojunction exhibits a remarkably enhanced performance for photocatalytic CO2 reduction. The production rate and selectivity of CO reach 1760 μmol g-1 h-1 and 78%, respectively, significantly higher than those of ZnIn2S4 (842 μmol g-1 h-1 and 65%). This work puts forward a feasible and facile approach to construct in-plane heterojunctions to enhance the photocatalytic performance of two-dimensional metal sulfides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Du
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials, PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, People's Republic of China
| | - Keyan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials, PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiaming Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials, PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, People's Republic of China
| | - Hainan Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials, PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, People's Republic of China
| | - Chunshan Song
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials, PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, People's Republic of China
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong 999077, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinwen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Frontiers Science Center for Smart Materials, PSU-DUT Joint Center for Energy Research, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, Liaoning 116024, People's Republic of China
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2
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Wang X, Chen A, Wu X, Zhang J, Dong J, Zhang L. Synthesis and Modulation of Low-Dimensional Transition Metal Chalcogenide Materials via Atomic Substitution. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2024; 16:163. [PMID: 38546814 PMCID: PMC10978568 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-024-01378-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
In recent years, low-dimensional transition metal chalcogenide (TMC) materials have garnered growing research attention due to their superior electronic, optical, and catalytic properties compared to their bulk counterparts. The controllable synthesis and manipulation of these materials are crucial for tailoring their properties and unlocking their full potential in various applications. In this context, the atomic substitution method has emerged as a favorable approach. It involves the replacement of specific atoms within TMC structures with other elements and possesses the capability to regulate the compositions finely, crystal structures, and inherent properties of the resulting materials. In this review, we present a comprehensive overview on various strategies of atomic substitution employed in the synthesis of zero-dimensional, one-dimensional and two-dimensional TMC materials. The effects of substituting elements, substitution ratios, and substitution positions on the structures and morphologies of resulting material are discussed. The enhanced electrocatalytic performance and photovoltaic properties of the obtained materials are also provided, emphasizing the role of atomic substitution in achieving these advancements. Finally, challenges and future prospects in the field of atomic substitution for fabricating low-dimensional TMC materials are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic and Electrophonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Akang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic and Electrophonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - XinLei Wu
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic and Electrophonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiatao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic and Electrophonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jichen Dong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Organic Solids, Institute of Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, People's Republic of China.
| | - Leining Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Cluster Science, Ministry of Education of China, Beijing Key Laboratory of Photoelectronic and Electrophonic Conversion Materials, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, 100081, People's Republic of China.
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3
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Kohler DD, Morrow DJ, Zhao Y, Scheeler JM, Jin S, Wright JC. Photoluminescence, Reflection Contrast, Raman, and Second Harmonic Generation Spectroscopies Spatially Resolve Strain, Alloying, Defects, and Electronic Characteristics of Lateral MX 2 Heterostructures. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:9424-9432. [PMID: 37824438 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Lateral heterostructures of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides offer promise as platforms for a wide variety of applications from exotic physics to environmental control. Further development and study of these heterostructures require characterization methods that assess the quality of the heterostructures. Here, we extend current characterization strategies to create photoluminescence (PL), Raman, reflection contrast, and second harmonic generation (SHG) maps of individual monolayer core-shell WS2-MoS2 lateral heterostructures that were synthesized via water vapor assisted chemical vapor transport. Together, these methods provide the correlations required to resolve the effects of excitons, trions, lattice defects, strain, and alloying. The comparisons show substantial differences, especially in the regions near and at the narrow heterointerface. Comparisons between the different spectral maps show the importance of metal alloying for understanding the electronic and spatial structures of heterostructures. The results are compared to previous work on similar lateral heterostructures created by different methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel D Kohler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Darien J Morrow
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Yuzhou Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Jason M Scheeler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - Song Jin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
| | - John C Wright
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States
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4
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Zhang M, Zhang J. Highly Selective NH 3 Sensor Based on MoS 2/WS 2 Heterojunction. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1835. [PMID: 37368265 DOI: 10.3390/nano13121835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, the heterostructure of MoS2/WS2 was prepared by a hydrothermal method; the n-n heterostructure was demonstrated using TEM combined with Mott-Schottky analysis. The valence and conduction band positions were further identified by the XPS valence band spectra. The NH3-sensing properties were assessed at room temperature by changing the mass ratio of the MoS2 and WS2 components. The 50 wt%-MoS2/WS2 sample exhibited the best performance, with a peak response of 23643% to NH3 at a concentration of 500 ppm, a minimum detection limit of 20 ppm, and a fast recovery time of 2.6 s. Furthermore, the composites-based sensors demonstrated an excellent humidity immune property with less than one order of magnitude in the humidity range of 11-95% RH, revealing the practical application value of these sensors. These results suggest that the MoS2/WS2 heterojunction is an intriguing candidate for fabricating NH3 sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhang
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Devices, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
- School of Physics Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
| | - Jinzhu Zhang
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Solid State Physics and Devices, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
- School of Physics Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi 830046, China
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Thakur D, Sato Y, Balakrishnan V. Heteroatomic stitching of broken WS 2 monolayer with enhanced surface potential. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:5274-5283. [PMID: 36804718 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr06288g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Sub-nanometre thick two-dimensional (2D) materials suffer from severe cracking during the high temperature chemical vapour deposition growth process. The cracking can be utilised to generate more active edges. These active edges can be stitched with a homo- or hetero-material. While the direct growth of 2D-heterostructures is mostly limited to a small fraction of outer edges of monolayer flakes, the cracked monolayers can be utilised to produce a large fraction of heterostructures. Heterostructures are important for developing multifunctional components for nanoscale electronics and optoelectronics. In this work, we demonstrate the formation of WS2-MoS2 heterostructures in large fractions by atomic stitching of cracked WS2 monolayers with the sequential growth of MoS2. Aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy have been utillised to probe fine details on the stitched interface between WS2 and MoS2. Growth of MoS2 domains were observed to take place at the terminating edge of cracked WS2, which then merged to form MoS2 multilayers at the cracked site. Growth of MoS2 at the opposite edges of WS2 eventually results in a MoS2-MoS2 junction with a Σ = 7 tilt boundary. Kelvin probe force microscope (KPFM) measurement from the stitched region revealed that the work function of WS2 is ∼32.46 meV higher than that of MoS2, which also closely matches with the Fermi energy difference between these two materials. With the aid of an atomic force microscope and KPFM, the surface potential width at the stitched region was found to be ∼5 times higher than the actual width of the interface, confirming the modulation of properties near the interface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepa Thakur
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Kamand, Himachal Pradesh, India-175075.
| | - Yukio Sato
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395 Japan
| | - Viswanath Balakrishnan
- School of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Mandi, Kamand, Himachal Pradesh, India-175075.
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Zhang W, Ji W, Yan W, Wang Z, Ling L, Hao X, Guan G. Enhanced electroactivity of BiOCl/PPy hybrid film with anamnestic lattice site for synergistically efficient selective uptake/release of chloride ions. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.140508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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7
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Suzuki H, Hashimoto R, Misawa M, Liu Y, Kishibuchi M, Ishimura K, Tsuruta K, Miyata Y, Hayashi Y. Surface Diffusion-Limited Growth of Large and High-Quality Monolayer Transition Metal Dichalcogenides in Confined Space of Microreactor. ACS NANO 2022; 16:11360-11373. [PMID: 35793540 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c05076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs), including MoS2 and WS2, are potential candidates for next-generation semiconducting materials owing to their atomically thin structure and strong optoelectrical responses, which allow for flexible optoelectronic applications. Monolayer TMDCs have been grown utilizing chemical vapor deposition (CVD) techniques. Enhancing the domain size with high crystallinity and forming heterostructures are important topics for practical applications. In this study, the size of monolayer WS2 increased via the vapor-liquid-solid growth-based CVD technique utilizing the confined space of the substrate-stacked microreactor. The use of spin-coated metal salts (Na2WO4 and Na2MoO4) and organosulfur vapor allowed us to precisely control the source supply and investigate the growth in a systematic manner. We obtained a relatively low activation energy for growth (1.02 eV), which is consistent with the surface diffusion-limited growth regime observed in the confined space. Through systematic photoluminescence (PL) analysis, we determined that a growth temperature of ∼820 °C is optimal for producing high-quality WS2 with a narrow PL peak width (∼35 meV). By controlling the source balance of W and S, we obtained large-sized fully monolayered WS2 (∼560 μm) and monolayer WS2 with bilayer spots (∼1100 μm). Combining two distinct sources of transition metals, WS2/MoS2 lateral heterostructures were successfully created. In electrical transport measurements, the monolayer WS2 grown under optimal conditions has a high on-current (∼70 μA/μm), on/off ratio (∼5 × 108), and a field-effect mobility of ∼7 cm2/(V s). The field-effect transistor displayed an intrinsic photoresponse with wavelength selectivity that originated from the photoexcited carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroo Suzuki
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
- Faculty of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Ryoki Hashimoto
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Masaaki Misawa
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
- Faculty of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Yijun Liu
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Misaki Kishibuchi
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Kentaro Ishimura
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Kenji Tsuruta
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
- Faculty of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Yasumitsu Miyata
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Hachioji 192-0397, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Hayashi
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
- Faculty of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
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Kang T, Tang TW, Pan B, Liu H, Zhang K, Luo Z. Strategies for Controlled Growth of Transition Metal Dichalcogenides by Chemical Vapor Deposition for Integrated Electronics. ACS MATERIALS AU 2022; 2:665-685. [PMID: 36855548 PMCID: PMC9928416 DOI: 10.1021/acsmaterialsau.2c00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD)-based electronics have experienced a prosperous stage of development, and some considerable applications include field-effect transistors, photodetectors, and light-emitting diodes. Chemical vapor deposition (CVD), a typical bottom-up approach for preparing 2D materials, is widely used to synthesize large-area 2D TMD films and is a promising method for mass production to implement them for practical applications. In this review, we investigate recent progress in controlled CVD growth of 2D TMDs, aiming for controlled nucleation and orientation, using various CVD strategies such as choice of precursors or substrates, process optimization, and system engineering. We then survey different patterning methods, such as surface patterning, metal precursor patterning, and postgrowth sulfurization/selenization/tellurization, to mass produce heterostructures for device applications. With these strategies, various well-designed architectures, such as wafer-scale single crystals, vertical and lateral heterostructures, patterned structures, and arrays, are achieved. In addition, we further discuss various electronics made from CVD-grown TMDs to demonstrate the diverse application scenarios. Finally, perspectives regarding the current challenges of controlled CVD growth of 2D TMDs are also suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Kang
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao
Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology,
William Mong Institute of Nano Science and Technology, and Hong Kong
Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue
Restoration and Reconstruction, Hong Kong
University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - Tsz Wing Tang
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao
Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology,
William Mong Institute of Nano Science and Technology, and Hong Kong
Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue
Restoration and Reconstruction, Hong Kong
University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - Baojun Pan
- Macao
Institute of Materials Science and Engineering (MIMSE), Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau 999078, P.R. China
| | - Hongwei Liu
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao
Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology,
William Mong Institute of Nano Science and Technology, and Hong Kong
Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue
Restoration and Reconstruction, Hong Kong
University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - Kenan Zhang
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao
Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology,
William Mong Institute of Nano Science and Technology, and Hong Kong
Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue
Restoration and Reconstruction, Hong Kong
University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, P.R. China
| | - Zhengtang Luo
- Department
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao
Joint Laboratory for Intelligent Micro-Nano Optoelectronic Technology,
William Mong Institute of Nano Science and Technology, and Hong Kong
Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research Center for Tissue
Restoration and Reconstruction, Hong Kong
University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon 999077, Hong Kong, P.R. China,
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Zhao L, Yang B, Zhuang G, Wen Y, Zhang T, Lin M, Zhuang Z, Yu Y. Thin In-Plane In 2 O 3 /ZnIn 2 S 4 Heterostructure Formed by Topological-Atom-Extraction: Optimal Distance and Charge Transfer for Effective CO 2 Photoreduction. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2022; 18:e2201668. [PMID: 35833293 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202201668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 05/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Exploitation of atomic-level principles to optimize the charge transfer on ultrathin 2D heterostructures is an emerging frontier in relieving the energy and environmental crisis. Herein, a facile "topological-atom-extraction" protocol is disclosed, i.e., selective extraction of Zn from ultrathin half-unit-cell ZnIn2 S4 (HZIS) can embed thin In2 O3 domain into 1.60 nm thick HZIS layer to create an atomically thin in-plane In2 O3 /HZIS heterostructure. Thanks to the optimal distance and capability of charge separation, the in-plane In2 O3 /HZIS heterostructure is among the best ZnIn2 S4 -based CO2 reduction reaction (CRR) photocatalysts, and indeed demonstrates a significant increase (from 6.8- to 128-fold) in CO production rate compared with those of out-plane ZIS@In2 O3 and out-plane In2 O3 -HZIScalcined heterostructures. Density Functional Theory simulation reveals that whereas the out-plane heterostructure has a much smaller ∆q of 0.2-0.25 e, the in-plane heterostructure with "zero distance contact" has an optimal ∆q of 1.05 e between In2 O3 and HZIS that induces remarkable charge redistribution on the in-plane heterojunction interface and creates local electric field confined within the ultrathin layer. The charge redistribution efficiently directs the charge-carrier separation in S-scheme photocatalytic system and endows long-lifetime carrier to CRR active HZIS. The findings demonstrate the strong versatility of engineering atomic-level heterojunctions for efficient catalysts design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhao
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, New Campus, Minhou, Fujian, 350108, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Technologies, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Bixia Yang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, New Campus, Minhou, Fujian, 350108, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Technologies, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Guoxin Zhuang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, New Campus, Minhou, Fujian, 350108, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Technologies, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Yonglin Wen
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, New Campus, Minhou, Fujian, 350108, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Technologies, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Tingshi Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, New Campus, Minhou, Fujian, 350108, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Technologies, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Mingxiong Lin
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, New Campus, Minhou, Fujian, 350108, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Technologies, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Zanyong Zhuang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, New Campus, Minhou, Fujian, 350108, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Technologies, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Yan Yu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, New Campus, Minhou, Fujian, 350108, China
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Technologies, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350108, China
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10
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Shimasaki M, Nishihara T, Matsuda K, Endo T, Takaguchi Y, Liu Z, Miyata Y, Miyauchi Y. Directional Exciton-Energy Transport in a Lateral Heteromonolayer of WSe 2-MoSe 2. ACS NANO 2022; 16:8205-8212. [PMID: 35481755 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c01890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Controlling the direction of exciton-energy flow in two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors is crucial for developing future high-speed optoelectronic devices using excitons as the information carriers. However, intrinsic exciton diffusion in conventional 2D semiconductors is omnidirectional, and efficient exciton-energy transport in a specific direction is difficult to achieve. Here we demonstrate directional exciton-energy transport across the interface in tungsten diselenide (WSe2)-molybdenum diselenide (MoSe2) lateral heterostructures. Unidirectional transport is spontaneously driven by the built-in asymmetry of the exciton-energy landscape with respect to the heterojunction interface. At excitation positions close to the interface, the exciton photoluminescence (PL) intensity was substantially decreased in the WSe2 region and enhanced in the MoSe2 region. In PL excitation spectroscopy, it was confirmed that the observed phenomenon arises from lateral exciton-energy transport from WSe2 to MoSe2. This directional exciton-energy flow in lateral 2D heterostructures can be exploited in future optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masafumi Shimasaki
- Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Taishi Nishihara
- Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Kazunari Matsuda
- Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
| | - Takahiko Endo
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Minami-Osawa 1-1, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Yuhei Takaguchi
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Minami-Osawa 1-1, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Zheng Liu
- Innovative Functional Materials Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Nagoya 463-8560, Japan
| | - Yasumitsu Miyata
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Metropolitan University, Minami-Osawa 1-1, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0397, Japan
| | - Yuhei Miyauchi
- Institute of Advanced Energy, Kyoto University, Gokasho, Uji, Kyoto 611-0011, Japan
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11
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Bhowmik S, Govind Rajan A. Chemical vapor deposition of 2D materials: A review of modeling, simulation, and machine learning studies. iScience 2022; 25:103832. [PMID: 35243221 PMCID: PMC8857588 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.103832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is extensively used to produce large-area two-dimensional (2D) materials. Current research is aimed at understanding mechanisms underlying the nucleation and growth of various 2D materials, such as graphene, hexagonal boron nitride (hBN), and transition metal dichalcogenides (e.g., MoS2/WSe2). Herein, we survey the vast literature regarding modeling and simulation of the CVD growth of 2D materials and their heterostructures. We also focus on newer materials, such as silicene, phosphorene, and borophene. We discuss how density functional theory, kinetic Monte Carlo, and reactive molecular dynamics simulations can shed light on the thermodynamics and kinetics of vapor-phase synthesis. We explain how machine learning can be used to develop insights into growth mechanisms and outcomes, as well as outline the open knowledge gaps in the literature. Our work provides consolidated theoretical insights into the CVD growth of 2D materials and presents opportunities for further understanding and improving such processes
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12
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Xu J, Plum E. Defect-induced nonlinearity in 2D nanoparticles. OPTICS EXPRESS 2022; 30:7162-7168. [PMID: 35299485 DOI: 10.1364/oe.443977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Optical nonlinearity depends on symmetry and symmetries vanish in the presence of defects. Vacancy defects in centrosymmetric crystals and thin films are a well-known source of even-order optical nonlinearity, e.g. causing second harmonic generation. The emerging ability to manipulate defects in two-dimensional materials and nanoparticles provides an opportunity for engineering of optical nonlinearity. Here, we demonstrate the effect of defects on the nonlinear optical response of two-dimensional dielectric nanoparticles. Using a toy model, where bound optical electrons of linear atoms are coupled by nonlinear Coulomb interactions, we model defect-induced nonlinearity. We find that defects at particle edges contribute strongly to even-order optical nonlinearity and that unique nonlinear signatures of different defect states could provide the smallest conceivable QR-codes and extremely high density optical data storage, in principle approaching 1 bit per atom.
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13
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Zhu L, Tang J, Li B, Hou T, Zhu Y, Zhou J, Wang Z, Zhu X, Yao Z, Cui X, Watanabe K, Taniguchi T, Li Y, Han ZV, Zhou W, Huang Y, Liu Z, Hone JC, Hao Y. Artificial Neuron Networks Enabled Identification and Characterizations of 2D Materials and van der Waals Heterostructures. ACS NANO 2022; 16:2721-2729. [PMID: 35040630 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.1c09644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) materials and their in-plane and out-of-plane (i.e., van der Waals, vdW) heterostructures are promising building blocks for next-generation electronic and optoelectronic devices. Since the performance of the devices is strongly dependent on the crystalline quality of the materials and the interface characteristics of the heterostructures, a fast and nondestructive method for distinguishing and characterizing various 2D building blocks is desirable to promote the device integrations. In this work, based on the color space information on 2D materials' optical microscopy images, an artificial neural network-based deep learning algorithm is developed and applied to identify eight kinds of 2D materials with accuracy well above 90% and a mean value of 96%. More importantly, this data-driven method enables two interesting functionalities: (1) resolving the interface distribution of chemical vapor deposition (CVD) grown in-plane and vdW heterostructures and (2) identifying defect concentrations of CVD-grown 2D semiconductors. The two functionalities can be utilized to quickly identify sample quality and optimize synthesis parameters in the future. Our work improves the characterization efficiency of atomically thin materials and is therefore valuable for their research and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhu
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jing Tang
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Baichang Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Tianyu Hou
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yong Zhu
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049 China
| | - Jiadong Zhou
- Beijing Key Lab of Nanophotonics & Ultrafine Optoelectronic Systems and School of Physics, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science, Institute of Metal Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
- School of Material Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Anhui 230026, China
| | - Xiaorong Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhenpeng Yao
- The State Key Laboratory of Metal Matrix Composites, School of Materials Science and Engineering, and Center of Hydrogen Science, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xu Cui
- AutoX Technologies, Inc., San Jose, California 95131, United States
| | - Kenji Watanabe
- Research Center for Functional Materials, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Takashi Taniguchi
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics, National Institute for Materials Science, 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba 305-0044, Japan
| | - Yafei Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Biofunctional Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zheng Vitto Han
- State Key Laboratory of Quantum Optics and Quantum Optics Devices, Institute of Opto-Electronics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Extreme Optics, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Wu Zhou
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049 China
| | - Yuan Huang
- Advanced Research Institute of Multidisciplinary Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Centre for Programmed Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 639798 Singapore
| | - James C Hone
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Yufeng Hao
- National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Artificial Functional Materials, and Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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14
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Approaching strain limit of two-dimensional MoS2 via chalcogenide substitution. Sci Bull (Beijing) 2022; 67:45-53. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scib.2021.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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15
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Xu X, Xu W, Zhang L, Liu G, Wang X, Zhong W, Du Y. Interface engineering heterostructured MoS2/WS2-reduced graphene Oxide for enhanced hydrogen Evolution electrocatalysts. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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16
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Hwang Y, Shin N. Colloidal Synthesis of MoSe 2/WSe 2 Heterostructure Nanoflowers via Two-Step Growth. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14237294. [PMID: 34885449 PMCID: PMC8658357 DOI: 10.3390/ma14237294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
The ability to control the active edge sites of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) is crucial for modulating their chemical activity for various electrochemical applications, including hydrogen evolution reactions. In this study, we demonstrate a colloidal synthetic method to prepare core-shell-like heterostructures composed of MoSe2 and WSe2 via a two-step sequential growth. By overgrowing WSe2 on the surface of preexisting MoSe2 nanosheet edges, MoSe2-core/WSe2-shell heterostructures were successfully obtained. Systematic comparisons of the secondary growth time and sequential order of growth suggest that the low synthetic temperature conditions allow the stable overgrowth of shells rich in WSe2 on top of the core of MoSe2 with low Gibbs formation energy. The electrochemical analysis confirms that the catalytic activity correlates to the core-shell composition variation. Our results propose a new strategy to control the edge site activity of TMD materials prepared by colloidal synthesis, which is applicable to diverse electrochemical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjeong Hwang
- Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea;
- Program in Smart Digital Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
- Materials Center for Energy Convergence, Korea Institute of Materials Science (KIMS), 797 Changwondaero, Sungsan-gu, Changwon 51508, Korea
| | - Naechul Shin
- Program in Biomedical Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea;
- Program in Smart Digital Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Korea
- Correspondence:
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17
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Liu Z, Wang J, Zhang K, Gao X, Liu P, Li Q, Zhang L, Fan S, Kong J, Jiang K. Toward an Intelligent Synthesis: Monitoring and Intervening in the Catalytic Growth of Carbon Nanotubes. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:17607-17614. [PMID: 34652140 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c07598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The bottom-up approach to directly synthesizing low-dimensional materials with outstanding performance has extended the material basis for the next generation integrated circuit industry. All the low-dimensional semiconductors, metals, dielectrics, and their heterojunctions are very promising bricks to build faster and more efficient chips because of their atomically smooth surface and interfaces. The greatest challenge in the synthesis of nanomaterials is how to precisely control the structure, crystalline orientation, defects, dimensions, etc. In past decades, both the methodology and the mechanism of synthesis have been systematically investigated to improve the controllability. However, few studies focused on sensing the synthesis processes in situ and responding to the synthesis immediately. Here, we propose the concept of intelligent synthesis in which the final product can be automatically fine-controlled by a closed loop including in situ monitoring and real-time interventions. As a model system, a high-temperature-tolerant circuit is fabricated on the single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) growth substrate for sensing and responding to the synthesis processes. As a result, either highly pure semiconducting (s-) SWCNT arrays or metallic-semiconducting (m-s) junction arrays with different junction positions is simply synthesized by programming the responding signal. The intelligent synthesis shows much higher efficiency and controllability compared to conventional methods and will lead to the next leap in nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zebin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics & Tsinghua-Foxconn Nanotechnology Research Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jiangtao Wang
- Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02139, United States
| | - Ke Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics & Tsinghua-Foxconn Nanotechnology Research Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xinyu Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics & Tsinghua-Foxconn Nanotechnology Research Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Peng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics & Tsinghua-Foxconn Nanotechnology Research Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Qunqing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics & Tsinghua-Foxconn Nanotechnology Research Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Lina Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics & Tsinghua-Foxconn Nanotechnology Research Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Shoushan Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics & Tsinghua-Foxconn Nanotechnology Research Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jing Kong
- Department of Electrical Engineering & Computer Science, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge 02139, United States
| | - Kaili Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Low-Dimensional Quantum Physics, Department of Physics & Tsinghua-Foxconn Nanotechnology Research Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Quantum Matter, Beijing 100084, China.,Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Future Chips (ICFC), Beijing 100084, China
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18
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Zhang Q, Ying H, Li X, Xiang R, Zheng Y, Wang H, Su J, Xu M, Zheng X, Maruyama S, Zhang X. Controlled Doping Engineering in 2D MoS 2 Crystals toward Performance Augmentation of Optoelectronic Devices. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:31861-31869. [PMID: 34213304 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c07286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Doping engineering of two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors is vital for expanding their device applications, but has been limited by the inhomogeneous distribution of doping atoms in such an ultrathin thickness. Here, we report the controlled doping of Sn heteroatoms into 2D MoS2 crystals through a single-step deposition method to improve the photodetection ability of MoS2 flakes, whereas the host lattice has been well reserved without the random aggregation of the introduced atoms. Atomic-resolution and spectroscopic characterizations provide direct evidence that Sn atoms have been substitutionally doped at Mo sites in the MoS2 lattice and the Sn dopant leads to an additional strain in the host lattice. The detection performance of Sn-doped MoS2 flakes exhibits an order of magnitude improvement (up to Rλ ≈ 29 A/W, EQE ≈ 7.8 × 103%, D* ≈ 1011 Jones@470 nm) as compared with that of pure MoS2 flakes, which is associated with electrons released from Sn atoms. Such a substitutional doping process in TMDs provides a potential platform to tune the on-demand properties of these 2D materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Zhang
- Center for Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University (HDU), Hangzhou 310018, China
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Haoting Ying
- Center for Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University (HDU), Hangzhou 310018, China
- Key Laboratory of Novel Materials for Sensor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Dianzi University (HDU), Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xin Li
- Center for Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University (HDU), Hangzhou 310018, China
- Key Laboratory of Novel Materials for Sensor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Dianzi University (HDU), Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Rong Xiang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Yongjia Zheng
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Hemiao Wang
- Center for Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University (HDU), Hangzhou 310018, China
- Key Laboratory of Novel Materials for Sensor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Dianzi University (HDU), Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jun Su
- Center for Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University (HDU), Hangzhou 310018, China
- Key Laboratory of Novel Materials for Sensor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Dianzi University (HDU), Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Minxuan Xu
- Center for Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University (HDU), Hangzhou 310018, China
- Key Laboratory of Novel Materials for Sensor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Dianzi University (HDU), Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Xin Zheng
- Center for Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University (HDU), Hangzhou 310018, China
- Key Laboratory of Novel Materials for Sensor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Dianzi University (HDU), Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Shigeo Maruyama
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan
| | - Xuefeng Zhang
- Center for Advanced Optoelectronic Materials, College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University (HDU), Hangzhou 310018, China
- Key Laboratory of Novel Materials for Sensor of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Dianzi University (HDU), Hangzhou 310018, China
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19
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Herbig C, Zhang C, Mujid F, Xie S, Pedramrazi Z, Park J, Crommie MF. Local Electronic Properties of Coherent Single-Layer WS 2/WSe 2 Lateral Heterostructures. NANO LETTERS 2021; 21:2363-2369. [PMID: 33719457 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c04204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Lateral single-layer transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) heterostructures are promising building blocks for future ultrathin devices. Recent advances in the growth of coherent heterostructures have improved the structural precision of lateral heterojunctions, but an understanding of the electronic effects of the chemical transition at the interface and associated strain is lacking. Here we present a scanning tunneling microscopy study of single-layer coherent TMD heterostructures with nearly uniform strain on each side of the heterojunction interface. We have characterized the local topography and electronic structure of single-layer WS2/WSe2 heterojunctions exhibiting ultrasharp coherent interfaces. Uniform built-in strain on each side of the interface arising from lattice mismatch results in a reduction of the bandgap of WS2. By mapping the tunneling differential conductance across the interface, we find type-II band alignment and an ultranarrow electronic transition region only ∼3 nm in width that arises from wave function mixing between the two materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte Herbig
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Canxun Zhang
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Kavli Energy NanoScience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Fauzia Mujid
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Saien Xie
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- School of Applied and Engineering Physics, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
- Kavli Institute at Cornell for Nanoscale Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Zahra Pedramrazi
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Jiwoong Park
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- Pritzker School of Molecular Engineering, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
- James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, United States
| | - Michael F Crommie
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Materials Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
- Kavli Energy NanoScience Institute, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
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20
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Bai X, Li S, Das S, Du L, Dai Y, Yao L, Raju R, Du M, Lipsanen H, Sun Z. Single-step chemical vapour deposition of anti-pyramid MoS 2/WS 2 vertical heterostructures. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:4537-4542. [PMID: 33599628 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr08281c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Van der Waals heterostructures are the fundamental building blocks of electronic and optoelectronic devices. Here we report that, through a single-step chemical vapour deposition (CVD) process, high-quality vertical bilayer MoS2/WS2 heterostructures with a grain size up to ∼60 μm can be synthesized from molten salt precursors, Na2MoO4 and Na2WO4. Instead of normal pyramid vertical heterostructures grown by CVD, this method synthesizes an anti-pyramid MoS2/WS2 structure, which is characterized by Raman, photoluminescence and second harmonic generation microscopy. Our facile CVD strategy for synthesizing anti-pyramid structures unveils a new synthesis route for the products of two-dimensional heterostructures and their devices for application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyin Bai
- Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto University, Finland.
| | - Shisheng Li
- International Center for Young Scientists (ICYS), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Japan
| | - Susobhan Das
- Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto University, Finland.
| | - Luojun Du
- Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto University, Finland.
| | - Yunyun Dai
- Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto University, Finland.
| | - Lide Yao
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Finland
| | - Ramesh Raju
- Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto University, Finland.
| | - Mingde Du
- Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto University, Finland.
| | - Harri Lipsanen
- Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto University, Finland.
| | - Zhipei Sun
- Department of Electronics and Nanoengineering, Aalto University, Finland. and QTF Centre of Excellence, Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University, Finland
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21
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Fali A, Zhang T, Terry JP, Kahn E, Fujisawa K, Kabius B, Koirala S, Ghafouri Y, Zhou D, Song W, Yang L, Terrones M, Abate Y. Photodegradation Protection in 2D In-Plane Heterostructures Revealed by Hyperspectral Nanoimaging: The Role of Nanointerface 2D Alloys. ACS NANO 2021; 15:2447-2457. [PMID: 33464036 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c06148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Single-layer heterostructures exhibit striking quasiparticle properties and many-body interaction effects that hold promise for a range of applications. However, their properties can be altered by intrinsic and extrinsic defects, thus diminishing their applicability. Therefore, it is of paramount importance to identify defects and understand 2D materials' degradation over time using advanced multimodal imaging techniques. Here we implemented a liquid-phase precursor approach to synthesize 2D in-plane MoS2-WS2 heterostructures exhibiting nanoscale alloyed interfaces and map exotic interface effects during photodegradation using a combination of hyperspectral tip-enhanced photoluminescence and Raman and near-field nanoscopy. Surprisingly, 2D alloyed regions exhibit thermal and photodegradation stability providing protection against oxidation. Coupled with surface and interface strain, 2D alloy regions create stable localized potential wells that concentrate excitonic species via a charge carrier funneling effect. These results demonstrate that 2D alloys can withstand extreme degradation effects over time and could enable stable 2D device engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Fali
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Tianyi Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Jason Patrick Terry
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Ethan Kahn
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Kazunori Fujisawa
- Department of Physics and Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Bernd Kabius
- Department of Physics and Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Sandhaya Koirala
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Yassamin Ghafouri
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Da Zhou
- Department of Physics and Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Wenshen Song
- Department of Physics and Institute of Materials Science & Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Physics and Institute of Materials Science & Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Mauricio Terrones
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- Department of Physics and Materials Research Institute, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
- Department of Chemistry, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Yohannes Abate
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
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22
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Zhang J, Tan B, Zhang X, Gao F, Hu Y, Wang L, Duan X, Yang Z, Hu P. Atomically Thin Hexagonal Boron Nitride and Its Heterostructures. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2021; 33:e2000769. [PMID: 32803781 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202000769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Atomically thin hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) is an emerging star of 2D materials. It is taken as an optimal substrate for other 2D-material-based devices owing to its atomical flatness, absence of dangling bonds, and excellent stability. Specifically, h-BN is found to be a natural hyperbolic material in the mid-infrared range, as well as a piezoelectric material. All the unique properties are beneficial for novel applications in optoelectronics and electronics. Currently, most of these applications are merely based on exfoliated h-BN flakes at their proof-of-concept stages. Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is considered as the most promising approach for producing large-scale, high-quality, atomically thin h-BN films and heterostructures. Herein, CVD synthesis of atomically thin h-BN is the focus. Also, the growth kinetics are systematically investigated to point out general strategies for controllable and scalable preparation of single-crystal h-BN film. Meanwhile, epitaxial growth of 2D materials onto h-BN and at its edge to construct heterostructures is summarized, emphasizing that the specific orientation of constituent parts in heterostructures can introduce novel properties. Finally, recent applications of atomically thin h-BN and its heterostructures in optoelectronics and electronics are summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 92, Dazhi Street, Harbin, 150001, China
- Key Laboratory of Microsystems and Microstructure Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 2 Yikuang Street, Harbin, 150080, China
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 2 Yikuang Street, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Biying Tan
- Key Laboratory of Microsystems and Microstructure Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 2 Yikuang Street, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Microsystems and Microstructure Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 2 Yikuang Street, Harbin, 150080, China
| | - Feng Gao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 92, Dazhi Street, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Yunxia Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 92, Dazhi Street, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Lifeng Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 92, Dazhi Street, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Xiaoming Duan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 92, Dazhi Street, Harbin, 150001, China
- Institute for Advanced Ceramics, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 92 Dazhi Street, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - Zhihua Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 92, Dazhi Street, Harbin, 150001, China
- Institute for Advanced Ceramics, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 92 Dazhi Street, Harbin, 150001, China
| | - PingAn Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 92, Dazhi Street, Harbin, 150001, China
- Key Laboratory of Microsystems and Microstructure Manufacturing, Ministry of Education, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 2 Yikuang Street, Harbin, 150080, China
- State Key Laboratory of Robotics and System, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 2 Yikuang Street, Harbin, 150080, China
- Institute for Advanced Ceramics, Harbin Institute of Technology, No. 92 Dazhi Street, Harbin, 150001, China
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23
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Zhang S, Si Y, Li B, Yang L, Dai W, Luo S. Atomic-Level and Modulated Interfaces of Photocatalyst Heterostructure Constructed by External Defect-Induced Strategy: A Critical Review. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2004980. [PMID: 33289948 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202004980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Despite the existence of numerous photocatalyst heterostructures, their separation efficiency and charge flow precision remain low due to the poor study on interfacial properties. The photocatalysts with confined defects can effectively control the photogenerated carrier migration, but the metastability of such defects considerably decreases the photocatalyst stability. Meanwhile, the introduction of defective region can increase the coordinative unsaturation and delocalize local electrons to promote their interactions with the molecules/ions in that region. The selective growth of modulated heterogeneous interface by defect-induced strategy may not only increase the stability of defective structures, but also enhance the migration of interfacial charges. Using this method, photocatalytic heterostructures with low contact resistances and intimate interfaces are constructed to achieve the optimal charge migration in terms of efficiency and accuracy. In this work, the point, linear, and planar heterogeneous interfaces and related defect engineering techniques are discussed. Particularly, it is focused on the external, defect-induced interfacial heterogeneities with various spatial and dimensional configurations, which exhibit modulated and controllable interfacial properties. Furthermore, the main aspects of fabricating photocatalyst heterostructures by the defect-induced strategy, including the i) controllable generation of defects, ii) advanced characterization methods, and iii) elaborate construction of the minimal interface, are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuqu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330063, P. R. China
| | - Yanmei Si
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330063, P. R. China
| | - Bing Li
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330063, P. R. China
| | - Lixia Yang
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330063, P. R. China
| | - Weili Dai
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330063, P. R. China
| | - Shenglian Luo
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle, Nanchang Hangkong University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, 330063, P. R. China
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24
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Shao G, Lu Y, Hong J, Xue X, Huang J, Xu Z, Lu X, Jin Y, Liu X, Li H, Hu S, Suenaga K, Han Z, Jiang Y, Li S, Feng Y, Pan A, Lin Y, Cao Y, Liu S. Seamlessly Splicing Metallic Sn x Mo 1- x S 2 at MoS 2 Edge for Enhanced Photoelectrocatalytic Performance in Microreactor. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2020; 7:2002172. [PMID: 33344127 PMCID: PMC7739950 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202002172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Revised: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Accurate design of the 2D metal-semiconductor (M-S) heterostructure via the covalent combination of appropriate metallic and semiconducting materials is urgently needed for fabricating high-performance nanodevices and enhancing catalytic performance. Hence, the lateral epitaxial growth of M-S Sn x Mo1- x S2/MoS2 heterostructure is precisely prepared with in situ growth of metallic Sn x Mo1- x S2 by doping Sn atoms at semiconductor MoS2 edge via one-step chemical vapor deposition. The atomically sharp interface of this heterostructure exhibits clearly distinguished performance based on a series of characterizations. The oxygen evolution photoelectrocatalytic performance of the epitaxial M-S heterostructure is 2.5 times higher than that of pure MoS2 in microreactor, attributed to the efficient electron-hole separation and rapid charge transfer. This growth method provides a general strategy for fabricating seamless M-S lateral heterostructures by controllable doping heteroatoms. The M-S heterostructures show increased carrier migration rate and eliminated Fermi level pinning effect, contributing to their potential in devices and catalytic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonglei Shao
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine (ICBN)State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and ChemometricsCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan UniversityChangsha410082P. R. China
| | - Yizhen Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid SurfacesCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM)College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen361005P. R. China
| | - Jinhua Hong
- Nanomaterials Research InstituteNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)Tsukuba305‐8565Japan
| | - Xiong‐Xiong Xue
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Low‐Dimensional Structural Physics and DevicesSchool of Physics and ElectronicsHunan UniversityChangsha410082P. R. China
- School of Physics and OptoelectronicsXiangtan UniversityXiangtan411105P. R. China
| | - Jinqiang Huang
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials ScienceInstitute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110016P. R. China
- School of Material Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026P. R. China
| | - Zheyuan Xu
- Key Laboratory for Micro‐Nano Physics and Technology of Hunan ProvinceState Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and ChemometricsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringHunan UniversityChangsha410082P. R. China
| | - Xiangchao Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid SurfacesCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM)College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen361005P. R. China
| | - Yuanyuan Jin
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine (ICBN)State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and ChemometricsCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan UniversityChangsha410082P. R. China
| | - Xiao Liu
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine (ICBN)State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and ChemometricsCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan UniversityChangsha410082P. R. China
| | - Huimin Li
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine (ICBN)State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and ChemometricsCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan UniversityChangsha410082P. R. China
| | - Sheng Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid SurfacesCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM)College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen361005P. R. China
| | - Kazu Suenaga
- Nanomaterials Research InstituteNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)Tsukuba305‐8565Japan
| | - Zheng Han
- Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials ScienceInstitute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang110016P. R. China
- School of Material Science and EngineeringUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei230026P. R. China
| | - Ying Jiang
- School of Physics and ElectronicsHunan UniversityChangsha410082P. R. China
| | - Shisheng Li
- International Center for Young Scientists (ICYS)National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS)Tsukuba305‐0044Japan
| | - Yexin Feng
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Low‐Dimensional Structural Physics and DevicesSchool of Physics and ElectronicsHunan UniversityChangsha410082P. R. China
| | - Anlian Pan
- Key Laboratory for Micro‐Nano Physics and Technology of Hunan ProvinceState Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and ChemometricsCollege of Materials Science and EngineeringHunan UniversityChangsha410082P. R. China
| | - Yung‐Chang Lin
- Nanomaterials Research InstituteNational Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST)Tsukuba305‐8565Japan
| | - Yang Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid SurfacesCollaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM)College of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringXiamen UniversityXiamen361005P. R. China
| | - Song Liu
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Nanomedicine (ICBN)State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and ChemometricsCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringHunan UniversityChangsha410082P. R. China
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25
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Chowdhury T, Sadler EC, Kempa TJ. Progress and Prospects in Transition-Metal Dichalcogenide Research Beyond 2D. Chem Rev 2020; 120:12563-12591. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tomojit Chowdhury
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore 21218, United States
| | - Erick C. Sadler
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore 21218, United States
| | - Thomas J. Kempa
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore 21218, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore 21218, United States
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26
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Ji Q, Xu Z, Xiang W, Wu Y, Cheng X, Xu C, Qi C, He H, Hu J, Yang S, Li S, Zhang L. Enhancing the performance of pollution degradation through secondary self-assembled composite supramolecular heterojunction photocatalyst BiOCl/PDI under visible light irradiation. CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 253:126751. [PMID: 32302913 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A novel n-n type inorganic/organic heterojunction of flaky-like BiOCl/PDI photocatalyst was constructed by water bath heating method. Meanwhile, a simple method - secondary self-assembly was used to prepare the BiOCl/PDI with a special band structure. The photocatalytic activities were evaluated by degrading aqueous organic pollutants under visible light (λ > 420 nm). The removal rates of 5 mg L-1 phenol (non-ionic type), methyl orange (MO, anionic type), rhodamine B (RhB, cationic type) and 10 mg L-1 RhB by secondary self-assembly BiOCl/PDI (BiOCl/PDI-2) were 8.0%, 3.4%, 27.8% and 78.9% higher than self-assembly BiOCl/PDI (BiOCl/PDI-1) under visible light (λ > 420 nm). The better photocatalytic activity for BiOCl/PDI-2 was attributed to the optimization of energy-band structures, which arose from different exposed surfaces, narrower interplanar spacing and stronger visible light absorption performance. Under acidic condition, BiOCl/PDI-2 showed a good photocatalytic activity, which was not affected by neutral ionic intensity and had good recycling properties. Moreover, the photocatalytic mechanism was explored by free radical capture test and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), and contribution of active species was calculated. The main active species of BiOCl/PDI-2 were ·O2-, 1O2 and h+. Our work may provide a route to design efficient inorganic/organic heterojunctions for organic pollutants degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyi Ji
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, PR China
| | - Zhe Xu
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, PR China
| | - Weiming Xiang
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, PR China
| | - Yijie Wu
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, PR China
| | - Xinying Cheng
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, PR China
| | - Chenmin Xu
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, PR China
| | - Chengdu Qi
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, PR China
| | - Huan He
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, PR China; College of Ecological and Resource Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Industrial Green Technology, Wuyi University, Wuyishan, Fujian 354300, PR China.
| | - Jiapeng Hu
- College of Ecological and Resource Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Eco-Industrial Green Technology, Wuyi University, Wuyishan, Fujian 354300, PR China
| | - Shaogui Yang
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, PR China
| | - Shiyin Li
- School of Environment, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, PR China
| | - Limin Zhang
- Green Economy Development Institute, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing, 210023, PR China; Jiangsu Engineering Lab of Water and Soil Eco-remediation, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, PR China.
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27
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Scalable lateral heterojunction by chemical doping of 2D TMD thin films. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12970. [PMID: 32737425 PMCID: PMC7395794 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70127-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 07/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Scalable heterojunctions based on two-dimensional transitional metal dichalcogenides are of great importance for their applications in the next generation of electronic and optoelectronic devices. However, reliable techniques for the fabrication of such heterojunctions are still at its infancy. Here we demonstrate a simple technique for the scalable fabrication of lateral heterojunctions via selective chemical doping of TMD thin films. We demonstrate that the resistance of large area MoS2 and MoSe2 thin film, prepared via low pressure chalcogenation of molybdenum film, decreases by up to two orders of magnitude upon doping using benzyl viologen (BV) molecule. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements confirms n-doping of the films by BV molecules. Since thin films of MoS2 and MoSe2 are typically more resistive than their exfoliated and co-evaporation based CVD counterparts, the decrease in resistance by BV doping represents a significant step in the utilization of these samples in electronic devices. Using selective BV doping, we simultaneously fabricated many lateral heterojunctions in 1 cm2 MoS2 and 1 cm2 MoSe2 films. The electrical transport measurements performed across the heterojunctions exhibit current rectification behavior due to a band offset created between the doped and undoped regions of the material. Almost 84% of the fabricated devices showed rectification behavior demonstrating the scalability of this technique.
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28
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Park S, Yun SJ, Kim YI, Kim JH, Kim YM, Kim KK, Lee YH. Tailoring Domain Morphology in Monolayer NbSe 2 and W xNb 1-xSe 2 Heterostructure. ACS NANO 2020; 14:8784-8792. [PMID: 32539339 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c03382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Domain morphology plays a pivotal role not only for the synthesis of high-quality 2D transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) but also for the further unveiling of related physical and chemical properties, yet little has been divulged to date, especially for metallic TMDs. In addition, solid precursor as a transition metal source has been conventionally introduced for the synthesis of TMDs, which leads to an inhomogeneous distribution of local domains with the substrate position, making it difficult to obtain a reliable film. Here, we tailor the domain morphologies of metallic NbSe2 and NbSe2/WSe2 heterostructures using liquid-precursor chemical vapor deposition (CVD). We find that triangular, hexagonal, tripod-like, and herringbone-like NbSe2 flakes are constructed through control of growth temperature and promoter and precursor concentration. Liquid-precursor CVD ensures domain morphologies that are highly reproducible over repeated growth and uniform along the gas-flow direction. A domain coverage of ∼80% is achieved at a high precursor concentration, starting with tripod-like NbSe2 domain and evolving to the herringbone fractal. Furthermore, mixing liquid W and Nb precursors results in sea-urchin-like heterostructure domains with long-branch-shaped NbSe2 at low temperature, whereas protruded hexagonal heterostructure domains grow at high temperature. Our liquid precursor approach provides a shortcut for tailoring the domain morphologies of metallic TMDs as well as metal/semiconductor heterostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehwan Park
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics, Institute for Basic Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Seok Joon Yun
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics, Institute for Basic Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong In Kim
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Ho Kim
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics, Institute for Basic Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Min Kim
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics, Institute for Basic Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Ki Kang Kim
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics, Institute for Basic Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Hee Lee
- Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics, Institute for Basic Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Energy Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
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29
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Wan X, Li H, Chen K, Xu J. Towards Scalable Fabrications and Applications of 2D Layered Material-based Vertical and Lateral Heterostructures. Chem Res Chin Univ 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-020-0200-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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30
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Zhu C, Yu M, Zhou J, He Y, Zeng Q, Deng Y, Guo S, Xu M, Shi J, Zhou W, Sun L, Wang L, Hu Z, Zhang Z, Guo W, Liu Z. Strain-driven growth of ultra-long two-dimensional nano-channels. Nat Commun 2020; 11:772. [PMID: 32034131 PMCID: PMC7005715 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-14521-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Lateral heterostructures of two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have offered great opportunities in the engineering of monolayer electronics, catalysis and optoelectronics. To explore the full potential of these materials, developing methods to precisely control the spatial scale of the heterostructure region is crucial. Here, we report the synthesis of ultra-long MoS2 nano-channels with several micrometer length and 2–30 nanometer width within the MoSe2 monolayers, based on intrinsic grain boundaries (GBs). First-principles calculations disclose that the strain fields near the GBs not only lead to the preferred substitution of selenium by sulfur but also drive coherent extension of the MoS2 channel from the GBs. Such a strain-driven synthesis mechanism is further shown applicable to other topological defects. We also demonstrate that the spontaneous strain of MoS2 nano-channels can further improve the hydrogen production activity of GBs, paving the way for designing GB based high-efficient TMDs in the catalytic application. Controlled growth of heterostructures within 10 nm scale is crucial for potential applications of transition metal dichalcogenides. Here, the authors report strain-driven synthesis of ultra-long MoS2 nano-channels having several micrometers length and 2–30 nm width embedded within MoSe2 monolayer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.,School of Physical Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Maolin Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, and Institute of Nanoscience, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, China
| | - Jiadong Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Yongmin He
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Qingsheng Zeng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Ya Deng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Shasha Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Mingquan Xu
- School of Physical Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jinan Shi
- School of Physical Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Wu Zhou
- School of Physical Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Vacuum Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Litao Sun
- SEU-FEI Nano-Pico Center, Key Laboratory of MEMS of Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center for Micro/Nano Fabrication, Device and System, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210096, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Flexible Electronics & Institute of Advanced Materials, Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Material, Nanjing Tech University, 30 South Puzhu Road, Nanjing, 211816, China
| | - Zhili Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, and Institute of Nanoscience, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, China
| | - Zhuhua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, and Institute of Nanoscience, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, China.
| | - Wanlin Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Key Laboratory for Intelligent Nano Materials and Devices of Ministry of Education, and Institute of Nanoscience, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, 210016, China.
| | - Zheng Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore. .,Environmental Chemistry and Materials Centre, Nanyang Environment and Water Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore. .,CINTRA CNRS/NTU/THALES, UMI 3288, Research Techno Plaza, 50 Nanyang Drive, Border X Block, Level 6, Singapore, 637553, Singapore.
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31
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Lee J, Pak S, Lee YW, Park Y, Jang AR, Hong J, Cho Y, Hou B, Lee S, Jeong HY, Shin HS, Morris SM, Cha S, Sohn JI, Kim JM. Direct Epitaxial Synthesis of Selective Two-Dimensional Lateral Heterostructures. ACS NANO 2019; 13:13047-13055. [PMID: 31618016 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b05722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) heterostructured or alloyed monolayers composed of transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) have recently emerged as promising materials with great potential for atomically thin electronic applications. However, fabrication of such artificial TMDC heterostructures with a sharp interface and a large crystal size still remains a challenge because of the difficulty in controlling various growth parameters simultaneously during the growth process. Here, a facile synthetic protocol designed for the production of the lateral TMDC heterostructured and alloyed monolayers is presented. A chemical vapor deposition approach combined with solution-processed precursor deposition makes it possible to accurately control the sequential introduction time and the supersaturation levels of the vaporized precursors and thus reliably and exclusively produces selective and heterogeneous epitaxial growth of TMDC monolayer crystals. In addition, TMDC core/shell heterostructured (MoS2/alloy, alloy/WS2) or alloyed (Mo1-xWxS2) monolayers are also easily obtained with precisely controlled growth parameters, such as sulfur introduction timing and growth temperature. These results represent a significant step toward the development of various 2D materials with interesting properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juwon Lee
- Department of Engineering Science , University of Oxford , Parks Road , Oxford OX1 3PJ , United Kingdom
| | - Sangyeon Pak
- Department of Physics , Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU) Suwon , Gyeonggi-do 16419 , Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Woo Lee
- Department of Energy Systems , Soonchunhyang University , Asan , Chungcheongnam-do 31538 , Republic of Korea
| | - Youngsin Park
- School of Natural Science , Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) , Ulsan 44919 , Republic of Korea
| | - A-Rang Jang
- Department of Engineering Science , University of Oxford , Parks Road , Oxford OX1 3PJ , United Kingdom
- Advanced Materials Division , Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT) , Gajeong-ro 141 , Daejeon 34114 , Republic of Korea
| | - John Hong
- Department of Engineering Science , University of Oxford , Parks Road , Oxford OX1 3PJ , United Kingdom
| | - Yuljae Cho
- Department of Engineering Science , University of Oxford , Parks Road , Oxford OX1 3PJ , United Kingdom
- Electrical Engineering Division, Engineering Department , University of Cambridge , 9 JJ Thomson Avenue , Cambridge CB3 0FA , United Kingdom
| | - Bo Hou
- Department of Engineering Science , University of Oxford , Parks Road , Oxford OX1 3PJ , United Kingdom
- Electrical Engineering Division, Engineering Department , University of Cambridge , 9 JJ Thomson Avenue , Cambridge CB3 0FA , United Kingdom
| | - Sanghyo Lee
- Department of Engineering Science , University of Oxford , Parks Road , Oxford OX1 3PJ , United Kingdom
- Electrical Engineering Division, Engineering Department , University of Cambridge , 9 JJ Thomson Avenue , Cambridge CB3 0FA , United Kingdom
| | - Hu Young Jeong
- UNIST Central Research Facilities (UCRF) , Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) , 50 UNIST-gil , Ulsan , 44919 , Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Suk Shin
- Department of Chemistry , Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST) , 50 UNIST-gil , Ulsan 44919 , Republic of Korea
| | - Stephen M Morris
- Department of Engineering Science , University of Oxford , Parks Road , Oxford OX1 3PJ , United Kingdom
| | - SeungNam Cha
- Department of Physics , Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU) Suwon , Gyeonggi-do 16419 , Republic of Korea
| | - Jung Inn Sohn
- Department of Engineering Science , University of Oxford , Parks Road , Oxford OX1 3PJ , United Kingdom
- Division of Physics and Semiconductor Science , Dongguk University-Seoul , Seoul 04620 , Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Min Kim
- Electrical Engineering Division, Engineering Department , University of Cambridge , 9 JJ Thomson Avenue , Cambridge CB3 0FA , United Kingdom
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32
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Berry J, Ristić S, Zhou S, Park J, Srolovitz DJ. The MoSeS dynamic omnigami paradigm for smart shape and composition programmable 2D materials. Nat Commun 2019; 10:5210. [PMID: 31729363 PMCID: PMC6858317 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12945-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The properties of 2D materials can be broadly tuned through alloying and phase and strain engineering. Shape programmable materials offer tremendous functionality, but sub-micron objects are typically unachievable with conventional thin films. Here we propose a new approach, combining phase/strain engineering with shape programming, to form 3D objects by patterned alloying of 2D transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) monolayers. Conjugately, monolayers can be compositionally patterned using non-flat substrates. For concreteness, we focus on the TMD alloy MoSe[Formula: see text]S[Formula: see text]; i.e., MoSeS. These 2D materials down-scale shape/composition programming to nanoscale objects/patterns, provide control of both bending and stretching deformations, are reversibly actuatable with electric fields, and possess the extraordinary and diverse properties of TMDs. Utilizing a first principles-informed continuum model, we demonstrate how a variety of shapes/composition patterns can be programmed and reversibly modulated across length scales. The vast space of possible designs and scales enables novel material properties and thus new applications spanning flexible electronics/optics, catalysis, responsive coatings, and soft robotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joel Berry
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.,Materials Science Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA, 94550, USA
| | - Simeon Ristić
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Songsong Zhou
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Jiwoong Park
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Molecular Engineering, James Franck Institute, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - David J Srolovitz
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA. .,Department of Mechanical Engineering and Applied Mechanics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA. .,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, P. R. China.
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33
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Tang Y, Li H, Mao X, Xie J, Lee JY, Fu A. Bidirectional heterostructures consisting of graphene and lateral MoS 2/WS 2 composites: a first-principles study. RSC Adv 2019; 9:34986-34994. [PMID: 35530718 PMCID: PMC9074164 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra05692k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
First-principles calculations have been performed to explore the structural and electronic properties of bidirectional heterostructures composed of graphene and (MoS2) X /(WS2)4-X (X = 1, 2, 3) lateral composites and compare them with those of heterobilayers formed by graphene and pristine MS2 (M = Mo, W). The band gaps of the lateral heterostructures lie between those of pristine MoS2 and WS2. The weak coupling between the two layers can induce a tiny band-gap opening of graphene and formation of an n-type Schottky contact at the G-(MoS2) X /(WS2)4-X interface. Moreover, the combination ratio of MoS2/WS2 can control the electronic properties of G-(MoS2) X /(WS2)4-X . By applying external electric fields, the band gaps of (MoS2) X /(WS2)4-X (X = 0, 1, 2, 3, 4) monolayers undergo a direct-indirect transition, and semiconductor-metal transitions can be found in WS2. External electric fields can also be used effectively to tune the binding energies, charge transfers, and band structures (the types of Schottky and Ohmic contacts) of G-(MoS2) X /(WS2)4-X heterostructures. These findings suggest that G-(MoS2) X /(WS2)4-X heterostructures can serve as high-performance nano-electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingqi Tang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University Qingdao 266071 China +86-531-85950768 +86-532-85950767
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University Suwon 16419 Korea +82-031-290-7075 +82-031-299-4560
| | - Xiaotong Mao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University Qingdao 266071 China +86-531-85950768 +86-532-85950767
| | - Ju Xie
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University Yangzhou 225002 China
| | - Jin Yong Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Sungkyunkwan University Suwon 16419 Korea +82-031-290-7075 +82-031-299-4560
| | - Aiping Fu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Bio-Fibers and Eco-Textiles, Qingdao University Qingdao 266071 China +86-531-85950768 +86-532-85950767
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34
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Luo J, Zhang S, Sun M, Yang L, Luo S, Crittenden JC. A Critical Review on Energy Conversion and Environmental Remediation of Photocatalysts with Remodeling Crystal Lattice, Surface, and Interface. ACS NANO 2019; 13:9811-9840. [PMID: 31365227 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b03649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Solar energy is a renewable resource that can supply our energy needs in the long term. A semiconductor photocatalysis that is capable of utilizing solar energy has appealed to considerable interests for recent decades, owing to the ability to aim at environmental problems and produce renewal energy. Much effort has been put into the synthesis of a highly efficient semiconductor photocatalyst to promote its real application potential. Hence, we reviewed the most advanced methods and strategies in terms of (i) broadening the light absorption wavelengths, (ii) design of active reaction sites, and (iii) control of the electron-hole (e--h+) recombination, while these three processes could be influenced by remodeling the crystal lattice, surface, and interface. Additionally, we individually examined their current applications in energy conversion (i.e., hydrogen evolution, CO2 reduction, nitrogen fixation, and oriented synthesis) and environmental remediation (i.e., air purification and wastewater treatment). Overall, in this review, we particularly focused on advanced photocatalytic activity with simultaneous wastewater decontamination and energy conversion and further enriched the mechanism by proposing the electron flow and substance conversion. Finally, this review offers the prospects of semiconductor photocatalysts in the following three vital (distinct) aspects: (i) the large-scale preparation of highly efficient photocatalysts, (ii) the development of sustainable photocatalysis systems, and (iii) the optimization of the photocatalytic process for practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinming Luo
- Brook Byers Institute for Sustainable Systems and School of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Georgia Institute of Technology , 828 West Peachtree Street , Atlanta , Georgia 30332 , United States
| | - Shuqu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle , Nanchang Hangkong University , Nanchang 330063 , Jiangxi Province , People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Sun
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering , Yale University , New Haven , Connecticut 06520-8286 , United States
| | - Lixia Yang
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle , Nanchang Hangkong University , Nanchang 330063 , Jiangxi Province , People's Republic of China
| | - Shenglian Luo
- Key Laboratory of Jiangxi Province for Persistent Pollutants Control and Resources Recycle , Nanchang Hangkong University , Nanchang 330063 , Jiangxi Province , People's Republic of China
| | - John C Crittenden
- Brook Byers Institute for Sustainable Systems and School of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Georgia Institute of Technology , 828 West Peachtree Street , Atlanta , Georgia 30332 , United States
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35
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Apte A, Krishnamoorthy A, Hachtel JA, Susarla S, Yoon J, Sassi LM, Bharadwaj P, Tour JM, Idrobo JC, Kalia RK, Nakano A, Vashishta P, Tiwary CS, Ajayan PM. Two-Dimensional Lateral Epitaxy of 2H (MoSe 2)-1T' (ReSe 2) Phases. NANO LETTERS 2019; 19:6338-6345. [PMID: 31356089 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.9b02476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) heterostructures have been proposed as potential candidates for a variety of applications like quantum computing, neuromorphic computing, solar cells, and flexible field effective transistors. The 2D TMDC heterostructures at the present stage face difficulties being implemented in these applications because of lack of large and sharp heterostructure interfaces. Herein, we address this problem via a CVD technique to grow thermodynamically stable heterostructure of 2H/1T' MoSe2-ReSe2 using conventional transition metal phase diagrams as a reference. We demonstrate how the thermodynamics of mixing in the MoReSe2 system during CVD growth dictates the formation of atomically sharp interfaces between MoSe2 and ReSe2, which can be confirmed by high-resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy imaging, revealing zigzag selenium-terminated interface between the epitaxial 2H and 1T' lattices. Our work provides useful insights for understanding the stability of 2D heterostructures and interfaces between chemically, structurally, and electronically different phases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amey Apte
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering , Rice University , 6100 Main Street , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Aravind Krishnamoorthy
- Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Computer Science, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Department of Biological Sciences , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90007 , United States
| | - Jordan A Hachtel
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37831 , United States
| | - Sandhya Susarla
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering , Rice University , 6100 Main Street , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Jongwon Yoon
- Department of Chemistry , Rice University , 6100 Main Street , Houston Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Lucas M Sassi
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering , Rice University , 6100 Main Street , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Palash Bharadwaj
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering , Rice University , 6100 Main Street , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - James M Tour
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering , Rice University , 6100 Main Street , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
- Department of Chemistry , Rice University , 6100 Main Street , Houston Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Juan Carlos Idrobo
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37831 , United States
| | - Rajiv K Kalia
- Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Computer Science, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Department of Biological Sciences , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90007 , United States
| | - Aiichiro Nakano
- Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Computer Science, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Department of Biological Sciences , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90007 , United States
| | - Priya Vashishta
- Collaboratory for Advanced Computing and Simulations, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Department of Computer Science, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Department of Biological Sciences , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , California 90007 , United States
| | - Chandra Sekhar Tiwary
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering , Rice University , 6100 Main Street , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering , Rice University , 6100 Main Street , Houston , Texas 77005 , United States
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36
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Wei Z, Zhuiykov S. Challenges and recent advancements of functionalization of two-dimensional nanostructured molybdenum trioxide and dichalcogenides. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:15709-15738. [PMID: 31414098 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr03072g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Atomically thin two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors are the thinnest functional semiconducting materials available today. Among them, both molybdenum trioxide and chalcogenides (MT&Ds) represent key components within the family of different 2D semiconductors for various electronic, optoelectronic and electrochemical applications due to their unique electronic, optical, mechanical and electrochemical properties. However, despite great progress in research dedicated to the development and fabrication of 2D MT&Ds observed within the last decade, there are significant challenges that affected their charge transport behavior and fabrication on a large scale as well as there is high dependence of the carrier mobility on the thickness. In this article, we review the recent progress in the carrier mobility engineering of 2D MT&Ds and elaborate devised strategies dedicated to the optimization of MT&D properties. Specifically, the latest physical and chemical methods towards the surface functionalization and optimization of the major factors influencing the extrinsic transport at the electrode-2D semiconductor interface are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zihan Wei
- Ghent University Global Campus, Department of Green Chemistry & Technology, 119 Songdomunhwa-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21985, South Korea.
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37
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Wei W, Huang B, Dai Y. Photoexcited charge carrier behaviors in solar energy conversion systems from theoretical simulations. WILEY INTERDISCIPLINARY REVIEWS-COMPUTATIONAL MOLECULAR SCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/wcms.1441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Wei
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials Shandong University Jinan China
| | - Baibiao Huang
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials Shandong University Jinan China
| | - Ying Dai
- School of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Crystal Materials Shandong University Jinan China
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38
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Seo S, Kim S, Choi H, Lee J, Yoon H, Piao G, Park J, Jung Y, Song J, Jeong SY, Park H, Lee S. Direct In Situ Growth of Centimeter-Scale Multi-Heterojunction MoS 2/WS 2/WSe 2 Thin-Film Catalyst for Photo-Electrochemical Hydrogen Evolution. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2019; 6:1900301. [PMID: 31380186 PMCID: PMC6662091 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201900301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 03/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
To date, the in situ fabrication of the large-scale van der Waals multi-heterojunction transition metal dichalcogenides (multi-TMDs) is significantly challenging using conventional deposition methods. In this study, vertically stacked centimeter-scale multi-TMD (MoS2/WS2/WSe2 and MoS2/WSe2) thin films are successfully fabricated via sequential pulsed laser deposition (PLD), which is an in situ growth process. The fabricated MoS2/WS2/WSe2 thin film on p-type silicon (p-Si) substrate is designed to form multistaggered gaps (type-II band structure) with p-Si, and this film exhibits excellent spatial and thickness uniformity, which is verified by Raman spectroscopy. Among various application fields, MoS2/WS2/WSe2 is applied to the thin-film catalyst of a p-Si photocathode, to effectively transfer the photogenerated electrons from p-Si to the electrolyte in the photo-electrochemical (PEC) hydrogen evolution. From a comparison between the PEC performances of the homostructure TMDs (homo-TMDs)/p-Si and multi-TMDs/p-Si, it is demonstrated that the multistaggered gap of multi-TMDs/p-Si improves the PEC performance significantly more than the homo-TMDs/p-Si and bare p-Si by effective charge transfer. The new in situ growth process for the fabrication of multi-TMD thin films offers a novel and innovative method for the application of multi-TMD thin films to various fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sehun Seo
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringGwangju Institute of Science and TechnologyGwangju61005Republic of Korea
| | - Seungkyu Kim
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringGwangju Institute of Science and TechnologyGwangju61005Republic of Korea
| | - Hojoong Choi
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringGwangju Institute of Science and TechnologyGwangju61005Republic of Korea
| | - Jongmin Lee
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringGwangju Institute of Science and TechnologyGwangju61005Republic of Korea
| | - Hongji Yoon
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringGwangju Institute of Science and TechnologyGwangju61005Republic of Korea
| | - Guangxia Piao
- School of Energy EngineeringKyungpook National UniversityDaegu41566Republic of Korea
| | - Jun‐Cheol Park
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringGwangju Institute of Science and TechnologyGwangju61005Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonsung Jung
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringGwangju Institute of Science and TechnologyGwangju61005Republic of Korea
| | - Jaesun Song
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringGwangju Institute of Science and TechnologyGwangju61005Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Yun Jeong
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringGwangju Institute of Science and TechnologyGwangju61005Republic of Korea
| | - Hyunwoong Park
- School of Energy EngineeringKyungpook National UniversityDaegu41566Republic of Korea
| | - Sanghan Lee
- School of Materials Science and EngineeringGwangju Institute of Science and TechnologyGwangju61005Republic of Korea
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39
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Ávalos-Ovando O, Mastrogiuseppe D, Ulloa SE. Lateral heterostructures and one-dimensional interfaces in 2D transition metal dichalcogenides. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2019; 31:213001. [PMID: 30794993 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab0970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The growth and exfoliation of two-dimensional (2D) materials have led to the creation of edges and novel interfacial states at the juncture between crystals with different composition or phases. These hybrid heterostructures (HSs) can be built as vertical van der Waals stacks, resulting in a 2D interface, or as stitched adjacent monolayer crystals, resulting in one-dimensional (1D) interfaces. Although most attention has been focused on vertical HSs, increasing theoretical and experimental interest in 1D interfaces is evident. In-plane interfacial states between different 2D materials inherit properties from both crystals, giving rise to robust states with unique 1D non-parabolic dispersion and strong spin-orbit effects. With such unique characteristics, these states provide an exciting platform for realizing 1D physics. Here, we review and discuss advances in 1D heterojunctions, with emphasis on theoretical approaches for describing those between semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides MX 2 (with M = Mo, W and X = S, Se, Te), and how the interfacial states can be characterized and utilized. We also address how the interfaces depend on edge geometries (such as zigzag and armchair) or strain, as lattice parameters differ across the interface, and how these features affect excitonic/optical response. This review is intended to serve as a resource for promoting theoretical and experimental studies in this rapidly evolving field.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Ávalos-Ovando
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, and Nanoscale and Quantum Phenomena Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701-2979, United States of America
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40
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Liu Y, Yin J, Zhou Y, Sun L, Yue W, Sun Y, Wang Y. Tuning Electron Transport Direction through the Deposition Sequence of MoS
2
and WS
2
on Fluorine‐Doped Tin Oxide for Improved Electrocatalytic Reduction Efficiency. ChemElectroChem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201900409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yajuan Liu
- Institute of Advanced Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSoutheast University Nanjing 211189 China
| | - Jie Yin
- Institute of Advanced Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSoutheast University Nanjing 211189 China
| | - Yuqing Zhou
- Institute of Advanced Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSoutheast University Nanjing 211189 China
- School of Chemical Engineering and MaterialsNanjing Polytechnic Institute Nanjing 210048 China
| | - Luo Sun
- Institute of Advanced Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSoutheast University Nanjing 211189 China
| | - Wenjin Yue
- School of Biochemical EngineeringAnhui Polytechnic University Wuhu 241000 China
| | - Yueming Sun
- Institute of Advanced Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSoutheast University Nanjing 211189 China
| | - Yuqiao Wang
- Institute of Advanced Materials School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSoutheast University Nanjing 211189 China
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41
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Hwang Y, Shin N. Hydrogen-assisted step-edge nucleation of MoSe 2 monolayers on sapphire substrates. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:7701-7709. [PMID: 30946393 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr10315a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The fabrication of large-area single crystalline monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) is essential for a range of electric and optoelectronic applications. Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is a promising method to achieve this goal by employing orientation control or alignment along the crystalline lattice of the substrate such as sapphire. On the other hand, a fundamental understanding of the aligned-growth mechanism of TMDs is limited. In this report, we show that the controlled introduction of H2 during the CVD growth of MoSe2 plays a vital role in the step-edge aligned nucleation on a c-sapphire (0001) substrate. In particular, the MoSe2 domains nucleate along the [112[combining macron]0] step-edge orientation by flowing H2 subsequent to pure Ar. Systematic studies, including the H2 introduction time, flow rate, and substrate temperature, suggest that the step-edge aligned nucleation of MoSe2 can be controlled by the hydrogen concentration on the sapphire substrate. These results offer important insights into controlling the epitaxial growth of 2D materials on a crystalline substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjeong Hwang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Inha University, 100, Inha-ro, Michuhol-Gu, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea.
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42
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Abstract
A new method is shown for the crystallisation of molybdenum and rhenium disulfide from high pressure liquid carbonate flux. Crystal size ranges from 10s to 100s of micrometres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Anenburg
- Research School of Earth Sciences
- Australian National University
- Acton ACT 2601
- Australia
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43
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Controllable preparation of 2D metal-semiconductor layered metal dichalcogenides heterostructures. Sci China Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-018-9407-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Zhang X, Xiao S, Nan H, Mo H, Wan X, Gu X, Ostrikov KK. Controllable one-step growth of bilayer MoS 2-WS 2/WS 2 heterostructures by chemical vapor deposition. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 29:455707. [PMID: 30160236 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aaddc5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Heterostructures of two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) offer attractive prospects for practical applications by combining unique physical properties that are distinct from those of traditional structures. In this paper, we demonstrate a three-stage chemical vapor deposition method for the growth of bilayer MoS2-WS2/WS2 heterostructures with the bottom layers being the lateral MoS2-center/WS2-edge monolayer heterostructures and the top layers being the WS2 monolayers. The alternative growth of lateral and vertical heterostructures can be realized by adjusting both the temperature and the carrier gas flow direction. The combined effect of both reverse gas flow and higher growing temperature can promote the epitaxial growth of second layer on the activated nucleation centers of the first monolayer heterostructures. By using customized temperature profiles, single heterostructures including monolayer lateral MoS2-WS2 heterostructures and bilayer lateral WS2(2L)-MoS2(2L) heterostructures could also be obtained. Atomic force microscopy, photoluminescence and Raman mapping studies clearly reveal that these different heterostructure samples are highly uniform. These results thus provide a promising and efficient method for the synthesis of complex heterostructures based on different TMDs materials, which would greatly expand the heterostructure family and broaden their applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiumei Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of IoT Technology Applications (Ministry of Education), Department of Electronic Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China. School of Science, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, People's Republic of China
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45
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Jiang T, Wang F, Cui A, Guo S, Jiang K, Shang L, Hu Z, Chu J. In situ exploration of the thermodynamic evolution properties in the type II interface from the WSe 2-WS 2 lateral heterojunction. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 29:435703. [PMID: 30095437 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/aad994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The mutual interaction of the type II heterointerface can be very susceptible to the variation of electron states, introducing differences into the band structure and the band alignment in comparison to their pristine states. Here, the thermal evolution of the exciton transition and electronic properties inside the covalently bonded type II interface of the atomically planar WSe2-WS2 lateral heterojunction has been studied. With the aid of luminescence and electronic evolution, it was found that the coupling at the heterointerface is strong, and that the change in the photon-electron transition with temperature is weak. Meanwhile, by employing some quantitative computational methods, the temperature variation of the extracted built-in electric field at the interface is unexpectedly pronounced, resulting from the thermodynamical spanning behaviors of the electrons, as well as the strains generated by the difference in the thermal expansion coefficient between the structural lattice. In addition, the electric contact at the interface shows a negative temperature correlation. The present findings provide a vital contribution to the photo-electron interaction-based application and evaluation paths of the electric contact in two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenide-based devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Polar Materials and Devices (MOE) and Technical Center for Multifunctional Magneto-Optical Spectroscopy (Shanghai), Department of Electronic Engineering, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, People's Republic of China
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Liu X, Hersam MC. Interface Characterization and Control of 2D Materials and Heterostructures. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2018; 30:e1801586. [PMID: 30039558 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201801586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
2D materials and heterostructures have attracted significant attention for a variety of nanoelectronic and optoelectronic applications. At the atomically thin limit, the material characteristics and functionalities are dominated by surface chemistry and interface coupling. Therefore, methods for comprehensively characterizing and precisely controlling surfaces and interfaces are required to realize the full technological potential of 2D materials. Here, the surface and interface properties that govern the performance of 2D materials are introduced. Then the experimental approaches that resolve surface and interface phenomena down to the atomic scale, as well as strategies that allow tuning and optimization of interfacial interactions in van der Waals heterostructures, are systematically reviewed. Finally, a future outlook that delineates the remaining challenges and opportunities for 2D material interface characterization and control is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Liu
- Applied Physics Graduate Program, Northwestern University, 2220 Campus Drive, Evanston, IL, 60208-3108, USA
| | - Mark C Hersam
- Applied Physics Graduate Program, Northwestern University, 2220 Campus Drive, Evanston, IL, 60208-3108, USA
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Department of Chemistry, Department of Medicine, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Northwestern University, 2220 Campus Drive, Evanston, IL, 60208-3108, USA
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47
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Ma Y, Ajayan PM, Yang S, Gong Y. Recent Advances in Synthesis and Applications of 2D Junctions. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1801606. [PMID: 30073751 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201801606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Revised: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Recent progress in the methods of integration of 2D materials is reviewed. Integrated 2D circuits are one of the most promising candidates for advanced electronics and flexible devices. Specifically, methods such as mechanical transfer, chemical vapor deposition growth, high temperature conversion, phase engineering, surface doping, electrostatic doping, and so on to fabricate 2D heterostructures are discussed in detail. Applications of these integrated 2D heterostructures in p-n junctions, ohmic contact, high-performance transistors, and phototransistors are also highlighted. Finally, challenges and opportunities of methods to integrate 2D materials are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ma
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Pulickel M Ajayan
- Department of Materials Science and NanoEngineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, 77005, USA
| | - Shubin Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Yongji Gong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China
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48
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Bogaert K, Liu S, Liu T, Guo N, Zhang C, Gradečak S, Garaj S. Two-Dimensional Mo xW 1-xS 2 Graded Alloys: Growth and Optical Properties. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12889. [PMID: 30150768 PMCID: PMC6110786 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-31220-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides can be alloyed by substitution at the metal atom site with negligible effect on lattice strain, but with significant influence on optical and electrical properties. In this work, we establish the relationship between composition and optical properties of the MoxW1−xS2 alloy by investigating the effect of continuously-varying composition on photoluminescence intensity. We developed a new process for growth of two-dimensional MoxW1−xS2 alloys that span nearly the full composition range along a single crystal, thus avoiding any sample-related heterogeneities. The graded alloy crystals were grown using a diffusion-based chemical vapor deposition (CVD) method that starts by synthesizing a WS2 crystal with a graded point defect distribution, followed by Mo alloying in the second stage. We show that point defects promote the diffusion and alloying, as confirmed by Raman and photoluminescence measurements, density functional theory calculations of the reaction path, and observation that no alloying occurs in CVD-treated exfoliated crystals with low defect density. We observe a significant dependence of the optical quantum yield as a function of the alloy composition reaching the maximum intensity for the equicompositional Mo0.5W0.5S2 alloy. Furthermore, we map the growth-induced strain distribution within the alloyed crystals to decouple composition and strain effects on optical properties: at the same composition, we observe significant decrease in quantum yield with induced strain. Our approach is generally applicable to other 2D materials as well as the optimization of other composition-dependent properties within a single crystal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin Bogaert
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.,Centre for Advanced 2D Materials, National University of Singapore, 6 Science Drive 2, 117546, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Song Liu
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials, National University of Singapore, 6 Science Drive 2, 117546, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tao Liu
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials, National University of Singapore, 6 Science Drive 2, 117546, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, 117542, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Na Guo
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials, National University of Singapore, 6 Science Drive 2, 117546, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, 117542, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chun Zhang
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials, National University of Singapore, 6 Science Drive 2, 117546, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, 117542, Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, 117543, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Silvija Gradečak
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA, 02139, USA.,Low Energy Electronic Systems Interdisciplinary Research Group, Singapore-MIT Alliance in Research and Technology, 1 CREATE Way, 138602, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Slaven Garaj
- Centre for Advanced 2D Materials, National University of Singapore, 6 Science Drive 2, 117546, Singapore, Singapore. .,Department of Physics, National University of Singapore, 2 Science Drive 3, 117542, Singapore, Singapore. .,Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 9 Engineering Drive 1, 117575, Singapore, Singapore.
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49
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Bellus MZ, Mahjouri-Samani M, Lane SD, Oyedele AD, Li X, Puretzky AA, Geohegan D, Xiao K, Zhao H. Photocarrier Transfer across Monolayer MoS 2-MoSe 2 Lateral Heterojunctions. ACS NANO 2018; 12:7086-7092. [PMID: 29906088 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b02843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In-plane heterojuctions formed from two monolayer semiconductors represent the finest control of electrons in condensed matter and have attracted significant interest. Various device studies have shown the effectiveness of such structures to control electronic processes, illustrating their potentials for electronic and optoelectronic applications. However, information about the physical mechanisms of charge carrier transfer across the junctions is still rare, mainly due to the lack of adequate experimental techniques. Here we show that transient absorption measurements with high spatial and temporal resolution can be used to directly monitor such transfer processes. We studied MoS2-MoSe2 in-plane heterostructures fabricated by chemical vapor deposition and lithographic patterning followed by laser-generated vapor sulfurization. Transient absorption measurements in reflection geometry revealed evidence of exciton transfer from MoS2 to MoSe2. By comparing the experimental data with a simulation, we extracted an exciton transfer velocity of 104 m s-1. These results provide valuable information for understanding and controlling in-plane carrier transfer in two-dimensional lateral heterostructures for their electronic and optoelectronic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Z Bellus
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , The University of Kansas , Lawrence , Kansas 66045 , United States
| | - Masoud Mahjouri-Samani
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37831 , United States
- Electrical and Computer Engineering , Auburn University , Auburn , Alabama 36849 , United States
| | - Samuel D Lane
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , The University of Kansas , Lawrence , Kansas 66045 , United States
| | - Akinola D Oyedele
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37831 , United States
- Bredesen Center for Interdisciplinary Research and Graduate Education , University of Tennessee , Knoxville , Tennessee 37996 , United States
| | - Xufan Li
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37831 , United States
| | - Alexander A Puretzky
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37831 , United States
| | - David Geohegan
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37831 , United States
| | - Kai Xiao
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences , Oak Ridge National Laboratory , Oak Ridge , Tennessee 37831 , United States
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , The University of Kansas , Lawrence , Kansas 66045 , United States
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50
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Hao H, Xu Z, Jiang T, Wei K, Li H, Zheng X, Yin K, You J, Shen C, Cheng XA. Visualized charge transfer processes in monolayer composition-graded WS 2xSe 2(1-x) lateral heterojunctions via ultrafast microscopy mapping. OPTICS EXPRESS 2018; 26:15867-15886. [PMID: 30114841 DOI: 10.1364/oe.26.015867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional transitional metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) based lateral heterojunctions have emerged as appealing and intriguing materials for applications in the next generation flexible nanoelectronics. The construction of depletion region near the in-plane interface brings rich opto-electrical dynamics, which is essential for future applications. Due to the synchronous requirement of spatial and time resolution, the study of lateral heterojunction dynamics remains a challenging issue. Herein, with a home-built spatiotemporal femtosecond transient absorption (TAS) spectroscopy platform, we have investigated the ultrafast photocarrier dynamics of monolayer spatial composition-graded WS2xSe2(1-x) lateral heterojunctions. At the alloy interface, the charge transfer (CT) processes have been visualized and referred to occur in 1 ps time scale. The mobility difference between electrons and holes results in the space modulation of the interface and a significant broadening of rising edge on the shell region. Moreover, carrier lifetime near the interface is extraordinarily extended by over 3 times from 153 ps to 678 ps. All these results unveil its great potential in designing future low cost logic devices and ultrafast optical applications.
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