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Hu Z, O’Neill R, Lesyuk R, Klinke C. Colloidal Two-Dimensional Metal Chalcogenides: Realization and Application of the Structural Anisotropy. Acc Chem Res 2021; 54:3792-3803. [PMID: 34623803 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.1c00209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
ConspectusDue to the spatial confinement, two-dimensional metal chalcogenides display an extraordinary optical response and carrier transport ability. Solution-based synthesis techniques such as colloidal hot injection and ion exchange provide a cost-effective way to fabricate such low-dimensional semiconducting nanocrystals. Over the years, developments in colloidal chemistry made it possible to synthesize various kinds of ultrathin colloidal nanoplatelets, including wurtzite- and zinc blende-type CdSe, rock salt PbS, black phosphorus-like SnX (X = S or Se), hexagonal copper sulfides, selenides, and even transition metal dichalcogenides like MoS2. By altering experimental conditions and applying capping ligands with specific functional groups, it is possible to accurately tune the dimensionality, geometry, and consequently the optical properties of these colloidal metal chalcogenide crystals. Here, we review recent progress in the syntheses of two-dimensional colloidal metal chalcogenides (CMCs) and property characterizations based on optical spectroscopy or device-related measurements. The discoveries shine a light on their huge prospect for applications in areas such as photovoltaics, optoelectronics, and spintronics. In specific, the formation mechanisms of two-dimensional CMCs are discussed. The growth of colloidal nanocrystals into a two-dimensional shape is found to require either an intrinsic structural asymmetry or the assist of coexisted ligand molecules, which act as lamellar double-layer templates or "facet" the crystals via selective adsorption. By performing optical characterizations and especially ultrafast spectroscopic measurements on these two-dimensional CMCs, their unique electronic and excitonic features are revealed. A strong dependence of optical transition energies linked to both interband and inter-subband processes on the crystal geometry can be verified, highlighting a tremendous confinement effect in such nanocrystals. With the self-assembly of two-dimensional nanocrystals or coupling of different phases by growing heterostructures, unconventional optical performances such as charge transfer state generation or efficient Förster resonance energy transfer are discovered. The growth of large-scale individualized PbS and SnS nanosheets can be realized by facile hot injection techniques, which gives the opportunity to investigate the charge carrier behavior within a single nanocrystal. According to the results of the device-based measurements on these individualized crystals, structure asymmetry-induced anisotropic electrical responses and Rashba effects caused by a splitting of spin-resolved bands in the momentum space due to strong spin-orbit-coupling are demonstrated. It is foreseen that such geometry-controlled, large-scale two-dimensional CMCs can be the ideal materials used for designing high-efficiency photonics and electronics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Hu
- Chemistry Department, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, United Kingdom
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Ryan O’Neill
- Chemistry Department, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, United Kingdom
| | - Rostyslav Lesyuk
- Institute of Physics, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 23, 18059 Rostock, Germany
- Pidstryhach Institute for Applied Problems of Mechanics and Mathematics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 79060 Lviv, Ukraine
- Department of Photonics, Lviv Polytechnic National University, 79000 Lviv, Ukraine
| | - Christian Klinke
- Chemistry Department, Swansea University, Singleton Park, Swansea SA2 8PP, United Kingdom
- Institute of Physics, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 23, 18059 Rostock, Germany
- Department “Life, Light & Matter”, University of Rostock, Albert-Einstein-Strasse 25, 18059 Rostock, Germany
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2
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Colloidal synthesis of monodisperse ultrathin LiFePO4 nanosheets for Li-ion battery cathodes. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-021-0772-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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3
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Pun AB, Mazzotti S, Mule AS, Norris DJ. Understanding Discrete Growth in Semiconductor Nanocrystals: Nanoplatelets and Magic-Sized Clusters. Acc Chem Res 2021; 54:1545-1554. [PMID: 33660971 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.0c00859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
ConspectusSemiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) fluoresce with a color that strongly depends on their size and shape. Thus, to obtain homogeneous optical properties, researchers have strived to synthesize particles that are uniform. However, because NCs typically grow through continuous, incremental addition of material, slight differences in the growth process between individual crystallites yield statistical distributions in size and shape, leading to inhomogeneities in their optical characteristics. Much work has focused on improving synthetic protocols to control these distributions and enhance performance. Interestingly, during these efforts, several syntheses were discovered that exhibit a different type of growth process. The NCs jump from one discrete size to the next. Through purification methods, one of these sizes can then be isolated, providing a different approach to uniform NCs. Unfortunately, the fundamental mechanism behind such discrete growth and how it differs from the conventional continuous process have remained poorly understood.Discrete growth has been observed in two major classes of NCs: semiconductor nanoplatelets (NPLs) and magic-sized clusters (MSCs). NPLs are quasi-two-dimensional crystallites that exhibit a precise thickness of only a few atomic layers but much larger lateral dimensions. During growth, NPLs slowly appear with an increasing number of monolayers. By halting this process at a specific time, NPLs with a desired thickness can then be isolated (e.g., four monolayers). Because the optical properties are primarily governed by this thickness, which is uniform, NPLs exhibit improved optical properties such as narrower fluorescence line widths.While NPLs have highly anisotropic shapes and show discrete growth only in one dimension (thickness), MSCs are isotropic particles. The name "magic" arose because a specific set of NC sizes appear during synthesis. They have been believed to represent special atomic arrangements that possess enhanced structural stability. Historically, they were very small, hence molecular-scale "clusters." Isolation of one of the MSC sizes can then, in principle, provide a uniform sample of NCs. More recently, MSC growth has been extended to larger sizes, beyond what is commonly considered to be the "cluster" regime, challenging the conventional explanation for these materials.This Account summarizes recent work by our group to understand the mechanism that governs discrete growth in semiconductor NCs. We begin by describing the synthesis of NPLs. Next, we discuss the mechanism behind the highly anisotropic shape of NPLs. We build on this by examining the ripening process in NPLs. We show that NPLs slowly appear with increasing thickness, counterintuitively through lateral growth. Then, we turn to the synthesis of MSCs, in particular focusing on their growth mechanism. Our findings indicate a strong connection between NPLs and MSCs. Finally, we review several remaining challenges for the growth of NPLs and MSCs and give a brief outlook on the future of discrete growth. By understanding the underlying process, we believe that it can be exploited more broadly, potentially moving us toward more uniform nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew B. Pun
- Optical Materials Engineering Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sergio Mazzotti
- Optical Materials Engineering Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Aniket S. Mule
- Optical Materials Engineering Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - David J. Norris
- Optical Materials Engineering Laboratory, Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
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Moghaddam N, Dabard C, Dufour M, Po H, Xu X, Pons T, Lhuillier E, Ithurria S. Surface Modification of CdE (E: S, Se, and Te) Nanoplatelets to Reach Thicker Nanoplatelets and Homostructures with Confinement-Induced Intraparticle Type I Energy Level Alignment. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:1863-1872. [PMID: 33471504 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c10336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Two-dimensional II-VI semiconductor nanoplatelets (NPLs) present exceptionally narrow optical features due to their thickness defined at the atomic scale. Because thickness drives the band-edge energy, its control is of paramount importance. Here, we demonstrate that native carboxylate ligands can be replaced by halides that partially dissolve cadmium chalcogenide NPLs at the edges. The released monomers then recrystallize on the wide top and bottom facets, leading to an increase in NPL thickness. This dissolution/recrystallization method is used to increase NPL thickness to 9 ML while using 3 ML NPLs as the starting material. We also demonstrate that this method is not limited to CdSe and can be extended to CdS and CdTe to grow thick NPLs. When the metal halide precursor is introduced with a chalcogenide precursor on the NPLs, CdSe/CdSe, CdTe/CdTe, and CdSe/CdTe core/shell homo- and heterostructures are achieved. Finally, when an incomplete layer is grown, NPLs with steps are synthesized. These stress-free homostructures are comparable to type I heterostructures, leading to recombination of the exciton in the thicker area of the NPLs. Following the growth of core/crown and core/shell NPLs, it affords a new degree of freedom for the growth of structured NPLs with designed band engineering, which has so far been only achievable for heteromaterial nanostructures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Moghaddam
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique et d'Etude des Matériaux, ESPCI-Paris, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université UPMC Univ Paris 06, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Corentin Dabard
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique et d'Etude des Matériaux, ESPCI-Paris, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université UPMC Univ Paris 06, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75005 Paris, France.,CNRS, Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, INSP, Sorbonne Université, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Marion Dufour
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique et d'Etude des Matériaux, ESPCI-Paris, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université UPMC Univ Paris 06, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Hong Po
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique et d'Etude des Matériaux, ESPCI-Paris, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université UPMC Univ Paris 06, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Xiangzhen Xu
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique et d'Etude des Matériaux, ESPCI-Paris, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université UPMC Univ Paris 06, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Thomas Pons
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique et d'Etude des Matériaux, ESPCI-Paris, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université UPMC Univ Paris 06, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Emmanuel Lhuillier
- CNRS, Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, INSP, Sorbonne Université, F-75005 Paris, France
| | - Sandrine Ithurria
- CNRS, Laboratoire de Physique et d'Etude des Matériaux, ESPCI-Paris, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université UPMC Univ Paris 06, 10 rue Vauquelin, 75005 Paris, France
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5
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Wang F, Javaid S, Chen W, Wang A, Buntine MA, Jia G. Synthesis of Atomically Thin CdTe Nanoplatelets by Using Polytelluride Tellurium Precursors. Aust J Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1071/ch20174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Colloidal two-dimensional (2D) semiconductor nanocrystals are of great importance due to their remarkable optical and electronic properties. Herein, shape-controllable synthesis of 2D wurtzite CdTe nanoplatelets (NPLs) by simply tailoring the reactivity of a tellurium (Te) precursor is reported. Ribbon-, shield-, and bullet-like 2D CdTe NPLs were prepared by a stepwise conversion from CdTe magic-size nanoclusters (MSNCs) by using Te32–, Te22–, and Te2– polytellurides as the tellurium precursor, respectively. This work not only develops a synthetic strategy capable of synthesising wurtzite CdTe nanoplatelets with controlled shapes by tailoring the reactivity of tellurium precursors but also gives insights into the growth mechanisms of colloidal 2D semiconductor nanocrystals.
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6
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Li C, Hsu SC, Lin JX, Chen JY, Chuang KC, Chang YP, Hsu HS, Chen CH, Lin TS, Liu YH. Giant Zeeman Splitting for Monolayer Nanosheets at Room Temperature. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:20616-20623. [PMID: 33249824 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c05368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Giant Zeeman splitting and zero-field splitting (ZFS) are observed in 2D nanosheets that have monolayers of atomic thickness. In this study, single-crystalline CdSe(ethylenediamine)0.5 and Mn2+-doped nanosheets are synthesized via a solvothermal process. Tunable amounts of Mn2+(0.5-8.0%) are introduced, resulting in lattice contraction as well as phosphorescence from five unpaired electrons. The exciton dynamics are dominated by spin-related electronic transitions (4T1 → 6A1) with long lifetimes (20.5, 132, and 295 μs). Temperature-varied EPR spectroscopy with spectral simulation reveals large ZFS (D = 3850 MHz) due to axial distortion of substituted Mn2+ (S = 5/2). In the magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) measurements, we observed giant Zeeman splitting with large effective g values (up to 231 ± 21), which implies huge sp-d exchange interactions in 2D monolayer regimes, leading to diluted magnetic semiconductor (DMS) materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Li
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Sheng-Chih Hsu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jun-Xiao Lin
- Department of Applied Physics, National Pingtung University, Pingtung 90003, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Jou-Yun Chen
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Kai-Chun Chuang
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Yuan-Pin Chang
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Hua-Shu Hsu
- Department of Applied Physics, National Pingtung University, Pingtung 90003, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ching-Hsiang Chen
- Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science & Technology, Taipei 10673, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Tien-Sung Lin
- Department of Chemistry, Washington University, Saint Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Yi-Hsin Liu
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan, ROC
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7
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Lv L, Li J, Wang Y, Shu Y, Peng X. Monodisperse CdSe Quantum Dots Encased in Six (100) Facets via Ligand-Controlled Nucleation and Growth. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:19926-19935. [PMID: 33185104 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c06914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Zinc-blende CdSe quantum dots (QDs) encased in six equal (100) facets are synthesized in a noncoordinating solvent. Their monodispersed size, unique facet structure, and single crystallinity render the narrowest ensemble photoluminescence for CdSe QDs (full width at half-maximum being 52 meV). The nucleation stage can selectively form small-size CdSe QDs (≤3 nm) as seeds suited for the growth of cube-shaped QDs by reducing the concentration of cadmium carboxylates (Cd(RCOO)2) as the sole source of ligands. While resulting in poorly controlled nucleation, chloride-ion ligands introduced in the form of soluble CdClx(RCOO)1-x (x = 0.1∼0.2) would thermodynamically stabilize the cadmium-terminated (100) facets yet kinetically accelerate the deposition of selenium ions onto the (100) facets. Results suggest that it is fully feasible to synthesize QDs simultaneously with monodisperse size and surface structure through ligand-controlled nucleation and growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liulin Lv
- Center for Chemistry of Novel & High-Performance Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Jiongzhao Li
- Center for Chemistry of Novel & High-Performance Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yonghong Wang
- Center for Chemistry of Novel & High-Performance Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Yufei Shu
- Center for Chemistry of Novel & High-Performance Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Xiaogang Peng
- Center for Chemistry of Novel & High-Performance Materials, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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8
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9
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Ayari S, Quick MT, Owschimikow N, Christodoulou S, Bertrand GHV, Artemyev M, Moreels I, Woggon U, Jaziri S, Achtstein AW. Tuning trion binding energy and oscillator strength in a laterally finite 2D system: CdSe nanoplatelets as a model system for trion properties. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:14448-14458. [PMID: 32618327 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr03170d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We present a theoretical study combined with experimental validations demonstrating that CdSe nanoplatelets are a model system to investigate the tunability of trions and excitons in laterally finite 2D semiconductors. Our results show that the trion binding energy can be tuned from 36 meV to 18 meV with the lateral size and decreasing aspect ratio, while the oscillator strength ratio of trions to excitons decreases. In contrast to conventional quantum dots, the trion oscillator strength in a nanoplatelet at low temperature is smaller than that of the exciton. The trion and exciton Bohr radii become lateral size tunable, e.g. from ∼3.5 to 4.8 nm for the trion. We show that dielectric screening has strong impact on these properties. By theoretical modeling of transition energies, binding energies and oscillator strength of trions and excitons and comparison with experimental findings, we demonstrate that these properties are lateral size and aspect ratio tunable and can be engineered by dielectric confinement, allowing to suppress e.g. detrimental trion emission in devices. Our results strongly impact further in-depth studies, as the demonstrated lateral size tunable trion and exciton manifold is expected to influence properties like gain mechanisms, lasing, quantum efficiency and transport even at room temperature due to the high and tunable trion binding energies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrine Ayari
- Laboratoire de Physique des Materiaux, Faculte des Sciences de Bizerte, Universite de Carthage, Jarzouna 7021, Tunisia
| | - Michael T Quick
- Institute of Optics and Atomic Physics, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Nina Owschimikow
- Institute of Optics and Atomic Physics, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany.
| | | | | | - Mikhail Artemyev
- Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems of Belarusian State University, 220006 Minsk, Belarus
| | - Iwan Moreels
- Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 - S3, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Ulrike Woggon
- Institute of Optics and Atomic Physics, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Sihem Jaziri
- Laboratoire de Physique des Materiaux, Faculte des Sciences de Bizerte, Universite de Carthage, Jarzouna 7021, Tunisia and Laboratoire de Physique de la Matiere Condensee, Departement de Physique, Faculte des Sciences de Tunis, Campus Universitaire, 1060 Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Alexander W Achtstein
- Institute of Optics and Atomic Physics, Technische Universität Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany.
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10
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Leemans J, Singh S, Li C, Ten Brinck S, Bals S, Infante I, Moreels I, Hens Z. Near-Edge Ligand Stripping and Robust Radiative Exciton Recombination in CdSe/CdS Core/Crown Nanoplatelets. J Phys Chem Lett 2020; 11:3339-3344. [PMID: 32272839 PMCID: PMC7213063 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c00870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/10/2020] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
We address the relation between surface chemistry and optoelectronic properties in semiconductor nanocrystals using core/crown CdSe/CdS nanoplatelets passivated by cadmium oleate (Cd(Ol)2) as model systems. We show that addition of butylamine to a nanoplatelet (NPL) dispersion maximally displaces ∼40% of the original Cd(Ol)2 capping. On the basis of density functional theory simulations, we argue that this behavior reflects the preferential displacement of Cd(Ol)2 from (near)-edge surface sites. Opposite from CdSe core NPLs, core/crown NPL dispersions can retain 45% of their initial photoluminescence efficiency after ligand displacement, while radiative exciton recombination keeps dominating the luminescent decay. Using electron microscopy observations, we assign this robust photoluminescence to NPLs with a complete CdS crown, which prevents charge carrier trapping in the near-edge surface sites created by ligand displacement. We conclude that Z-type ligands such as cadmium carboxylates can provide full electronic passivation of (100) facets yet are prone to displacement from (near)-edge surface sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jari Leemans
- Physics
and Chemistry of Nanostructures, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Center
for Nano and Biophotonics, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Shalini Singh
- Physics
and Chemistry of Nanostructures, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Center
for Nano and Biophotonics, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Chen Li
- Electron
Microscopy for Materials Research (EMAT), University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Stephanie Ten Brinck
- Department
of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, de Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Sara Bals
- Electron
Microscopy for Materials Research (EMAT), University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Ivan Infante
- Department
of Nanochemistry, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Department
of Theoretical Chemistry and Amsterdam Center for Multiscale Modeling
(ACMM), VU University Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Iwan Moreels
- Physics
and Chemistry of Nanostructures, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Center
for Nano and Biophotonics, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Zeger Hens
- Physics
and Chemistry of Nanostructures, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Center
for Nano and Biophotonics, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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11
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Zhang J, Liu Z, Wang H, Wang F, Wu H, Qin X, Yang M, Xu X. The shape evolution process of two-dimensional CdSe nanocrystals altered by seed concentration. NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj05586j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The content of CdSe quantum dots induced a change of shape and lattice defect content in CdSe 2D nanocrystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Zhang
- A School of Chemistry and Materials Science of Shanxi Normal University
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of Education
- Linfen 041004
- China
- Research Institute of Materials Science of Shanxi Normal University & Collaborative Innovation Center for Shanxi Advanced Permanent Magnetic Materials and Technology
| | - Zhenrong Liu
- A School of Chemistry and Materials Science of Shanxi Normal University
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of Education
- Linfen 041004
- China
- Research Institute of Materials Science of Shanxi Normal University & Collaborative Innovation Center for Shanxi Advanced Permanent Magnetic Materials and Technology
| | - Huifang Wang
- A School of Chemistry and Materials Science of Shanxi Normal University
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of Education
- Linfen 041004
- China
- Research Institute of Materials Science of Shanxi Normal University & Collaborative Innovation Center for Shanxi Advanced Permanent Magnetic Materials and Technology
| | - Fang Wang
- A School of Chemistry and Materials Science of Shanxi Normal University
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of Education
- Linfen 041004
- China
- Research Institute of Materials Science of Shanxi Normal University & Collaborative Innovation Center for Shanxi Advanced Permanent Magnetic Materials and Technology
| | - Hao Wu
- A School of Chemistry and Materials Science of Shanxi Normal University
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of Education
- Linfen 041004
- China
- Research Institute of Materials Science of Shanxi Normal University & Collaborative Innovation Center for Shanxi Advanced Permanent Magnetic Materials and Technology
| | - Xiufang Qin
- Research Institute of Materials Science of Shanxi Normal University & Collaborative Innovation Center for Shanxi Advanced Permanent Magnetic Materials and Technology
- Linfen 041004
- China
| | - Ming Yang
- A School of Chemistry and Materials Science of Shanxi Normal University
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of Education
- Linfen 041004
- China
- Research Institute of Materials Science of Shanxi Normal University & Collaborative Innovation Center for Shanxi Advanced Permanent Magnetic Materials and Technology
| | - Xiaohong Xu
- A School of Chemistry and Materials Science of Shanxi Normal University
- Key Laboratory of Magnetic Molecules and Magnetic Information Materials of Ministry of Education
- Linfen 041004
- China
- Research Institute of Materials Science of Shanxi Normal University & Collaborative Innovation Center for Shanxi Advanced Permanent Magnetic Materials and Technology
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12
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One-pot synthesis and shape control of metal selenides, sulfides and oxides with oxalic acid as the reducing reagent. APPLIED NANOSCIENCE 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s13204-019-00954-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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13
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Mi Y, Jin B, Zhao L, Chen J, Zhang S, Shi J, Zhong Y, Du W, Zhang J, Zhang Q, Zhai T, Liu X. High-Quality Hexagonal Nonlayered CdS Nanoplatelets for Low-Threshold Whispering-Gallery-Mode Lasing. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2019; 15:e1901364. [PMID: 31282127 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201901364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Low threshold micro/nanolasers have attracted extensive attention for wide applications in high-density storage and optical communication. However, constrained by quantum efficiency and crystalline quality, conventional semiconductor small-sized lasers are still subjected to a high lasing threshold. In this work, a low-threshold planar laser based on high-quality single-crystalline hexagonal CdS nanoplatelets (NPLs) using a self-limited epitaxial growth method is demonstrated. The as-grown CdS NPLs show multiple whispering-gallery-mode lasing at room temperature with a threshold of ≈0.6 µJ cm-2 , which is the lowest value among reported CdS-based lasers. Through power-dependent lasing studies at 77 K, the lasing action is demonstrated to originate from a exciton-exciton scattering process. Furthermore, the edge length- and thickness-dependent lasing threshold studies reveal that the threshold is inversely proportional to the second power of lateral edge length while partially affected by vertical thickness, and the lasing modes can be sustained in NPLs as thin as 60 nm. The lowest threshold emerges with the thickness of ≈110 nm due to stronger energy confinement in the vertical Fabry-Pérot cavity. The results not only open up a new avenue to fabricate nonlayered material-based coherent light sources, but also advocate the promise of nonlayered semiconductor materials for the development of novel optoelectronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Mi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center of Excellence for Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Bao Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die and Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Liyun Zhao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Jie Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center of Excellence for Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Shuai Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center of Excellence for Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jia Shi
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center of Excellence for Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Yangguang Zhong
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center of Excellence for Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Wenna Du
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center of Excellence for Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
| | - Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Superlattices and Microstructures, Institute of Semiconductors, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100083, China
- Beijing Academy of Quantum Information Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, P. R. China
| | - Tianyou Zhai
- State Key Laboratory of Material Processing and Die and Mould Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Xinfeng Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Standardization and Measurement for Nanotechnology, CAS Center of Excellence for Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, 100190, P. R. China
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14
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Dai L, Lesyuk R, Karpulevich A, Torche A, Bester G, Klinke C. From Wurtzite Nanoplatelets to Zinc Blende Nanorods: Simultaneous Control of Shape and Phase in Ultrathin ZnS Nanocrystals. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:3828-3835. [PMID: 31246028 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b01466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Ultrathin semiconductor nanocrystals (NCs) with at least one dimension below their exciton Bohr radius receive a rapidly increasing attention due to their unique physicochemical properties. These superior properties highly depend on the shape and crystal phase of semiconductor NCs. Here, we demonstrate not only the synthesis of well-defined ultrathin ZnS nanoplatelets (NPLs) with excitonic absorption and emission, but also the shape/phase transformation between wurtzite (WZ) NPLs and zinc blende (ZB) nanorods (NRs). UV-vis absorption spectra of WZ-ZnS NPLs clearly exhibit a sharp excitonic peak that is not observed in ZB-ZnS NRs. Besides, the photoluminescence characterization shows that WZ-ZnS NPLs have a narrow excitonic emission peak, while ZB-ZnS NRs exhibit a broad collective emission band consisting of four emission peaks. The appearance of excitonic features in the absorption spectra of ZnS NPLs is explained by interband electronic transitions, which is simulated in the framework of atomic effective pseudopotentials (AEP).
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Affiliation(s)
- Liwei Dai
- Institute of Physical Chemistry , University of Hamburg , Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6 , 20146 Hamburg , Germany
| | - Rostyslav Lesyuk
- Institute of Physical Chemistry , University of Hamburg , Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6 , 20146 Hamburg , Germany
- Pidstryhach Institute for Applied Problems of Mechanics and Mathematics of NAS of Ukraine, Naukowa str. 3b, 79060 Lviv & Department of Photonics , Lviv Polytechnic National University , Bandery str. 12 , 79000 Lviv , Ukraine
- Institute of Physics , University of Rostock , Albert-Einstein-Straße 23 , 18059 Rostock , Germany
| | - Anastasia Karpulevich
- Institute of Physical Chemistry , University of Hamburg , Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6 , 20146 Hamburg , Germany
| | - Abderrezak Torche
- Institute of Physical Chemistry , University of Hamburg , Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6 , 20146 Hamburg , Germany
| | - Gabriel Bester
- Institute of Physical Chemistry , University of Hamburg , Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6 , 20146 Hamburg , Germany
| | - Christian Klinke
- Institute of Physical Chemistry , University of Hamburg , Martin-Luther-King-Platz 6 , 20146 Hamburg , Germany
- Department of Chemistry , Swansea University-Singleton Park , Swansea SA2 8PP , U.K
- Institute of Physics , University of Rostock , Albert-Einstein-Straße 23 , 18059 Rostock , Germany
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15
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Pang Y, Zhang M, Chen D, Chen W, Wang F, Anwar SJ, Saunders M, Rowles MR, Liu L, Liu S, Sitt A, Li C, Jia G. Why Do Colloidal Wurtzite Semiconductor Nanoplatelets Have an Atomically Uniform Thickness of Eight Monolayers? J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:3465-3471. [PMID: 31184156 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b01195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Herein we employed a first-principles method based on density functional theory to investigate the surface energy and growth kinetics of wurtzite nanoplatelets to elucidate why nanoplatelets exhibit a uniform thickness of eight monolayers. We synthesized a series of wurtzite nanoplatelets (ZnSe, ZnS, ZnTe, and CdSe) with an atomically uniform thickness of eight monolayers. As a representative example, the growth mechanism of 1.39 nm thick (eight monolayers) wurtzite ZnSe nanoplatelets was studied to substantiate the proposed growth kinetics. The results show that the growth of the seventh and eighth layers along the [112̅0] direction of 0.99 nm (six monolayers) ZnSe magic-size nanoclusters is accessible, whereas the growth of the ninth layer is unlikely to occur because the formation energy is large. This work not only gives insights into the synthesis of atomically uniform thick wurtzite semiconductor nanoplatelets but also opens up new avenues to their applications in light-emitting diodes, catalysis, detectors, and lasers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingping Pang
- Curtin Institute of Functional Molecules and Interfaces, School of Molecular and Life Sciences , Curtin University , Bentley , WA 6102 , Australia
| | - Minyi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry , Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Fuzhou , Fujian 350002 , China
| | - Dechao Chen
- Curtin Institute of Functional Molecules and Interfaces, School of Molecular and Life Sciences , Curtin University , Bentley , WA 6102 , Australia
| | - Wei Chen
- Curtin Institute of Functional Molecules and Interfaces, School of Molecular and Life Sciences , Curtin University , Bentley , WA 6102 , Australia
| | - Fei Wang
- Curtin Institute of Functional Molecules and Interfaces, School of Molecular and Life Sciences , Curtin University , Bentley , WA 6102 , Australia
| | - Shaghraf Javaid Anwar
- Curtin Institute of Functional Molecules and Interfaces, School of Molecular and Life Sciences , Curtin University , Bentley , WA 6102 , Australia
| | - Martin Saunders
- Centre for Microscopy, Characterization and Analysis (CMCA) and School of Molecular Sciences , The University of Western Australia , Crawley , WA 6009 , Australia
| | - Matthew R Rowles
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , Curtin University , Bentley , WA 6102 , Australia
| | - Lihong Liu
- WA School of Mines: Minerals, Energy and Chemical Engineering , Curtin University , Bentley , WA 6102 , Australia
| | - Shaomin Liu
- WA School of Mines: Minerals, Energy and Chemical Engineering , Curtin University , Bentley , WA 6102 , Australia
| | - Amit Sitt
- Raymond and Beverly Sackler Faculty of Exact Sciences, School of Chemistry , Tel Aviv University , Tel Aviv 6997801 , Israel
| | - Chunsen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry , Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Fuzhou , Fujian 350002 , China
- Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry , Xiamen , Fujian 361005 , China
| | - Guohua Jia
- Curtin Institute of Functional Molecules and Interfaces, School of Molecular and Life Sciences , Curtin University , Bentley , WA 6102 , Australia
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16
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Dufour M, Qu J, Greboval C, Méthivier C, Lhuillier E, Ithurria S. Halide Ligands To Release Strain in Cadmium Chalcogenide Nanoplatelets and Achieve High Brightness. ACS NANO 2019; 13:5326-5334. [PMID: 30974938 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b09794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Zinc blende II-VI semiconductor nanoplatelets (NPLs) are defined at the atomic scale along the thickness of the nanoparticle and are initially capped with carboxylates on the top and bottom [001] facets. These ligands are exchanged on CdSe NPLs with halides that act as X-L-type ligands. These CdSe NPLs are costabilized by amines to provide colloidal stability in nonpolar solvents. The hydrogen from the amine can participate in a hydrogen bond with the lone pair electrons of surface halides. After ligand exchange, the optical features are red-shifted. Thus, ligand tuning is another way, in addition to confinement, to tune the optical features of NPLs. The improved surface passivation leads to an increase in the fluorescence quantum efficiency of up to 70% in the case of bromide. However, for chloride and iodide, the surface coverage is incomplete, and thus, the fluorescence quantum efficiency is lower. This ligand exchange is associated with a decrease in stress that leads to unfolding of the NPLs, which is particularly noticeable for iodide-capped NPLs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marion Dufour
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Etude des Matériaux, ESPCI-Paris, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université UPMC, Univ Paris 06, CNRS, 10 rue Vauquelin , 75005 Paris , France
| | - Junling Qu
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, INSP, F-75005 Paris , France
| | - Charlie Greboval
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, INSP, F-75005 Paris , France
| | - Christophe Méthivier
- Laboratoire de Réactivité de Surface (LRS, UMR 7197), Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 4 place Jussieu , F-75005 Paris , France
| | - Emmanuel Lhuillier
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, Institut des NanoSciences de Paris, INSP, F-75005 Paris , France
| | - Sandrine Ithurria
- Laboratoire de Physique et d'Etude des Matériaux, ESPCI-Paris, PSL Research University, Sorbonne Université UPMC, Univ Paris 06, CNRS, 10 rue Vauquelin , 75005 Paris , France
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17
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Scott R, Prudnikau AV, Antanovich A, Christodoulou S, Riedl T, Bertrand GHV, Owschimikow N, Lindner JKN, Hens Z, Moreels I, Artemyev M, Woggon U, Achtstein AW. A comparative study demonstrates strong size tunability of carrier-phonon coupling in CdSe-based 2D and 0D nanocrystals. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:3958-3967. [PMID: 30762858 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr09458f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In a comparative study we investigate the carrier-phonon coupling in CdSe based core-only and hetero 2D as well as 0D nanoparticles. We demonstrate that the coupling can be strongly tuned by the lateral size of nanoplatelets, while, due to the weak lateral confinement, the transition energies are only altered by tens of meV. Our analysis shows that an increase in the lateral platelet area results in a strong decrease in the phonon coupling to acoustic modes due to deformation potential interaction, yielding an exciton deformation potential of 3.0 eV in line with theory. In contrast, coupling to optical modes tends to increase with the platelet area. This cannot be explained by Fröhlich interaction, which is generally dominant in II-VI materials. We compare CdSe/CdS nanoplatelets with their equivalent, spherical CdSe/CdS nanoparticles. Universally, in both systems the introduction of a CdS shell is shown to result in an increase of the average phonon coupling, mainly related to an increase of the coupling to acoustic modes, while the coupling to optical modes is reduced with increasing CdS layer thickness. The demonstrated size and CdS overgrowth tunability has strong implications for applications like tuning carrier cooling and carrier multiplication - relevant for solar energy harvesting applications. Other implications range from transport in nanosystems e.g. for field effect transistors or dephasing control. Our results open up a new toolbox for the design of photonic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Riccardo Scott
- Institute of Optics and Atomic Physics, Technical University of Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Anatol V Prudnikau
- Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems of Belarusian State University, 220006, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Artsiom Antanovich
- Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems of Belarusian State University, 220006, Minsk, Belarus
| | | | - Thomas Riedl
- Department of Physics, Paderborn University, Warburger Strasse 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Guillaume H V Bertrand
- CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France and Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Nina Owschimikow
- Institute of Optics and Atomic Physics, Technical University of Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Jörg K N Lindner
- Department of Physics, Paderborn University, Warburger Strasse 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany
| | - Zeger Hens
- Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 - S3, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Iwan Moreels
- Department of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281 - S3, 9000 Gent, Belgium and Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Mikhail Artemyev
- Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems of Belarusian State University, 220006, Minsk, Belarus
| | - Ulrike Woggon
- Institute of Optics and Atomic Physics, Technical University of Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Alexander W Achtstein
- Institute of Optics and Atomic Physics, Technical University of Berlin, Strasse des 17. Juni 135, 10623 Berlin, Germany.
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18
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Wang J, Qiao Y, Wang T, Yu H, Feng Y, Zhang J. Isovalent bismuth ion-induced growth of highly-disperse Sb2S3 nanorods and their composite with p-CuSCN for self-powered photodetectors. CrystEngComm 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ce01228h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Trace amounts of Bi ions are able to cause the growth of highly-disperse, thin Sb2S3 nanorods, which exhibit potential in UV-visible self-powered photodetectors when coupled with p-CuSCN crystal clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junli Wang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering
- Jiangsu University
- Zhenjiang 212013
- PR China
| | - Yajie Qiao
- School of Materials Science & Engineering
- Jiangsu University
- Zhenjiang 212013
- PR China
| | - Tingting Wang
- School of Materials Science & Engineering
- Jiangsu University
- Zhenjiang 212013
- PR China
| | - Hongsong Yu
- School of Materials Science & Engineering
- Jiangsu University
- Zhenjiang 212013
- PR China
| | - Ying Feng
- School of Materials Science & Engineering
- Jiangsu University
- Zhenjiang 212013
- PR China
| | - Junhao Zhang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
- Zhenjiang
- PR China
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19
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Christodoulou S, Climente JI, Planelles J, Brescia R, Prato M, Martín-García B, Khan AH, Moreels I. Chloride-Induced Thickness Control in CdSe Nanoplatelets. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:6248-6254. [PMID: 30178676 PMCID: PMC6526959 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b02361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Revised: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Current colloidal synthesis methods for CdSe nanoplatelets (NPLs) routinely yield samples that emit, in discrete steps, from 460 to 550 nm. A significant challenge lies with obtaining thicker NPLs, to further widen the emission range. This is at present typically achieved via colloidal atomic layer deposition onto CdSe cores, or by synthesizing NPL core/shell structures. Here, we demonstrate a novel reaction scheme, where we start from 4.5 monolayer (ML) NPLs and increase the thickness in a two-step reaction that switches from 2D to 3D growth. The key feature is the enhancement of the growth rate of basal facets by the addition of CdCl2, resulting in a series of nearly monodisperse CdSe NPLs with thicknesses between 5.5 and 8.5 ML. Optical characterization yielded emission peaks from 554 nm up to 625 nm with a line width (fwhm) of 9-13 nm, making them one of the narrowest colloidal nanocrystal emitters currently available in this spectral range. The NPLs maintained a short emission lifetime of 5-11 ns. Finally, due to the increased red shift of the NPL band edge photoluminescence excitation spectra revealed several high-energy peaks. Calculation of the NPL band structure allowed us to identify these excited-state transitions, and spectral shifts are consistent with a significant mixing of light and split-off hole states. Clearly, chloride ions can add a new degree of freedom to the growth of 2D colloidal nanocrystals, yielding new insights into both the NPL synthesis as well as their optoelectronic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sotirios Christodoulou
- Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- ICFO
- Institut de Ciencies Fotoniques, The Barcelona Institute of Science
and Technology, Castelldefels, 08860 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Juan I. Climente
- Departament
de Química Física i Analítica, Universitat Jaume I, 12080 Castelló de la Plana, Spain
| | - Josep Planelles
- Departament
de Química Física i Analítica, Universitat Jaume I, 12080 Castelló de la Plana, Spain
| | - Rosaria Brescia
- Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Mirko Prato
- Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | | | - Ali Hossain Khan
- Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Department
of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, 9000 Gent, Belgium
- E-mail:
| | - Iwan Moreels
- Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Department
of Chemistry, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281-S3, 9000 Gent, Belgium
- E-mail:
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20
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Singh S, Tomar R, ten Brinck S, De Roo J, Geiregat P, Martins JC, Infante I, Hens Z. Colloidal CdSe Nanoplatelets, A Model for Surface Chemistry/Optoelectronic Property Relations in Semiconductor Nanocrystals. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:13292-13300. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b07566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Singh
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Nano and Biophotonics, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Renu Tomar
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Nano and Biophotonics, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stephanie ten Brinck
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Jonathan De Roo
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Nano and Biophotonics, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Pieter Geiregat
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Nano and Biophotonics, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - José C. Martins
- NMR and Structural Analysis Unit, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ivan Infante
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Vrije Universiteit, 1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Zeger Hens
- Physics and Chemistry of Nanostructures, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
- Center for Nano and Biophotonics, Ghent University, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
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21
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Achtstein AW, Marquardt O, Scott R, Ibrahim M, Riedl T, Prudnikau AV, Antanovich A, Owschimikow N, Lindner JKN, Artemyev M, Woggon U. Impact of Shell Growth on Recombination Dynamics and Exciton-Phonon Interaction in CdSe-CdS Core-Shell Nanoplatelets. ACS NANO 2018; 12:9476-9483. [PMID: 30192515 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b04803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the impact of shell growth on the carrier dynamics and exciton-phonon coupling in CdSe-CdS core-shell nanoplatelets with varying shell thickness. We observe that the recombination dynamics can be prolonged by more than one order of magnitude, and analyze the results in a global rate model as well as with simulations including strain and excitonic effects. We reveal that type I band alignment in the hetero platelets is maintained at least up to three monolayers of CdS, resulting in approximately constant radiative rates. Hence, observed changes of decay dynamics are not the result of an increasingly different electron and hole exciton wave function delocalization as often assumed, but an increasingly better passivation of nonradiative surface defects by the shell. Based on a global analysis of time-resolved and time-integrated data, we recover and model the temperature dependent quantum yield of these nanostructures and show that CdS shell growth leads to a strong enhancement of the photoluminescence quantum yield. Our results explain, for example, the very high lasing gain observed in CdSe-CdS nanoplatelets due to the type I band alignment that also makes them interesting as solar energy concentrators. Further, we reveal that the exciton-LO-phonon coupling is strongly tunable by the CdS shell thickness, enabling emission line width and coherence length control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander W Achtstein
- Institute of Optics and Atomic Physics , Technical University of Berlin , Strasse des 17. Juni 135 , 10623 Berlin , Germany
| | - Oliver Marquardt
- Weierstraß Institute for Applied Analysis and Stochastics , Mohrenstraße 39 , 10117 Berlin , Germany
| | - Riccardo Scott
- Institute of Optics and Atomic Physics , Technical University of Berlin , Strasse des 17. Juni 135 , 10623 Berlin , Germany
| | - Mohamed Ibrahim
- Institute of Optics and Atomic Physics , Technical University of Berlin , Strasse des 17. Juni 135 , 10623 Berlin , Germany
| | - Thomas Riedl
- Department of Physics , Paderborn University , Warburger Strasse 100 , 33098 Paderborn , Germany
| | - Anatol V Prudnikau
- Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems of Belarusian State University , 220006 Minsk , Belarus
- Physical Chemistry , TU Dresden , Bergstrasse 66b , 01062 Dresden , Germany
| | - Artsiom Antanovich
- Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems of Belarusian State University , 220006 Minsk , Belarus
| | - Nina Owschimikow
- Institute of Optics and Atomic Physics , Technical University of Berlin , Strasse des 17. Juni 135 , 10623 Berlin , Germany
| | - Jörg K N Lindner
- Department of Physics , Paderborn University , Warburger Strasse 100 , 33098 Paderborn , Germany
| | - Mikhail Artemyev
- Research Institute for Physical Chemical Problems of Belarusian State University , 220006 Minsk , Belarus
| | - Ulrike Woggon
- Institute of Optics and Atomic Physics , Technical University of Berlin , Strasse des 17. Juni 135 , 10623 Berlin , Germany
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22
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Ghosh S, Manna L. The Many "Facets" of Halide Ions in the Chemistry of Colloidal Inorganic Nanocrystals. Chem Rev 2018; 118:7804-7864. [PMID: 30062881 PMCID: PMC6107855 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.8b00158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Over the years, scientists have identified various synthetic "handles" while developing wet chemical protocols for achieving a high level of shape and compositional complexity in colloidal nanomaterials. Halide ions have emerged as one such handle which serve as important surface active species that regulate nanocrystal (NC) growth and concomitant physicochemical properties. Halide ions affect the NC growth kinetics through several means, including selective binding on crystal facets, complexation with the precursors, and oxidative etching. On the other hand, their presence on the surfaces of semiconducting NCs stimulates interesting changes in the intrinsic electronic structure and interparticle communication in the NC solids eventually assembled from them. Then again, halide ions also induce optoelectronic tunability in NCs where they form part of the core, through sheer composition variation. In this review, we describe these roles of halide ions in the growth of nanostructures and the physical changes introduced by them and thereafter demonstrate the commonality of these effects across different classes of nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandeep Ghosh
- McKetta
Department of Chemical Engineering, The
University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1589, United States
| | - Liberato Manna
- Department
of Nanochemistry, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia
(IIT), via Morego 30, I-16163 Genova, Italy
- Kavli Institute
of Nanoscience and Department of Chemical Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The Netherlands
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23
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Gerdes F, Klein E, Kull S, Ramin Moayed MM, Lesyuk R, Klinke C. Halogens in the Synthesis of Colloidal Semiconductor Nanocrystals. Z PHYS CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/zpch-2018-1164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
In this review, we highlight the role of halogenated compounds in the colloidal synthesis of nanostructured semiconductors. Halogen-containing metallic salts used as precursors and halogenated hydrocarbons used as ligands allow stabilizing different shapes and crystal phases, and enable the formation of colloidal systems with different dimensionality. We summarize recent reports on the tremendous influence of these compounds on the physical properties of nanocrystals, like field-effect mobility and solar cell performance and outline main analytical methods for the nanocrystal surface control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frauke Gerdes
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Hamburg , Grindelallee 117 , 20146 Hamburg , Germany
| | - Eugen Klein
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Hamburg , Grindelallee 117 , 20146 Hamburg , Germany
| | - Sascha Kull
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Hamburg , Grindelallee 117 , 20146 Hamburg , Germany
| | | | - Rostyslav Lesyuk
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Hamburg , Grindelallee 117 , 20146 Hamburg , Germany
- Pidstryhach Institute for Applied Problems of Mechanics and Mathematics of NAS of Ukraine , Naukowa str. 3b , 79060 Lviv , Ukraine
| | - Christian Klinke
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Hamburg , Grindelallee 117 , 20146 Hamburg , Germany
- Department of Chemistry , Swansea University, Singleton Park , Swansea SA2 8PP , UK
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24
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Adegoke O, Takemura K, Park EY. Plasmonic Oleylamine-Capped Gold and Silver Nanoparticle-Assisted Synthesis of Luminescent Alloyed CdZnSeS Quantum Dots. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:1357-1366. [PMID: 30023803 PMCID: PMC6045352 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.7b01724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We report on a novel strategy to tune the structural and optical properties of luminescent alloyed quantum dot (QD) nanocrystals using plasmonic gold (Au) and silver (Ag) nanoparticles (NPs). Alloyed CdZnSeS QDs were synthesized via the organometallic synthetic route with different fabrication strategies that involve alternative utilization of blends of organic surfactants, ligands, capping agents, and plasmonic oleylamine (OLA)-functionalized AuNPs and AgNPs. Ligand exchange with thiol l-cysteine (l-cyst) was used to prepare the hydrophilic nanocrystals. Analysis of the structural properties using powder X-ray diffraction revealed that under the same experimental condition, the plasmonic NPs altered the diffractive crystal structure of the alloyed QDs. Depending on the fabrication strategy, the crystal nature of OLA-AuNP-assisted CdZnSeS QDs was a pure hexagonal wurtzite domain and a cubic zinc-blende domain, whereas the diffraction pattern of OLA-AgNP-assisted CdZnSeS QDs was dominantly a cubic zinc-blende domain. Insights into the growth morphology of the QDs revealed a steady transformation from a heterogeneous growth pattern to a homogenous growth pattern that was strongly influenced by the plasmonic NPs. Tuning the optical properties of the alloyed QDs via plasmonic optical engineering showed that the photoluminescence (PL) quantum yield (QY) of the AuNP-assisted l-cyst-CdZnSeS QDs was tuned from 10 to 31%, whereas the PL QY of the AgNP-assisted l-cyst-CdZnSeS QDs was tuned from 15 to 90%. The low PL QY was associated with the surface defect state, while the remarkably high PL QY exhibited by the AgNP-assisted l-cyst-CdZnSeS QDs lends strong affirmation that the fabrication strategy employed in this work provides a unique opportunity to create single ensemble, multifunctional, highly fluorescent alloyed QDs for tailored biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oluwasesan Adegoke
- Laboratory
of Biotechnology, Research Institute of
Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
| | - Kenshin Takemura
- Laboratory
of Biotechnology, Research Institute of
Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
| | - Enoch Y. Park
- Laboratory
of Biotechnology, Research Institute of
Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
- Laboratory
of Biotechnology, Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Science
and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan
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Lian L, Zhai G, Cheng F, Xia Y, Zheng M, Ke J, Gao M, Liu H, Zhang D, Li L, Gao J, Tang J, Zhang J. Colloidal synthesis of lead-free all-inorganic cesium bismuth bromide perovskite nanoplatelets. CrystEngComm 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ce01060a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Lead halide two-dimensional (2D) nanoplatelets (NPLs) have attracted intense interest due to their unique optoelectronic properties.
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